Design of A Slot Antenna For Future 5G Wireless Communication Systems

2017 Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium — Spring (PIERS), St Petersburg, Russia, 22–25 May
Design of a Slot Antenna for Future 5G Wireless Communication

Systems
Jun Long Li, Miao Hui Luo, and Hui Liu
Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics
South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
Abstract— In this study, a square-shaped slot antenna is designed for the future fifth gener-
ation (5G) wireless applications. The antenna has a compact size of 0.64λg × 0.64λg at 38 GHz,
which consists of ellipse shaped radiating patch fed by a 50 Ω micro-strip line on the Rogers
RT5880 substrates. A rectangle shaped slot is etched in the ground plane to enhance the an-
tenna bandwidth. In order to obtain better impedance matching bandwidth of the antennas,
some small circular radiating patches are added to the square-shaped slot. Simulations show
that the measured impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna ranges from 20 to 42 GHz for
a reflection coefficient of S11 less than −10 dB which is cover 5G bands (28/38 GHz). The pro-
posed antenna provides almost omni-directional patterns, relatively flat gain, and high radiation
efficiency through the frequency band.
1. INTRODUCTION
The mobile and wireless systems have grown dramatically over the last decade, and the mobile com-
munications evolved from analog to digital 2G (GSM) and then to 3G, 3.5G and 4G (LTE) systems
which have high data rate cellular network [1]. The 4G wireless communication systems were de-
signed to satisfy the requirements of International Mobile Telecommunications-Advanced (IMTA)
using IP for all services [2]. A progressive radio interface is used with orthogonal frequency-division
multiplexing (OFDM), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), and link adaptation technologies
in 4G systems. Data rates of 4G wireless communication system is up to 1 Gb/s for low mobility
and even up to 100 Mb/s for high mobility, such as mobile access. Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and
its extension. The LTE-Advanced systems recently have been developed or soon will be developed
all over the world But, the problems and challenges of spectrum scarcity and power consumption
still exist in the 4G system. In order to solve the problem and satisfy the requirement of high data
rate, the need for 5G wireless system will grow quickly. To overcame the challenges the research
on 5G systems is going on and hope to be initiated by 2020 [3].
It will have a significant change and will take a lot of advantages to our life when the fifth
generation (5G) wireless communication system comes. The worldwide wireless web, which will
interconnect the entire world, will be built. We can even connect our phone with intelligent elec-
tronic devices for broadband internet access. The users will experience a very high data rate in
5G communication system. All kinds of advanced features will be used in 5G system which will
contribute wireless communications to be a most powerful tool around the world. For future fifth-
generation (5G) wireless technologies, Millimeter wave (mm Wave) frequency spectrum around
28 GHz, 38 GHz and 73 GHz is under consideration. Then, the performance of 5G network can be
increased more than 20 times than the fourth generation long term evolution (4G-LTE), people will
experience a high level of call volume and data transmission. 5G technology will also offer the high
quality of services in the field of Manufacturing engineering, Transportation industry, electronic
transactions and so on [4].
Millimeter-wave frequencies will be used for Future fifth generation wireless communication
networks (5G). An elliptical-shaped slot antenna for 5G has been proposed in [5] and a Dual Band
CPW Slot Directive Antenna is proposed in [6]. In this paper, a 28/38 GHz square-shaped slot
antenna is designed for the future 5G mobile communication.
2. ANTENNA DESIGN
Based on the study of several parameters, the geometry of new designed square slot antenna is
presented in Fig. 1. The antenna prototype is built on Rogers RT5880 substrate of 0.127 mm
thickness, dielectric constant εr = 2.2 and loss tangent δ = 0.009. The size of this antenna is
0.64λg × 0.64λg at 38 GHz. An elliptically radiating patch of radius Rp = 1.15 is placed inside a
square shaped slot etched off the ground plane. A 50 Ω feed transmission line on the other side
of substrate is used to excite the radiating patch. Ten single circle radiating patches of radius
739
R0 = 0.21 mm is placed inside the square shaped slot in order to improve the impedance matching.
According to some parametric optimization, the dimensions of proposed antenna are provided in
Table 1.
(a) (b)
Figure 1: Geometrical structure of the designed antenna, (a) top view, and (b) bottom view.
Table 1: The dimensions of proposed 5G antenna (mm).
W L B LB Yp YB Rp Rpx R0 LS WS
5 5 3.18 2.24 2.2 2.67 1.15 1.178 0.21 2.3 0.42
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

In this paper, the slot antenna for 5G mobile communication is designed and simulated by the
ANSYS HFSS. The simulated results of the return loss for the proposed antenna are shown in
Fig. 2. The figure reveals that the antenna can cover the dual 5G bands of 28/38 GHz for S11 less
than −10 dB. Fig. 3 shows that the higher frequency band and the position of resonance frequencies
was effected by the tuning of Rp . The simulated of the maximum realized gain for proposed antenna
are displayed in Fig. 4. As it is shown in Fig. 4, the gain is about 4.0 dBi and 5.10 dBi at 28 GHz
and 38 GHz, respectively. Fig. 5 shows the simulated radiation patterns of proposed 5G antenna
at frequencies of 28 GHz and 38 GHz. As it is clearly demonstrated that the radiation patterns of
the proposed slot antenna look like omnidirectional patterns.
Figure 2: Simulated return loss S11 versus frequency Figure 3: Simulated S-parameters of different Rp .
of proposed slot 5G antenna.
In Fig. 3, it reveal that the higher resonant frequency of the antenna will be effected as Rp
increases. Therefore, the high resonant frequency band of the antenna can be improved by the
tuning value of Rp .
740
Figure 4: Simulated maximum realized antenna gain versus frequency of proposed 5G antenna.
(a) (b)
Figure 5: Simulated radiation patterns of proposed 5G antenna at different frequencies, (a) 28 GHz, and (b)
38 GHz.
Figure 4 shows the simulated maximum realized gain of the proposed antenna. The antenna
gains are around 4.0 dBi and 5.1 dBi at 28 GHz and 38 GHz according to Fig. 4 respectively.
4. CONCLUSION
A square-shaped slot antenna for future 5G communication is proposed and researched in this paper.
The simulated result has demonstrated that the proposed antenna has a broadband impedance
bandwidth range from 20 to 42 GHz which covers dual 5G band (28/38 GHz) and has a stable gain
up to 5 dB over the antenna worked bandwidth.
REFERENCES
1. Ying, Z. N., “Antennas in cellular phones for mobile communications,” Proceedings of the
IEEE, Vol. 100, No. 7, 2286–2296, July 2012.
2. Aryaputra, A. and N. Bhuvaneshwari, “5G — The future of mobile network,” Proceedings of
the World Congress on Engineering, Vol. II, October 19–21, 2011.
3. Ali, M. M. M., O. M. Haraz, S. Alshebeili, and A.-R. Sebak, “Design of a 28/32 GHz dual-band
printed slot antenna for the future 5G mobile and wireless communications,” 32nd National
Radio Science Conference NRSC 2015, 1532–1533, Vancouver, BC, Canada, July 19–24, 2015.
4. Li, X., A. Gani, et al., “The future of mobile wireless communication networks,” International
Conference on Communication Software and Networks, 554–557, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,
February 2009.
5. Ali, M. M. M., O. M. Haraz, S. Alshebeili, and A.-R. Sebak, “Broadband printed slot antenna
for the fifth generation (5G) mobile and wireless communications,” 17th International Sym-
posium of Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics (ANTEM 2016), 1–2, Montreal,
QC, Canada, July 10–13, 2016.
6. Ali, M. M. M. and A.-R. Sebak, “Dual band (28/38 GHz) CPW slot directive antenna for future
5G cellular applications,” 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation
(APSURSI), 399–400, Fajardo, PR, USA, June 26–July 1, 2016.
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2017 Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium — Spring (PIERS), St Petersburg, Russia, 22–25 May

Design of a Slot Antenna for Future 5G Wireless Communication

Table 1: The dimensions of proposed 5G antenna (mm).

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

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