Vector Addition 1
Vector Addition 1
Vector Addition 1
What is a Vector
A B
AB
A B
AB
Vector addition – Commutative
Law
B
A
BA
BA A A B
B
AB
B A A B
Vector subtraction
Add the negative
A B A B B
A B
AB
A
Vector addition
Associative Law
V1 V2 V3 V1 V2 V3
Vector addition
Parallelogram method
A
AB B
AB
B
Multiplication of a vector
by a scalar
B mA
A
mA
A Ay
For example,
F = Fx i + Fy j or F' = F'x i + F'y j
A x A cos q A A 2x A 2y
Ay
A Ay
A y A sin q tan q
Ax
q
Ax x
A
AB
B
A Ax ˆi A y ˆj B Bx ˆi By ˆj
A B A x Bx ˆi A y B y ˆj
ADDITION OF SEVERAL VECTORS
Plan:
a) Resolve the forces in their x-y components.
b) Add the respective components to get the resultant vector.
c) Find magnitude and angle from the resultant components.
EXAMPLE (continued)
= { 897.8 i – 521 j } N
y
FR
vector A
tan q
y
Scalars Vectors
Examples: mass, volume force, velocity
Characteristics: It has a magnitude It has a magnitude
(positive or negative) and direction
Addition rule: Simple arithmetic Parallelogram law
Special Notation: None Bold font, a line, an
arrow or a “carrot”