Quality of Life (Social Sciences)

Quality of life (QOL) has become a central issue of concern in peoples’ lives and the research on this topic has largely increased in the past decades. However, some studies on QOL only adopted objective indicators and QOL research is still very scarce in some fields of study such as tourism. Additionally, in tourism, the majority of the studies on QOL focus on assessing the QOL of residents of destinations and neglect segmentation based on QOL as a tool for market segmentation.
The aim of this study is to overcome some previously referred to limitations and, specifically: (i) to measure visitors’ perceptions of tourism impact on their QOL by adopting subjective indicators; and (ii) to segment visitors based on perceptions of tourism impact on their QOL.
Study results reveal that tourism is likely to have a more positive impact on the psychological and social domains of QOL and that QOL is a good basis for segmenting the tourism market. Visitors perceiving more positive tourism impacts in their QOL differ from others on several features such as motivations to travel, travel group, interaction with local residents and satisfaction with the trip.

This article analyzed the phrase “baldatun thayyibatun wa rabbun ghafûr”, one of main keywords in Islamic quality of life research, with reference to the interpretations given by tafsir nusantara i.e. Marâh Labîd, Tafsir An Nur, Tafsir Al-Azhar, Al Qur’ân dan Tafsirnya, and Tafsir Al-Mishbâh. The phrase “baldatun thayyibatun wa rabbun ghafûr” was chosen because of its relation with the concept of civilized and sustainable society as UII research orientation, while the selection of tafsir nusantara was driven by the current tendency in research and implementation of local genius both in UII and the Ministry of Religious Affairs. The method used in this article was comparative method (muqârin) aimed to compare the interpretations given by some interpreters on the phrase and then linked to the concept of quality of life that has been widely studied. The results showed that the quality of life, as tafsir nusantara noted, had several aspects such as nature and its resources; fulfillment of basic needs; support and the ability to manage irrigation facilities; advancement in transportation; security in many activities; freedom in economic activities; international trade; religious conditions; commitment to maintain public facilities ; closeness with family etc. A number of aspects of interpretation found in tafsir nusantara has some conformity with the conceptual framework prepared by the Quality of Life Research Unit, University of Toronto. Further research is needed to examine the concepts of quality of life for other terms mentioned in the Koran as the foundation of the development of this study in the future.

On 18 March 2020, the World Health Organization announced that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had reached global pandemic status. The Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia implemented a COVID-19 lockdown that lasted for four months. After the period of restrictions ended, people were supposed to return to their normal social lives; however, the lockdown had a psychological impact on people without them being aware of it. This research aimed to study the effect of COVID-19 on social life, mainly focusing on six public activities: visiting shopping malls, mosques, open spaces, interior space, psychological effect, and occupational aspects. The Method survey was distributed during lockdown including the six focus areas and collected using Google Forms. Also, a computer program simulation (ENVI-MET) was used to study and develop an outdoor environment. The research focuses on the outdoor environment to find solutions on a sample used Al Rouda Park in Riyadh. The results demonstrated that people are slowly returning to their social lives during the COVID-19 pandemic by steadily visiting shopping malls, mosques, and open spaces and half of respondents stay at home fearing COVID-19. The research concluded that people should apply health procedures during ongoing time in studied locations and should manage the elaborated psychological effects.

It is generally recognised that indicator-based research forms a substantial part both of the everyday practice and of the current theoretical pursuits in an extensive set of different scientific fields that relate to the socio-economic and the environmental sphere. However, the lack of an endogenous indicator's theory hinders the enhancement of indicator's research into an autonomous scientific field and subdues the indicators study to the broader ecological, social, or economic context. Thus, scientists are often bounded to the study of indicators within their specialisation area, as evidenced by the very limited number of interdisciplinary studies on the use of indicators that have been published. Based on this deficiency of the current literature, the paper elaborates on the use of indicators in the socio-economic and the environmental area, focusing on fields in which indicators are essential to their practice. Namely, the paper reviews quality-of-life, macroeconomic, environmental, welfare and sustainability indicators in order to detect similarities and differences, pertain to their practice and to the theoretical frameworks in which indicators are utilised. The study concludes that quality-of-life, welfare and sustainability indicators are supported by weak theoretical foundations, as a result to the choice of the respective fields to exploit the possible benefits of an empirical interdisciplinary perspective, a fact that leads the use of indicators to methodological inconsistencies. In contrast, macroeconomic and environmental indicators are supported by a coherent theoretical body, which is reflected in their well-organised structure and leads to their sound practice. Last but not least, the study suggests that the way the aforementioned two fields utilise indicators can provide useful guidance to the formation of future objectives in the quality-of-life, welfare and sustainability indicators’ research. Specifically, their corresponding fields should moderate their interest on composite indicators and, instead, their future research should be focused, so much on the identification of their field's key indicators that play a crucial role to the interpretation of the complex phenomena studied, as on the identification of the relationships that link these key indicators together.

The aim of this study was to investigate how individuals;who had been victims of school bullying;perceived their bullying experiences and how these had affected them;and to generate a grounded theory of being a victim of bullying at school. Twenty-one individuals;who all had prior experiences of being bullied in school for more than one year;were interviewed. Qualitative analysis of data was performed by methods from grounded theory. The research identified a basic process of victimising in school bullying;which consisted of four phases: (a) initial attacks;(b) double victimising;(c) bullying exit and (d) after-effects of bullying. Double victimising refers to a process in which there was an interplay between external victimising and internal victimising. Acts of harassment were repeatedly directed at the victims from their social environment at school – a social process that constructed and repeatedly confirmed their victim role in the class or the group. This external victimising affected the victims and initiated an internal victimising;which meant that they internalised the socially constructed victim-image and acted upon this image;which in turn often supported the bullies’ agenda and confirmed the socially constructed victim-image. The findings also indicate the possible positive effect of changing the social environment.

Abstract
This study examines the treatment outcome of a 10 weeks dance movement therapy intervention on Quality of life (QOL). The multicentered study used a between subject-design with pre-test, post-test, and six months follow-up test. 162 participants who suffered from stress were randomly assigned to the dance movement therapy treatment group (TG) (n= 97) and the wait-listed control group (WG) (65). The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire 100 (WHOQOL-100) and Munich Life Dimension List were used in both groups at all three measurement points. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that dance movement therapy participants in all QOL dimensions always more than the WG. In the short term, they significantly improved in the Psychological domain (p>.001, WHOQOL; p>.01, Munich Life Dimension List), Social relations/life (p>.10, WHOQOL; p>.10, Munich Life Dimension List), Global value (p>.05, WHOQOL), Physical health (p>.05, Munich Life Dimension List), and General life (p>.10, Munich Life Dimension List). In the long term, dance movement therapy significantly enhanced the psychological domain (p>.05, WHOQOL; p>.05, Munich Life Dimension List), Spirituality (p>.10, WHOQOL), and General life (p>.05, Munich Life Dimension List). Dance movement therapy is effective in the short- and long-term to improve QOL.
Keywords: Dance therapy, Dance movement therapy, Research, Quality of Life (QOL), Randomized controlled trial, Treatment outcome and Efficacy.

This research, conducted by the author when a Senior Researcher at Newcastle University, UK, was funded by a UK governance organisation to help them assess, integrate and improve their understanding of the governed population.

ABSTRACT: Governance organisations have been urged to develop more holistic evidence-based approaches with partners to better deal with issues affecting the governed population. This presupposes an understanding of the population, yet there has been little research work addressing how governance organisations come to understand their governed population, nor how this understanding can be improved upon within such organisations.

This case study examined in-depth how understanding of a governed population was developed within one UK local governance organisation and it explored how such understanding might be developed and improved through more holistic and evidence-based organisational learning within the organisation and its governance partnerships.

The research methodology involved placement within the governance organisation, participant observations on several projects and innovative initiatives, observations within, across, and outside the organisation, and also interviews with varied key stakeholders.

The study examined:

- stakeholder engagement and networks
- current and varied understandings of the population
- mechanisms actually used for developing understandings
- the influence of context on organisational learning

and analysed these to arrive at a recommendations to improve organisational understanding of the governed population.

In the case studied, significant strengths were found: including innovative past learning trials for development, extensive ongoing networking activities, and many varied and accumulating quantitative datasets available across partnerships.

However, entrenched organisational approaches and practices constrained the development of holistic evidence-based understanding, for instance: the absence of systematic maintained collective learning processes; weak recording and forgetting of understandings; methodological exclusion of stakeholders from the development of understanding; the relative neglect of qualitative data, explanations, investigations, interpretations, and reflexivity; and also implicit organisational acceptance of such limitations and low aspirations.

Nonetheless, untapped opportunities existed to enable change including: latent practitioner knowledge and innovative management champions, the desire for improvement and raised aspirations within learning networks, and the development potential of alterative learning approaches.

It was concluded that more holistic evidence-based understanding was possible, but required new learning approaches beyond those then in use in both local government or academia.   

Recommendations are made to utilise and develop improved organisational learning approaches trialed and reported in the case study.

It is argued that the case study findings, conclusions, and recommendations may be applicable to other similar local governance organisations and partnerships that seek to better understand local populations, services and interventions.

The work was also submitted for, and awarded, an MPhil (at Newcastle University, supervised by Prof. Patsy Healy)

In the monograph, the focus is on clarifying the regional organization of the public health system in Bulgaria. The theoretical foundations of social geography are presented in support, summarizing the claim that the object of social geography as a branch of socio-economic geography is society. The time horizon of the study is limited between 2001-2011 and is predominantly situational in places. In Chapter Two, "public health" is seen as a multidimensional value. It is a variable production of many factors and at the same time a factor affecting the whole social sphere. Its multilayered nature makes it difficult to study and model, and the multidirectional dimensions are further complicated by the onset of the economic and financial crisis. In Chapter Three, the health and demographic characteristics are traced back to the "general to private" rule. The essence is fixed on: the spatial-correlation links between demographic and health processes; dynamics in the number and territorial (spatial) distribution of the population; the geodemographic analysis of the peculiarities of the natural movement of the population and the deepening aging process - common to the national area and between regional differences. After more than 20 years of "inertial" spatial development, the health and demographic characteristics (for the period 2001-2011) confirmed the increasing and worsening regional disparities. Chapter Four addresses the link between the concepts of "public health" and "quality of life" of the population. They are objectively geographically diverse and even more geographically determined in social geography. The conclusion of the monograph summarizes the major findings. The proposed theoretical justifications seek to give a different perspective, both to the theory of socio-geographical studies of public health, and to present the new opportunities facing Bulgarian geographical science.

Public Square is one of the main pillars in social life that has effects on the social quality of the urban public space, and improving the level of social interactions of the citizens. Considering the effect of public space in quality of social life, in many modern cities, the public squares that have recently designed and constructed aren’t responsive for social needs, improvement of communications and the social relations of citizens. This matter appears because of poor conditions of cities during modernization and lack of attention to cultural, sociological and psychological needs, therefore analyzing the contributing factors on urban quality of successful historical public squares for improving citizens’ quality of life can introduce a guideline for designers and planners to solve contemporary urban problems. In this research, that has been developed based on descriptive procedure, the characteristics of Naghshe-Jahan Square as an active and vibrant historical public square has been examined to realize the effective factors on improving the quality of citizens’ urban life. The results of research indicate that quality of citizen’s urban life indicators in historical public square included visual aesthetic (Spatial continuity and hierarchy, emphasis on the axis of symmetry, balance and visual contrast, Sense of closure and introspection, Sense of wideness based on observer’s field of view), functional qualities (Special location in city core, political, religious, economical, commercial, tourism, recreation, cultural, historical and social values of the square, pedestrian accessibility, inclusiveness  of square to different social groups, various ages and genders). However, results show that, in developing the design for this historical public square, a comprehensive attention was paid to non-physical aspects like social beliefs, culture, traditions and religion. Therefore, Naghshe-Jahan Square in Isfahan, served as a multifunctional historical public space for improving the quality of urban life in the Iranian urbanism history.

Purpose: The Caregiver Quality of Life Index – Cancer (CQOLC) is used worldwide to determine levels of quality of life (QOL) of caregivers of patients with cancer; however, the few studies examining the underlying factor structure of the CQOLC have revealed differences between Western and Eastern cultures. This study sought to confirm the differences in the factor structures between the original CQOLC and a Taiwanese version.
Methods: 183 caregivers from a cancer center in Singapore participated in this exploratory cross-sectional study. All participants completed the CQOLC and a sociodemographic form; 30 participants repeated the CQOLC two weeks later.
Results: Test-retest reliability was adequate for the CQOLC; however, confirmatory factor analyses did not support either the original four-factor model or the Taiwanese five-factor model. Exploratory factor analyses suggested the retaining of five factors to form a 25-item Singapore version (CQOLC-S25): Burden, Physical/Practical Concerns, Emotional Reactivity, Self-needs, and Social Support. Inter-factor and factor-scale correlations were positively significant for all factors except Support, which was negatively correlated with Emotional Reactivity and Self-needs.
Conclusions: Cross-cultural differences, which require further investigations, appear to underlie the utility and understanding of the CQOLC. More research is needed to better understand the needs of Singapore caregivers.

Going against both the naive techno-optimist of ‘greening business as usual’ and a resurgent ‘catastrophism’ within green thinking and politics, The Politics of Unsustainability offers an analysis of the causes of unsustainability and diminished human flourishing. It makes a case for seeing that it is profound and deepening unsustainability and growing injustice that characterises the modern world, and that therefore the focus of green or other progressive thinking should shift from its current framing in terms of ‘sustainability’ ‘sustainable development’ and ‘theories of justice’. The books locates the causes of unsustainability in dominant capitalist modes of production, debt-based consumer culture, the imperative for orthodox economic growth and the dominant ideology of neo-classical economics. At the level of developing a progressive and critical theoretical understanding of unsustainability, it argues for the importance of integrating vulnerability, which has been largely neglected by both mainstream western political theory and analyses of the current global ecological crisis. It suggests that valuable insights into the causes of and alternatives to unsustainability can be found in a critical embracing of human vulnerability and dependency as both constitutive and ineliminable aspects of what it means to be human. Rather than seeing invulnerability as the appropriate response, the book defends resilience, the ability to ‘cope with’ rather than ‘solve’ vulnerability, as more productive. The Politics of Unsustainability offers a trenchant critique of the dominant neo-classical economic groupthink, which the book argues must be seen not as some value neutral form of ‘expert knowledge’ but as a thoroughly ideological ‘commonsense’ that has corrupted and limited creative ways of thinking about and through our current predicament. It offers a green political economic alternative which replaces economic growth with economic security, and views economic growth as having done its work in the minority, affluent world, which should now focus on human flourishing and lowering socio-economic equality and fostering solidarity as part of that new re-orientation of public policy. Complementing this green political economy, The Politics of Unsustainability outlines and develops an account of ‘green republicanism’, which represents an innovative and original contribution to debates on the political responses to the crises and opportunities that constitute global unsustainability. The Politics of Unsustainability draws widely from a range of disciplines and thinkers, from cultural critic Susan Sontag to the critical theory of the Frankfurt school, contemporary debates in green political thinking, and the latest thinking in heterodox and green economics, to produce a highly relevant, timely and provocatively original statement on the human predicament in the 21st century.

In this chapter, I draw upon the phenomenological concepts of lifeworld, natural attitude, homeworld and place to clarify what human-immersion-in-world and lived obliviousness might mean for research in well-being. To provide a real-world context for my argument, I present three narrative accounts of ordinary and out-of-the-ordinary place experiences written by interior designer Jane Barry (2012); British-African novelist Doris Lessing (1984); and sociologist Eric Klinenberg (2002). Using these three examples as evidence, I contend that place is an integral, non-contingent aspect of human life and helps to explain why well-being can typically be out of sight and thus not recognized as a significant dimension of one’s day-to-day experience. I conclude that, because of the always-already-present reciprocity between human-immersion-in-place and lived obliviousness, professional efforts to enhance well-being might sometimes be more successfully accomplished indirectly by changing aspects of place, including creative neighborhood design and planning that facilitate place attachment and a strong sense of environmental belonging.

FULL REFERENCE: Seamon, David. Well-being and Phenomenology: Lifeworld, Natural Attitude, Homeworld and Place, a chapter in Kathleen Galvin (ed.), Routledge Handbook of Well-being (pp. 103-111). London: Routledge, 2018.

Detailed proceedings of the 1st international conference on amenity migration, including all  presentations,  panel discussions and associated questions and answers. Participants included citizens, elected officials and planners of mountain communities along with academic and independent researchers.

He accomplished much. I remember one time we wanted to get a road permit from Snohomish County to develop our mountain.

So Todd went into the Planning Department to ask for the permit and the first person he met with told him “no”. So Todd asked the person to point out in where in the law our request could be denied.

The guy couldn’t find the basis for his authority, so he passed Todd on to his supervisor to show him the law which gave Planning Staff the authority to deny the permit.

Of course, the next guy immediately said “oh no, you can’t do that.”

And Todd asked:

“Why? Show me the law which says I cannot do this.”

And when that Planner couldn’t find any authority to deny the permit, he sent him on to someone else.

So my brother spent all day at the Snohomish County Planning Department going from person to person, asking for those rules which prevented us from doing what we needed to do.

Finally, the day was almost over and he was sent back to talk with the original guy who denied the permit.

And as most you already know, at that point the guy signed the permit and Todd was well on his way to completing the project.

Todd accomplished many dreams in his life, and often those were about helping others; particularly those who for a time felt alone and broken. He was a helpful healer to those in distress.

One of the things that made Todd “Todd” was his ability to love.

He so loved Mayumi, his wife, and she so loved him back. I have no doubt the connection between them will long survive beyond the moment he moved on…

My brother’s loss now some 65 years later after he was born leaves a void in me that will never be filled here on earth again. Each day now, so soon after his passing, my grief grows as I realize I will not see him or hear from him again…

So now Todd has departed and we’ve come here to celebrate his life… And there is so much pain and hurt…

But underneath this, we must grateful.  We got to know and be with Todd during parts of each of our lives during his life’s journey.

Rest in peace my brother.

I love you.

And will miss you for the rest of my life.

Una rilettura dell'enciclica Laudato si' di papa Francesco attraverso tre parole per - resilienza, resistenza e rivoluzione - per sottolineare l'importanza dei gesti quotidiani come strumento per realizzare un cambiamento a livello sociale.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the " effect of selected yoga asana on quality of life of chronic low back pain patients. Method: The study was conducted on chronic low back patients of Haridwar district of Uttarakhand, India and age ranging from 25 to 40 years. Total thirty male/female chronic low back pain patients selected as subject (N=30). These subjects were selected in terms of purposive sample from Haridwar Pawanamuktasana. The data was collected by administration of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire for finding out the quality of life. It was hypothesized that six week of yoga training would significantly affect the quality of life of chronic low back pain patients. The data collected on quality of life was analyzed by dependent " t " test. The level of significance for testing the hypothesis was set at 0.05. Findings: The mean values and standard deviation of pre-test and post-test of quality of life of subjects were 21.40, 1.83 and 4.03, 2.67 respectively. Significant yogic training effect was found for the quality of life of CLBP. (t cal =27.98>t tab =2.04). The result showed that Yogic training significantly affect the quality of life of chronic low back pain patients.

The paper reports on both methodological and substantive findings. It presents a method for generating simplified representations for regional urban populations, their geographical sub-populations and communities. the method generates greatly simplified high-resolution socio-economic profiles of populated geographical areas from complex large census data sets.

Individuals are at risk when they use the Internet. Video gamers playing online games are at risk when they play too much. What is too much? The amount of time is often used for assessing the border between a safe and a potentially dangerous gaming practice. Quantitative research on addiction to video games uses the amount of time played as a strong indicator to foresee problematic behavior. Easy to measure and easy to ask, the amount of time played appears to be the perfect indicator for any potentially harmful practice. Gamers are even classified according to playing time. The scholarship strongly indicates a link between time played and prevalence of problems. However, the massive number of video gamers in today's world does not coincide with a huge threat of gaming addiction. Why not? Among intense gamers, most drastically reduce the time played or even suddenly stop. Although time played is an indicator for problematic play, why do some gamers play intensely without encountering any issues? This chapter argues that intense gaming does not encroach upon gamers' lives because gamers prioritize their activity according to their available time, their social life and their commitments. To better understand this moment of rupture in intense playing 20 in-depth interviews were carried out with intense and former intense players of Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOG). Results showed that intense players handle their activity because video gaming is a passion resulting from a history of play. Then, the integration of their gaming into their lives is related to the overall amount of free time, not just the time played. Last, gamers strongly advocate for their autonomy to make choices and to commit to their engagements. Video gaming is a passion that is lived with ups and downs, that is as necessary as the air we breathe and that makes the players' heart beat.

Consultation is an important feature of research and, increasingly, researchers are required to work in partnership with stakeholders to increase the impact of their work. Our aim is to demonstrate what can be learned from the scholarship on, and practice of, member checking to facilitate productive knowledge exchange. Using dialogical analysis we explore three member check interactions from three different qualitative psychology projects focusing our analysis on difficult moments between researchers and participants conceptualised here as ‘sore spots’. We identify two major genres in these sequences: participant ambivalence and participant challenge. We then consider passages that allow us to explore a more theoretical understanding of these two genres in terms of the metaphor of portraits and mirrors. Overall, we outline how implicit epistemologies and theories of subjectivity (uncomplicated, blank, and complex) may be linked to the way in which stakeholders approach research. We also provide a map with regard to the theories within which member checks can be undertaken, associated research practices in terms of a range of researcher responses to stakeholder ambivalence and challenge, and implications of these moments for knowledge exchange for qualitative research but also for psychological science as a whole. We conclude that sore spots in knowledge exchange process can be productive opportunities of transformational validity.

Keywords: member check; knowledge exchange; research impact; dialogical analysis; participant validation

Illegal subdivisions of settlement plots (layouts) in developing countries are a common phenomenon.  This practice has resulted in reductions in the quality of life of the people living in such settlements. The aim of this paper is to identify and discuss the impact of such illegal subdivisions in a government approved Gadon Kaya settlement area in Kano city, Nigeria on the quality of life of the people residing in it.  A population sample of 110 residents was randomly picked and questionnaires administered to furnish the primary data. Other sources of data include field observations and interviews of selected stake holders. The analysis of the study shows that subdivision has indeed affected the quality of life of the area through reduced access, inadequate supply of water and electricity, poor sanitation, and lack of adequate ventilation. The findings imply that illegal subdivisions of settlement plots in Kano city would need to be discontinued and several recommendations are offered on possible measures to arrest further occurrence.

The paper aims to reveal one integrated global map which points out the major geographical inequalities in providing basic utilities across the countries using multivariate analysis and thematic cartography. Sixteen indicators with global coverage were selected taking into account the waste collection services, sanitation facilities, drinking water sources, energy, electricity, habitat and demographic conditions. Several data are broken down for the total, urban and rural population in order to outline the rural-urban disparities between and within countries. A special focus is given to waste collection coverage, in order to compute a comprehensive global assessment of this key indicator of public health, which is one of the poorest monitored basic utility. The world countries were divided into 10 classes according to the hierarchical cluster analysis. Each class has particular features outlining the gaps between high, middle and low-income countries with direct impact on quality of life, public health, and environment.

Social life and social structure of Romania were changed forcefully by the communist system which aimed an egalitarian society having no class among the parts of society. Family was one of the first social institutions affected as a result of these changes. Policy, structure, importance and quality of life of the family changed during all these years. To understand how the quality of life of a Romanian family was during the Communist Regime, it is important to know other social conditions and welfare of the society such as housing, health care, education and social life. In this paper, I wanted to underline some important points about the quality of family life during the communist regime in Romania.

Background:
Evaluating outcomes such as health-related quality of life is particularly important and relevant in skin conditions such as pressure ulcers where the condition and associated interventions pose substantial burden to patients. Measures to evaluate such outcomes need to be developed by utilising patient-perspective to ensure that content and conceptualisation is relevant to patients.

Objectives
Our aim was to develop a conceptual framework of health-related quality of life in pressure ulcers, based on patients’ views about the impact of pressure ulcers and interventions on health-related quality of life to inform the development of a new patient-reported outcome measure.

Setting, participants and methods
We developed a working conceptual framework based on a previous review of the literature, then used semi-structured qualitative interviews with 30 adults with pressure ulcers (22–94 years) purposively sampled from hospital, community and rehabilitation care settings in England and Northern Ireland to obtain patients’ views, and thematic content analysis and review by a multidisciplinary expert group to develop the final conceptual framework.

Findings
Our conceptual model includes four health-related quality of life domains (symptoms, physical functioning, psychological well-being, social functioning), divided into 13 sub-domains and defined by specific descriptive components.

Conclusions
We have identified health-related quality of life outcomes that are important to people with pressure ulcers and developed a conceptual framework using robust and systematic methods, which provides the basis for the development of a new pressure ulcer-specific measure of health-related quality of life.

Humanization of Neighborhoods Initiative" was launched in 2020, under the QoL program aiming at improving and adapting public spaces in the city of Riyadh into pedestrian-friendly ones and fewer cars' dependent which can help accomplish the Saudi Vision 2030. This research aims at investigating the reflections of the QoL program on the urban and social life in Riyadh neighborhoods focusing on the streets to promote social activities and walkability into a prime physical activity in neighborhoods. The research follows mixed methods; a qualitative approach is in the literature review and quantitative analysis in the research survey. It provides recommendations for city planners for developing pedestrian infrastructure.

The COVID-19 global health crisis has affected the mental and psychological health and well-being of the people around the world. However, little is known about the impact of COVID-19 among Filipino teachers. This study was conducted to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life (QoL) of professional teachers in the Philippines. A descriptive cross-sectional study was used involving 139 licensed professional teachers. The COVID-19 Impact on Quality of Life (COV19-QoL) was the primary measure used in this study. Descriptive statistics, t-test, and one-way ANOVA were the statistical tools employed to analyze the data. Results indicated a moderate COVID-19 impact on the QoL of the teachers. There was a significant difference in the impact of COVID-19 on QoL by degree program. However, the impact of COVID-19 on QoL did not significantly differ by age, sex, marital status, employment status, monthly salary, presence of a COVID-19 case near their residence, perso...