Methods of Research

Here are brief explanations for the test questions: 1. Qualitative research is a form of social inquiry that focuses on understanding and interpreting how people make sense of their experiences and the world in which they live. It involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data to understand concepts, perceptions and experiences. 2. The three basic types of research approaches are: - Scientific approach - deals with empirical data and allows control of variables. Uses quantitative methods. - Naturalistic approach - people-oriented and focuses on understanding real meanings and social relations. Uses qualitative methods. - Triangulation/mixed method - combines research designs, data collection and analysis techniques to enhance validity. The naturalistic approach is people-oriented and focuses on

Research is defined as a systematic, methodical process of investigation leading to new discoveries. It involves collecting empirical data through observation and analysis in order to increase understanding of a topic. Research aims to be logical, analytical, and reproducible to allow others to confirm findings. It serves purposes like exploration, description, and evaluation. Research ethics require honesty, objectivity, integrity, and respect for colleagues, intellectual property, and human/animal subjects.

This is lesson 2 of the course on Research Methodology conducted at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities of the Rajarata University of Sri Lanka

This document provides an overview of quantitative research. It defines quantitative research as research that collects and analyzes numerical data using statistical or computational techniques. The key characteristics of quantitative research outlined include using structured instruments to collect data, analyzing data from large samples, establishing relationships between variables, and generalizing results. Both the strengths and weaknesses of quantitative research are discussed, with strengths including allowing for broader studies and objective results, and weaknesses including potentially overlooking unique cases and contextual factors. Examples of quantitative variables that can be measured are also provided.

The document discusses conceptual frameworks, including what they are, how they should be structured, and their purposes. It defines a conceptual framework as a visual or narrative explanation of the key variables or concepts in a study and their relationships. It notes conceptual frameworks should identify relevant variables, define concepts, outline relationships between inputs and outputs, and help explain answers to research questions. The document provides steps for developing a conceptual framework, including identifying concepts, defining and operationalizing them, and showing relationships between variables. It includes an example conceptual framework on women's autonomy in household decision making.

The document discusses theoretical and conceptual frameworks. It defines a theoretical framework as providing context and rationale for examining problems by developing hypotheses and guiding research design and interpretation. A conceptual framework outlines possible approaches to an idea. The document provides guidance on developing frameworks, including selecting concepts, identifying relationships between concepts, defining concepts, and formulating the theoretical rationale. Frameworks can be descriptive, explanatory, or predictive. The document also discusses critiquing frameworks and the contribution of nursing frameworks to research.

This document defines key terms related to theoretical and conceptual frameworks, including concepts, constructs, variables, conceptual framework, and theoretical framework. It explains that a conceptual framework consists of concepts and proposed relationships between concepts, while a theoretical framework is based on existing theories. The purposes of conceptual and theoretical frameworks are to clarify concepts, propose relationships between concepts, provide context for interpreting findings, and stimulate further research and theory development.

After data is collected, it must be processed which includes verifying, organizing, transforming, and extracting the data for analysis. There are several steps to processing data including categorizing it based on the study objectives, coding it numerically or alphabetically, and tabulating and analyzing it using appropriate statistical tools. Statistics help remove researcher bias by interpreting data statistically rather than subjectively. Descriptive statistics are used to describe basic features of data like counts and percentages while inferential statistics are used to infer properties of a population from a sample.

This document provides an introduction to quantitative research. It defines quantitative research as collecting and analyzing numerical data to explore, describe, explain, or predict trends. Quantitative research aims for objectivity and controls outside factors. It states hypotheses and uses statistics to analyze results. The document outlines reasons for quantitative research such as exploration, description, explanation, prediction, and evaluation. It also describes common types of quantitative research designs and the key components of measurement, sampling, research design, and statistical procedures.

The course aims to introduce the basic ideas, concepts and principles of research methodology, the problem, methods of research, preparation of research instruments designed to arrive at exact analysis and interpretation of data.

This document discusses research instruments used for data collection. It describes three common instruments: questionnaires, interviews, and observation. Questionnaires involve structured questions to elicit responses, while interviews can be structured, unstructured, or focused. Observation can involve participating or non-participating. The document provides examples of each type of instrument and discusses characteristics of good instruments, such as being valid and reliable. It also outlines steps to prepare questionnaires and types of questions used.

This document provides an outline for developing a research proposal. It includes sections for background information, defining the research problem, formulating objectives, selecting a research topic, and identifying variables and measurements. Sample questions are given to help formulate a clear research problem. The purpose is to guide the researcher in developing the key components of an empirical study, including subjects, test organisms, study location, and phenomenon. Target beneficiaries are identified. References are also included. The overall goal is to design a scientifically sound research proposal or study.

There are many ways to classify research, including by purpose, goal, level of investigation, type of analysis, scope, choice of answers to problems, statistical content, and time element. Some of the main classifications are basic/pure research conducted for intellectual purposes versus applied research which tests theories in practice, quantitative research which uses statistics versus non-quantitative, and historical research which describes the past versus descriptive or experimental.

This document outlines the key steps in the research methodology process. It defines research as a systematic effort to gain new knowledge. The main steps include: reviewing existing literature, identifying problems, setting objectives and hypotheses, planning the methodology, executing the research, analyzing data, drawing inferences, and disseminating findings. It also discusses defining the research problem precisely, formulating objectives, conducting a literature review to learn from past studies, and concluding the research by summarizing the findings and their significance.

- The researcher analyzed survey data from 200 Muslim government officers regarding their concern for halal products. Officers were grouped by level of management: top, middle, supervisor. - A chi-square test found no significant relationship between level of management and concern for halal products. The calculated chi-square value of 0.79 was less than the critical value of 9.49, so the null hypothesis that there is no difference was accepted. - In summary, the level of management (top, middle, supervisor) did not have an effect on officers' reported concern for halal products based on this analysis of the survey data.

This document discusses conceptual frameworks, theories, and research questions/hypotheses in qualitative and quantitative research. It provides: 1. An overview of what conceptual frameworks are and how they are used to define variables and relationships in a study. 2. Descriptions of how theories are applied differently in qualitative versus quantitative research, such as testing theories deductively in quantitative research and generating theories inductively in qualitative research. 3. Guidelines for writing good qualitative research questions, quantitative research questions/hypotheses, and mixed methods research questions/hypotheses.

This document discusses theoretical and conceptual frameworks. It defines a theoretical framework as providing rationale for relationships between variables in a research study, analogous to the frame of a house. A conceptual framework outlines courses of action or preferred approaches. The document describes developing frameworks by selecting concepts and relationships, and defining concepts operationally. Frameworks guide entire research studies by informing hypotheses, observations, designs, and interpretations. Theories can be descriptive, explanatory, or predictive and are tested through different research types. Nursing frameworks contribute unique perspectives on persons, environments, health, and nursing. Frameworks should be clearly identified and defined, with logical relationships supported by literature.

The document discusses various types of research including applied research, basic research, correlational research, descriptive research, ethnographic research, experimental research, and exploratory research. Applied research seeks practical solutions to problems, while basic research expands knowledge without a direct application. Correlational research examines relationships between variables without determining cause and effect. Descriptive research provides accurate portrayals of characteristics, and ethnographic research involves in-depth study of cultures. Experimental research establishes cause-and-effect through controlled manipulation of variables.

This document provides an overview of key concepts in research methodology, including: 1. It defines research as an organized and systematic process of finding answers to questions through a defined set of steps and procedures. 2. It discusses different types of research including quantitative, qualitative, basic, applied, longitudinal, descriptive, classification, comparative, exploratory, explanatory, causal, theory testing, and theory building research. 3. It also discusses alternatives to research-based knowledge such as relying on authority, tradition, common sense, media, and personal experience.

The document discusses various research designs including qualitative research design, quantitative research design, action research design, case study design, causal design, cohort design, and cross-sectional design. For each design, it provides definitions, purposes, advantages, and limitations. The key information provided is the definitions and purposes of the different research designs as well as lists of their advantages and limitations.

This document classifies research into three main categories: basic research, applied research, and action research. It also describes strategies for research, dividing them into quantitative and qualitative methods. Basic research aims to develop and refine theory, while applied research focuses on problem solving. Action research involves practitioners studying their own problems. Quantitative research uses statistical analysis and large sample sizes, while qualitative research relies on collecting stories and developing narratives from smaller samples. The document provides examples of studies conducted with these different approaches.

This document provides guidelines for formatting a thesis or dissertation for submission to the Graduate School of Pangasinan State University. It includes specifications for pagination, chapter headings, theoretical frameworks, conceptual frameworks, statements of the problem, research hypotheses, scopes and delimitations, significance of the studies, and definitions of terms. Key requirements include using roman numerals for preliminaries and Arabic numerals for the body, providing theoretical justification, outlining a conceptual framework diagram, specifically stating research problems and sub-problems, and defining important terms. The document aims to standardize thesis/dissertation formatting for the Graduate School.

This document outlines a research plan to investigate how effectively Hong Kong English teachers integrate information and communication technology (ICT) into their lesson preparation. The plan involves collecting consent forms in September 2008, administering online questionnaires and interviews in October 2008, conducting post-tests in January 2009, analyzing the data through February 2009, and submitting the final research in late February 2009. The significance of the research is that it could provide insight into teachers' use of technology and libraries, inform school ICT development and policies, and explore whether ICT enhances or adds to teachers' workloads when preparing lessons.

The document discusses the importance of developing a research plan before conducting research. It notes that a research plan should include the overall purpose and how the outputs will be used and communicated. Key contents of a research plan are the research objective, problem definition, operational terms, methods, techniques, population, sampling, and data processing. Sections of a research plan include specific aims, background and significance, preliminary studies, and research design and methods. Developing a thorough research plan is important for organizing ideas and obtaining necessary feedback before beginning experimental work.

This document discusses various research instruments used to collect data, including questionnaires, interviews, rating scales, checklists, sociometry, document analysis, scorecards, teacher-made tools, and observation. It provides details on closed and open questionnaires, structured vs unstructured interviews, different types of rating scales, and criteria for measuring the validity and reliability of research instruments. The purpose of research instruments is to systematically gather information to address the objectives of a study.

This document outlines the steps for planning a research project. It discusses pre-planning including defining an idea and parameters. Researchers must clearly define the problem, determine the purpose such as being exploratory or descriptive, and identify constraints like time, money, and resources. The literature should be reviewed to learn from past work and guide methodology. Primary data collection is generally more beneficial than secondary sources. The project needs objectives, hypotheses, and an appropriate research design involving choosing a method like experiments, surveys, or focus groups and developing a methodology for data collection and analysis and report preparation.

The document discusses the benefits of qualitative research over quantitative research. It notes that qualitative research provides a more in-depth understanding of human behavior through smaller, focused samples and investigates why and how people make decisions. An example is provided comparing a quantitative survey of 1,000 customers with a qualitative study that shadowed 15 customers, finding the qualitative research provided more actionable insights. These insights, such as customers' dislike of voicemail, helped improve a company's marketing strategy.

This document discusses various methods and considerations for collecting and analyzing data. It describes primary and secondary data sources and qualitative and quantitative methods. It also discusses different research tools like questionnaires, interviews, and mechanical devices. Guidelines are provided for developing questionnaires and conducting interviews. Different types of questions, interview formats, and potential issues are outlined. Overall, the document provides an overview of data collection methods and best practices for tools like questionnaires and interviews.

This document defines key terms used in research and discusses the importance of defining terms, conceptual definitions, operational definitions, and examples of each. It also discusses variables, including dependent and independent variables. The key points are: 1) Defining important concepts and terms precisely is important for clear communication between researchers and readers. 2) Conceptual definitions describe the general meaning of a term, while operational definitions specify how the term is measured or manipulated in a study. 3) Variables are characteristics that can take on different values, with dependent variables as the outcome and independent variables as potential influences.

This document discusses different systems for classifying soils, including particle size, textural, Highway Research Board (HRB), Unified Soil Classification System (USCS), and Indian Standard Classification System (ISCS). The USCS system divides soils into four main groups - coarse grained, fine grained, organic, and peat. Each soil is designated a two letter symbol based on grain type and plasticity. The ISCS system is similar but subdivides fine grained soils into low, intermediate, and high plasticity groups. Classification involves analyzing particle size distribution and plasticity characteristics on a chart to determine the appropriate group.

The document discusses key concepts related to formulating and testing hypotheses, including: - Null and alternative hypotheses, which are mutually exclusive statements tested through sample analysis. - Type I and Type II errors that can occur when making decisions to accept or reject the null hypothesis. - The level of significance, critical region, and test statistics used to determine whether to reject the null hypothesis. - The differences between one-tailed and two-tailed tests, parametric vs. non-parametric tests, and one-sample vs. two-sample tests.

This document discusses various methods for collecting research data, including primary and secondary sources. It describes different types of self-report methods like interviews, questionnaires, and scales. Interviews can be structured, unstructured, or semi-structured. Questionnaires contain different types of questions in various formats. Scales discussed include Likert scales, semantic differential scales, and visual analog scales. The document provides advantages and disadvantages of each method.

This document provides an introduction to qualitative research methods. It outlines some key differences between qualitative and quantitative research, including that qualitative research is subjective, holistic, and aims to understand why and how phenomena occur rather than objective measurements. It also describes some common qualitative research designs like phenomenology, ethnography, and grounded theory. The document then covers methods for collecting qualitative data through interviews, focus groups, observation, and documents. It provides guidance on analyzing, coding, and presenting the results of qualitative research.

This presentation by Hooria Shahzad is about measuring instruments in which we study metre rule, measuring tape, vernier callipers and screw gauge ; construction of vernier callipers and screw gauge.

This document provides an overview of the key differences between quantitative and qualitative research methods. Quantitative research aims to test hypotheses and make predictions by studying specific variables through structured data collection from large randomly selected groups, which is then analyzed statistically. Qualitative research seeks to understand social phenomena through descriptive data like words and images collected from smaller non-random groups via open-ended questions, interviews and observations, with the goal of gaining insights rather than making generalized predictions.

The document discusses the format and structure of a research report. It begins by outlining the main sections, which are the preliminary section, body of the report, and reference section. The preliminary section includes things like the title page, preface/acknowledgements, table of contents, and lists of tables/figures. The body of the report includes the introduction, design of the study, analysis and interpretation of data, and summary and conclusions. The reference section includes the bibliography and appendix. General rules for typing the report are also provided, such as margins, spacing, and abbreviations.

The document discusses key concepts related to data processing including data, variables, cases, information, the steps of data processing, elements of data processing such as coding and tabulation, common problems, and software used for processing such as SPSS, SAS, and Quantum. Data processing converts raw data into usable information through steps like coding, cleaning, validating, classifying, tabulating, and analyzing the data. Tables are an important output and must be clearly formatted and labeled.

This document discusses different types of research designs, including descriptive, exploratory, experimental, and diagnostic designs. It provides details on what each design involves, such as descriptive designs attempting to describe characteristics of individuals and exploratory designs examining phenomena to develop hypotheses. The document also outlines key aspects of different designs, such as descriptive designs answering who, what, where, when and how questions, and experimental designs enabling comparison of conditions and drawing conclusions about observed differences. Finally, it discusses how research objectives influence the choice of appropriate research design, such as exploratory designs for gaining background information.

This document outlines the key aspects of research formulation according to Dr. Ved Nath Jha. It discusses the meaning of research, objectives of research such as gaining insights or testing hypotheses. It also covers types of research methods and methodology. The research process involves formulating the problem, conducting a literature review, developing hypotheses, designing the research, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting results. Developing good working hypotheses requires discussions with experts and preliminary investigations. An effective research design considers how information will be obtained and organized within time and cost constraints. Rigorous criteria for good research include clearly defining the purpose, describing the methodology, using objective procedures, acknowledging limitations, conducting adequate analysis, and limiting conclusions to what the data supports.

This document provides an overview of mixed methods research. It defines mixed methods research as combining quantitative and qualitative research techniques in a single study. The document discusses the purposes of mixed methods research, compares qualitative and quantitative research, and examines the philosophical basis of pragmatism in mixed methods. It also outlines various mixed methods research designs, procedures for planning a mixed methods study, and strengths and weaknesses of the approach.

This document provides an overview of general research methodology. It defines key terms like research methods and methodology. It discusses the objectives, types, and requirements of research like developing a problem statement, reviewing literature, and study design. It describes different types of studies like descriptive, analytical, and applied. The document emphasizes that research must be systematic, logical, empirical, and replicable to be considered good. It provides examples of various parts of the research process and criteria for evaluating research.

This document outlines a seminar presentation on research methodology in geography given by Lakhveer Singh. It discusses key concepts like deductive and inductive reasoning, hypotheses, theory, and empiricism. It also covers the different types of research designs, including cross-sectional, longitudinal, time series, and panel designs. Finally, it outlines the typical steps in the research process, including problem definition, literature review, data collection and analysis, and drawing conclusions. The overall purpose is to introduce students to fundamental aspects of developing and conducting geographic research.

The document provides an overview of different types of research designs including experimental, quasi-experimental, ex-post facto, correlational, and their key features. Experimental designs aim to test hypotheses and establish causation through random assignment and manipulation of independent variables. Quasi-experimental designs are similar but do not use random assignment. Ex-post facto designs examine causes of effects that have already occurred. Correlational designs measure relationships between non-manipulated variables. Different designs have advantages for different research questions depending on feasibility and need for control.

This document provides an overview of research methodology basics, including the meaning of research, objectives of research, types of research, and the research process. It discusses quantitative and qualitative research methods. Quantitative research uses numerical data and statistical analysis, while qualitative research seeks to understand human behavior through in-depth exploration. Both methods have limitations, such as issues of validity, reliability, and generalizability for qualitative research, and lack of context for quantitative. The document also lists top international research institutes for economics and important research institutes in India. It provides definitions and characteristics of research and covers the key steps in the research process.

This document provides guidelines for writing a technical review for a midterm exam. It discusses the components of a position paper, including outlining a thesis, acknowledging opposing positions, and maintaining one's own position. It also covers conducting research, including defining variables, stating a problem, and setting objectives. The document outlines parts of a research paper such as literature reviews, methodology, and data analysis. Research approaches can be qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods. Sampling techniques include probability and non-probability methods.

Language and Literature Research (7 of 16) Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) Reviewer for Majorship-English Secondary.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES IN ARCHITECTURE, ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI M.ARCH. (ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE) UNIT I INTRODUCTION ➔ Basic research issues and concepts ➔ orientation to research process Types of research ➔ historical, qualitative, correlational ,experimental, simulation and modeling, Logical and argumentation, case study and mixed methods ➔ illustration using research samples UNIT II RESEARCH PROCESS ➔ Elements of Research process: ➔ finding a topic- writing an introduction ➔ stating a purpose of study identifying key research questions and hypotheses ➔ reviewing literature,using theory defining ,delimiting and stating the significance of the study, ➔ advanced methods and procedures for data collection and analysis ➔ illustration using research samples UNIT III RESEARCHING AND DATA COLLECTION ➔ Library and archives ➔ Internet: New information and the role of internet ➔ finding and evaluating sources ➔ misuse- test for reliability- ethics Methods of data collection ➔ From primary sources ➔ observation and recording, interviews, structured and unstructured, questionnaire, open ended and close ended questions and the advantages, sampling ➔ Problems encountered in collecting data from secondary sources. UNIT IV REPORT WRITING ➔ Research writing in general ➔ Components: referencing ➔ writing the bibliography ➔ Developing the outline ➔ presentation. UNIT V CASE STUDIES ➔ Case studies in the relevant discipline illustrating how good research can be used from project inception to completion ➔ review of research publications.

- Case study is one of the most widely used qualitative research approaches and involves an in-depth study of a phenomenon within its real-world context. - There is no set design for case studies as the design depends on the specific case and research problem being examined. Key elements of case study research include defining the case, collecting multiple types of data over an extended period of time, and representing both insider and outsider perspectives. - Case studies aim to provide rich descriptions of phenomena and develop explanations for observations. Sound case studies demonstrate thorough data collection and use valid and reliable research methods.

This document outlines the research methodology process in 15 steps: (1) formulating the research problem, (2) reviewing literature, (3) specifying a hypothesis, (4) explaining the research design, (5) arranging the sample, (6) collecting data, (7) analyzing data, (8) testing the hypothesis, (9) proposing interpretations, (10) writing a report, (11) oral defense, (12) manuscript compilation, (13) expert evaluation, and (14) manuscript submission and selection. It discusses key aspects of several steps, including defining the research problem, reviewing conceptual and empirical literature, developing research, null, and alternative hypotheses, and determining sample selection methods.

The document discusses quantitative research methods. It defines quantitative research as seeking to quantify data and generalize results from a sample to a population. Key concepts covered include descriptive research, which describes current statuses of variables, and correlational research, which examines relationships between variables without manipulating them. Common quantitative research designs like surveys, experiments, and ex post facto research are described. The document also discusses validity, reliability, sampling, data types, and the statistical analysis process.

This document discusses key aspects of research methodology. It begins by defining research as a systematic process of examining a topic closely through various methods such as observation and experimentation. The document then outlines several types of research including pure research, applied research, descriptive research, and correlational research. It also discusses different research methods like library research, field research, and laboratory research. The rest of the document delves into various steps of research methodology such as formulating hypotheses, preparing a research design, identifying variable types, and qualifying a rigorous research. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of conceptualizing and planning a scientific research study.

This document outlines the course syllabus for Methods of Research. The course aims to introduce students to basic research concepts, principles, and methods. It will cover topics such as defining a research problem, reviewing related literature, different types of research designs and methods, sampling, data collection and analysis, and writing a thesis proposal. Students will apply what they learn by developing a research proposal on a topic of their choice. Assessment will include exams, individual outputs such as an oral presentation and written thesis proposal, and class participation. Upon completing the course, students should understand how to conduct research and be able to utilize the research process to construct their own thesis proposal.

Top of Form Assignment 1 Bottom of Form Assignment 3: Research Manuscript Critique Part 1 Please post your assignment by submitting it by the due date assigned to theSubmissions Area. Complete each item listed below for each manuscript. Step 1: Access the Shared Documents at the bottom of the Course Content Menuin your online classroom. Step 2: Select the sub-module which pertains to your discipline—Research Articles_Business or Research Articles_Social Sciences. Step 3: Select Three manuscripts in your area of study to examine throughout this course: · 1 qualitative study · 1 quantitative study · 1 mixed methods study Critique the manuscripts using the checklists below. You will be using these research articles to help you understand what exactly goes into the research methods for dissertations and other research. Each module you will identify specific elements in these research articles relating specifically to that module. These will serve as great examples for what you will need to do in your own research! Complete the following research manuscript critique for each selected article. Manuscript Reference: (Include the APA style Reference here) Type of Study: (Quantitative, Qualitative, Mixed Methods) Research Topic: (Identify the phenomenon of interest.) Purpose of the Study: (Briefly, in 1-3 sentences, describe the purpose or significance of the study) Overarching Research Question or Theory: (What is the primary research question or theory for this study?) Specific Research Questions/ Philosophical Underpinnings: (Include the specific research questions, hypotheses or philosophical underpinnings for each study.) All written assignments and responses should follow APA rules for attributing sources. Assignment 3 Grading Criteria Maximum Points Identified 3 research articles using 3 different research designs including: Quantitative, Qualitative and Mixed Methods. 3 Correctly identified the type of methodology used for each research article selected. 3 Identified the research topic for each study. 3 Described the purpose or significance of each study. 6 Identified the overarching research question or theory for each study. 6 Identified specific research questions, hypotheses, or philosophical underpinnings for each study. 12 Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources, displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation. Justified ideas and responses by using appropriate examples and references from texts, Web sites, and other references or personal experience. Followed APA rules for attributing sources. 6 Total: 39 Assignment 2 Assignment 2: Formulating Research Questions The purpose of this assignment is to demonstrate how the research question informs the choice of methodology. Formulate your research question or theory (for some qualitative work) and identify which type of methodological approach would best answer your question: Quantitative, ...

This presentation discusses research design and its types

This course introduces students to research methodology. It provides an overview of quantitative and qualitative research methods and their application in higher education. The course aims to help students develop key research skills including conducting literature reviews, using APA style citations, identifying elements of research proposals, and understanding different research designs. Assessment focuses on demonstrating knowledge of research processes and writing skills. A core assignment involves producing a 10-12 page literature review and presentation on a higher education topic of interest. The concept paper format outlined provides guidance for structuring research proposals, including sections on introduction, problem statement, objectives, methodology and literature review.

This document outlines the key steps and concepts in the research methods process. It discusses (1) defining the research problem, which involves understanding the nature of the problem and formulating clear research objectives; (2) conducting a literature review to understand previous work; (3) developing hypotheses; (4) designing the research methodology; (5) determining sampling methods; (6) collecting primary and secondary data; (7) analyzing the data and testing hypotheses; (8) interpreting findings and generalizing results; and (9) preparing the final research report. The overall goal is to systematically investigate an issue, analyze collected information, and draw objective conclusions to address the stated research problem.

This document provides an overview of quantitative and qualitative research approaches. It defines quantitative research as deductive, using numeric data from large samples to test hypotheses and analyze relationships between variables objectively. Qualitative research is defined as inductive, relying on words from smaller samples to understand participant experiences subjectively and identify themes in the data. The key differences between the two approaches are described in terms of identifying research problems, reviewing literature, specifying research purposes and questions, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting results. The document also discusses research design and types of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods designs.

This document summarizes key points from the book "Good to Great" by Jim Collins about what differentiates companies that go from good to great. It discusses that great companies have Level 5 Leaders who are modest and driven. They also focus first on getting the right people on the team before deciding on strategies. Additionally, they confront the brutal facts of reality and develop a simple "Hedgehog Concept". Finally, great companies create a culture of discipline and use technology to accelerate existing momentum, not create it.

The real meaning of Christmas is the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ. While many see Christmas as a time of gifts, food, and decorations, it marks the arrival of God sending his son to earth. Jesus was born in Bethlehem to save humanity from sin. His birth brought great joy to shepherds and wise men who knew he was no ordinary baby. God sent Jesus to one day pay the price for humanity's sins through his death on the cross so that all may be forgiven and have eternal life in heaven. Inviting Jesus into one's heart allows true happiness and joy at Christmas that lasts all year.

The document discusses several theories of motivation: Cognitive Evaluation Theory proposes that extrinsic rewards can decrease intrinsic motivation; Goal Setting Theory asserts that specific, difficult goals lead to higher performance; Self Efficacy Theory involves an individual's belief in their ability to succeed; Reinforcement Theory focuses on the relationship between behaviors and consequences; Equity Theory examines fairness in compensation; and Expectancy Theory states that motivation depends on expectations of effort leading to results and rewards. The document provides details on each theory's key concepts and how they relate to understanding employee motivation.

A social system is a complex set of human relationships within an organization that is in a state of dynamic equilibrium. The culture of an organization represents the shared values, beliefs, and norms that guide behavior. Factors like roles, status, and power dynamics influence relationships between people in the social system and organizational culture. Maintaining equilibrium while allowing for natural changes helps the social system and culture adapt over time.

Lessons 1, 2 and 3 for Graduate Students in MA Ed. M at Polytechnic College of La Union, Agoo, La Union

The document discusses the process of strategic planning for schools. It begins by defining strategic planning and its importance. There are then 7 steps outlined: 1) gathering internal and external information, 2) identifying critical issues, 3) developing a vision statement, 4) reviewing the mission statement, 5) establishing goals, 6) formulating strategies, and 7) setting annual objectives. The purpose is to help schools determine their priorities and allocate resources effectively to achieve desired results over the next few years.

This document discusses different types of communication in organizations. It begins by defining formal communication as flowing along prescribed channels that members must follow, including vertical and horizontal communication. Vertical communication involves communication between managers and their subordinates or superiors. Downward communication flows from superiors to subordinates to give directions, policies, and performance updates. Upward communication flows from subordinates to superiors and provides feedback, addresses grievances, and offers suggestions. Horizontal communication occurs between peers at the same level and facilitates coordination. The document also discusses informal communication, also known as the grapevine, which occurs through unofficial channels and transcends formal lines.

This document discusses action research, which is a type of applied educational research conducted by teachers to help solve classroom-level problems. Action research is less rigorous than other educational research. It focuses on collaborative problem-solving by teachers in small groups. The document then provides guidance on formulating the objectives, methodology, evaluation criteria, results, conclusions, and recommendations for an action research study.

This document provides an overview of organizational behavior concepts. It discusses key topics like the nature of people and organizations, forces that influence organizational behavior like structure and environment, and historical developments in the field like the Hawthorne Studies. The document also outlines components of organizational behavior like individual, group, and organizational processes and benefits of studying OB like developing workplace skills.

This document discusses delegation and empowerment. It defines delegation as assigning responsibility and granting authority to allow employees to excel. Delegation involves three steps - assigning responsibility, granting authority, and creating accountability. Empowerment means enjoying tasks are delegated and employees are developed by giving specific assignments focused on objectives to allow them to plan and present solutions while the supervisor communicates and takes blame to share credit.

Presentation delivered during the Regular Monthly Meeting of NAPSSHI La Union @ Revelation Resort Caba, La Union

This document discusses school leadership in the context of a School-Based Management (SBM) environment. It outlines 10 principles of effective school leadership, including setting accountable goals, ensuring jobs are understood and accomplished, and developing teamwork. The roles and functions of school heads as educational leaders are also described, such as setting the vision and curriculum, and creating an environment conducive to teaching and learning. Different levels of school leadership maturity are identified from standard to progressive to mature. The challenges of collective responsibility and utilizing skills in communication, collaboration, and community building are also highlighted.

The document summarizes key details about the implementation of the K to 12 program in the Philippines. It will be rolled out gradually from 2011-2018, adding Grade 11 in 2016-2017 and Grade 12 in 2017-2018. The two additional years will be at the senior high school level. Kindergarten is now mandatory preparation for Grade 1. Resources needs will be addressed through increased budget, support from LGUs and private partners.

Cuenca National High School identified four priority areas for improvement for the 2010-2011 school year: 1) Increasing NAT scores by 2% through a review enhancement program. 2) Reducing the dropout rate by 2% by identifying at-risk students and offering modular classes. 3) Enhancing teaching and learning through an ICT mentorship and peer coaching program and gathering lesson plans and materials. 4) Improving physical facilities by completing a school perimeter fence and rehabilitating the PTA building with funds from local government units and donations.

Cuenca National High School's entry to the Division of La Union's Search for the BEST School Initiative Towards Excellence and won Second Place under the Academic Category

The document discusses planning for meaningful educational change through the use of technology. It notes that the planning process is important, and that a successful plan involves defined educational outcomes and a pathway to achieve them, rather than just a list of purchases. Studies also show that changing attitudes through planning can be more impactful than the technologies alone. Good plans are developed through consensus and collaboration with the whole community. The document also outlines stages of integrating technology from familiarization to evolution, and possible ways to assess the impact of technology integration such as observations, surveys, monitoring plans, and discussions.

Odoo allows users to split long shifts into multiple segments directly from the Gantt view.Each segment retains details of the original shift, such as employee assignment, start time, end time, and specific tasks or descriptions.

There are 3 types of inheritance in odoo Classical, Extension, and Delegation. Delegation inheritance is used to sink other models to our custom model. And there is no change in the views. This slide will discuss delegation inheritance and its use cases in odoo 17.

Presented as a plenary session in iTELL 2024 in Salatiga on 4 July 2024. The plenary focuses on understanding and intepreting relevant TPACK competence for teachers to be adept in teaching multimodality in the digital age. It juxtaposes the results of research on multimodality with its contextual implementation in the teaching of English subject in the Indonesian Emancipated Curriculum.

NLC Lessons Grade 10

Here we are going to discuss how to store data in Odoo 17 Website. It includes defining a model with few fields in it. Add demo data into the model using data directory. Also using a controller, pass the values into the template while rendering it and display the values in the website.

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Principles of Rood’s Approach Treatment technique used in physiotherapy for neurological patients which aids them to recover and improve quality of life Facilitatory techniques Inhibitory techniques

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In Odoo, the pivot view is a graphical representation of data that allows users to analyze and summarize large datasets quickly. It's a powerful tool for generating insights from your business data. The pivot view in Odoo is a valuable tool for analyzing and summarizing large datasets, helping you gain insights into your business operations.

This book for Allied Health Sciences, DPT and BS Nursing for 1st and 2nd semester.

MATATAG curriculum training

With Odoo, we can select from a wide selection of attractive themes. Many excellent ones are free to use, while some require payment. Putting an Odoo theme in the Odoo module directory on our server, downloading the theme, and then installing it is a simple process.

Presentations by Adriano Linzarini and Daniel Catarino da Silva of the OECD Rethinking Assessment of Social and Emotional Skills project from the OECD webinar "Innovations in measuring social and emotional skills and what AI will bring next" on 5 July 2024

DANH SÁCH THÍ SINH XÉT TUYỂN SỚM ĐỦ ĐIỀU KIỆN TRÚNG TUYỂN ĐẠI HỌC CHÍNH QUY NĂM 2024 KHỐI NGÀNH NGOÀI SƯ PHẠM

As artificial intelligence continues to evolve, understanding the complexities and regulations regarding AI risk management is more crucial than ever. Amongst others, the webinar covers: • ISO/IEC 42001 standard, which provides guidelines for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continually improving AI management systems within organizations • insights into the European Union's landmark legislative proposal aimed at regulating AI • framework and methodologies prescribed by ISO/IEC 23894 for identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks associated with AI systems Presenters: Miriama Podskubova - Attorney at Law Miriama is a seasoned lawyer with over a decade of experience. She specializes in commercial law, focusing on transactions, venture capital investments, IT, digital law, and cybersecurity, areas she was drawn to through her legal practice. Alongside preparing contract and project documentation, she ensures the correct interpretation and application of European legal regulations in these fields. Beyond client projects, she frequently speaks at conferences on cybersecurity, online privacy protection, and the increasingly pertinent topic of AI regulation. As a registered advocate of Slovak bar, certified data privacy professional in the European Union (CIPP/e) and a member of the international association ELA, she helps both tech-focused startups and entrepreneurs, as well as international chains, to properly set up their business operations. Callum Wright - Founder and Lead Consultant Founder and Lead Consultant Callum Wright is a seasoned cybersecurity, privacy and AI governance expert. With over a decade of experience, he has dedicated his career to protecting digital assets, ensuring data privacy, and establishing ethical AI governance frameworks. His diverse background includes significant roles in security architecture, AI governance, risk consulting, and privacy management across various industries, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results. Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment. Date: June 26, 2024 Tags: ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, EU AI Act, ISO/IEC 23894 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Find out more about ISO training and certification services Training: ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars Article: https://pecb.com/article -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Slide Presentation from a Doctoral Virtual Open House presented on June 30, 2024 by staff and faculty of Capitol Technology University Covers degrees offered, program details, tuition, financial aid and the application process.

(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏.𝟎)-𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐬 Lesson Outcome: -Students will understand the basics of gardening, including the importance of soil, water, and sunlight for plant growth. They will learn to identify and use essential gardening tools, plant seeds, and seedlings properly, and manage common garden pests using eco-friendly methods.

In June 2020, L.L. McKinney, a Black author of young adult novels, began the #publishingpaidme hashtag to create a discussion on how the publishing industry treats Black authors: “what they’re paid. What the marketing is. How the books are treated. How one Black book not reaching its parameters casts a shadow on all Black books and all Black authors, and that’s not the same for our white counterparts.” (Grady 2020) McKinney’s call resulted in an online discussion across 65,000 tweets between authors of all races and the creation of a Google spreadsheet that collected information on over 2,000 titles. While the conversation was originally meant to discuss the ethical value of book publishing, it became an economic assessment by authors of how publishers treated authors of color and women authors without a full analysis of the data collected. This paper would present the data collected from relevant tweets and the Google database to show not only the range of advances among participating authors split out by their race, gender, sexual orientation and the genre of their work, but also the publishers’ treatment of their titles in terms of deal announcements and pre-pub attention in industry publications. The paper is based on a multi-year project of cleaning and evaluating the collected data to assess what it reveals about the habits and strategies of American publishers in acquiring and promoting titles from a diverse group of authors across the literary, non-fiction, children’s, mystery, romance, and SFF genres.

we may assume that God created the cosmos to be his great temple, in which he rested after his creative work. Nevertheless, his special revelatory presence did not fill the entire earth yet, since it was his intention that his human vice-regent, whom he installed in the garden sanctuary, would extend worldwide the boundaries of that sanctuary and of God’s presence. Adam, of course, disobeyed this mandate, so that humanity no longer enjoyed God’s presence in the little localized garden. Consequently, the entire earth became infected with sin and idolatry in a way it had not been previously before the fall, while yet in its still imperfect newly created state. Therefore, the various expressions about God being unable to inhabit earthly structures are best understood, at least in part, by realizing that the old order and sanctuary have been tainted with sin and must be cleansed and recreated before God’s Shekinah presence, formerly limited to heaven and the holy of holies, can dwell universally throughout creation

Front desk officers are responsible for taking care of guests and customers. Their work mainly involves interacting with customers and business partners, either in person or through phone calls.