Ast Ch 04 Ques Ver 02
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The document discusses the structure and phenomena of the sun. It begins with questions about why the sun and moon appear the same size and how to safely observe the sun with a telescope. The remainder of the document asks multiple-choice and short-answer questions about the layers of the sun from the core to the corona, sunspots, the 11-year solar cycle, solar flares, the solar wind, and the sun's motion through the Milky Way Galaxy.
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How many planets can we see with a naked eye? Five! Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn can all be spotted from Earth without the aid of a telescope or binoculars. Though in principle all five are visible, some are easier to find than others. Mercury is the trickiest planet to observe thanks to its small size and proximity to the Sun. Telescopic observations of the planet face the same problem.
But it is not only difficult to observe Mercury from the ground. Sending robotic explorers to the tiny planet is also tricky. Mercury is very fast. It is very energy consuming to get a spacecraft into orbit around Mercury. The amount of propellant needed could have taken you all the way to Jupiter (though Jupiter is 12 times farther away from the Earth than Mercury). Another challenge is the radiation from the Sun. Any spacecraft daring to get so close to our star will have to have a one of a kind heat protection to operate!
Unsurprisingly, Mercury is the least explored terrestrial planet in the Solar System. Our knowledge of it is very patchy and far from complete. Still, Mercury is a very interesting object and we want to study it despite all the difficulties. Yes, it is not surrounded by a swarm of moons. There are no rings, And it is unlikely that we will find any living things there. But this little planet can tell us a lot about our Solar System and explain how planets orbiting close to their stars form and evolve.
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Who knows
The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located 593 km above Earth's surface. Named after Edwin Hubble, it was launched in 1990 as a joint NASA and ESA project. Hubble weighs 11 tons and can obtain images with a resolution of 0.1 seconds of arc. The document then provides 10 images taken by Hubble showing various nebulae, galaxies, and other astronomical objects located between 2,500-114 million light years from Earth. It concludes by stating the images are monuments of light and color that words cannot describe, and provides an image of the Eagle Nebula, a star cluster forming within gaseous emissions.
Hubble Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located 593 km above Earth's surface. Named after Edwin Hubble, it was launched in 1990 as a joint NASA and ESA project. Hubble weighs 11 tons and can obtain images with a resolution of 0.1 seconds of arc. The document then provides 10 images taken by Hubble showing various nebulae, galaxies, and other astronomical objects located between 2,500-114 million light years from Earth. It concludes by stating the images are monuments of light and color that words cannot describe, and provides an image of the Eagle Nebula, a star cluster forming within gaseous emissions.
Hubble
The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located 593 km above Earth's surface. Named after Edwin Hubble, it was launched in 1990 as a joint NASA and ESA project. Hubble weighs 11 tons and can obtain images with a resolution of 0.1 seconds of arc. The document then provides 10 images taken by Hubble showing various nebulae, galaxies, and other astronomical objects located between 2,500-114 million light years from Earth. It concludes by stating the images are monuments of light and color that words cannot describe, and provides an image of the Eagle Nebula, a star cluster forming within gaseous emissions.
Hubble
The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located 593 km above Earth's surface. Named after Edwin Hubble, it was launched in 1990 as a joint NASA and ESA project. Hubble weighs 11 tons and can obtain images with a resolution of 0.1 seconds of arc. The document then provides 10 images taken by Hubble showing various nebulae, galaxies, and other astronomical objects located between 2,500-114 million light years from Earth. It concludes by stating the images are monuments of light and color that words cannot describe, and provides an image of the Eagle Nebula, a star cluster forming within gaseous emissions.
Hubble
The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located 593 km above Earth's surface. Named after Edwin Hubble, it was launched in 1990 as a joint NASA and ESA project. Hubble weighs 11 tons and can obtain images with a resolution of 0.1 seconds of arc. The document then provides 10 images taken by Hubble showing various nebulae, galaxies, and other astronomical objects located between 2,500-114 million light years from Earth. It concludes by stating the images are monuments of light and color that words cannot describe, and provides an image of the Eagle Nebula, a star cluster forming within gaseous emissions.
Hubble
The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located 593 km above Earth's surface. Named after Edwin Hubble, it was launched in 1990 as a joint NASA and ESA project. Hubble weighs 11 tons and can obtain images with a resolution of 0.1 seconds of arc. The document then provides 10 images taken by Hubble showing various nebulae, galaxies, and other astronomical objects located between 2,500-114 million light years from Earth. It concludes by stating the images are monuments of light and color that words cannot describe, and provides an image of the Eagle Nebula, a star-forming region.
Hubble
The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located 593 km above Earth's surface. Named after Edwin Hubble, it was launched in 1990 as a joint NASA and ESA project. Hubble weighs 11 tons and can obtain images with a resolution of 0.1 seconds of arc. The document then provides 10 images taken by Hubble showing various nebulae, galaxies, and other astronomical objects located between 2,500-114 million light years from Earth. It concludes by stating the images are monuments of light and color that words cannot describe, and provides an image of the Eagle Nebula, a star cluster forming within gaseous emissions.
Hubble
The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located 593 km above Earth's surface. Named after Edwin Hubble, it was launched in 1990 as a joint NASA and ESA project. Hubble weighs 11 tons and can obtain images with a resolution of 0.1 seconds of arc. The document then provides 10 images taken by Hubble showing various nebulae, galaxies, and other astronomical objects located between 2,500-114 million light years from Earth. It concludes by stating the images are monuments of light and color that words cannot describe, and provides an image of the Eagle Nebula, a star cluster forming within gaseous emissions.
The Hubble
The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located 593 km above Earth's surface. Named after Edwin Hubble, it was launched in 1990 as a joint NASA and ESA project. Hubble weighs 11 tons and can obtain images with a resolution of 0.1 seconds of arc. The document then provides 10 images taken by Hubble showing various nebulae, galaxies, and other astronomical objects located between 2,500-114 million light years from Earth. It concludes by stating the images are monuments of light and color that words cannot describe, and provides an image of the Eagle Nebula, a star cluster forming within gaseous emissions.
Hubble
The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located 593 km above Earth's surface. Named after Edwin Hubble, it was launched in 1990 as a joint NASA and ESA project. Hubble weighs 11 tons and can obtain images with a resolution of 0.1 seconds of arc. The document then provides 10 images taken by Hubble showing various nebulae, galaxies, and other astronomical objects located between 2,500-114 million light years from Earth. It concludes by stating the images are monuments of light and color that words cannot describe, and provides an image of the Eagle Nebula, a star cluster forming within gaseous emissions.
Hubble
The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located 593 km above Earth's surface. Named after Edwin Hubble, it was launched in 1990 as a joint NASA and ESA project. Hubble weighs 11 tons and can obtain images with a resolution of 0.1 seconds of arc. The document then provides 10 images taken by Hubble showing various nebulae, galaxies, and other astronomical objects located between 2,500-114 million light years from Earth. It concludes by stating the images are monuments of light and color that words cannot describe, and provides an image of the Eagle Nebula, a star cluster forming within gaseous emissions.
Hubble
The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located 593 km above Earth's surface. Named after Edwin Hubble, it was launched in 1990 as a joint NASA and ESA project. Hubble weighs 11 tons and can obtain images with a resolution of 0.1 seconds of arc. The document then provides 10 images taken by Hubble showing various nebulae, galaxies, and other astronomical objects located between 2,500-114 million light years from Earth. It concludes by stating the images are monuments of light and color that words cannot describe, and provides an image of the Eagle Nebula, a star cluster forming within gaseous emissions.
Hubble
The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located 593 km above Earth's surface. Named after Edwin Hubble, it was launched in 1990 as a joint NASA and ESA project. Hubble weighs 11 tons and can obtain images with a resolution of 0.1 seconds of arc. The document then provides 10 images taken by Hubble showing various nebulae, galaxies, and other astronomical objects located between 2,500-114 million light years from Earth. It concludes by stating the images are monuments of light and color that words cannot describe, and provides an image of the Eagle Nebula, a star cluster forming within gaseous emissions.
Astronomy
The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located 593 km above Earth's surface. Named after Edwin Hubble, it was launched in 1990 as a joint NASA and ESA project. Hubble weighs 11 tons and can obtain images with a resolution of 0.1 seconds of arc. The document then provides 10 images taken by Hubble showing various nebulae, galaxies, and other astronomical objects located between 2,500-114 million light years from Earth. It concludes by stating the images are monuments of light and color that words cannot describe, and provides an image of the Eagle Nebula, a star cluster forming within gaseous emissions.
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Astronomy 161 – Spectroscopy Lab
Introduction:
The light of celestial objects contains much information hidden in its detailed color
structure. In this lab we will separate the light from some sources into constituent colors and use
spectroscopy to find out the chemical constitution of known and unknown gases. The same
procedure is used for starlight, telling us what its source is composed of. The baseline is a
laboratory experiment with known materials, and later we can compare the unknown to what we
already know.
Hot, glowing bodies like a light
bulb, or the Sun, glow in all the colors of
the spectrum. All these colors together
appear as white light. When such white
light hits a prism, or a raindrop, or a
diffraction grating, colors get separated
according to their wavelength. Red, with
its wavelength of 600 nm to 700 nm, is
deflected least and ends up on one edge of
the spectrum – or the rainbow when sunlight hits a raindrop after a storm. Blue, wavelength
around 400 nm, is the other end of the visible spectrum. An infinite number of elementary colors
are located between these two edges, each corresponding to its own wavelength. An
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glow”, and it is impossible to tell what the chemical composition of the source is.
However, other physical processes produce different spectra. A fluorescent light tube
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the positive pole inside, and hit gas atoms in the tube, making them emit light. This sort of light
contains only a few colors, and is called “emission spectrum”. When we separate the colors of
such light, only a few bright “emission” lines appear, each in its own color (and wavelength).
Each sort of an atom will emit light at its own particular set of wavelengths. When we analyze
the emission spectrum of an unknown source, we can compare the colors of its spectral lines to
known spectral lines we see in a laboratory, and tell which substance matches.
The color of spectral lines is directly
related to the structure of the atoms. Electrons
can jump from one orbit around the atomic
nucleus to another, giving off the difference in
energy levels in the form of light. The
wavelength (color) of light is related to the
amount of energy freed up between the old and
the new orbit. In this laboratory we will measure
the wavelengths of spectral lines from a few
gases, which are easy to put inside a discharge
tube. Other chemical elements would have
different spectra.
In the spectroscope that we use in this
laboratory, a diffraction grating (many parallel
black lines drawn very tightly on a little piece of
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Instructions:
In
this
investigation
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The document discusses facts about the Earth and Moon. It begins by providing basic information about the spherical shape and orbital motion of the Earth, and its rotation on its axis that causes the day-night cycle. It then discusses details about the Moon, including that it is Earth's only natural satellite, its composition of rock and craters, and how its phases are caused by the varying angles of illumination by the Sun as the Moon orbits Earth. The document uses various links and videos to illustrate and explain these concepts to students.
Earth and moon webquest
The document discusses facts about the Earth and Moon. It begins by providing basic information about the spherical shape and orbits of the Earth and Moon. It then discusses the rotation of the Earth on its axis, which causes day and night and the apparent movement of the sun and moon across the sky. The document also provides details about the Moon, including its phases and how they are caused by the positioning of the Moon in relation to the Earth and Sun during its orbit.
Earth and moon webquest
The document discusses facts about the Earth and the Moon. It begins by providing basic information about the spherical shape and rotation of the Earth, and states that the Earth's rotation causes the sun and moon to appear to move through the sky. It then provides more details about the Earth, such as that it takes 365 days to orbit the sun and is mostly covered in water. Facts about the Moon are also given, including that its name is the Moon, it has different regions like maria, and its phases are caused by its revolution around the Earth.
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The document discusses facts about the Earth and Moon. It begins by providing basic information about the spherical shape and orbital motion of the Earth, and its rotation on its axis that causes the day-night cycle. It then discusses details about the Moon, including that it is Earth's only natural satellite, its composition of rock and craters, and how its phases are caused by the varying angles of illumination by the Sun as the Moon orbits Earth. The document uses various links and videos to help explain these concepts to students in an engaging way.
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The document discusses facts about the Earth and the Moon. It begins by providing basic information about the spherical shape and orbital movement of the Earth, and its rotation on its axis that causes the day-night cycle. It then discusses details about the Moon, including that it is Earth's only natural satellite, its composition of rock and craters, and how its phases are caused by the positioning of the Moon in relation to the Sun and Earth during its orbit. The document uses various links and videos to help explain these concepts to students in an engaging way.
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1. The document contains two quizzes about theories of solar system formation.
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Ast Ch 05 Ques Ver 02
1. Stellar evolution describes how stars change over their lifetime. Stars are born from clouds of gas and dust in space, like the Orion Nebula.
2. Young stars called protostars form at the centers of gas clouds through gravitational collapse. Stars spend most of their lives fusing hydrogen into helium in their cores through nuclear fusion, staying in hydrostatic equilibrium.
3. Massive stars over 8 solar masses die dramatically in supernova explosions, forging heavy elements. Less massive stars end as white dwarfs or neutron stars.
05 Stellar Evolution Mc Neely
This document summarizes stellar evolution and the life cycles of stars. It describes how stars are born from nebulae and discusses the stages stars pass through, including their time as main sequence stars fueled by hydrogen fusion. As stars age and exhaust their hydrogen, they evolve into red giants and later planetary nebulae, leaving behind white dwarf cores. More massive stars explode as supernovae, forming neutron stars or black holes. Key concepts covered include nucleosynthesis, variable stars, and the end states of small and massive stars.
Table 01 Star Data
The document is a table listing key data about 8 stars including their apparent magnitude, spectral class, distance from Earth in light years, and absolute magnitude. It provides a concise overview of important properties of notable stars like Antares, Betelgeuse, Polaris, Procyon, Rigel, Sirius, and our Sun for comparison purposes.
Annual Sunspot Numbers
This document provides annual sunspot numbers from 1700 to 2000. Sunspot numbers are a measure of solar activity and have been recorded since the early 18th century. The numbers show peaks and valleys over the centuries with some years having over 150 sunspots and other years having close to zero. Overall, the data illustrates the varying levels of solar activity over three centuries.
Graphing Sunspot Cycles
This document discusses sunspot cycle data from 1700-2008 and instructs the reader to graph sunspot numbers from 1965-2008 and answer questions about the average cycle length, whether 2006 was a maximum or minimum year, what 2015 will likely be, and if the reader's birth year was closer to a maximum or minimum.
04 The Sun Mc Neely
The document provides information about the sun, including:
- The sun is a star that is the center of our solar system and provides light, heat, and energy for life on Earth.
- Ancient civilizations worshipped the sun as a god due to its importance.
- The sun is powered by nuclear fusion in its core and has a diameter of over 432,000 miles.
- Other topics covered include the sun's luminosity, solar constant, astronomical units, structure including the photosphere and chromosphere, sunspots, solar cycle, solar wind, and more.
Ast Ch 03 Ques 2010
The document discusses key concepts about stars including:
1. The parsec is a unit of distance used to measure nearby stars based on the parallax method. One parsec equals 3.26 light years.
2. Stars are classified into seven spectral classes based on their colors, from hottest blue class O to coolest red class M.
3. The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram plots stars based on their luminosity and temperature, showing locations for main sequence stars like the Sun as well as red giants, blue giants, and other stages.
03 The Stars Mc Neely 2008
1. Stellar parallax is a method used to measure the distances to nearby stars by observing how their positions shift relative to more distant background stars over the course of 6 months as Earth orbits the Sun.
2. When starlight is passed through a prism or spectroscope, it is separated into a spectrum of colors that can reveal what chemical elements the star is made of. Different elements produce unique patterns of spectral lines.
3. By analyzing the absorption line spectra of stars, astronomers have identified over 70 chemical elements present in stars including hydrogen, helium, and metals like iron. A star's temperature can also be estimated from its spectral class.
Ast Ch 02 Ques V. 02
This chapter discusses light and telescopes. It defines key terms like frequency and wavelength and discusses the electromagnetic spectrum. It provides information about light years and discusses how light from distant galaxies takes time to reach us. The chapter also covers the basics of different types of telescopes, including refracting, reflecting, and compound telescopes. It discusses components like the objective, aperture, focal length, and eyepiece and how they relate to magnification. Additional topics covered include defects in telescope mirrors and details of binocular specifications.
02 Light And Telescopes Mc Neely 2008
Edwin Hubble used the 48-inch Palomar Telescope in 1949 to make discoveries. There are three main types of telescopes: refractors which use lenses, reflectors which use mirrors, and compound telescopes which use both lenses and mirrors. The aperture and focal length of a telescope determine its light gathering ability and magnification. Atmospheric conditions like light pollution, turbulence, and temperature affect telescope views.
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Ast Ch 04 Ques Ver 02
- 1. Astronomy: A Self-Teaching Guide Ch. 04: The Sun 1. Why do the sun and moon appear to be about the same size in our sky? 2. Describe a safe method of observing the sun with a telescope. 3. Describe the Nebular Theory 4. What chemical elements are in the sun? 5. Number the following according to their order outward from the sun _____ Photosphere _____ Chromosphere _____ Corona _____ Radiation Zone _____ Convection Zone _____ Core 6. Which layer represents the sun’s visible “surface?” 7. List observable phenomena of the photosphere and chromosphere: Photosphere Chromosphere
- 2. 8. In the sunspot photograph, identify the umbra, penumbra, and granules. 9. When will be the next total eclipse of the sun visible from the United States? 10. What two forces interact to maintain a star’s spherical shape? 11. Describe the sun’s differential rotation. 12. What happens during the sun’s 11-year cycle? 13. In the butterfly diagram, where is the start of solar cycle 23 (after 1995) indicated? 14. List some of the effects of solar flares on the earth. 15. What is the solar wind? CMEs? 16. Towards which direction in space is the Apex of the Sun’s Way? 17. Describe the sun’s motion in space with respect to the Milky Way Galaxy.