WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

Science 10, Quarter 2, Week 6

LIGHT: PLANE MIRRORS

Name: Section:

Most Essential Learning Competency:

1. Predict the qualitative characteristics (orientation, type, and magnification) of images

formed by plane and curved mirrors and lenses (S10FE-IIg-50)

Learning Objectives:
a. Compare the actual height and the distance of the object from the mirror with that of
the image formed by plane mirror.
b. Distinguish which ray illustrates the Law of Reflection
c. Show an understanding of reversal effect in mirrors by writing laterally inverted letters
and words.
d. Identify the relationship between the number of images formed and the angle between
the two mirrors.
Time Allotment: 250 minutes
Key Concepts

 Reflection is the bouncing off of light rays when it hits a

surface like a plane mirror.

 Incident Ray. The ray of light approaching the mirror

represented by an arrow approaching an optical element
like mirrors.
 Reflected Ray. The ray of light which leaves the mirror and
is represented by an arrow pointing away from the mirror.
 Normal Line. An imaginary line (labeled N in Figure 1) that
can be drawn perpendicular to the surface of the mirror at Science 10, Learners’ Material, p. 175
the point of incidence where the ray strikes the
mirror. Figure 1. Reflection of a Light Ray on a Plane Mirror
 The angle between the incident ray and the
normal line is known as the angle of incidence, Өi. The angle between the reflected ray
and the normal line is known as the angle of reflection, Өr.
 Law of Reflection states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. It
also follows that the incident ray and reflected ray lie on the same plane.
 In plane mirrors, the object’s (p) and image’s (q) distance from the mirror is equal. However,
the image appears as if it is behind the mirror but actually not, so the image is virtual. The
value therefore of image distance (q) is negative. The height of the image (h’) in plane mirrors
is always the same as the height of the object, thus its magnification, M is 1. The
magnification formula is written below:

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 Activity 1. Object vs. Image
What you need:
 Sheet of paper
 Pen/Pencil
What to do:
1. Based on the table below answer the following questions.

Table 1. Distance and height of Object and Image in a Plane Mirror

Object’s distance Image’s distance Object’s height Image’s height
Object from the mirror from the mirror (cm) (cm)
(cm) (cm)
1 10 10 5.7 5.7
2 13 13 8 8
3 12 12 4 4

Q1. How would you compare the object’s and image’s distance from the mirror?

Q2. How would you compare the object’s and image’s height in a plane mirror?

Q3. Examine the data presented in the table above. What conclusion can you make about the
object and image formed in a plane mirror?

Activity 2. Angle of Incidence vs. Angle of Reflection

What you need:
 Paper
 Pen/Pencil
 Protractor
What to do:
1. As shown in Figure 1, distinguish which reflected rays shown below illustrate the
Law of Reflection and explain.

https://www.showmethephysics.com/home/notes/waves/img45.

Figure 1. Reflected rays at different angles

Key Concepts:
 Mirror Left-Right Reversal
Figure 2 shows a girl combing her hair with her left hand.
However, in her image, you will notice that she is combing her
hair with her right hand. This effect is known as the mirror left-
right reversal. The left side of the object appears as the right
side of the image and the right side appears as the left. This
also explains why the word “AMBULANCE” in an ambulance
Science 10, Learners’ Material, p. 178
car is flipped as
Figure 2. Mirror Left-Right Reversal

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 Activity 3. Mirror Left-Right Reversal

What you need:

 Paper
 Pen/Pencil
 Written Alphabet Chart
 Plane mirror
What to do:
1. In a whole sheet of paper, write all the letters in the alphabet in capital case.
2. In a one-half sheet of paper, write the letters of the alphabet (in capital) that can be
read properly in front of a mirror and form at least 2 words out from these letters.
Example: MOM WOW
3. Write the sentence below on the same sheet of paper in such a way that it can be read
properly in front of a mirror:

HONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY

Key Concepts:
 Multiple images are formed by the reflection that
happens when arranging at least two mirrors. Figure 3
shows the three images of a toy car in front of two
mirrors at 90o. The number of images (N), can be
determined using the formula N = (360/angle between
the mirror) -1. Parallel mirrors on the other hand
produce infinite number of images.
 Reflection does not only happen on a smooth surface
like plane mirrors, but also happens on rough surfaces.
Science 10, Learners’ Material, p. 180
This is why reflection is classified into two types:
Figure 3. Multiple Images Formed by
Specular reflection and Diffused reflection. Two Plane Mirrors at 90o Angle
 Specular/Regular Reflection This is a reflection of light
on smooth surfaces such as mirrors or a calm body of water. An example of this is the image
of the Mayon volcano on a calm water shown in Figure 4b.

Science 10, Learners’ Material, p. 180

Figure 4. Specular Reflection. (a) Parallel light rays reflect in one direction
(b) Mayon Volcano and its reflection on calm water

 Diffused/Irregular Reflection This is a reflection of light on rough surfaces such as

clothing, paper, wavy water, and the asphalt roadway. An example of this is the image of a
mountain on a wavy body of water as shown in Figure 5b.

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 Science 10, Learners’ Material, p. 181

Figure 5. Diffuse Reflection. (a) Parallel light rays reflect in different directions.
(b) A mountain and its reflection on wavy water.

Activity 4. Multiple Images

What you need:

 Pen
 Paper
 Calculator
What to do:
1. Complete the table below using the formula N = (360/Ө) - 1, (where N is the number of
images formed by the reflection that happens when arranging two mirrors and Ө is the
angle between the two mirrors).
Table 3. Number of Images formed
Angle (Ө) Number of Images
(N)
90o
60o
45o
30o
120o

Q1. Refer to Table 3. What relationship exists between the number of images formed and
the angle between two mirrors?

Reflection

Give practical applications of mirrors in real-life situation. Write your 5-sentence answer in a
separate sheet of paper.

RUBRIC for Scoring

3 – Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the concepts, and
has no misconceptions.
2 – Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the concepts but
with minimal misconception.
1 – Practical application is explained consistent to the concepts but with
misconceptions.

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References for learners:

Books

Acosta, H. D., Alvarez, L. A., Angeles, D. G., Arre, R. D., Carmona, M. P., Garcia, A. S., . . . Salazar, N. G. (2015).
Science 10, Learner's Material Unit 2 (First ed.). Pasig City, Philippines: Department of Education

Acosta, H. D., Alvarez, L. A., Angeles, D. G., Arre, R. D., Carmona, M. P., Garcia, A. S., . . . Salazar, N. G. (2015).
Science 10, Teacher’s Guide Unit 2 (First ed.). Pasig City, Philippines: Department of Education.

Photo (snipped from the sources below)

Acosta, H. D., Alvarez, L. A., Angeles, D. G., Arre, R. D., Carmona, M. P., Garcia, A. S., . . . Salazar, N. G. (2015).
Science 10, Learner's Material Unit 2 (First ed.). Pasig City, Philippines: Department of Education

Acosta, H. D., Alvarez, L. A., Angeles, D. G., Arre, R. D., Carmona, M. P., Garcia, A. S., . . . Salazar, N. G. (2015).
Science 10, Teacher’s Guide Unit 2 (First ed.). Pasig City, Philippines: Department of Education.

“Reflected rays” Showmethephysics.com, Accessed November 27, 2020

https://www.showmethephysics.com/home/notes/waves/img45.gif

Answer Key
Answers to Guide Questions

is true with height: Object’s romheight and image’s height is equal.

the mirror is equal. The same
Q3. In a plane mirror, the distances of object and image f
idth of the image as seen from the plane mirror.
Q2. The height of the object is the same as the height and w as the distance of the image from the mirror.
Q1. The distance of the object from the mirror is the same
Activity 1:

reflecte
of al d ray from the normal line.
line is equal to that of the angle
Reflected Ray C. The angle of incident ray from the norm
Activity 2:

3.

t a mirror are MOM, WOW, TOO

TIT, etc.
TH,TAT,
Some words that can be read properly both with a mirror and withou
of the mirror are A,H,I,M,O,T,U,V,W,X,Y
2. The letters of the alphabet that can be read properly in front
Activity 3:

ases
between the mirrors increases, the number of images formed decre
er of images increases. Conversely, as the angle
Q1. As the angle between two mirrors decreases, the numb
Activity 4: