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Assignment 2

This document discusses various topics related to digital signal processing including: 1. Determining direct form realizations of linear phase filters and FIR filters. 2. Calculating system functions and impulse responses from signal flow graphs. 3. Obtaining different filter structures like direct form I/II, cascade and parallel. 4. Converting analog filters to digital filters using bilinear transformation and impulse invariance. 5. Approximating analog differentiators and integrators with digital filters.

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tanushka17823
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views

Assignment 2

This document discusses various topics related to digital signal processing including: 1. Determining direct form realizations of linear phase filters and FIR filters. 2. Calculating system functions and impulse responses from signal flow graphs. 3. Obtaining different filter structures like direct form I/II, cascade and parallel. 4. Converting analog filters to digital filters using bilinear transformation and impulse invariance. 5. Approximating analog differentiators and integrators with digital filters.

Uploaded by

tanushka17823
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. Determine a direct-form realization for the following linear phase filter.

1, 2, 3,4 ,3,2,1
ℎ(𝑛) = { }
↑
2. Consider an FIR filter with system function
𝐻(𝑧) = 1 + 2.88𝑧 −1 + 3.404𝑧 −2 + 1.74𝑧 −3 + 0.4𝑧 −4
Sketch the direct-form and lattice realizations of the filter and determine in detail the
corresponding input-output equations.
3. Determine the system function and impulse response of the system shown in Fig.1.

Fig. 1.

4. Determine the transposed structure of the system shown in Fig.1 and verify that both the
original and the transposed system have the same system function.

5. Obtain the direct form I, direct form II, cascade and parallel structures for the following
systems.
3 1 1
(a) 𝑦(𝑛) = 4 𝑦(𝑛 − 1) − 8 𝑦(𝑛 − 2) + 𝑥(𝑛) + 3 𝑥(𝑛 − 1)
1
(b) 𝑦(𝑛) = 𝑦(𝑛 − 1) − 2 𝑦(𝑛 − 2) + 𝑥(𝑛) − 𝑥(𝑛 − 1) + 𝑥(𝑛 − 2)
6. Determine the zeros and sketch the zero pattern for the FIR lattice filter with parameters
1 1
𝑘1 = , 𝑘2 = − , 𝑘3 = 1
2 3
7. Determine the parameters {𝑘𝑚 } of the lattice filter corresponding to the FIR filter described
by the system function.
𝐻(𝑧) = 1 + 2𝑧 −1 + 𝑧 −2
8. Fig. 2 shows a digital filter designed using the frequency-sampling method. Sketch a z-plane
pole-zero plot for this filter.

1
1− 𝑧 −1
2
9. Consider the system 𝐻(𝑧) = 1 1
(1− 𝑧 −1 )(1+ 𝑧 −1 )
4 4
Draw all possible realizations of the system.
10. Use the bilinear transformation to convert the analog filter with system function
𝑠 + 0.1
𝐻(𝑠) =
(𝑠 + 0.1)2 + 9
Into a digital IIR filter. Select T=0.1 sec and compare the location of the zeros in 𝐻(𝑧) with
the locations of zeros obtained by applying the impulse invariance method in the conversion
of 𝐻(𝑠).
11. An ideal analog integrator is described by the system function 𝐻(𝑠). A digital integrator with
the system function 𝐻(𝑧).
(a) Obtain 𝐻(𝑧) by using the bilinear transformation.
(b) Write the difference equation for the digital integrator relating the input 𝑥(𝑛) to the
output 𝑦(𝑛).
𝑑𝑥(𝑡)
12. The ideal analog differentiator is described by 𝑦(𝑡) = where 𝑥(𝑡) is the input and 𝑦(𝑡)
𝑑𝑡
the output signal.
(a) Determine its frequency response by exciting the system with the input 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 𝑗2𝜋𝐹𝑡 .
(b) Determine the magnitude and phase response of an ideal analog differentiator.
(c) The ideal differentiator is defined by
𝐻(𝑤) = 𝑗𝑤, |𝑤| ≤ 𝜋
Justify this definition by comparing the frequency response |𝐻(𝑤)|, phase of 𝐻(𝑤) with
that in part (b).
(d) By computing the frequency response 𝐻(𝑤), show that the discrete-time system
𝑦(𝑛) = 𝑥(𝑛) − 𝑥(𝑛 − 1)
is a good approximation of a differentiator at low frequencies.
(e) Compute the response of the system to the input
𝑥(𝑛) = 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑤0 𝑛 + 𝜃)

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