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Python_Handbook

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4 views

Python_Handbook

Uploaded by

harshitpoooonia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Python Handbook - Comprehensive Guide

Python Programming Handbook

This handbook provides a comprehensive overview of Python programming, focusing on the topics

outlined in your syllabus. It is designed to aid beginners with clear explanations, examples, and

practice questions.

Page 1
Python Handbook - Comprehensive Guide

Module 1: Python Basics

1. Why Python?

Python is known for its simplicity, readability, and vast applications ranging from web development

to AI and data science.

2. Applications of Python

- Web development (e.g., Django, Flask)

- Data analysis and visualization

- Machine learning and AI

- Game development

- IoT applications

3. Number Systems

Python supports binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal number systems, which can be converted

using built-in functions.

4. Variables and Data Types

- Variables store data values and do not require explicit declaration of types.

- Common data types: int, float, str, list, tuple, dict, set, bool.

5. Control Structures

Python supports conditional statements like if, elif, and else for decision-making.

Example:

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Python Handbook - Comprehensive Guide

if x > 0:

print("Positive")

elif x == 0:

print("Zero")

else:

print("Negative")

6. Lists and Tuples

- Lists: Mutable sequences, e.g., [1, 2, 3].

- Tuples: Immutable sequences, e.g., (1, 2, 3).

Page 3
Python Handbook - Comprehensive Guide

Module 2: Loops and Functions

1. Loops

- While loop: Executes as long as the condition is true.

- For loop: Iterates over sequences like lists or ranges.

- Break and Continue control the loop's flow.

Example:

for i in range(5):

if i == 3:

continue

print(i)

2. List Comprehensions

- A concise way to create lists.

Example: squares = [x**2 for x in range(10)]

3. Functions

- Defining and using functions.

Example:

def greet(name):

return f"Hello, {name}!"

print(greet("Alice"))

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Python Handbook - Comprehensive Guide

4. Recursive Functions

- Functions that call themselves.

Example: Factorial calculation

def factorial(n):

return 1 if n == 0 else n * factorial(n-1)

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Python Handbook - Comprehensive Guide

Module 3: Advanced Topics

1. String Operations

- Slicing and manipulating strings.

Example: s = "Hello"[1:4] # 'ell'

2. File Handling

- Open, read, write, and close files.

Example:

with open("file.txt", "r") as file:

content = file.read()

3. Exception Handling

- Use try-except to handle runtime errors.

Example:

try:

result = 10 / 0

except ZeroDivisionError:

print("Cannot divide by zero")

4. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

- Classes, objects, inheritance, and polymorphism.

Example:

class Animal:

def speak(self):

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Python Handbook - Comprehensive Guide

return "I make a sound"

class Dog(Animal):

def speak(self):

return "Bark"

Page 7

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