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    Jyrell Thermos HAAHHHA

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    Jyrell Sulanting Alim

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Jyrell Thermos HAAHHHA

    Uploaded by

    Jyrell Sulanting Alim
    4 views3 pages

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    4 views3 pages

    Jyrell Thermos HAAHHHA

    Uploaded by

    Jyrell Sulanting Alim

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    IDEAL GAS LAW

    Oxygen gas having a volume of 1000 cm3 at 40.0 C and 1.01 x 105 Pa expands until its
    volume is 1500 cm3 and its pressure is 1.06 x 105 Pa. Find (a) the number of moles of
    oxygen present and (b) the final temperature of the sample.

    Given:
    Oxygen Gas:
    Volume = 1000cm3 and 1500 cm3
    Pressure = 1.01 x 105 Pa and 1.06 x 105
    Gas constant (R) = 8.31J/mol.K
    Temperature = 40.0⁰C
    solve for the number of moles of oxygen present (n)
    Solution:
    In solving the ideal-gas law equation pV = nRT for n, we first convert the temperature to
    the Kelvin scale: Ti  (40.0 273.15) K =313.15 K, and the volume to SI units: V i = 1000
    cm3 = 10-3 m3.

    pV = nRT

    n = pV/RT

    (a) The number of moles of oxygen present is.

    pV
    n= RT
    5 −3 3
    1.01 ×10 Pa(10 m )
    n=
    J
    (8.31 )
    mol . K
    = 3.88 x 10-2 mol.
    (b) the final temperature of the sample.

    Similarly, the ideal gas law pV = nRT leads to

    pV
    n= RT
    5 −3 3
    1.0 6 ×10 Pa(1 .50 0 m )
    Tf= =493.13 K ∨≈ 413 K
    −2 J
    3.88 ×10 (8.31 )
    mol . K

    Therefore, the number of moles of oxygen present is 3.88 x 10-2 mol and the final
    temperature of the sample is 493.13K or approximately 413K.

    TRANSLATIONAL KINETIC ENERGY


    What is the average translational kinetic energy of nitrogen molecules at 1600 K?

    Given:
    NitrogenT = 1600 K

    Solution:

    The average translational kinetic energy is given by kTavg  3/2Kt, where k is the
    Boltzmann constant (1.38  10–23 J/K) and T is the temperature on the Kelvin scale.

    Thus,

    Kave =
    3
    2 (
    1.38× 10−23
    J
    K)(1600 K )

    = 3.31  10–20 J

    Therefore, the average translational kinetic energy of nitrogen molecules at 1600K is


    3.31  10–20 J.

    The Molar Specific Heats of an Ideal Gas

    The mass of a gas molecule can be computed from its specific heat at constant volume
    cV. (Note that this is not CV.) Take cV 0.075 cal/g.C⁰ for argon and calculate (a) the
    mass of an argon atom and (b) the molar mass of argon.

    Given:
    Constant Volume (cV) = 0.075 cal/g.C⁰
    Solution:
    3
    Cv= (R)
    2
    =
    3
    2(8.31
    J
    mol
    .k ( )
    1 cal
    4.186 J
    )

    Cal
    = 2.98 mol . C ⁰

    where we have converted joules to calories and taken advantage of the fact that a
    Celsius degree is equivalent to a unit change on the Kelvin scale. Since (for a given
    substance) M is effectively a conversion factor between grams and moles, we see that
    cV (see units specified in the problem statement) is related to CV by CV = cv M where M =
    mNA, and m is the mass of a single atom.

    (a) the mass of an argon atom

    M C v/ c 2.98 /0.075
    m= = = v

    23
    =6.6 ×10−23 g=6.6× 10−26 kg
    N A N A 6.02 ×10

    (b) (b) the molar mass of argon


    CV 2.98 37 g
    M= = =
    c V 0.075 mol

    Therefore, the mass of an argon atom and the molar mass of an argon is 6.6 ×10−26kg
    and 37g/mol respectively.

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