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Chapter life process
- 1. Chapter - Life Process Topic - Nutrition Presentation By Aryan Jangid, 07, XthA -Daksh Rana ,09, XthA
- 2. Types of Nutrition The process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth. What is Nutrition? 1. Autotrophic Nutrition 2.Heterotrophic Nutrition There is Sub-Parts of Heterotrophic Nutrition are:- 1.Parasitic Nutrition 2. Saprophytic Nutrition
- 3. How do living things get their food? There are different organisms which get their food by different nutrition like as follows:- 1. Autotrophic Nutrition- Nutrition in which organisms prepare their own food by processes like photosynthesis and chemosynthesis. Green plants, for example, manufacture sugar and starch from carbon dioxide and water using the energy of sunlight to drive the necessary chemical reactions. Which is 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 . This process is called photosynthesis.
- 4. The following events occur during this process– (i)Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll. (ii) Conversion of light energy to chemical energy and splitting of water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. (iii) Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates. These steps need not take place one after the other immediately. For example, desert plants take up carbon dioxide at night and prepare an intermediate which is acted upon by the energy absorbed by the chlorophyll during the day What actually happens during the process of photosynthesis?
- 5. How the plant obtains carbon dioxide? The carbon dioxide enters the leaves of the plant through the stomata present on their surface. Each stomatal pore is surrounded by a pair of guard cells. The opening and closing of the pores of stomata is controlled by the guard cells only.
- 6. Opened And Closed Stomata
- 7. 2.HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION-HETEROTROPHIC ORGANISMS OBTAIN THEIR FOOD FROM THE BODIES OF OTHER ORGANISMS. THIS IS DONE IN VARIOUS WAYS. • Herbivores such as cattle, tortoises and sparrows eat plants. Carnivores such as lions, crocodiles, sharks and kestrels eat the flesh of other animals. Omnivores such as humans can eat both plants and animals. Saprophytes such as many types of fungi and bacteria, obtain their food in liquid form from the remains of dead organisms. This feeding manifests itself as the process called decay. Parasites such as tapeworms and mosquitoes live on or in another living organism (called the host) from which they obtain food
- 8. How do Amoeba obtain its Nutrition? Amoeba envelops its food through the process of endocytosis or phagocytosis, where pseudopodia is created by flexibility of the plasma membrane. ... Amoeba takes in food using temporary finger-like extensions of the cell surface which fuse over the food particle forming a food-vacuole. This is also called as holozoic nutrition.
- 9. Different Stages in the nutrition of Amoeba
- 10. What is Digestion? Digestion- Digestion is a process by which complex substances present in our food like , glucose , Amino acid, fats and glycerol are converted into their simpler form to get energy for the various processes of our body. What all is present in our digestive system? Human digestive system consists of the long alimentary canal that includes mouth, pharynx, esophagus(food pipe) stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus . Organs are also there for assistance pancreas, liver.
- 12. How Digestion takes place? First, we intake food through our mouth, in which salivary glands release saliva which helps in converting starch to maltose. Then food is transferred to stomach through esophagus. In stomach many gastric juices are released for synthesizing proteins , fats and carbohydrates etc. Then the food is transferred to small intestine, when this process is taking place bile juice is secreted by liver, which is stored in gall bladder and is transferred through bile duct. Bile juice breaks down fats into fatty acids.
- 13. During this pancreas makes pancreatic juic es called enzymes. These enzymes break down sugars, fats, and starches. Pancreas also helps your digestive system by making hormones. These are chemical messengers that travel through blood. After this food stays in small intestine for six to eight hours, in which there are finger like structure called villi. Now the food is transferred to Large Intestine in which excess water is absorbed. After all these Processes waste is stored in rectum and is excreted out by anus.
- 14. Test your knowledge 1. _______ controls the opening and closing of stomata. 2. Which acid is present in stomach ? 3. What are the three parts of small intestine? 4. Which movement helps us in swallowing ? 5. What are the finger like projections present in small intestine ? 6. Bile is released by __________.