The document provides an overview of communication capabilities in Android, including networking, useful networking libraries, Bluetooth, and Near Field Communication (NFC). It discusses how to connect to networks, perform network operations on a separate thread, check network connectivity, download data using HTTPURLConnection, and efficiently manage network usage. Libraries covered include Retrofit, okHTTP, Volley, and RoboSpice. The document also provides examples of discovering Bluetooth devices, connecting to Bluetooth devices, and implementing Bluetooth profiles. It concludes with a brief description of NFC technology.
Android uses Views and ViewGroups to create user interfaces. Views occupy rectangular areas on screen and handle drawing and events. Common widgets like Buttons and TextViews are subclasses of View. Layouts like LinearLayout and RelativeLayout are ViewGroups that position child Views. Layout parameters specify how Views are positioned. Common event listeners include onClick and onTouch, which call registered event handlers when triggered by user interaction.
This document discusses different types of notifications in Android, including toast notifications, status bar notifications, and alarm manager notifications. It provides code examples for creating each type. Toast notifications display temporary messages on screen without user interaction. Status bar notifications add icons and messages to the status bar that expand when pulled down, and can launch an activity when clicked. The alarm manager allows triggering notifications at specific times in the future.
Overview of Java RMI remoting.
RMI is a lightweight Java technology that provides access to remote methods, similar to RPC, but object-oriented. RMI basically provides remote object access for a client and object registration for servers.
RMI is both a Java API (java.rmi.* package) as well as a transport protocol definition for transporting RMI calls through a network.
RMI is a Java technology since it requires that client and server objects run in a JVM (Java Virtual Machine). By using IIOP as transport protocol, however, it is possible to connect RMI-clients to non-Java server objects (e.g. CORBA).
RMI defines the elements client, server, RMI registry where servers register their services and possibly a plain vanilla web server that can be used by clients to dynamically load object classes to access servers.
This document provides an overview of Android and mobile application development. It discusses the history of Android, including its origins at Android Inc. and acquisition by Google. It describes the core components of the Android software stack and architecture. The document outlines the Android development process and tools used to build, run, test and publish Android apps. It also discusses advantages and disadvantages of developing for mobile platforms.
This document discusses Java application programming interfaces (APIs). It begins by explaining that there are three types of Java APIs: 1) the core Java API contained in the JDK, 2) optional APIs that can be downloaded separately, and 3) unofficial APIs developed by third parties. It then provides examples of popular Java APIs, grouping them into categories like the official APIs for Java SE, EE, and ME platforms, as well as unofficial APIs released by third parties. The document serves to outline the different types and categories of Java APIs and provide illustrative examples.
This presentation provides an overview of web fundamentals, including:
1) The evolution of the web from Tim Berners-Lee's original invention (Web 1.0) to user-generated content (Web 2.0) to artificial intelligence and personalization (Web 3.0).
2) The basic components of the web including websites, webpages, web applications, clients like browsers, and servers.
3) How web communication works using protocols like HTTP and techniques like cookies to transfer information between clients and servers.
This document provides an introduction and overview of Java applet programming. It discusses what Java and applets are, the applet skeleton structure including common lifecycle methods like init(), start(), paint(), stop(), and destroy(). It also outlines the steps to write an applet code, compile it, and include it in an HTML file using applet tags to display the applet. An example Java applet class and HTML code is provided at the end to demonstrate a simple "Hello World" style applet.
The document provides an overview of J2ME (Java 2 Micro Edition), which is a version of Java designed for small, resource-constrained devices. It discusses what J2ME is, the motivations for its creation, its core concepts including configurations, profiles, and optional packages, and how to get started developing applications using J2ME. The document serves as an introduction to the J2ME platform for developing applications on devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, and other small computing devices.
This document summarizes an introductory Flutter session. It introduces Rayen Zegden, who is a GDSC member and mobile development lead, and explains that the goal is to create performant, easy to use, and efficient applications. It provides definitions of Flutter as an open-source framework for building mobile apps using Dart, and widgets as visual elements. Advantages include fast development, a single codebase, and customization, while disadvantages include limited libraries and a steep learning curve. Finally, it previews setting up tools and libraries needed for a first Flutter application.
Network programming in java - PPT with Easy Programs and examples of Java InetAddress Class and java socket programming example.
Learn more @ http://java2all.com/technology/network-programming
S/MIME (Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) allows users to securely send emails through encryption and digital signatures. It uses public key cryptography, with algorithms like RSA and ElGamal for encryption and DSS and RSA for digital signatures. S/MIME supports encrypting the message contents, digitally signing the message, or both. It defines new MIME types to implement these security features for email. Other technologies like PGP provide similar email security functionality to S/MIME.
The document discusses the main components of the .NET framework. It describes the Common Language Runtime (CLR) environment that executes .NET programs, the Common Language Specification (CLS) that defines language interoperability guidelines, and the Common Type System (CTS) that allows objects from different .NET languages to interact. It also mentions the Framework Class Library (FCL) that provides common methods and properties to .NET languages and how code is compiled to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) for execution by the CLR.
The document provides an overview of the Android operating system. It discusses that Android is an open source software platform based on the Linux kernel and allows developers to write managed code using Java. It is developed by Google and other companies part of the Open Handset Alliance. The document then describes Android's history and architecture, including its use of the Linux kernel, Binder for inter-process communication, Dalvik virtual machine, core libraries, and application framework. It also covers the application lifecycle and how the Android system starts up.
Fragments in Android allow developers to divide an activity's user interface into modular components. Fragments have their own layouts and lifecycle methods similar to activities. Developers can optimize apps for different screen sizes by dynamically adding, removing, or replacing fragments at runtime using the fragment manager. To create a fragment, developers extend the fragment class and override lifecycle methods like onCreateView() to inflate layouts.
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard protocol for electronic mail transmission. It was first defined in 1982 and became widely used in the early 1980s as a complement to UUCP mail. SMTP uses a client-server model where the client initiates a connection and sends messages to the server, which then acknowledges receipt. It allows messages to be transferred between machines that are intermittently connected. Common SMTP commands include HELO, MAIL FROM, RCPT TO, DATA, QUIT, and RSET. SMTP can be secured using SSL/TLS to encrypt the communication channel. The latest developments include supporting real-time dynamic content in emails and internationalized email addresses encoded in UTF-8.
Introduction to java beans, java beans, Core java, j2se, getting started with java beans programming, java to standard edition, beans in java, beans programming in java
The document provides an overview of Android application development fundamentals including application components, intents, manifest files, and more. It discusses that Android apps are written in Java and compiled to APK files. The core application components are activities, services, broadcast receivers, and content providers. Intents are used to start components and broadcast receivers register to receive system or app events. Every app must declare its components in the Android manifest.
This document provides an overview of best practices for Android Wear development. It discusses how to pair Wear devices, common APIs with Android, showing notifications, distributing Wear apps, defining layouts, accessing views, useful libraries like Gson and EventBus, and other tips.
This document provides an introduction to the Java programming language. It discusses the goals of Java, including being cross-platform, providing security through sandboxing with the Java Virtual Machine, and replacing C/C++. It explains what is needed to run and develop Java applications and the differences between Java editions. The document outlines some key differences between Java and C#/C++ and how to write a basic Java application. It also defines JAR files and provides principles for designing class structures in Java.
The document discusses Android location and sensor APIs. It provides an overview of location services in Android, which allows apps to access location through the LocationManager. It also discusses the sensors framework, which gives access to motion, position, and environment sensors. It describes how to identify available sensors, register listeners to receive sensor events, and handle the sensor data. Key classes like SensorManager, Sensor, and SensorEventListener are also summarized.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Configuring LIFA for remote communication using web architecture Ami Goswami
This document describes a system for remote temperature monitoring and control using LabVIEW and a web interface. The system connects temperature sensors to an Arduino microcontroller which interfaces with LabVIEW programs. LabVIEW's web server functionality allows the LabVIEW front panel to be accessed remotely through a web browser. The document outlines the steps to configure the LabVIEW web server, publish LabVIEW VIs as web pages, and access them through a browser to monitor and control the temperature system from a remote location.
Manual redes - network programming with j2 me wireless devicesVictor Garcia Vara
The document provides an overview of network programming for wireless devices using J2ME. It discusses how J2ME's Generic Connection Framework abstracts different connection types to support a variety of devices. The HttpConnection class, which is guaranteed to be available on all MIDP devices, allows applications to communicate over HTTP. The document examines HttpConnection's methods for input/output streams, MIME handling, and accessing HTTP protocol fields. It provides an example of using HttpConnection to read data from a web server.
ANDROID BASED WS SECURITY AND MVC BASED UI REPRESENTATION OF DATAIJCSEIT Journal
Google’s Android is open source; Programmable software framework is subject to typical Smartphone
attacks. Such attacks can make the phone partially or fully unusable, cause unwanted changes. While
accessing data over web services there should be security mechanisms like encryption of data on server
side and decryption using key on client side so that attacks can cause minimal damage to device and data
integrity
In the second part we have tried to implement here is that representation of data in UI in MVC architecture
so that data can be separated from the representation details and user can view data in a manner
whichever gives him/her comfort in analyzing the data.
mumble: Framework for Seamless Message Transfer on SmartphonesAnand Bhojan
This work explores the possibility of transferring data between mobile devices that are nearby each other without the need of pairing, authentication, superuser access and Internet connectivity. Such technology can be used for emergency broadcast, traffic congestion avoidance, IoT, smart city, social and dating systems and games. Except Bluetooth Low Energy technology, there is no other protocol or technology available that allows pairing-free data transfer without Internet connectivity. Bluetooth Low Energy is capable of doing so but at a relatively short range. Using Wi-Fi Direct's Service Broadcast and Discovery, a simple yet novel method is developed which allows for seamless long range (Wi-Fi range) data transfer without Internet connectivity.
The design details of FATS-mumble can be found in the paper (http://www.comp.nus.edu.sg/~bhojan/papers/mumble15.pdf) published in ACM Mobicom 2015 SmartObjects. Please use it for all the references of this mumble project.
The project is open sourced (Github Link): https://github.com/FatsGW/FATS-Mumble.
Demo: http://youtu.be/ACmNYLd2NlI
Offline and Online Bank Data Synchronization Systemijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Configuring lifa for remote communication using web architectureVatsal N Shah
1. The document discusses using LabVIEW and the LabVIEW Interface for Arduino (LIFA) to build a remote temperature monitoring and control system. LIFA allows controlling sensors and acquiring data through an Arduino microcontroller from within LabVIEW.
2. A web service architecture is implemented to enable remote monitoring of temperature data over the internet. LabVIEW publishes web pages that allow viewing temperature readings and controlling the system from a web browser.
3. The system connects temperature sensors to a computer via an Arduino. LIFA provides communication between LabVIEW and the Arduino. LabVIEW programs publish web pages to remotely monitor and control the temperature system from any internet-connected device.
The document provides an introduction to back-end development, including definitions of the internet, World Wide Web, and request-response cycle. It explains the differences between front-end and back-end development and lists common front-end and back-end programming languages. Main protocols like IP, TCP, UDP, and HTTP are described. Additional back-end concepts covered include CRUD functionality, securing passwords, HTTPS, and APIs. Resources for further learning back-end development with languages like Python, Node.js, and PHP are also provided.
Contemporary Energy Optimization for Mobile and Cloud Environmentijceronline
Cloud and mobile computing applications are increasing heavily in terms of usage. These two areas extending usability of systems. This review paper gives information about cloud and mobile applications in terms of resources they consume and the need of choosing variety of features for users from several locations and the evolutionary provisions for service provider and end users. Both the fields are combined to provide good functionality, efficiency and effectiveness with mobile phones. The enhancement by considering power consumption by means of resource constrained nature of devices, communication media and cost effectiveness. This paper discuss about the concepts related to power consumption, underlying protocols and the other performance issues
Assessment to Delegate the Task to Cloud for Increasing Energy Efficiency of ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses assessing whether tasks on mobile phones should be offloaded to the cloud to improve energy efficiency. It presents a model where mobile devices can offload computationally intensive tasks to the cloud via wireless networks. An experiment is described that compares the energy consumption and time taken of a video conversion task performed locally on a mobile phone versus offloading the task or different parts of the task to a cloud. The results show that offloading the entire task to the cloud reduces energy consumption and processing time compared to performing the task locally on the mobile phone. The document concludes offloading tasks to the cloud can increase a mobile phone's energy efficiency and discusses areas for future work.
Optimize Data Connectivity in .NET ApplicationsAbhishek Kant
When it comes to Data Access performance of .NET application, many people focus on the tuning and optimizing the Backend datasources. But there is lot to gain from just tuning your connectivity solutions for the need of your application.
This presentation focuses on how to tune your ADO.NET connectivity solution to get the best performance out of them, with the examples.
This document discusses Java networking and the client-server model. It explains that Java socket programming allows sharing of data between devices using protocols like TCP and UDP. Sockets are bound to port numbers to identify applications. The client-server model involves clients sending requests and servers sending responses. Examples of Java code for a simple client and server are also provided.
The document discusses various topics related to networking and managing data from the web for Android applications. It covers checking a device's network connectivity, performing secure network communication, choosing an HTTP client like HttpURLConnection, performing network operations on a background thread, and parsing JSON responses. It also introduces libraries like Retrofit and Gson that can simplify making network requests and parsing responses.
How do I - Networking and Webservices - Transcript.pdfShaiAlmog1
The document discusses different approaches to networking on mobile devices using Codename One. It covers:
1) ConnectionRequest, which is Codename One's primary networking API. It is asynchronous and seamlessly handles threading.
2) Using URLs, but this requires manually handling threading which can be difficult.
3) Builtin sockets and WebSockets, with WebSockets being easier to use for sending and receiving messages.
4) Generating server-side code stubs and parsing response formats like JSON/XML to implement web services using ConnectionRequest or REST APIs.
Decision to offload the task to Cloud for increasing energy efficiency of Mob...IRJET Journal
This document discusses increasing the energy efficiency of mobile phones through task offloading to cloud computing. It presents a model where mobile devices can offload computationally intensive tasks to remote cloud servers to save battery power. The key factors in determining whether to offload a task include the processing speeds of the mobile device and cloud server, data transmission time over the network, and power consumption for local processing versus transmission. An analytical model is developed using 802.11 WiFi specifications to estimate transmission times and energy savings from offloading tasks to the cloud. The goal is to provide a way to decide whether offloading a specific task will increase energy efficiency for the mobile phone.
Energy Optimized Link Selection Algorithm for Mobile Cloud ComputingEswar Publications
Mobile cloud computing is the revolutionary distributed computing research area which consists of three different domains: cloud computing, wireless networks and mobile computing targeting to improve the task computational capabilities of the mobile devices in order to minimize the energy consumption. Heavy computations can be offloaded to the cloud to decrease energy consumption for the mobile device. In some mobile cloud applications, it has been more energy inefficient to use the cloud compared to the conventional computing conducted in the local device. Despite mobile cloud computing being a reliable idea, still faces several
problems for mobile phones such as storage, short battery life and so on. One of the most important concerns for mobile devices is low energy consumption. Different network links has different bandwidths to uplink and downlink task as well as data transmission from mobile to cloud or vice-versa. In this paper, a novel optimal link selection algorithm is proposed to minimize the mobile energy. In the first phase, all available networks are
scanned and then signal strength is calculated. All the calculated signals along with network locations are given
input to the optimal link selection algorithm. After the execution of link selection algorithm, an optimal network link is selected.
This document provides summaries of key Android concepts:
- Fragments allow modular activity design by including discrete portions of UI within activities. Toasts, dialogs, and notifications provide feedback to users outside the main UI.
- Services run in the background without a UI. Broadcast receivers respond to messages from other apps and the system. Content providers manage access to structured data.
- The document also discusses networking, JSON parsing, AsyncTask, location services, data storage options, and setting app permissions for features like location access. Code examples are provided for many concepts.
This document discusses implementing a low-power wireless microserver with a small form factor that can be connected to mobile devices using Bluetooth technology. It explores two implementation options - embedding the server directly into a device, or using a pluggable server that can be retrofitted to different devices via a standard connector. It also describes distributing the user interface for the server by either preloading it onto the server, or downloading it from a network when the server is plugged into a device.
Weighted Round Robin Load Balancer to Enhance Web Server Cluster in OpenFlow ...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Web server clusters require a reliable network management for increasing the quality of service
(QoS). A load balancer system installed in a software-defined network (SDN) is one method that can
improve the performance and availability of web server services. SDN is a dynamic and a programmable
network management approach, and one protocol that supports it is OpenFlow. This research aims to
design and analyse a model of a load balancer on OpenFlow networks, implementing a Weighted Round
Robin (WRR) algorithm. The analysis process is conducted by measuring the value of a QoS web server
performance parameters, such as response time, throughput, HTTP success, and loss connection. The
results showed the WRR algorithm can be implemented for balancing a network system with dynamic
resource allocation. The weight workload of each service can be obtained from the needs and existing
network resources. The performance of a load balancer on an OpenFlow network is 57% better than in a
traditional one for testing of response time conducted in a high connection. However, the throughput and
HTTP success connection decreased by 2% and 10%, respectively, while HTTP loss connection increased
by 49%.
This document discusses improving proto types when using them in collections for RPC applications. It recommends adding an empty message type for void parameters and repeatable types for data collections. Sample code shows defining request/response messages for getting a user by name including a repeated field for the user collection. The server code returns the collection while the client code iterates over it. Implementing an online shop sample is suggested along with using the template method pattern for server internal logic. The document recommends a design patterns book and thanks the reader.
This document provides instructions for creating a gRPC Hello World sample in C# using .NET Core. It describes creating client and server projects with protobuf definition files. The server project implements a Greeter service that returns a greeting message. The client project calls the SayHello method to get a response from the server. Running the projects demonstrates a basic gRPC communication.
DevOps is a culture and practice that aims to rapidly build, test, and release software. Continuous integration requires developers to integrate code into a shared repository multiple times a day, with each check-in verified by automated builds to detect problems early. Continuous delivery is the practice of releasing every good build to users. Popular tools for continuous integration include TeamCity, Jenkins, and others.
This document provides an overview of software quality assurance and testing. It defines quality as meeting specifications and customer expectations. Software testing investigates quality by providing stakeholders information. Testing is important to prevent defects, as shown by examples of bugs that caused spacecraft and airplane failures costing lives and money. Quality assurance focuses on preventing defects through planning and verification, while quality control identifies defects through action and validation. Defects can be costly so issue tracking systems are used to manage bug lifecycles. Manual testing is time-consuming and relies on human resources while automation testing is faster, more reliable and programmable.
The document discusses the role of a user experience designer, outlining their design process which includes discovering user requirements, creating design concepts and prototypes, validating designs through research and testing, and iterating on their work through collaboration and learning. It emphasizes the importance of an iterative design process driven by user needs.
The document discusses the roles and responsibilities of a project manager in software development. It covers the software development lifecycle (SDLC), common methodologies like SCRUM, and the differences between projects and products. It also describes the typical project team roles and the key duties and qualities of an effective project manager, such as planning, organizing, leading, controlling, clear communication, managing expectations, and prioritizing the team over oneself.
The document discusses the role of a business analyst in a software project. It explains that a business analyst is involved in requirements gathering and representation. This includes eliciting requirements through preliminary discussions with customers, reviewing requirements with other roles like architects and UX designers, and specifying requirements. Requirements can be represented through user stories, use cases, documents, and other methods. User stories are written from the perspective of users and define what they want to do. Use cases outline interactions between actors and a system. Together, clearly documented requirements help ensure a project delivers business value through the right software solution.
Sustainability requires ingenuity and stewardship. Did you know Pigging Solutions pigging systems help you achieve your sustainable manufacturing goals AND provide rapid return on investment.
How? Our systems recover over 99% of product in transfer piping. Recovering trapped product from transfer lines that would otherwise become flush-waste, means you can increase batch yields and eliminate flush waste. From raw materials to finished product, if you can pump it, we can pig it.
Paradigm Shifts in User Modeling: A Journey from Historical Foundations to Em...Erasmo Purificato
Slide of the tutorial entitled "Paradigm Shifts in User Modeling: A Journey from Historical Foundations to Emerging Trends" held at UMAP'24: 32nd ACM Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization (July 1, 2024 | Cagliari, Italy)
How Netflix Builds High Performance Applications at Global ScaleScyllaDB
We all want to build applications that are blazingly fast. We also want to scale them to users all over the world. Can the two happen together? Can users in the slowest of environments also get a fast experience? Learn how we do this at Netflix: how we understand every user's needs and preferences and build high performance applications that work for every user, every time.
Are you interested in dipping your toes in the cloud native observability waters, but as an engineer you are not sure where to get started with tracing problems through your microservices and application landscapes on Kubernetes? Then this is the session for you, where we take you on your first steps in an active open-source project that offers a buffet of languages, challenges, and opportunities for getting started with telemetry data.
The project is called openTelemetry, but before diving into the specifics, we’ll start with de-mystifying key concepts and terms such as observability, telemetry, instrumentation, cardinality, percentile to lay a foundation. After understanding the nuts and bolts of observability and distributed traces, we’ll explore the openTelemetry community; its Special Interest Groups (SIGs), repositories, and how to become not only an end-user, but possibly a contributor.We will wrap up with an overview of the components in this project, such as the Collector, the OpenTelemetry protocol (OTLP), its APIs, and its SDKs.
Attendees will leave with an understanding of key observability concepts, become grounded in distributed tracing terminology, be aware of the components of openTelemetry, and know how to take their first steps to an open-source contribution!
Key Takeaways: Open source, vendor neutral instrumentation is an exciting new reality as the industry standardizes on openTelemetry for observability. OpenTelemetry is on a mission to enable effective observability by making high-quality, portable telemetry ubiquitous. The world of observability and monitoring today has a steep learning curve and in order to achieve ubiquity, the project would benefit from growing our contributor community.
How RPA Help in the Transportation and Logistics Industry.pptxSynapseIndia
Revolutionize your transportation processes with our cutting-edge RPA software. Automate repetitive tasks, reduce costs, and enhance efficiency in the logistics sector with our advanced solutions.
In this follow-up session on knowledge and prompt engineering, we will explore structured prompting, chain of thought prompting, iterative prompting, prompt optimization, emotional language prompts, and the inclusion of user signals and industry-specific data to enhance LLM performance.
Join EIS Founder & CEO Seth Earley and special guest Nick Usborne, Copywriter, Trainer, and Speaker, as they delve into these methodologies to improve AI-driven knowledge processes for employees and customers alike.
Are you interested in learning about creating an attractive website? Here it is! Take part in the challenge that will broaden your knowledge about creating cool websites! Don't miss this opportunity, only in "Redesign Challenge"!
Performance Budgets for the Real World by Tammy EvertsScyllaDB
Performance budgets have been around for more than ten years. Over those years, we’ve learned a lot about what works, what doesn’t, and what we need to improve. In this session, Tammy revisits old assumptions about performance budgets and offers some new best practices. Topics include:
• Understanding performance budgets vs. performance goals
• Aligning budgets with user experience
• Pros and cons of Core Web Vitals
• How to stay on top of your budgets to fight regressions
Quality Patents: Patents That Stand the Test of TimeAurora Consulting
Is your patent a vanity piece of paper for your office wall? Or is it a reliable, defendable, assertable, property right? The difference is often quality.
Is your patent simply a transactional cost and a large pile of legal bills for your startup? Or is it a leverageable asset worthy of attracting precious investment dollars, worth its cost in multiples of valuation? The difference is often quality.
Is your patent application only good enough to get through the examination process? Or has it been crafted to stand the tests of time and varied audiences if you later need to assert that document against an infringer, find yourself litigating with it in an Article 3 Court at the hands of a judge and jury, God forbid, end up having to defend its validity at the PTAB, or even needing to use it to block pirated imports at the International Trade Commission? The difference is often quality.
Quality will be our focus for a good chunk of the remainder of this season. What goes into a quality patent, and where possible, how do you get it without breaking the bank?
** Episode Overview **
In this first episode of our quality series, Kristen Hansen and the panel discuss:
⦿ What do we mean when we say patent quality?
⦿ Why is patent quality important?
⦿ How to balance quality and budget
⦿ The importance of searching, continuations, and draftsperson domain expertise
⦿ Very practical tips, tricks, examples, and Kristen’s Musts for drafting quality applications
https://www.aurorapatents.com/patently-strategic-podcast.html
MYIR Product Brochure - A Global Provider of Embedded SOMs & SolutionsLinda Zhang
This brochure gives introduction of MYIR Electronics company and MYIR's products and services.
MYIR Electronics Limited (MYIR for short), established in 2011, is a global provider of embedded System-On-Modules (SOMs) and
comprehensive solutions based on various architectures such as ARM, FPGA, RISC-V, and AI. We cater to customers' needs for large-scale production, offering customized design, industry-specific application solutions, and one-stop OEM services.
MYIR, recognized as a national high-tech enterprise, is also listed among the "Specialized
and Special new" Enterprises in Shenzhen, China. Our core belief is that "Our success stems from our customers' success" and embraces the philosophy
of "Make Your Idea Real, then My Idea Realizing!"
INDIAN AIR FORCE FIGHTER PLANES LIST.pdfjackson110191
These fighter aircraft have uses outside of traditional combat situations. They are essential in defending India's territorial integrity, averting dangers, and delivering aid to those in need during natural calamities. Additionally, the IAF improves its interoperability and fortifies international military alliances by working together and conducting joint exercises with other air forces.
How Social Media Hackers Help You to See Your Wife's Message.pdfHackersList
In the modern digital era, social media platforms have become integral to our daily lives. These platforms, including Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, and Snapchat, offer countless ways to connect, share, and communicate.
Implementations of Fused Deposition Modeling in real worldEmerging Tech
The presentation showcases the diverse real-world applications of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) across multiple industries:
1. **Manufacturing**: FDM is utilized in manufacturing for rapid prototyping, creating custom tools and fixtures, and producing functional end-use parts. Companies leverage its cost-effectiveness and flexibility to streamline production processes.
2. **Medical**: In the medical field, FDM is used to create patient-specific anatomical models, surgical guides, and prosthetics. Its ability to produce precise and biocompatible parts supports advancements in personalized healthcare solutions.
3. **Education**: FDM plays a crucial role in education by enabling students to learn about design and engineering through hands-on 3D printing projects. It promotes innovation and practical skill development in STEM disciplines.
4. **Science**: Researchers use FDM to prototype equipment for scientific experiments, build custom laboratory tools, and create models for visualization and testing purposes. It facilitates rapid iteration and customization in scientific endeavors.
5. **Automotive**: Automotive manufacturers employ FDM for prototyping vehicle components, tooling for assembly lines, and customized parts. It speeds up the design validation process and enhances efficiency in automotive engineering.
6. **Consumer Electronics**: FDM is utilized in consumer electronics for designing and prototyping product enclosures, casings, and internal components. It enables rapid iteration and customization to meet evolving consumer demands.
7. **Robotics**: Robotics engineers leverage FDM to prototype robot parts, create lightweight and durable components, and customize robot designs for specific applications. It supports innovation and optimization in robotic systems.
8. **Aerospace**: In aerospace, FDM is used to manufacture lightweight parts, complex geometries, and prototypes of aircraft components. It contributes to cost reduction, faster production cycles, and weight savings in aerospace engineering.
9. **Architecture**: Architects utilize FDM for creating detailed architectural models, prototypes of building components, and intricate designs. It aids in visualizing concepts, testing structural integrity, and communicating design ideas effectively.
Each industry example demonstrates how FDM enhances innovation, accelerates product development, and addresses specific challenges through advanced manufacturing capabilities.
7 Most Powerful Solar Storms in the History of Earth.pdfEnterprise Wired
Solar Storms (Geo Magnetic Storms) are the motion of accelerated charged particles in the solar environment with high velocities due to the coronal mass ejection (CME).
3. Connecting to the Network
We are going to learn how to implement a simple application that connects to the
network. It explains some of the best practices you should follow in creating even
the simplest network-connected app.
Note that to perform the network operations described in this lecture, your
application manifest must include the following permissions:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
Most network-connected Android apps use HTTP to send and receive data. The
Android platform includes the HttpURLConnection client, which supports HTTPS,
streaming uploads and downloads, configurable timeouts, IPv6, and connection
pooling.
3
4. Check the Network Connection
Before your app attempts to connect to the network, it should check to see whether a
network connection is available using getActiveNetworkInfo() and isConnected().
Remember, the device may be out of range of a network, or the user may have disabled
both Wi-Fi and mobile data access.
ConnectivityManager connMgr = (ConnectivityManager)
context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo networkInfo = connMgr.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if (networkInfo != null && networkInfo.isConnected()) {
// fetch data
} else {
// display error
}
4
5. Network Operations on a Separate Thread
Network operations can involve unpredictable delays. To prevent this from causing a poor user
experience, always perform network operations on a separate thread from the UI. The AsyncTask
class provides one of the simplest ways to fire off a new task from the UI thread.
private class DownloadWebpageTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> {
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... urls) {
try {
return downloadUrl(urls[0]);
} catch (IOException e) {
return "Unable to retrieve web page. URL may be invalid.";
}
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
textView.setText(result); // Executes in Main Thread
}
} 5
6. Connect and Download Data
In your thread that performs your network transactions, you can use HttpURLConnection to
perform a GET and download your data. After you call connect(), you can get an InputStream of
the data by calling getInputStream().
private String downloadUrl(String myurl) throws IOException {
InputStream is = null;
int len = 500; // Only display the first 500 characters
try {
URL url = new URL(myurl);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.connect(); // Starts the query
Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "The response code is: " + conn.getResponseCode()); // HTTP Response code
is = connection.getInputStream();
return readToString(is, len); // Convert the InputStream into a string; See next slide
} finally {
if (is != null)
is.close(); // Makes sure that the InputStream is close
}
} 6
7. Convert the InputStream to a Data
7
In the example shown above, the InputStream represents the text of a web page. This is how the
example converts the InputStream to a string so that the activity can display it in the UI:
public String readToString(InputStream stream, int len) throws IOException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
Reader reader = null;
reader = new InputStreamReader(stream, "UTF-8");
char[] buffer = new char[len];
reader.read(buffer);
return new String(buffer);
}
An InputStream is a readable source of bytes. Once you get an InputStream, it's common to
decode or convert it into a target data type. For example, if you were downloading image data, you
might decode and display it like this:
InputStream is = null;
… // Get some data
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);
ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image_view);
imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
8. Managing Network Usage
It is important to know how to write applications that have fine-grained control over
their usage of network resources.
If your application performs a lot of network operations, you should provide user
settings that allow users to control your app’s data habits, such as how often your
app syncs data, whether to perform uploads/downloads only when on Wi-Fi,
whether to use data while roaming, and so on. With these controls available to
them, users are much less likely to disable your app’s access to background data
when they approach their limits, because they can instead precisely control how
much data your app uses.
8
9. Check a Device's Network Connection
A device can have various types of network connections. This lesson focuses on using either a
Wi-Fi or a mobile network connection. For the full list of possible network types, see
ConnectivityManager.
Wi-Fi is typically faster. Also, mobile data is often metered, which can get expensive. A common
strategy for apps is to only fetch large data if a Wi-Fi network is available.
Before you perform network operations, it's good practice to check the state of network
connectivity. Among other things, this could prevent your app from inadvertently using the
wrong radio. If a network connection is unavailable, your application should respond gracefully.
9
10. Network Connection Type Example
To check the network connection, you typically use the following classes:
● ConnectivityManager: Answers queries about the state of network connectivity. It also
notifies applications when network connectivity changes.
● NetworkInfo: Describes the status of a network interface of a given type (currently either
Mobile or Wi-Fi).
private static final String DEBUG_TAG = "NetworkStatusExample";
ConnectivityManager connMgr = (ConnectivityManager)
getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo networkInfo = connMgr.getNetworkInfo(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI);
boolean isWifiConnected = networkInfo.isConnected();
networkInfo = connMgr.getNetworkInfo(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE);
boolean isMobileConnected = networkInfo.isConnected();
Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "Wifi connected: " + isWifiConnected);
Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "Mobile connected: " + isMobileConnected);
10
11. Efficient Network Access
Using the wireless radio to transfer data is potentially one of your
app's most significant sources of battery drain. To minimize the
battery drain associated with network activity, it's critical that you
understand how your connectivity model will affect the underlying
radio hardware.
It is good approach to minimize your data connections, use
prefetching, and bundle your transfers in order to minimize the
battery drain associated with your data transfers.
11
12. The Radio State Machine
The state machine for a typical 3G network radio consists of three energy states:
● Full power: Used when a connection is active, allowing the device to transfer
data at its highest possible rate.
● Low power: An intermediate state that uses around 50% of the battery power
at the full state.
● Standby: The minimal energy state during which no network connection is
active or required.
12
13. How Apps Impact the Radio States
13
For example, an app that transfers unbundled data for 1 second every 18 seconds will keep the
wireless radio perpetually active, moving it back to high power just as it was about to become idle.
As a result, every minute it will consume battery at the high power state for 18 seconds, and at the
low power state for the remaining 42 seconds.
By comparison, the same app that bundles transfers of 3 seconds of every minute will keep the
radio in the high power state for only 8 seconds, and will keep it in the low power state for only an
additional 12 seconds.
14. Prefetch Data
14
“The single most important measure: transmit as much data
as possible in a single burst and then end the connection.”
AT&T Labs
By front loading your transfers, you reduce the number of radio activations required to
download the data. As a result you not only conserve battery life, but also improve the
latency, lower the required bandwidth, and reduce download times.
Prefetching also provides an improved user experience by minimizing in-app latency
caused by waiting for downloads to complete before performing an action or viewing
data.
15. Android Libs for Effective Networking
15
Just a small amount of them
● Retrofit
● okHttp
● Volley
● RoboSpice
16. Retrofit Advantages
16
A type-safe HTTP client for Android for REST interfaces
From their site: "Retrofit turns your REST API into a Java interface.” It’s an elegant solution for
organizing API calls in a project. The request method and relative URL are added with an annotation,
which makes code clean and simple.
With annotations, you can easily add a request body, manipulate the URL or headers and add query
parameters.
Adding a return type to a method will make it synchronous, while adding a Callback will allow it to
finish asynchronously with success or failure.
Retrofit uses Gson by default, so there is no need for custom parsing. Other converters are supported
as well.
17. Retrofit Example
17
public interface RetrofitInterface {
@GET("/api/user")
User getUser(@Query("user_id") int userId, Callback<User> callback);// asynchronously with a callback
@POST("/api/user/register")
User registerUser(@Body User user);// synchronously
}
RetrofitInterface retrofitInterface = new RestAdapter.Builder()
.setEndpoint(API.API_URL).build().create(RetrofitInterface.class);
// fetch user with id 42
retrofitInterface.getUser(42, new Callback<User>() {
@Override
public void success(User user, Response response) {
}
@Override
public void failure(RetrofitError retrofitError) {
}
});
18. okHttp
18
OkHttp is an modern, fast and efficient Http client which supports HTTP/2 and SPDY and does a lot of
stuff for you. Reading how many things OkHttp does it’s a good way to understand how hard
networking is: Connection pooling, gziping, caching, recovers from network problems, sync and async
calls, redirects, retries … and so on.
OkHttp is a very capable networking tool out of the box, without the need of any REST library (Retrofit,
Volley…) and probably is the library most developers would choose if they could only include one
library in their projects.
OkHttp sits on top of Okio, a library that complements java.io and java.nio to make it much easier to
access, store, and process your data. It provides fast I/O and resizable buffers.
OkHttp depends Okio, but Okio can be used by its own.
19. Volley
19
Volley is a REST client that makes easy common networking tasks. Takes care of requesting, loading,
caching, threading, synchronization and some more stuff. It’s ready to deal with JSON, images,
caching, raw text and allow some customization.
Volley was design for RPC style network operations that populate the UI. Is good for short operations.
Volley by default uses as transport layer the Apache Http stack on Froyo and HttpURLConnection
stack on Gingerbread and above. The reason is there are problems with those http stacks have on
different Android versions.
Volley allow us to easily set up OkHttp as its transport layer.
Volley was developed by Google.
20. Volley Example
20
final TextView mTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);
… // Do something important
// Instantiate the RequestQueue.
RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);
String url ="http://www.google.com";
// Request a string response from the provided URL.
StringRequest stringRequest = new StringRequest(Request.Method.GET, url,
new Response.Listener<String>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(String response) {
// Display the first 500 characters of the response string.
mTextView.setText("Response is: "+ response.substring(0,500));
}
}, new Response.ErrorListener() {
@Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
mTextView.setText("That didn't work!");
}
});
queue.add(stringRequest); // Add the request to the RequestQueue.
21. RoboSpice
21
● perform a REST request to a web service (e.g. GitHub API)
● convert JSON results to POJOs (Plain Old Java Object)
● cache them on disk
● let you control cache expiry
● notify you app, on the UI thread, when result is ready.
public class DataListRequest extends SpringAndroidSpiceRequest<DataList> {
private String user;
public DataListRequest (String user) {
super(DataList.class);
this.user = user;
}
@Override
public DataList loadDataFromNetwork() throws Exception {
String url = String.format("https://api.site.com/users/%s/data", user);
return getRestTemplate().getForObject(url, DataList.class);
}
}
23. Bluetooth
23
The Android platform includes support for the Bluetooth network stack, which allows a
device to wirelessly exchange data with other Bluetooth devices. The application
framework provides access to the Bluetooth functionality through the Android Bluetooth
APIs. These APIs let applications wirelessly connect to other Bluetooth devices, enabling
point-to-point and multipoint wireless features.
Using the Bluetooth APIs, an Android application can perform the following:
● Scan for other Bluetooth devices
● Query the local Bluetooth adapter for paired Bluetooth devices
● Establish RFCOMM channels
● Connect to other devices through service discovery
● Transfer data to and from other devices
● Manage multiple connections
24. Bluetooth Permissions
24
In order to use Bluetooth features in your application, you must declare the Bluetooth
permission BLUETOOTH. You need this permission to perform any Bluetooth
communication.
If you want your app to initiate device discovery or manipulate Bluetooth settings, you
must also declare the BLUETOOTH_ADMIN permission. Most applications need this
permission solely for the ability to discover local Bluetooth devices. The other abilities
granted by this permission should not be used, unless the application is a "power
manager" that will modify Bluetooth settings upon user request. If you use
BLUETOOTH_ADMIN permission, then you must also have the BLUETOOTH permission.
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
25. Beginning work with Bluetooth
25
Get the BluetoothAdapter
BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
// Device does not support Bluetooth
}
Enable Bluetooth if not enabled
if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
Intent enableBluetoothIntent= new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(enableBluetoothIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);
}
Optionally, your application can also listen for the ACTION_STATE_CHANGED broadcast Intent, which
the system will broadcast whenever the Bluetooth state has changed. This broadcast contains the
extra fields EXTRA_STATE and EXTRA_PREVIOUS_STATE, containing the new and old Bluetooth
states, respectively. Possible values for these extra fields are STATE_TURNING_ON, STATE_ON,
STATE_TURNING_OFF, and STATE_OFF.
26. Discovery
26
Device discovery is a scanning procedure that
searches the local area for Bluetooth enabled devices
and then requesting some information about each one
(this is sometimes referred to as "discovering,"
"inquiring" or "scanning"). However, a Bluetooth device
within the local area will respond to a discovery
request only if it is currently enabled to be
discoverable. If a device is discoverable, it will respond
to the discovery request by sharing some information,
such as the device name, class, and its unique MAC
address. Using this information, the device performing
discovery can then choose to initiate a connection to
the discovered device.
27. Querying paired devices
27
Before performing device discovery, its worth querying the set of paired devices to see if
the desired device is already known. To do so, call getBondedDevices(). This will return
a Set of BluetoothDevices representing paired devices. For example, you can query all
paired devices and then show the name of each device to the user:
Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
// Loop through paired devices
for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
// Just output Name and Address to log
Log.d("Devices Info: ", device.getName() + "n" + device.getAddress());
}
}
28. Connecting to Devices
28
When you want to connect two devices, one must act as a server by holding an open
BluetoothServerSocket. The purpose of the server socket is to listen for incoming
connection requests and when one is accepted, provide a connected BluetoothSocket.
When the BluetoothSocket is acquired from the BluetoothServerSocket, the
BluetoothServerSocket can (and should) be discarded, unless you want to accept
more connections.
● Get a BluetoothServerSocket by calling the
listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(String, UUID).
● Start listening for connection requests by calling accept().
● Unless you want to accept additional connections, call close().
See more, e.g. on https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/bluetooth.html
29. Bluetooth Profiles
29
You can implement the interface BluetoothProfile to write your own classes to support a
particular Bluetooth profile. The Android Bluetooth API provides implementations for the
following Bluetooth profiles:
● Headset. The Headset profile provides support for Bluetooth headsets to be used
with mobile phones.
● A2DP. The Advanced Audio Distribution Profile (A2DP) profile defines how high
quality audio can be streamed from one device to another over a Bluetooth
connection.
● Health Device. Android 4.0 (API level 14) introduces support for the Bluetooth
Health Device Profile (HDP). This lets you create applications that use Bluetooth to
communicate with health devices that support Bluetooth, such as heart-rate
monitors, blood meters, thermometers, scales, and so on.
30. Near Field Communication
30
Near Field Communication (NFC) is a set of short-range wireless technologies, typically
requiring a distance of 4cm or less to initiate a connection. NFC allows you to share small
payloads of data between an NFC tag and an Android-powered device, or between two
Android-powered devices.
Tags can range in complexity. Simple tags offer just read and write semantics, sometimes
with one-time-programmable areas to make the card read-only. More complex tags offer
math operations, and have cryptographic hardware to authenticate access to a sector.
The most sophisticated tags contain operating environments, allowing complex
interactions with code executing on the tag. The data stored in the tag can also be
written in a variety of formats, but many of the Android framework APIs are based around
a NFC Forum standard called NDEF (NFC Data Exchange Format).
31. NFC Modes
31
Android-powered devices with NFC simultaneously support three main modes of
operation:
● Reader/writer mode, allowing the NFC device to read and/or write passive NFC tags
and stickers.
● P2P mode, allowing the NFC device to exchange data with other NFC peers; this
operation mode is used by Android Beam.
● Card emulation mode, allowing the NFC device itself to act as an NFC card. The
emulated NFC card can then be accessed by an external NFC reader, such as an
NFC point-of-sale terminal.
32. NFC: is it all?
32
NFC is a technology which is complex enough.
NFC communication performs through Magnetic Field coupling, like RFID.