- Quality of life, Demography of ageing, Health, Family and social networks, Economic Resources, Leisure time, as Quality of Life domains, Residential environment, Social Sciences, Sociology, and 10 morePublic Health, Social Networks, Social Change, Public Health Policy, Europe, Global Studies, Population Dynamics, Quality of Life and Elderly People, Quality of Life (Social Sciences), and Global Social Changeedit
- PhD in Human Geography, she works in the field of population studies, focusing on living conditions and wellbeing of ... morePhD in Human Geography, she works in the field of population studies, focusing on living conditions and wellbeing of older adults, particularly on health conditions and physical and social environments for an active ageing. In this line, she is involved in the Longitudinal Aging Study in Spain (ELES Project) and she coordinates the Programme ENCAGE-CM, a collaborative multidisciplinary network (CSIC, ISCIII, UC3M, UNED, UGR, UNAM, UANL, EULEN, FES) on Active Aging, Quality of Live and Gender.edit
ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the association of loneliness and social isolation on cognition over a 3‐year follow‐up period in middle‐ and older‐aged adults.MethodsData from a Spanish nationally representative sample were analyzed... more
ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the association of loneliness and social isolation on cognition over a 3‐year follow‐up period in middle‐ and older‐aged adults.MethodsData from a Spanish nationally representative sample were analyzed (n = 1691; aged 50 years or older). Loneliness, social isolation, and cognition (immediate recall, delayed recall, verbal fluency, forward digit span, backward digit span, and a composite cognitive score) were assessed both at baseline and at follow‐up. Adjusted generalized estimating equations models were performed.ResultsLoneliness was significantly associated with lower scores in the composite cognitive score, immediate and delayed recall, verbal fluency, and backward digit span (B = −0.14 to B = −3.16; P < .05) and with a more rapid decline from baseline to follow‐up in two out of six cognitive tests. Higher social isolation was associated with lower scores in the composite cognitive score, verbal fluency, and forward digit span (B = −0.06 t...
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This chapter analyses self-image among older adults, taking into account their different residential settings (family dwelling, cohousing, nursing homes), the relationship with pillars and determinants of active ageing, and the... more
This chapter analyses self-image among older adults, taking into account their different residential settings (family dwelling, cohousing, nursing homes), the relationship with pillars and determinants of active ageing, and the implications for the development of more inclusive settings for older adults. There is a qualitative analysis of discourses obtained during in-depth interviews and discussion groups held in 2017 with the older adult population in Spain. The ndings showed that older adults construct different images of themselves according to their living environment, their social participation, and the availability of inclusive spaces. As a result, a public policy that is based on promoting age-friendly cities and communities (AFCCs), particularly seeking to reinforce the areas of social participation, respect and social inclusion and civic engagement and employment, could help to improve self-image among older people and facilitate their social and community inclusion.
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There is growing interest in promoting active and healthy ageing environments through age-friendly communities within the scienti c and public administration sectors. Older people&#39;s health and quality of life expectations are... more
There is growing interest in promoting active and healthy ageing environments through age-friendly communities within the scienti c and public administration sectors. Older people&#39;s health and quality of life expectations are structured around living for as long as possible in their usual environment, home and neighbourhood, so they can maintain autonomy and independence. Different residential alternatives have emerged in recent years, including cohousing, which allows older people to live at home in an environment with shared-use services. Outstanding features of this model include its encouragement of autonomy for ageing in place, help in preventing loneliness, development of social bonds and assistance in optimising nancial resources and use of socio-health services. However, there is limited theoretical and methodological knowledge about cohousing for older people in Mediterranean Europe. This chapter examines the cohousing development and management process in Spain, as well as the implications of this strategy in promoting active and healthy ageing in the context of age-friendly communities. The data are sourced from in-depth interviews conducted with key informants involved in senior cohousing in Spain. Thematic analyses are applied using the Atlas.ti program.
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Nursing homes for the elderly in Spain have experienced high rates of infection and mortality from COVID-19, although rates have varied from one region to another. Madrid is the region where most institutionalized older adults have died... more
Nursing homes for the elderly in Spain have experienced high rates of infection and mortality from COVID-19, although rates have varied from one region to another. Madrid is the region where most institutionalized older adults have died from the coronavirus. However, there is little known about the psychosocial and environmental factors involved in the high incidence of COVID-19 among the institutionalised population in this region. This article describes the protocol of a study on nursing homes during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the Autonomous Community of Madrid (hereafter: Region of Madrid or Madrid Region) and provides information on the study design, measures used, and characteristics of the population studied. A questionnaire about life in nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic was designed and a total of 447 persons over 60 years of age without cognitive impairment—220 in private nursing homes and 227 in public nursing homes—participated by answering questions about differ...
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The most vulnerable residential settings during the COVID-19 pandemic were older adult’s nursing homes, which experienced high rates of incidence and death from this cause. This paper aims to ascertain how institutionalized older people... more
The most vulnerable residential settings during the COVID-19 pandemic were older adult’s nursing homes, which experienced high rates of incidence and death from this cause. This paper aims to ascertain how institutionalized older people assessed their residential environment during the pandemic and to examine the differences according to personal and contextual characteristics. The COVID-19 Nursing Homes Survey (Madrid region, Spain) was used. The residential environment assessment scale (EVAER) and personal and contextual characteristics were selected. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis were applied. The sample consisted of 447 people (mean age = 83.8, 63.1% = women, 50.8% = widowed, 40% = less than primary studies). Four residential assessment subscales (relationships, mobility, residential aspects, privacy space) and three clusters according to residential rating (medium-high with everything = 71.5% of cases, low with mobility = 15.4%, low with everything = 13.1%) ...
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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted older people. The disease and the measures to combat it have had a differential impact according to gender, with higher mortality rates in men and worse psychological and social... more
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted older people. The disease and the measures to combat it have had a differential impact according to gender, with higher mortality rates in men and worse psychological and social consequences in women. The objective of this work is to analyze the changes in perceived health of older people in Europe during the first months of the pandemic and to assess the combined role of age and gender. Methods Wave 8 data of SHARE-corona (Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe) (n = 51,695, aged≥50) collected between Jun-Aug 2020 were used. Perceived health status was explored with a question on whether there has been a change compared with the health status before the COVID-19 outbreak (response options: worse, the same and better). Two-way ANOVA with interaction and Student's t-test with Bonferroni correction were used to compare the effects of gender and age group (50-59 years, 60-69 years, 70-79 years, and ≥80) in changes in ...
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Background: The academic literature contains little information regarding the interventions that create age-friendly cities and communities in order to promote active ageing. Objectives: A systematic review was carried out to determine... more
Background: The academic literature contains little information regarding the interventions that create age-friendly cities and communities in order to promote active ageing. Objectives: A systematic review was carried out to determine the available empirical evidence in relation to the characteristics, content and effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving environmental and psychosocial risk factors for older people, from the perspective of age-friendly communities and the promotion of active ageing. Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the studies retained in this review were identified through a systematic search of the academic literature in selected electronic databases including Web of Science and Scopus. Independent critical appraisal and data extraction were conducted by two reviewers. The checklist was used to assess the quality of the articles. Findings: The search identified 1020 potentially ...
Research Interests: Psychology, Human Geography, Quality of life, Critical Appraisal, Active Aging, and 15 moreMedicine, Multidisciplinary, Cities, Environmental public health, Healthy Aging, Intervention, Psychological Intervention, Checklist, Psychosocial, Active Ageing, Systematic review, Scopus, Environmental Gerontology, Age-friendly Communities, and Geography of Aging
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Population aging is growing and, consequently, has attracted great interest in knowledge on the promotion of health and quality of life (QoL) in old age. In this context, a multidisciplinary team designed the CadeViMa Study, a... more
Population aging is growing and, consequently, has attracted great interest in knowledge on the promotion of health and quality of life (QoL) in old age. In this context, a multidisciplinary team designed the CadeViMa Study, a cross-sectional study to assess the QoL of community-dwelling older people and to identify its associated factors. It incorporated a representative sample of 1106 people aged 60 years or older in Spain. QoL was assessed by means of a generic instrument for measuring health-related QoL (HRQoL), the EQ-5D, and a global QoL rating scale, the Personal Well-Being Index (PWI). The survey also gathered information on the sociodemographic, health-related, psychosocial, financial, and contextual characteristics of the participants. Results indicated that QoL of community-dwelling older adults was influenced by age, health status, loneliness, social support and disability. People aged 78 years or more reported a significantly lower QoL (PWI) than younger counterparts did. Logistic regression models showed that some chronic health conditions, such as osteoarticular or mental health disorders, and disability have a great impact on HRQoL and global QoL. Perceived loneliness and social support strongly influenced global QoL. Loneliness, in turn, was negatively associated to residential satisfaction. We also found that a high sense of coherence, a concept related to successful aging, is also associated to better QoL in old age. These results reflect the importance of the functional, social, mental, and contextual dimensions in the QoL of community-dwelling older adults, and may help to set the priorities of interventions addressed to preserve their QoL.
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As a multidimensional concept, active ageing is placed in relation to the most important domains of quality of later life, self-assessed by the individuals. It is well recognized in international research to have positive effects on... more
As a multidimensional concept, active ageing is placed in relation to the most important domains of quality of later life, self-assessed by the individuals. It is well recognized in international research to have positive effects on personal wellbeing. From the point of view of an active living at an individual and ageing contexts, this paper aimed at analysing the profile of older-adults in relationship to their involvement in leisure and social and community participation activities, as factors that promote an active ageing to enhance quality of later life.
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Introduction: As life expectancy increases, a progressively higher number of older adults have to cope with multiple chronic diseases, which cause functional deterioration and impaired quality of life and may impede ageing at home with... more
Introduction: As life expectancy increases, a progressively higher number of older adults have to cope with multiple chronic diseases, which cause functional deterioration and impaired quality of life and may impede ageing at home with autonomy and independence. Therefore, it is important to have a reliable, valid and easy-to-apply measure of disease burden morbidity, centered in the person. This study describes the metric properties of the disease burden morbidity assessment (DBMA) using Rasch analysis, which allows developing linear measures that may be applied using computerized test assessment. Methods: Participants were 1400 adults aged 50 years and over from the Longitudinal Study Aging in Spain Pilot Survey (ELES-PS). The DBMA asked about the impact of several chronic health problems on activities of daily living, with a 5-point response scale. Rasch analysis was applied. Results: The participants’ mean age was 65.5 (standard deviation, SD=10.40) years, 55.4% were women, and ...
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El Estudio Piloto del proyecto Estudio Longitudinal Envejecer en Espana (ELES) ha sido llevado a cabo por el Grupo de Investigacion de Envejecimiento (GIE-CSIC e Instituto Gerontologico Matia) y financiado por Acciones Complementarias... more
El Estudio Piloto del proyecto Estudio Longitudinal Envejecer en Espana (ELES) ha sido llevado a cabo por el Grupo de Investigacion de Envejecimiento (GIE-CSIC e Instituto Gerontologico Matia) y financiado por Acciones Complementarias 2009, Programa de I+D+I, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) (CSO2009-06637-E/SOCI; CSO2009-06638-E/SOCI; CSO2009-08645-E/SOCI), el programa SAIOTEK 2009 del Gobierno Vasco y la Obra Social Caja Madrid. El analisis ha sido financiado por MINECO (Ref. CSO2011-30210-C02-01), IP. Dr. V. Rodriguez-Rodriguez.
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This study aimed to analyze the determinants of quality of life (QoL) in older people in three European countries (Portugal, Spain and Sweden). A sample of 7589 participants in waves 4 (2011) and 6 (2015) of the Survey on Health, Aging,... more
This study aimed to analyze the determinants of quality of life (QoL) in older people in three European countries (Portugal, Spain and Sweden). A sample of 7589 participants in waves 4 (2011) and 6 (2015) of the Survey on Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) project, aged 50 and over and living in Portugal, Spain and Sweden, was included. The CASP-12 scale was used to measure QoL. A principal component analysis was performed to group preselected variables related to active and healthy ageing into the dimensions of health, social participation, and lifelong learning. A linear regression model was built using the change in CASP-12 scores over the 4-year follow-up as the dependent variable, including the interactions between country and each independent variable in the model. After four years, the average QoL increased in Portugal (difference = 0.8, p < 0.001), decreased in Spain (−0.8, p < 0.001), and remained constant in Sweden (0.1, p = 0.408). A significant country...
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RESUMENLa población española está envejeciendo lo que, unido a una mejora de condiciones de vida, hace aumentar las posibilidades de desarrollar un envejecimiento activo. Investigadores y agentes sociales han intentado medirlo, a pesar de... more
RESUMENLa población española está envejeciendo lo que, unido a una mejora de condiciones de vida, hace aumentar las posibilidades de desarrollar un envejecimiento activo. Investigadores y agentes sociales han intentado medirlo, a pesar de su dificultad. Este trabajo pretende analizar cómo las personas mayores en España construyen su envejecimiento activo, evaluando sus dimensiones, factores y efectos en su estilo de vida. Los datos cuantitativos proceden de la Encuesta Piloto del Estudio Longitudinal Envejecer en España (ELES-EP). Se complementan con 7 grupos focales a 50 personas de 50 y más años, participantes en ELES-EP, y 10 entrevistas en profundidad con responsables de organizaciones de la sociedad civil de personas mayores. Analizados con ATLAS.ti, aportan una visión no profesional sobre el envejecimiento activo. Los resultados muestran que estas personas en España no definen claramente el envejecimiento activo, pero identifican factores condicionantes relacionados con el pil...
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F. Rojo-Perez, V. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, G. Fernandez-Mayoralas, J. Perez Diaz, V. Montes de Oca Zavala, M. J. Oddone. En representacion del equipo de investigacion de la Red Iberoamericana de Envejecimiento Activo 1 Instituto de Economia,... more
F. Rojo-Perez, V. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, G. Fernandez-Mayoralas, J. Perez Diaz, V. Montes de Oca Zavala, M. J. Oddone. En representacion del equipo de investigacion de la Red Iberoamericana de Envejecimiento Activo 1 Instituto de Economia, Geografia y Demografia (IEGD); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC): C/ Albasanz, 26, 28037 Madrid (Madrid). 2Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales (ISS); Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). Circuito Mario de la Cueva S/N; Ciudad de la Investigacion en Humanidades; Cubiculo H-11. Ciudad Universitaria, C. P. 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico D. F., Mexico. 3Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA); Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales (FLACSO). Ayacucho 555 (C1026AAC), Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires (Argentina).
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Ageism promotes the exclusion of older people from society by generating a negative image that they also internalize. The aim of this article is to investigate older people’s social self-image, through statements broadcast on a national... more
Ageism promotes the exclusion of older people from society by generating a negative image that they also internalize. The aim of this article is to investigate older people’s social self-image, through statements broadcast on a national Spanish radio program aimed at this group. A qualitative analysis was conducted for a random sample from the sound archive for the Radio Nacional de España program Juntos Paso a Paso (Together, Step by Step) (2008–2021), using codes based on the pillars and determinants of active ageing and the three dimensions of ageism. Intercoder agreement was calculated. There were significant findings regarding ageism, gendered ageism and ageing in place, with differences according to size of municipal area. The program in question can be considered a viable secondary source for the research aim. Ageism is most commonly manifested through implicit opinions and invisibilization in family and social contexts. Care activities play a notably central role in response...
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Ageism promotes the exclusion of older people from society by generating a negative image that they also internalize. The aim of this article is to investigate older people’s social self-image, through statements broadcast on a national... more
Ageism promotes the exclusion of older people from society by generating a negative image that they also internalize. The aim of this article is to investigate older people’s social self-image, through statements broadcast on a national Spanish radio program aimed at this group. A qualitative analysis was conducted for a random sample from the sound archive for the Radio Nacional de España program Juntos Paso a Paso (Together, Step by Step) (2008–2021), using codes based on the pillars and determinants of active ageing and the three dimensions of ageism. Intercoder agreement was calculated. There were significant findings regarding ageism, gendered ageism and ageing in place, with differences according to size of municipal area. The program in question can be considered a viable secondary source for the research aim. Ageism is most commonly manifested through implicit opinions and invisibilization in family and social contexts. Care activities play a notably central role in responses related to gendered ageism. In relation to ageing in place, older people prefer their habitual environment when they have moderate care needs and accept moves to nursing homes when their needs increase.
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Fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the main psychological impacts of the actual pandemic, especially among the population groups with higher mortality rates. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) has been used in... more
Fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the main psychological impacts of the actual pandemic, especially among the population groups with higher mortality rates. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) has been used in different scenarios to assess fear associated with COVID-19, but this has not been done frequently in people living in long-term care (LTC) settings. The present study is aimed at measuring the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the FCV-19S in residents in LTC settings, following both the classical test theory (CTT) and Rasch model frameworks. The participants (n = 447), aged 60 years or older, were asked to complete the FCV-19S and to report, among other issues, their levels of depression, resilience, emotional wellbeing and health-related quality of life with validated scales. The mean FCV-19S score was 18.36 (SD 8.28, range 7–35), with higher scores for women, participants with lower education (primary or less) and higher adherence to pre...
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This chapter aims to know the psychosocial impact and social behaviours and related to the perception of technological needs in adults and older persons with diseases, health problems and/or sensory or motor disabilities. This work delves... more
This chapter aims to know the psychosocial impact and social behaviours and related to the perception of technological needs in adults and older persons with diseases, health problems and/or sensory or motor disabilities. This work delves into this reality from a gender, inclusive and, at the same time, technological, biotechnological and/or virtual device approach. This goal includes two secondary objectives: 1) To know the health conditions that affect the adult and older people, whether they suffer from chronic diseases and health problems. In this way, it will be possible to understand if there are specific conditions in which the adult and older persons have felt especially sensitive during the pandemic outbreak in Spain. 2) To understand the needs of older people with sensory or motor disabilities before the pandemic and how this connects with the looking forward to an activity after COVID-19. One conclusion is that new emerging technologies are essential in aspects such as safety, hygiene and other social factors that help to improve autonomy and independence - such as canes and support devices in functional disability type EGARA - of older persons during and after the pandemic times. In addition to the needs of adults and the older persons prior to the pandemic, especially in older women, there are others that require research from a more inclusive and gender perspective. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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Abstract Introduction. More than 95% of the population in Madrid Region live in urban municipalities, and 31% are 50 years and over (urban older adult population). National Health System provides universal coverage, except for dental... more
Abstract Introduction. More than 95% of the population in Madrid Region live in urban municipalities, and 31% are 50 years and over (urban older adult population). National Health System provides universal coverage, except for dental services. This communication describes (within a wider research on Quality of Life in the Region) the relationship between the study population structure and health services use. Methods. Database: 2003 National Health Survey (Ministry of Health www.msc.es). Two thousand interviews were performed among Madrid population (0.04% of the whole); 593 corresponded to older adults (0.04% of the 1.7 million aged 50 years and over). Study sample constitutes 95.3% (565 out of 593) of those older adults, who live in urban areas. Demographic structure (by age and gender) of this population in relation to health services use (medical consultations, dentist visits, emergence services, hospitalisation) was studied using General Linear Model Univariate procedure. A p&l...
Introducción: el proceso de enuejecimiento Uno de los rasgos que caracterizan las estructuras demográficas de los países desarrollados es el envejecimiento de la población, expresado como la participación creciente de los viejos en el... more
Introducción: el proceso de enuejecimiento Uno de los rasgos que caracterizan las estructuras demográficas de los países desarrollados es el envejecimiento de la población, expresado como la participación creciente de los viejos en el conjunto de la pobla-ción e influido por los nacimientos, la esperanza de vida de las cohortes y el balance migratorio. Todavía se están analizando los grados de influencia de dichos factores en el proceso de envejecimiento, aunque parece una regla comprobada que cuando u n país accede recientemente a la transición del enveiecimiento mayor importancia adquiere el des-censo de la mortalidad en este proceso. A nivel mundial el envejecimiento de la población tiene dos caracte-res definitorios, su condición de la ineluctabilidad y la sensibilidad de este proceso a las desviaciones de la mortalidad en las cohortes. En los países occidentales, con un envejecimiento más antiguo e importante, Ahellán García, Fernández-Mayoralas, Rodríguez Rodríguez, Rojo Pérez...
Drawing on Rowe and Kahn’s (1998) notion that “engagement with life” is a critical component of successful aging, this study tested whether change in leisure activities over a ten year period was associated with retrospectively assessed... more
Drawing on Rowe and Kahn’s (1998) notion that “engagement with life” is a critical component of successful aging, this study tested whether change in leisure activities over a ten year period was associated with retrospectively assessed change in quality of life among older people in Sweden. Hypotheses were tested using a nationally rep resentative sample of 324 older Swedes living in the community, surveyed in 1981 and 1992. Fifteen leisure activities were divided into six domains: culture-entertainment, productive-personal growth, outdoor-physical, recreation-expressive, friendship, and formal-group. Ordered logit analysis revealed that those increasing their activity participation across domains tended to perceive an improvement in their life conditions. This effect was particularly strong among older adults who became widowed, developed functional impairments, and had relatively low contact with family. The results suggest that maximizing activity participation is an adaptive st...
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Background Following the active ageing model based on the Health, Lifelong Learning, Participation and Security pillars, this research has a twofold objective: i) to classify older adults according to active ageing profiles, taking into... more
Background Following the active ageing model based on the Health, Lifelong Learning, Participation and Security pillars, this research has a twofold objective: i) to classify older adults according to active ageing profiles, taking into account the four pillars, and ii) to ascertain the relationship between the profiles and personal and contextual factors, as well as well-being and quality of life in old age. Methods A study sample of 5,566 Spanish older adults who participated in wave 6 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) was included. Data were analysed in different steps applying several statistical analyses (Principal Component, Cluster, Discriminant, Multiple Correspondence and bivariate analysis with Pearson chi-square and ANOVA). Results Five older adult profiles were obtained (I: with moderate activity; II: quasi-dependents; III: with active ageing-limiting conditions; IV: with diverse and balanced activity; V: with excellent active ageing condit...
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La Ley de Ordenaciónde TransportesMecánicos por Carretera (1947) y su Reglamento (1949) regulan todo lo referente a la legislación de los servicios públicos de transporte de viajeros. Esta ley distingue entre servicios discrecionales —en... more
La Ley de Ordenaciónde TransportesMecánicos por Carretera (1947) y su Reglamento (1949) regulan todo lo referente a la legislación de los servicios públicos de transporte de viajeros. Esta ley distingue entre servicios discrecionales —en régimen de autorización, renovableaño a año— y servicios regulares —en régimen de concesiónadministrativa monopolística,durantenoventa y nueve años— con una incidencia social y espacialde mayor envergadura. La gestión y organización de los servicios regulares depende,en primera instancia, de las correspondientesJefaturasRegionalesde TransportesTerrestres (la primeraen el caso de la provincia de Madrid) en subordinacióndirecta de los dictámenesdel Ministerio de Transportesy Comunicaciones. Actualmente éxisten en funcionamiento, en dependenciade la 1 Jefatura> 114 líneas, de las que 70 circulan dentro de la provincia y 44 fuera de ella. A éstashay que añadir las interprovinciales,cuya inspecciónse realiza fuera de Madrid por tener un recorrido mayo...