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The study examined job satisfaction of counselors in various specialties and also across educational levels. The researchers administered the Job Descriptive Index ( JDI) (Balzer et al., 1997) and the results were analyzed using a... more
The study examined job satisfaction of counselors in various specialties and also across educational levels. The researchers administered the Job Descriptive Index ( JDI) (Balzer et al., 1997) and the results were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of covariance to measure differences for counselors in regard to satisfaction with the work tasks, present pay, promotion opportunities, supervision, work peers, and overall career. Findings indicated that Doctorate level counselors were more satisfied with promotion opportunities than Masters-level counselors, and counselor educators were more satisfied with promotion opportunities than mental health, school, or creative arts/other counselors. Ideas for enhancing graduate level career curricula and facilitating exploratory supervision for new counselors are discussed.
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This study examined the direct and indirect associations between insecure attachment patterns (avoidant and anxious) and affective state (positive and negative) on romantic relationship quality with a sample of 572 individuals involved in... more
This study examined the direct and indirect associations between insecure attachment patterns (avoidant and anxious) and affective state (positive and negative) on romantic relationship quality with a sample of 572 individuals involved in a romantic relationship. Results from structural equation model analyses indicated a negative direct association between insecure attachment patterns and romantic relationship quality as well as positive affective state. Thus, insecure attachment behavioral patterns were associated with reduced romantic relationship quality and positive emotions. Positive direct associations were found between positive affective state and romantic relationship quality; thus, positive emotions were associated with greater perceived romantic relationship quality. A positive direct association was also observed between anxious attachment patterns and negative affective state; thus, negative emotions were associated with the insecure, anxious attachment behavioral patt...
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ABSTRACT The prevalence and rampant growth of sexually compulsive behaviors is recognized as a significant social problem affecting those who struggle with the behaviors, their romantic partners, their families, and other individuals in... more
ABSTRACT The prevalence and rampant growth of sexually compulsive behaviors is recognized as a significant social problem affecting those who struggle with the behaviors, their romantic partners, their families, and other individuals in their social network. The current study investigated the role of attachment, early life stressors (ELS), age, and behavioral religiosity in sexually compulsive behaviors. Results suggested attachment anxiety, ELS, and behavioral religiosity were positively associated with sexually compulsive behaviors while age was negatively associated with sexually compulsive behaviors. Those participants high in sexually compulsive behaviors reported more attachment insecurity and ELS.
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ABSTRACT Limited literature is available applying specific theoretical orientations with American Indians. Solution-focused therapy may be appropriate, given the client-identified solutions, the egalitarian counselor/client relationship,... more
ABSTRACT Limited literature is available applying specific theoretical orientations with American Indians. Solution-focused therapy may be appropriate, given the client-identified solutions, the egalitarian counselor/client relationship, the use of relationships, and the view that change is inevitable. However, adaption of scaling questions and the miracle question may be necessary. Hay una limitada cantidad de literatura disponible que aplique orientaciones teóricas específicas con indios americanos. La terapia centrada en soluciones puede ser apropiada, dadas las soluciones identificadas por los clientes, la relación igualitaria entre consejero y cliente, el uso de relaciones y la visión de que el cambio es inevitable. Sin embargo, puede que sea necesario adaptar las preguntas de escala y la pregunta del milagro.
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Depression is a known risk factor for vascular disease in community cohorts and in large, system-wide, health care databases. It is not known if the association between depression and incident vascular disease exists when patient data is... more
Depression is a known risk factor for vascular disease in community cohorts and in large, system-wide, health care databases. It is not known if the association between depression and incident vascular disease exists when patient data is restricted to depression presenting in primary care. Data were from a medical record registry capturing all primary care encounters at a large academic medical practice from 2008 to 2013. From 27225 registry patients, we identified 7383 patients free of vascular disease for 18 months prior to baseline. ICD-9-CM codes were used to define depression and vascular disease. Volume of health care use, demographics and comorbid diagnoses were obtained from the patient data registry. Cox proportional hazard models with time dependent covariates were computed to measure the association between depression and incident vascular disease before and after adjusting for covariates. Of the 7383 patients initially free of vascular disease, 14% were diagnosed with de...
Research Interests: Primary Health Care, Depression, Family Practice, Medicine, Humans, and 15 moreInternal Medicine, Female, Male, Missouri, Incidence, Registries, Aged, Middle Aged, International Classification of Diseases, Adult, Public health systems and services research, Proportional hazards model, Odds ratio, Confidence Interval, and confounding
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Addressing both biological processes (nature) and interpersonal processes (nurture) occurring within the infant/caregiver relationship, early human development is reviewed from three perspectives: neurobiology, systems theory, and... more
Addressing both biological processes (nature) and interpersonal processes (nurture) occurring within the infant/caregiver relationship, early human development is reviewed from three perspectives: neurobiology, systems theory, and attachment theory. Utilizing a case illustration to apply the reviewed theories, it is postulated that the integration of neurobiological development, systems theory, and attachment theory substantiates the proposition that nurture is nature.
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Subjective well-being is defined using a triune model including positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction. These variables are positively related to romantic relationship satisfaction and influenced by demographic... more
Subjective well-being is defined using a triune model including positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction. These variables are positively related to romantic relationship satisfaction and influenced by demographic characteristics (i.e., sexual orientation and relationship status). However, research often neglects how the interaction of identifying as specific demographics (e.g., gay or lesbian, in a committed relationship) may lead to different experiences of subjective well-being. A sample of individuals ( N = 811) participated in this national, online survey that assessed relationship quality, life satisfaction, and positive/negative affect. A two-way multivariate analysis of variance revealed those in a committed romantic relationship, regardless of marital status, reported more life satisfaction and fewer negative mood symptoms demonstrating greater personal subjective well-being. When assessing differences by sexual orientation, gay men reported less life satisfac...
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Counselors may be unaware of the physiological underpinnings of couple relationships. Understanding emotions as physiological responses resulting from autonomic arousal, we measured couples’ heart rate across a series of typical... more
Counselors may be unaware of the physiological underpinnings of couple relationships. Understanding emotions as physiological responses resulting from autonomic arousal, we measured couples’ heart rate across a series of typical conversations. Forty-nine heterosexual and one lesbian couple completed measures of emotional reactivity and dyadic adjustment. We used pulse oximetry to record individual heart rate through three 5-min conversations. Using multilevel dyadic growth models, we found emotional arousal and reactivity-predicted heart rate among women, and greater relationship length predicted heart rate among men. We additionally found couples synchronous with respect to relationship satisfaction and emotional reactivity but not to physiological responsivity. This study contributes to counselors’ understanding of women’s physiological reactivity, male responses in longer relationships, and how to support couples when there is potential for relationship conflict.
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ABSTRACT This study examined the relationship between marital status, early life stressors (ELS) and depression, anxiety, and stress in a nonclinical population of individuals aged 20 and older. Individuals with a history of ELS reported... more
ABSTRACT This study examined the relationship between marital status, early life stressors (ELS) and depression, anxiety, and stress in a nonclinical population of individuals aged 20 and older. Individuals with a history of ELS reported stressors such as physical abuse, sexual abuse, poverty, and/or physical illnesses in childhood. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that current symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress scores were positively associated with a history of ELS. In addition, anxiety and depression scores were negatively associated with being married when high (defined as three or more experiences) ELS was entered as the second predictor variable. This implies that for those individuals experiencing a greater number of stressing events in childhood, maintaining a stable romantic relationship may be beneficial for their mental health. However, the relationship between marital status, depression, and anxiety needs further exploration in order to either confirm or deny this suggestion. Finally, being married was positively associated with stress scores.
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Child sexual abuse has the potential to cause distress for the victim across the lifespan. Romantic relationships may be particularly difficult for victims of child sexual abuse. This retrospective study examined differences in adult... more
Child sexual abuse has the potential to cause distress for the victim across the lifespan. Romantic relationships may be particularly difficult for victims of child sexual abuse. This retrospective study examined differences in adult romantic attachment, sexually compulsive behaviors, and emotion regulation by history of child sexual abuse in a large, nonclinical sample. Those with a history of child sexual abuse reported more attachment anxiety in romantic relationships and engaged in more sexually compulsive behaviors. Overall, males displayed more sexually compulsive behaviors than females regardless of history of sexual abuse. Males with a history of sexual abuse displayed the greatest number of sexually compulsive behaviors. Surprisingly, no differences were observed in emotion regulation or attachment avoidant behaviors by history of child sexual abuse. Future research should seek to replicate current findings and examine emotion regulation difficulties experienced as a result...
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... On a related note, parallel bodies of research also suggest that internalized racism (eg, Franklin, 1986, as cited in Taylor & Grundy, 199627. Taylor, J. and Grundy, C. 1996. ... TABLE 2 External and Internalized Racism and... more
... On a related note, parallel bodies of research also suggest that internalized racism (eg, Franklin, 1986, as cited in Taylor & Grundy, 199627. Taylor, J. and Grundy, C. 1996. ... TABLE 2 External and Internalized Racism and Heterosexism Predicting Psychological Distress. ...