Aops Community 2014 Nimo Problems

AoPS Community 2014 NIMO Problems
NIMO Problems 2014

www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4092
by v Enhance, vinayak-kumar, james4l, JSGandora, BOGTRO, ahaanomegas
– Winter Contest
1 Find, with proof, all real numbers x satisfying x = 2 (2 (2 (2 (2x − 1) − 1) − 1) − 1) − 1.

Proposed by Evan Chen
2 Determine, with proof, the smallest positive integer c such that for any positive integer n, the
decimal representation of the number cn + 2014 has digits all less than 5.
3 The numbers 1, 2, . . . , 10 are written on a √

board. Every minute, one can select three numbers
a, b, c on the board, erase them, and write a2 + b2 + c2 in their place. This process continues
until no more numbers can be erased. What is the largest possible number that can remain on
the board at this point?
4 Prove that there exist integers a, b, c with 1 ≤ a < b < c ≤ 25 and
S(a6 + 2014) = S(b6 + 2014) = S(c6 + 2014)
where S(n) denotes the sum of the decimal digits of n.

5 Let ABC be an acute triangle with orthocenter H and let M be the midpoint of BC. (The ortho-
center is the point at the intersection of the three altitudes.) Denote by ωB the circle passing
through B, H, and M , and denote by ωC the circle passing through C, H, and M . Lines AB and
AC meet ωB and ωC again at P and Q, respectively. Rays P H and QH meet ωC and ωB again
at R and S, respectively. Show that 4BRS and 4CRS have the same area.
Proposed by Aaron Lin
6 Let ϕ(k) denote the numbers of positive integers less than or equal to k and relatively prime
to k. Prove that for some positive integer n,
1
ϕ(2n − 1) + ϕ(2n + 1) < ϕ(2n).
1000
© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 1

7 Let ABC be a triangle and let Q be a point such that AB ⊥ QB and AC ⊥ QC. A circle
with center I is inscribed in 4ABC, and is tangent to BC, CA and AB at points D, E, and F ,
respectively. If ray QI intersects EF at P , prove that DP ⊥ EF .
8 Define the function ξ : Z2 → Z by ξ(n, k) = 1 when n ≤ k and ξ(n, k) = −1 when n > k, and
construct the polynomial
1000
Y 1000
!
X
P (x1 , . . . , x1000 ) = ξ(n, k)xk .
n=1 k=1
(a) Determine the coefficient of x1 x2 . . . x1000 in P .

(b) Show that if x1 , x2 , . . . , x1000 ∈ {−1, 1} then P (x1 , x2 , . . . , x1000 ) = 0.
– Monthly Contests
Day 11 January 31st
1 Define Hn = 1 + 12 + · · · + n1 . Let the sum of all Hn that are terminating in base 10 be S. If

S = m/n where m and n are relatively prime positive integers, find 100m + n.
Proposed by Lewis Chen
2 In the game of Guess the Card, two players each have a 12 chance of winning and there is ex-
actly one winner. Sixteen competitors stand in a circle, numbered 1, 2, . . . , 16 clockwise. They
participate in an 4-round single-elimination tournament of Guess the Card. Each round, the ref-
eree randomly chooses one of the remaining players, and the players pair off going clockwise,
starting from the chosen one; each pair then plays Guess the Card and the losers leave the
circle. If the probability that players 1 and 9 face each other in the last round is mn where m, n
are positive integers, find 100m + n.
3 Call an integer k debatable if the number of odd factors of k is a power of two. What is the
largest positive integer n such that there exists n consecutive debatable numbers? (Here, a
power of two is defined to be any number of the form 2m , where m is a nonnegative integer.)

4 Let a, b, c be positive reals for which
(a + b)(a + c) = bc + 2
(b + c)(b + a) = ca + 5
(c + a)(c + b) = ab + 9
If abc = m
n for relatively prime positive integers m and n, compute 100m + n.
5 In triangle ABC, sin A sin B sin C = 1

1000 and AB · BC · CA = 1000. What is the area of triangle
ABC?
6 Suppose we wish to pick a random integer between 1 and N inclusive by flipping a fair coin.
One way we can do this is through generating a random binary decimal between 0 and 1, then
multiplying the result by N and taking the ceiling. However, this would take an infinite amount
of time. We therefore stopping the flipping process after we have enough flips to determine
the ceiling of the number. For instance, if N = 3, we could conclude that the number is 2 after
flipping .0112 , but .0102 is inconclusive.
Suppose N = 2014. The expected number of flips for such a process is m
n where m, n are
relatively prime positive integers, find 100m + n.
7 Let P (n) be a polynomial of degree m with integer coefficients, where m ≤ 10. Suppose that
P (0) = 0, P (n) has m distinct integer roots, and P (n) + 1 can be factored as the product of
two nonconstant polynomials with integer coefficients. Find the sum of all possible values of
P (2).
8 The side lengths of 4ABC are integers with no common factor greater than 1. Given that
∠B = 2∠C and AB < 600, compute the sum of all possible values of AB.
Proposed by Eugene Chen
Day 12 February 24th
1 You drop a 7 cm long piece of mechanical pencil lead on the oor. A bully takes the lead and
breaks it at a random point into two pieces. A piece of lead is unusable if it is 2 cm or shorter. If
the expected value of the number of usable pieces afterwards is m n for relatively prime positive
integers m and n, compute 100m + n.

2 Let ABC be an equilateral triangle. Denote by D the midpoint of BC, and denote the√ circle
with diameter AD by Ω. If the region inside Ω and outside 4ABC has area 800π − 600 3, find
the length of AB.
3 In land of Nyemo, the unit of currency is called a quack. The citizens use coins that are worth
1, 5, 25, and 125 quacks. How many ways can someone pay o 125 quacks using these coins?
4 Let S be the set of integers which are both a multiple of 70 and a factor of 630,000. A random
element c of S is selected. If the probability that there exists an integer d with gcd(c, d) = 70
and lcm(c, d) = 630,000 is m
n for some relatively prime integers m and n, compute 100m + n.
5 Triangle ABC has sidelengths AB = 14, BC = 15, and CA = 13. We draw a circle with diam-
eter AB such that it passes BC again at D and passes CA again at E. If the circumradius of
4CDE can be expressed as m n where m, n are coprime positive integers, determine 100m + n.
6 Let N = 106 . For which integer a with 0 ≤ a ≤ N − 1 is the value of

N N
−
a+1 a
maximized?
7 Find the sum of all integers n with 2 ≤ n ≤ 999 and the following property: if x and y are
randomly selected without replacement from the set {1, 2, . . . , n}, then x + y is even with prob-
ability p, where p is the square of a rational number.
Proposed by Ivan Koswara
8 Let a, b, c, d be complex numbers satisfying
5=a+b+c+d
125 = (5 − a)4 + (5 − b)4 + (5 − c)4 + (5 − d)4
1205 = (a + b)4 + (b + c)4 + (c + d)4 + (d + a)4 + (a + c)4 + (b + d)4
25 = a4 + b4 + c4 + d4

Compute abcd.
Day 13 March 24th
1 Let η(m) be the product of all positive integers that divide m, including 1 and m. If η(η(η(10))) =
10n , compute n.
Proposed by Kevin Sun
2 Two points A and B are selected independently and uniformly at random along the perimeter of
a unit square with vertices at (0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1), and (1, 1). The probability that the y-coordinate
of A is strictly greater than the y-coordinate of B can be expressed as m n , where m and n are
relatively prime positive integers. Compute 100m + n.
Proposed by Rajiv Movva
3 Find the number of positive integers n with exactly 1974 factors such that no prime greater
than 40 divides n, and n ends in one of the digits 1, 3, 7, 9. (Note that 1974 = 2 · 3 · 7 · 47.)
Proposed by Yonah Borns-Weil
4 A black bishop and a white king are placed randomly on a 2000 × 2000 chessboard (in distinct
squares). Let p be the probability that the bishop attacks the king (that is, the bishop and king
lie on some common diagonal of the board). Then p can be expressed in the form m n , where m
and n are relatively prime positive integers. Compute m.
Proposed by Ahaan Rungta
5 Let a positive integer n be nice if there exists a positive integer m such that
n3 < 5mn < n3 + 100.
Find the number of nice positive integers.

Proposed by Akshaj
6 Let P (x) be a polynomial with real coefficients such that P (12) = 20 and
(x − 1) · P (16x) = (8x − 1) · P (8x)
holds for all real numbers x. Compute the remainder when P (2014) is divided by 1000.
Proposed by Alex Gu

7 Let N denote the number of ordered pairs of sets (A, B) such that A ∪ B is a size-999 subset
of {1, 2, . . . , 1997} and (A ∩ B) ∩ {1, 2} = {1}. If m and k are integers such that 3m 5k divides
N , compute the the largest possible value of m + k.
Proposed by Michael Tang
8 Triangle ABC lies entirely in the first quadrant of the Cartesian plane, and its sides have slopes
63, 73, 97. Suppose the curve V with equation y = (x + 3)(x2 + 3) passes through the vertices
of ABC. Find the sum of the slopes of the three tangents to V at each of A, B, C.
Proposed by Akshaj
Day 14 May 15th
1 Let A, B, C, D be four points on a line in this order. Suppose that AC = 25, BD = 40, and
AD = 57. Compute AB · CD + AD · BC.
2 In the Generic Math Tournament, 99 people participate. One of the participants, Alfred, scores
16th in Algebra, 30th in Combinatorics, and 23rd in Geometry (and does not tie with anyone).
The overall ranking is computed by adding the scores from all three tests. Given this informa-
tion, let B be the best ranking that Alfred could have achieved, and let W be the worst ranking
that he could have achieved. Compute 100B + W .
3 In triangle ABC, we have AB = AC = 20 and BC = 14. Consider points M on AB and N on

AC. If the minimum value of the sum BN + M N + M C is x, compute 100x.
4 Define the infinite products

∞ ∞
Y 1 Y 1
A= 1 − 3 and B = 1+ .
n n(n + 1)
i=2 i=1
If A
B = m
n where m, n are relatively prime positive integers, determine 100m + n.
5 Find the largest integer n for which 2n divides

2 4 6 128
... .
1 2 3 64

6 10 students are arranged in a row. Every minute, a new student is inserted in the row (which
can occur in the front and in the back as well, hence 11 possible places) with a uniform 111
probability of each location. Then, either the frontmost or the backmost student is removed
from the row (each with a 12 probability).
Suppose you are the eighth in the line from the front. The probability that you exit the row from
the front rather than the back is m
n , where m and n are relatively prime positive integers. Find
100m + n.
7 Ana and Banana play a game. First, Ana picks a real number p with 0 ≤ p ≤ 1. Then, Banana
picks an integer h greater than 1 and creates a spaceship with h hit points. Now every minute,
Ana decreases the spaceship’s hit points by 2 with probability 1 − p, and by 3 with probability
p. Ana wins if and only if the number of hit points is reduced to exactly 0 at some point (in
particular, if the spaceship has a negative number of hit points at any time then Ana loses).
Given that Ana and Banana select p and h optimally, compute the integer closest to 1000p.
8 Let x be a positive real number. Define

∞ ∞ ∞
X x3k X x3k+1 X x3k+2
A= , B= , and C = .
(3k)! (3k + 1)! (3k + 2)!
k=0 k=0 k=0
Given that A3 + B 3 + C 3 + 8ABC = 2014, compute ABC.

Day 15 September 14th
1 Let ABC be a triangle with AB = 13, BC = 14, and CA = 15. Let D be the point inside triangle
ABC with the property that BD ⊥ CD and AD ⊥ BC. Then the length AD can be expressed
√
in the form m − n, where m and n are positive integers. Find 100m + n.
Proposed by Michael Ren
2 In the figure below, how many ways are there to select two squares which do not share an
edge?

3 Let S = {1, 2, . . . , 2014}. Suppose that

X
i|T | = p + qi
T ⊆S
√
where p and q are integers, i = −1, and the summation runs over all 22014 subsets of S. Find
the remainder when |p| + |q| is divided by 1000. (Here |X| denotes the number of elements in a
set X.)
Proposed by David Altizio
4 Points A, B, C, and D lie on a circle such that chords AC and BD intersect at a point E inside
the circle. Suppose that ∠ADE = ∠CBE = 75◦ , BE = 4, and DE = 8. The value of AB 2 can
√
be written in the form a + b c for positive integers a, b, and c such that c is not divisible by the
square of any prime. Find a + b + c.
Proposed by Tony Kim
5 Let r, s, t be the roots of the polynomial x3 + 2x2 + x − 7. Then

1 1 1 m
1+ 2
1+ 2
1+ 2
=
(r + 2) (s + 2) (t + 2) n
for relatively prime positive integers m and n. Compute 100m + n.
Proposed by Justin Stevens
6 For all positive integers k, define f (k) = k 2 + k + 1. Compute the largest positive integer n such
that 2
2015f (12 )f (22 ) · · · f (n2 ) ≥ f (1)f (2) · · · f (n) .
7 Find the sum of the prime factors of 67208001, given that 23 is one.
Proposed by Justin Stevens

8 For positive integers a, b, and c, define

abc
f (a, b, c) = .
gcd(a, b, c) · lcm(a, b, c)
We say that a positive integer n is f @ if there exist pairwise distinct positive integers x, y, z ≤
60 that satisfy f (x, y, z) = n. How many f @ integers are there?
Day 16
1 For any interval A in the real number line not containing zero, define its reciprocal to be the set
of numbers of the form x1 where x is an element in A. Compute the number of ordered pairs of
positive integers (m, n) with m < n such that the length of the interval [m, n] is 1010 times the
length of its reciprocal.
2 Let 0◦ ≤ α, β, γ ≤ 90◦ be angles such that
sin α − cos β = tan γ
sin β − cos α = cot γ

Compute the sum of all possible values of γ in degrees.
3 Let ABCD be a square with side length 2. Let M and N be the midpoints of BC and CD
respectively, and let X and Y be the feet of the perpendiculars from A to M D and N B, also
respectively. The square of the length of segment XY can be written in the form pq where p
and q are positive relatively prime integers. What is 100p + q?
4 Let a and b be positive real numbers such that ab = 2 and

a b 7
2
+ 2
= .
a+b b+a 8
Find a6 + b6 .
5 A positive integer N greater than 1 is described as special if in its base-8 and base-9 repre-
sentations, both the leading and ending digit of N are equal to 1. What is the smallest special
integer in decimal representation?

6 Bob is making partitions of 10, but he hates even numbers, so he splits 10 up in a special way.
He starts with 10, and at each step he takes every even number in the partition and replaces it
with a random pair of two smaller positive integers that sum to that even integer. For example,
6 could be replaced with 1 + 5, 2 + 4, or 3 + 3 all with equal probability. He terminates this
process when all the numbers in his list are odd. The expected number of integers in his list at
the end can be expressed in the form m n , where m and n are relatively prime positive integers.
Compute 100m + n.
7 Let 4ABC have AB = 6, BC = 7, and CA = 8, and denote by ω its circumcircle. Let N be a

point on ω such that AN is a diameter of ω. Furthermore, let the tangent to ω at A intersect
BC at T , and let the second intersection point of N T with ω be X. The length of AX can be
written in the form √mn for positive integers m and n, where n is not divisible by the square of
any prime. Find 100m + n.
8 Let p = 216 + 1 be a prime. A sequence of 216 positive integers {an } is monotonically bounded
if 1 ≤ ai ≤ i for all 1 ≤ i ≤ 216 . We say that a term ak in the sequence with 2 ≤ k ≤ 216 − 1 is
a mountain if ak is greater than both ak−1 and ak+1 . Evan writes out all possible monotonically
bounded sequences. Let N be the total number of mountain terms over all such sequences
he writes. Find the remainder when N is divided by p.
– April Fool’s
– April 1st
1 How many ways are there to fill the 2 × 2 grid below with 0’s and 1’s such that no row or column
has duplicate entries?
2 I’m thinking of a five-letter word that rhymes with “angry” and “hungry”. What is it?

3
4 Let n be largest number such that
2014100! − 2011100!
3n
is still an integer. Compute the remainder when 3n is divided by 1000.
5 Let ABC be a triangle with AB = 130, BC = 140, CA = 150. Let G, H, I, O, N , K, L be the

centroid, orthocenter, incenter, circumenter, nine-point center, the symmedian point, and the
de Longchamps point. Let D, E, F be the feet of the altitudes of A, B, C on the sides BC, CA,
AB. Let X, Y , Z be the A, B, C excenters and let U , V , W denote the midpoints of IX, IY ,
IZ (i.e. the midpoints of the arcs of (ABC).) Let R, S, T denote the isogonal conjugates of
the midpoints of AD, BE, CF . Let P and Q denote the images of G and H under an inversion
around the circumcircle of ABC followed by a dilation at O with factor 12 , and denote by M the
midpoint of P Q. Then let J be a point such that JKLM is a parallelogram. Find the perimeter
of the convex hull of the self-intersecting 17-gon LET ST RADEBIT COIN S to the nearest
integer. A diagram has been included but may not be to scale.

6 We know Z210 ∼
= Z2 × Z3 × Z5 × Z7 .
Moreover,
53 ≡ 1 (mod 2)
53 ≡ 2 (mod 3)
53 ≡ 3 (mod 5)
53 ≡ 4 (mod 7).
Let  
53 158 53
M =  23 93 53  .
50 170 53
Based on the above, find (M mod 2)(M mod 3)(M mod 5)(M mod 7).
7 Evaluate the following: http://internetolympiad.org/archive/2014/AprilFools/foreign_

lang.txt

8 Three of the below entries, with labels a, b, c, are blatantly incorrect (in the United States).
What is a2 + b2 + c2 ?
041. The Gentleman’s Alliance Cross
042. Glutamine (an amino acid)
051. Grant Nelson and Norris Windross
052. A compact region at the center of a galaxy
061. The value of ’wat’-1. (See https://www.destroyallsoftware.com/talks/wat.)
062. Threonine (an amino acid)
071. Nintendo Gamecube
072. Methane and other gases are compressed
081. A prank or trick
082. Three carbons
091. Australia’s second largest local government area
092. Angoon Seaplane Base
101. A compressed archive file format
102. Momordica cochinchinensis
111. Gentaro Takahashi
112. Nat Geo
121. Ante Christum Natum
122. The supreme Siberian god of death
131. Gnu C Compiler
132. My TeX Shortcut for ∠.
9 This is an ARML Super Relay! I’m sure you know how this works! You start from#1 and#15 and
meet in the middle.
We are going to require you to solve all 15 problems, though – so for the entire task, submit
the sum of all the answers, rather than just the answer to#8.
Also, uhh, we can’t actually find the slip for#1. Sorry about that. Have fun anyways!
Problem 2.
Let T = T N Y W R. Find the number of way to distribute 6 indistinguishable pieces of candy
to T hungry (and distinguishable) schoolchildren, such that each child gets at most one piece
of candy.
Problem 3.
Let T = T N Y W R. If d is the largest proper divisor of T , compute 21 d.
Problem 4.
Let T = T N Y W R and flip 4 fair coins. Suppose the probability that at most T heads appear
is m
n , where m and n are coprime positive integers. Compute m + n.

Problem 5.
Let T = T N Y W R. Compute the last digit of T T in base 10.
Problem 6.
is m
Problem 7.
Let T = T N Y W R. Compute the smallest prime p for which nT 6≡ n (mod p) for some integer
n.
Problem 8.
Let M and N be the two answers received, with M ≤ N . Compute the number of integer
√
quadruples (w, x, y, z) with w + x + y + z = M wxyz and 1 ≤ w, x, y, z ≤ N .
Problem 9.
Let T = T N Y W R. Compute the smallest integer n with n ≥ 2 such that n is coprime to T + 1,
and there exists positive integers a, b, c with a2 + b2 + c2 = n(ab + bc + ca).
Problem 10.
is m
Problem 11.
Let T = T N Y W R. Compute the last digit of T T in base 10.
Problem 12.
is m
Problem 13.
Let T = T N Y W R. If d is the largest proper divisor of T , compute 21 d.
Problem 14.
Let T = T N Y W R. Compute the number of way to distribute 6 indistinguishable pieces of
candy to T hungry (and distinguishable) schoolchildren, such that each child gets at most
one piece of candy.
Also, we can’t find the slip for#15, either. We think the SFBA coaches stole it to prevent us
from winning the Super Relay, but that’s not going to stop us, is it? We have another#15 slip
that produces an equivalent answer. Here you go!
Problem 15.
Let A, B, C be the answers to#8,#9,#10. Compute gcd(A, C) · B.
– Summer Contest
– August 23rd

1 Compute 1 + 2 · 34 .
2 How many 2 × 2 × 2 cubes must be added to a 8 × 8 × 8 cube to form a 12 × 12 × 12 cube?

√
3 A square and equilateral triangle have the same perimeter. If the triangle has area 16 3, what
is the area of the square?
4 Let n be a positive integer. Determine the smallest possible value of 1−n+n2 −n3 +· · ·+n1000 .
5 We have a five-digit positive integer N . We select every pair of digits of N (and keep them in
order) to obtain the 52 = 10 numbers 33, 37, 37, 37, 38, 73, 77, 78, 83, 87. Find N .

6 Suppose x is a random real number between 1 and 4, and y is a random real number between
1 and 9. If the expected value of
dlog2 xe − blog3 yc
can be expressed as m
n where m and n are relatively prime positive integers, compute 100m+n.
7 Evaluate
9 9 9
1 XXX
(abc + ab + bc + ca + a + b + c) .
729
a=1 b=1 c=1
8 Aaron takes a square sheet of paper, with one corner labeled A. Point P is chosen at random
inside of the square and Aaron folds the paper so that points A and P coincide. He cuts the
sheet along the crease and discards the piece containing A. Let p be the probability that the
remaining piece is a pentagon. Find the integer nearest to 100p.
9 Two players play a game involving an n×n grid of chocolate. Each turn, a player may either eat
a piece of chocolate (of any size), or split an existing piece of chocolate into two rectangles

along a grid-line. The player who moves last loses. For how many positive integers n less than
1000 does the second player win?
(Splitting a piece of chocolate refers to taking an a × b piece, and breaking it into an (a − c) × b
and a c × b piece, or an a × (b − d) and an a × d piece.)
10 Among 100 points in the plane, no three collinear, exactly 4026 pairs are connected by line seg-
ments. Each point is then randomly assigned an integer from 1 to 100 inclusive, each equally
likely, such that no integer appears more than once. Find the expected value of the number of
segments which join two points whose labels differ by at least 50.
11 Consider real numbers A, B, . . . , Z such that

5 6 7
EV IL = , LOV E = , and IM O = .
31 29 3
If OM O = m
n for relatively prime positive integers m and n, find the value of m + n.
12 Find the sum of all positive integers n such that

2n + 1
n(n − 1)
has a terminating decimal representation.

13 Let α and β be nonnegative integers. Suppose the number of strictly increasing sequences of
integers a0 , a1 , . . . , a2014 satisfying 0 ≤ am ≤ 3m is 2α (2β + 1). Find α.
14 Let ABC be a triangle with circumcenter O and let X, Y , Z be the midpoints of arcs BAC,
ABC, ACB on its circumcircle. Let G and I denote the centroid of 4XY Z and the incenter of
4ABC.
Given that AB = 13, BC = 14, CA = 15, and GO
GI = m
n for relatively prime positive integers m
and n, compute 100m + n.

15 Let A = (0, 0), B = (−1, −1), C = (x, y), and D = (x + 1, y), where x > y are positive integers.
Suppose points A, B, C, D lie on a circle with radius r. Denote by r1 and r2 the smallest and
second smallest possible values of r. Compute r12 + r22 .

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AoPS Community 2014 NIMO Problems

NIMO Problems 2014

1 Find, with proof, all real numbers x satisfying x = 2 (2 (2 (2 (2x − 1) − 1) − 1) − 1) − 1.

3 The numbers 1, 2, . . . , 10 are written on a √

4 Prove that there exist integers a, b, c with 1 ≤ a < b < c ≤ 25 and

S(a6 + 2014) = S(b6 + 2014) = S(c6 + 2014)

where S(n) denotes the sum of the decimal digits of n.

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 1

(a) Determine the coefficient of x1 x2 . . . x1000 in P .

Day 11 January 31st

1 Define Hn = 1 + 12 + · · · + n1 . Let the sum of all Hn that are terminating in base 10 be S. If

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 2

4 Let a, b, c be positive reals for which

5 In triangle ABC, sin A sin B sin C = 1

Day 12 February 24th

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 3

Proposed by Aaron Lin

Proposed by Eugene Chen

Proposed by Lewis Chen

6 Let N = 106 . For which integer a with 0 ≤ a ≤ N − 1 is the value of

8 Let a, b, c, d be complex numbers satisfying

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 4

Day 13 March 24th

n3 < 5mn < n3 + 100.

Find the number of nice positive integers.

(x − 1) · P (16x) = (8x − 1) · P (8x)

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 5

Day 14 May 15th

3 In triangle ABC, we have AB = AC = 20 and BC = 14. Consider points M on AB and N on

4 Define the infinite products

5 Find the largest integer n for which 2n divides

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 6

8 Let x be a positive real number. Define

Given that A3 + B 3 + C 3 + 8ABC = 2014, compute ABC.

Day 15 September 14th

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 7

Proposed by Evan Chen

3 Let S = {1, 2, . . . , 2014}. Suppose that

5 Let r, s, t be the roots of the polynomial x3 + 2x2 + x − 7. Then

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 8

8 For positive integers a, b, and c, define

2 Let 0◦ ≤ α, β, γ ≤ 90◦ be angles such that

sin α − cos β = tan γ

sin β − cos α = cot γ

4 Let a and b be positive real numbers such that ab = 2 and

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 9

Proposed by Michael Ren

7 Let 4ABC have AB = 6, BC = 7, and CA = 8, and denote by ω its circumcircle. Let N be a

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 10

5 Let ABC be a triangle with AB = 130, BC = 140, CA = 150. Let G, H, I, O, N , K, L be the

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7 Evaluate the following: http://internetolympiad.org/archive/2014/AprilFools/foreign_

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2 How many 2 × 2 × 2 cubes must be added to a 8 × 8 × 8 cube to form a 12 × 12 × 12 cube?

Proposed by Lewis Chen

Proposed by Lewis Chen

Proposed by Evan Chen

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11 Consider real numbers A, B, . . . , Z such that

12 Find the sum of all positive integers n such that

has a terminating decimal representation.