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Python_Handbook

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4 views

Python_Handbook

Uploaded by

harshitpoooonia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Python Handbook - Comprehensive Guide

Python Programming Handbook

This handbook provides a comprehensive overview of Python programming, focusing on the topics

outlined in your syllabus. It is designed to aid beginners with clear explanations, examples, and

practice questions.

Page 1
Python Handbook - Comprehensive Guide

Module 1: Python Basics

1. Why Python?

Python is known for its simplicity, readability, and vast applications ranging from web development

to AI and data science.

2. Applications of Python

- Web development (e.g., Django, Flask)

- Data analysis and visualization

- Machine learning and AI

- Game development

- IoT applications

3. Number Systems

Python supports binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal number systems, which can be converted

using built-in functions.

4. Variables and Data Types

- Variables store data values and do not require explicit declaration of types.

- Common data types: int, float, str, list, tuple, dict, set, bool.

5. Control Structures

Python supports conditional statements like if, elif, and else for decision-making.

Example:

Page 2
Python Handbook - Comprehensive Guide

if x > 0:

print("Positive")

elif x == 0:

print("Zero")

else:

print("Negative")

6. Lists and Tuples

- Lists: Mutable sequences, e.g., [1, 2, 3].

- Tuples: Immutable sequences, e.g., (1, 2, 3).

Page 3
Python Handbook - Comprehensive Guide

Module 2: Loops and Functions

1. Loops

- While loop: Executes as long as the condition is true.

- For loop: Iterates over sequences like lists or ranges.

- Break and Continue control the loop's flow.

Example:

for i in range(5):

if i == 3:

continue

print(i)

2. List Comprehensions

- A concise way to create lists.

Example: squares = [x**2 for x in range(10)]

3. Functions

- Defining and using functions.

Example:

def greet(name):

return f"Hello, {name}!"

print(greet("Alice"))

Page 4
Python Handbook - Comprehensive Guide

4. Recursive Functions

- Functions that call themselves.

Example: Factorial calculation

def factorial(n):

return 1 if n == 0 else n * factorial(n-1)

Page 5
Python Handbook - Comprehensive Guide

Module 3: Advanced Topics

1. String Operations

- Slicing and manipulating strings.

Example: s = "Hello"[1:4] # 'ell'

2. File Handling

- Open, read, write, and close files.

Example:

with open("file.txt", "r") as file:

content = file.read()

3. Exception Handling

- Use try-except to handle runtime errors.

Example:

try:

result = 10 / 0

except ZeroDivisionError:

print("Cannot divide by zero")

4. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

- Classes, objects, inheritance, and polymorphism.

Example:

class Animal:

def speak(self):

Page 6
Python Handbook - Comprehensive Guide

return "I make a sound"

class Dog(Animal):

def speak(self):

return "Bark"

Page 7

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