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Python Me

Python besics

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4 views

Python Me

Python besics

Uploaded by

danielmeseret804
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Python Fundamentals: A Beginner's Guide

Chapter 1: Introduction to Python

- What is Python?

- Installing Python and setting up your environment

- Using an IDE or text editor

- Running your first Python program: 'Hello, World!'

Example

print("Hello, World!")

Chapter 2: Variables and Data Types

- Introduction to variables and how to declare them.

- Primitive Data Types: Integers, Floats, Strings, Booleans.

- Using type functions to check data types.

Example

age = 30

name = "John"

is_student = True

height = 5.9

# Check data types

print(type(age)) # Output: <class 'int'>

Chapter 3: Operators

- Arithmetic Operators: +, -, *, /, //, %, **.

- Comparison Operators: ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=.

- Logical Operators: and, or, not.

- Assignment Operators: =, +=, -=, *=, /=.


Example

a = 10

b=3

# Arithmetic operations

sum_result = a + b # 13

division_result = a / b # 3.33

# Comparison

is_equal = (a == b) # False

# Logical operations

if a > 5 and b < 5:

print("Both conditions are true")

Chapter 4: Control Structures

- Conditional Statements: if, elif, else.

- Loops: for loop and while loop.

Example

# If-Else Example

age = 18

if age >= 18:

print("Adult")

else:

print("Minor")

# For loop

for i in range(5):

print(i)

# While loop

count = 0
while count < 3:

print("Count:", count)

count += 1

Chapter 5: Functions

- Defining and calling functions.

- Understanding function parameters and return values.

- Default arguments and keyword arguments.

Example

def greet(name="User"):

return f"Hello, {name}"

# Call the function

print(greet("Alice")) # Output: Hello, Alice

print(greet()) # Output: Hello, User

Chapter 6: Lists and List Manipulation

- Creating lists.

- Accessing and modifying elements.

- Common list methods: append(), remove(), pop(), sort(), reverse().

- List slicing.

Example

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

print(fruits[0]) # Output: apple

fruits.append("orange") # Adding an item

fruits.remove("banana") # Removing an item

# List slicing

print(fruits[1:3]) # Output: ['cherry', 'orange']


Chapter 7: Dictionaries and Sets

- Understanding dictionaries (key-value pairs).

- Accessing, adding, and removing key-value pairs.

- Dictionary methods: get(), items(), keys().

- Introduction to sets and common operations.

Example

person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25}

# Access value

print(person["name"]) # Output: Alice

# Add key-value pair

person["city"] = "New York"

# Using get() to avoid KeyError

print(person.get("email", "Not Found")) # Output: Not Found

Chapter 8: Tuples

- Introduction to tuples: immutable sequences.

- Tuple operations.

- Unpacking tuples.

Example

coordinates = (10, 20)

# Accessing tuple elements

x, y = coordinates

print(x, y) # Output: 10 20

Chapter 9: Input and Output

- Using input() to take user input.

- Formatting strings.
- Basic output with print().

Example

name = input("Enter your name: ")

print(f"Hello, {name}")

Chapter 10: File Handling

- Opening, reading, and writing files.

- Using with for file management.

Example

# Reading from a file

with open("example.txt", "r") as file:

content = file.read()

print(content)

# Writing to a file

with open("output.txt", "w") as file:

file.write("Hello, World!")

Chapter 11: Error Handling

- Understanding exceptions and how to handle them.

- Using try, except, finally blocks.

Example

try:

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

result = 10 / num

except ZeroDivisionError:

print("You cannot divide by zero!")


except ValueError:

print("Invalid input! Please enter a number.")

finally:

print("Execution completed.")

Chapter 12: Basic Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

- Introduction to classes and objects.

- Defining classes and creating instances.

- Using constructors (__init__).

- Basic inheritance.

Example

class Car:

def __init__(self, model, year):

self.model = model

self.year = year

def display_info(self):

print(f"Model: {self.model}, Year: {self.year}")

# Creating an object

my_car = Car("Toyota", 2020)

my_car.display_info() # Output: Model: Toyota, Year: 2020

Chapter 13: Conclusion: Next Steps in Python

- Recap of the basics.

- Resources for deeper learning: websites, books, and courses.

- Moving on to intermediate topics like modules, decorators, and working with libraries.

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