Hassan Ahmed

‫ هذه االسئلة عينه فقط لبعض‬2024-2023 ‫بعض االمثلة لألسفلة الخاصة بمحاضرات الميكروبيولوجي والمناعة‬
‫االسئلة و ال تغني عن مذاكرة المحاضرات و ال يشترط وجودها بهذه الصورة في االمتحانات النهائية‬
Choose the most correct answer:
1) All the following are cellular EXCEPT
a. Viruses b. Fungi c. Protozoa d. Bacteria
2) Basic shapes of bacteria including
a. Cocci b. Bacilli c. Spirilla d. All the above
3) Viral genome containing
a. Both DNA& RNA b. Only one type of nucleic
c. NO DNA nor RNA d. DNA only
4) The organ of motility in bacteria is
a. Capsule b. Pili c. Flagella d. Bacteria
5) The protein coat surrounds the viruses
a. Capsid b. Envelope c. Cell wall d. Cell membrane
6) All the following concerning fungi are true EXCEPT
a. Eukaryotes b. Uni or multicellular
c. motile d. Absorb organic material from environment
7) All the following are normally sterile sites unless during infection EXCEPT
a. Bladder b. Skin c. Blood d. CSF
8) All the following are advantages of microbial flora EXCEPT
a. Synthesis the vitamins b. Microbial antagonism
c. Production of anti- bacterial chemicals d. Opportunistic infection
9) The relation between normal flora on human skin with human is
a. Mutualism b. Symbiosis c. Commensalism d. Parasitism
10) The host-parasite relationship where host is harmed and the parasite
benefits is:
a. Mutualism b. Symbiosis c. Commensalism d. Parasitism
11) Time between infection and the appearance of signs and symptoms
a. Incubation period b. Convalescence phase
c. Invasive phase d. Phase of illness
12) The transmission of pathogen from contaminated object after touching it
is an example of
a. Direct contact transmission b. Arthropod borne transmission
c. indirect contact transmission d. Indirect bloodborne transmission
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13) Needle stick injury is an example of

a. Direct contact transmission b. Direct bloodborne transmission
c. Indirect contact transmission d. Indirect bloodborne transmission
14) The presence of organism in the patient for very long periods of time
without symptoms are an example of
a. Chronic carriers b. Convalescent carries
c. Intermittent carriers d. Acute case
15) The colonization of MRSA in the nasal cavity of health care worker is an
example about:
a. Convalescent carriers b. Intermittent carriers
c. Chronic carriers d. None of above
16) A patient admitted to the hospital with heart attack then after 72 hours of
hospitalization an infection is detected, this infection is:
a Not nosocomial infection b. There is no infection
c. Health care associated infection d. it is difficult to decide
17) The source of endogenous infection
a. Patient normal flora b. Health care workers
c. other patients d. Contaminated medical equipment
18) Criteria of Health care Associated Infection.
a. Extensions of infections on time of admission b. After 48 hrs of hospital admission
c. Not present at time of admission d. B and C
19) Hand antisepsis is maintained by washing hands with water and antiseptic soap to
remove:
a. Soil and dirt only b. Resident flora only
c. Transient & some resident flora d. Transient & resident flora with persistent effect
20) The type of gloves that can be reused after cleaning and decontamination:
a. All gloves cannot be reused b. Disposable non-sterile gloves
c. Sterile gloves d. Heavy-duty household gloves
21) The last personal protective equipment to put on and the first one to take off are the
a. Gowns b. Gloves
c. Mask's d. Face shield
22) Surgical equipment could be reused after:
a. Cleaning only b. Cleaning and sterilization
c. Cleaning and disinfection d. Cleaning and rubbing with alcohol
23) Hospital waste treatment & disposal could be done by:
a. incineration b. Thermal
c. Irradiative d. All the above
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24) After exposure to needle stick injury the following management should be applied:
a. Cleaning, reporting, testing, then management
b. Reporting, cleaning, testing, then management
d: Management, cleaning, testing; then reporting
c. Management, reporting, cleaning, then testing.
25) Gastrointestinal endoscopes could be reused after
a. Cleaning only b. Cleaning and sterilization
c. Cleaning and disinfection d. Rubbing with alcohol
26) All the following materials are suitable to be sterilized by autoclave EXCEPT
a. Plastic b. Paper
c. Metal containers d. Cloths
27) The disadvantages of ethylene oxide gas including
a. Not for heat sensitive material b. Toxic and carcinogenic
c. Flammable d. b and c
28) All the following disinfectant could be used as antiseptics EXCEPT
a. Alcohol b. Betadine c. Phenol d. Chlorhexidine
29) The specimen that should be immediately transported to the laboratory without any
delay
a. Blood culture b. Urine c. Sputum d. Viral swab
30) All the following are correct about innate immunity EXCEPT
a. Response is non-specific b. No immunological memory
c. Present from birth d. Lag time between exposure and maximal response
31) Gastric acidity is an example of
a. Chemical barrier - external - innate immunity
b, Physical barrier- external -innate immunity
c. Chemical barrier- adaptive immunity
d. Chemical barrier -internal -innate immunity
32) Vaccination is an example of
a. Natural active immunity b. Artificial active Immunity
c. Natural passive immunity d. Artificial passive immunity
33) A method of preservation of certain types of bacterial allows Them to survive and resist
non suitable environmental Conditions.
a. Endospores b. Capsule
c. Cytoplasm d. all the above
34-All of the following are essential structures of bacteria except:

A. Cytoplasm b. Spores c. DNA d. Cell wall

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35-Sterilization by autoclave is carried out at

a- 121 c for 15 to 20 minutes b-80 c degrees for 30 minutes
C- 100 c for 30 minutes d-160 c for 60 minutes
36- when collecting sputum specimens, health professionals should use
…….. as droplets and aerosols may be generated
a. full PPE b. Mask only
c. Gloves only d. No thing

Put True or False:

1- Bacteria are prokaryotic unicellular microscopic organisms ( )
2- Most bacteria multiply by binary fission where they increased in size ( )
3- Flagella and pili are filamentous present on the surface of viruses( )
4- Viruses can replicate by their own ( )
5-In the convalescence phase individuals may still be able to transmit pathogens to
others ( )
6- Horizontal transmission is the transferer of pathogen from mother to her baby ( )
7- Standard precautions are recommended for only highly transmissible pathogens
( )
8- In contact isolation the health care workers should wear gloves and gowns, while
patients should wear surgical masks ( )
9- After bacterial infection, T cells are cell mediated responsible for the secretion of
antibodies ( )
10-Antibiotics could be used in the treatment of viral infection ( )
11- Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common type of infection in hospitals ( )
12- Anatomical and pathological wastes should be disposed in a puncture resistant
container ( )
13- Samples should be collected before starting antibiotic therapy ( )
14- Biological indicators in autoclaves are used to monitor spores weekly ( )
16- In The Convalescence Phase There is no symptoms, The body recovered, and Individuals
not able to transmit Pathogens to others. ( )
15- standard precautions are the primary strategy to prevent HAL and they are applied to
all patients ( )
16- Hand hygiene is important before wearing the gloves only ( )
17- over shoes are very important to protect HCW skin from exposure to blood ( )
18- Masks could be replaced with Face shield ( )
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19- Needs, and syringes are sterile single use items They should not be reused For
another Patient but could be reused For the Same Patients. ( )
20-Chemical indicators gran Examine presence of Spares ( )
21-heat sterilization example of chemical sterilization ( )
22- formaldehyde example of liquid chemical ( )
23-autoclave example of dry heat ( )
24-Bacteriostatic antibiotic can kill bacteria. ( )
25-Broad spectrum drug affects either of Gram positive or Negative bacteria ( )
26-all Antiviral Drug toxic to virus only [ ]
27-SSI a occurs in 3 days after operative procedure [ ]
28-endogenous sources Most common SSI [ ]
29- hair shaving is Ideal razors Removing hair before operation [ ]
30- clipping of incision over week before Operation [ ]
31- operating room must be neg Pressure [ ]
32-Surgical instrument Must the disinfectants [ ]
33-all that is below Patient level considered sterile [ ]
34-UTI occurs in option who had indwelling urinary in place within 27 hours [ ]
35-use antibiotic before insertion of during use [ ]
Answer the following questions:
1-Is an infection Meating the following criteria?
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2- What are the stages of infectious disease?
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3- Why carriers present a risk of disease transmission in the healthcare setting?

4- Enumerate the chain of infection components in the right order.

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5- What are the five moments of hand hygiene?
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6- What are the stages of medical waste disposal?

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7-Viruses intracellular obligate parasites cause of resistance antibiotic e.g?
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8- SSI bundle?
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9-Types of catheters?
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10-CAUTI Bundle?
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11-types of IV catheter?
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12-Catheter replacement PVC?
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13-Catheter replacement CVC?

14-Central Line Bundle?

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15-Personal protective equipment?

Complete:
1- chromosomes of prokaryotic cell (………, …….…, …….…) while Of Eukaryotic cell
(………., ……..…)
2- sauce of energy in prokaryotic: ………...… while in eukaryotic: ………
3- shapes of bacteria: ………, ………, ………
4- Reproduction in bacteria by ………………
5- function is flagella ……… while Pili ………
6- Types normal flora: ………………, …………
7-Types of carriers: ………………………, ………………, ………………
8-example of disinfectants: ………………, ………………, ………………
9-use pure alcohol for disinfectants: ………………………………
10-Animal Reservoirs means: ………………………
11-The immune system is divided into: ………………………
12- adaptive immunity: ………………, ………………
13-Function system is: ………………………
14-phagocytic cells: ………………, ………………
15-adaptive immune system is: ………………, ………………
16-Antibiotic cell wall synthesis e.g (………………, ………………)
17-Antibiotic protein synthesis e.g (………….……, ……………….…, ………..………, ………………………)
18-of nucleic acid synthesis e.g (………………………, ………………………)
19-of folic acid for DNA synthesis e.g (………………………, ………………………)
 Hassan Ahmed

Definitions:
1-Def normal flora:

2-Def Pathogen:

3-Def Host:

4-Def Colonization:

5-Def Infection:

6-Def chain of infection:

7-Def carrier:

8-Def Cleaning:

9-Def of Antiseptic:

10-Def of Disinfection:

11-def sterilization:

12-Def of immunity:

13-Def of innate immunity:

14-Def bundle:

15-Def indwelling catheter:

16-Def way catheter:

17-Def suprapubic catheter: