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    P6 Newtons Universal Gravitation

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    Alizza tangliben
    The gravitational force between Earth and the Moon is 2.77 x 1020 N.

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    P6 Newtons Universal Gravitation

    Uploaded by

    Alizza tangliben
    154 views16 pages
    The gravitational force between Earth and the Moon is 2.77 x 1020 N.

    Original Title

    P6-Newtons-Universal-Gravitation (2)

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    The gravitational force between Earth and the Moon is 2.77 x 1020 N.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    154 views16 pages

    P6 Newtons Universal Gravitation

    Uploaded by

    Alizza tangliben
    The gravitational force between Earth and the Moon is 2.77 x 1020 N.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    NEWTON’S LAW

    OF UNIVERSAL
    GRAVITATION

    TANGLIBEN
    VILLAREAL
    THE APPLE & THE MOON
    Isaac Newton realized that the motion of a
    falling apple and the motion of the Moon
    were both actually the same motion, caused
    by the same force - the gravitational force.
    NEWTON’S LAW OF UNIVERSAL
    GRAVITATION
    • The apple was attracted
    to the Earth
    • All objects in the
    Universe were attracted
    to each other in the same
    way the apple was
    attracted to the Earth
    Universal Gravitation
    Newton’s idea was that gravity was a
    universal force acting between any two
    objects.
    At the Earth’s Surface
    Newton knew that the gravitational force
    on the apple equals the apple’s weight, mg,
    where g = 9.8 m/s2.

    W = mg
    NEWTON’S LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION
     
    Newton's law of universal gravitation
    states that every particle attracts every
    other particle in the universe with a force
    which is directly proportional to the product
    of their masses and inversely proportional to
    the square of the distance between their
    centers.

    F = is the force between the masses;


    NEWTON’S LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION
    NEWTON’S LAW OF UNIVERSAL
    GRAVITATION

    • According to
    Newton’s equation, Force Vs. Mass
    F is directly 1

    0.9
    proportional to m1 0.8

    and m2. 0.7


    0.6

    Force (N)
    0.5
    0.4

    F  m1m2 0.3

    0.2
    0.1
    0
    0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

    Mass (kg)
    NEWTON’S LAW OF UNIVERSAL
    GRAVITATION

    • According to
    Newton’s equation,
    F is inversely related
    to the square of the
    distance.

    F
    Newton’s law of universal gravitation
    has both direct and inverse
    relationships.
    m1m2 F a m1m2
    F G 2 r3
    F a 1/r2
    r T  2
    Change Result
    Gm s
    Change Result
    2m1m2 2F 2r 1/4 F
    3m1m2 3F 3r 1/9 F
    4m1m2 4F 1/2 r 4F
    ½m1m2 1/2 F 1/3 r 9F
    Measuring the Universal Gravitational Constant

     How large is the constant, G?

     The force of gravitational attraction


    between two objects on Earth is relatively
    small. In fact, it took 100 years from the
    time of Newton’s work for scientists to
    develop an apparatus that was sensitive
    enough to measure the force kg2of
    gravitational attraction.

    G = 6.67 x 10 -11
    Nm 2

    kg 2
    NEWTON’S LAW OF UNIVERSAL
    GRAVITATION
     Example Problem:

    The attractive gravitational force, Fg, between


    two bowling balls of mass 7.26 kg, with their
    centers separated by 0.30 m, can be calculated
    as follows:
    Practice
    1. What is the gravitational force
    between two 15 kg packages that
    are 35 cm apart?
    Practice
    2. The gravitational force between
    two electrons that are 1.00 m apart
    is 5.54 x 10-71 N. Find the mass of
    the electron.
    Practice
    3. The Moon’s mass is 7.34 x 10 22
    kg, and it is 3.8 x 105 km away
    from Earth. Earth’s mass is 5.97
    x 1024 kg. Calculate the
    gravitational force of attraction
    between Earth and the Moon.

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