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A method of designing intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) is described which stresses the importance of providing the user with knowledge about a given problem-domain before problem solving skills are put to the test. Central to this... more
A method of designing intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) is described which stresses the importance of providing the user with knowledge about a given problem-domain before problem solving skills are put to the test. Central to this approach is the condition that knowledge about a given problem-domain can be 'decomposed' according to some well-grounded principle. The result of this decomposition is a body of information that is organised according to semi-autonomous topics into a hierarchy of functionally related information structures. >
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Se analizan los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible establecidos por Naciones Unidas en 2015, que se pactaron después de una discusión exhaustiva con todos los países del mundo, en la búsqueda del desarrollo sustentable. Se utiliza la... more
Se analizan los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible establecidos por Naciones Unidas en 2015, que se pactaron después de una discusión exhaustiva con todos los países del mundo, en la búsqueda del desarrollo sustentable. Se utiliza la versión trabajada en la Cumbre de Género de ese mismo año que incluye la dimensión de género. Se plantea aquí que la ciencia, el uso de la energía y el género son temas transversales a los objetivos. Sin embargo, esta transversalidad es complicada, porque tanto la ciencia como la tecnología y el uso de la energía dependen de la perspectiva de género. Se resaltan aquí algunos temas que deberán ser investigados rumbo al desarrollo sustentable y se dan referencias digitales importantes para las personas interesadas en este tema.
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Integrating sex and gender analysis into research and innovation (R&I) enhances the quality and impact of scientific results as well as products and services developed for the market. Given the historic under-representation of women in... more
Integrating sex and gender analysis into research and innovation (R&I) enhances the quality and impact of scientific results as well as products and services developed for the market. Given the historic under-representation of women in science and certain areas of the labor market, it is not surprising that knowledge itself is biased, having a higher male footprint.
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Applying gender lenses to the interlinkages and synergies between SDGs Making sure that Agenda 2030 will not leave women behind Title: Applying gender lenses to the interlinkages and synergies between SDGs Making sure that Agenda 2030 will not leave women behind Applying gender lenses to the inte...more
For historical reasons science today has substantially more evidence for males and men than for females and women, which means that quality of research and innovation outcomes may often be worse for women than for men. I explore how the... more
For historical reasons science today has substantially more evidence for males and men than for females and women, which means that quality of research and innovation outcomes may often be worse for women than for men. I explore how the gender dimension—a term used to mean effects of biological (sex) and/or socio-cultural (gender) characteristics—fits into new materials research and engineering and especially in nano-materials applications. Horizon Europe expects that grant proposals should include explanation if gender dimension is relevant to the project’s objectives. This paper shows that often the answer should be yes it is.
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Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on research needs for delivering effective human–computer systems. This problem is discussed in the light of the work supported by the Joint Councils' Initiative (JCI), the SOFT Science and... more
Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on research needs for delivering effective human–computer systems. This problem is discussed in the light of the work supported by the Joint Councils' Initiative (JCI), the SOFT Science and Technology Programme and the Real World Computing (RWC) program. The perspective on human–computer interface (HCI) from robotics is presented in the chapter. A robot is defined as a computer system with eyes, ears, tactile/force sensors, hands, and legs for interacting with an environment. Thus, the term HCI can be replaced by human–robot interaction (HRI). It is discussed that approach to robotics will expose novel aspects of HRI. In addition, the chapter focuses on the design of friendly interfaces for pictorial database systems. A model of visual image processing and algorithms is developed for visual interaction, such as sketch, similarity, and sense retrieval. These algorithms have been used in an image database of graphical symbols, which adapt to each user's subjective similarity measures. An electronic art gallery has also been developed, containing full-color paintings that enable retrieval via text-based queries (e.g., romantic, soft, or warm).
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Three strategic approaches have been taken for gender equality in research over the past several decades: "Fix the Numbers of Women" which focuses on increasing women's participation. "Fix the Institutions" which... more
Three strategic approaches have been taken for gender equality in research over the past several decades: "Fix the Numbers of Women" which focuses on increasing women's participation. "Fix the Institutions" which promotes gender equality in careers through structural change in research organisations. "Fix the Knowledge" which stimulates excellence in science and technology by integrating sex and gender analysis into research (Schiebinger, 2008). This GenPORT research synthesis addresses the third approach of 'fixing the knowledge'. It is focused on health research because it is an area where sex-gender differences as determinants of outcomes are most extensively evidenced.
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The main aim of this conceptual framework is to identify how a Community of Practice (CoP) approach can advance gender equality through institutional change in the European Research Area by removing gender-related institutional barriers... more
The main aim of this conceptual framework is to identify how a Community of Practice (CoP) approach can advance gender equality through institutional change in the European Research Area by removing gender-related institutional barriers to research careers, tackling gender imbalances and gender bias in decision-making and integrating the gender dimension in education, research and innovation content. The first section looks at how a CoP can be developed within an institution to promote organisational change for a greater gender equality in these three gender equality priority areas. The second section considers how an inter-organisational CoP can promote institutional change, primarily through the sharing of best-practices and institutions working together in these three gender equality priority areas.The third section identifies how ACT can improve the competence and agency of CoPs by providing targeted support. The fourth section considers the scaling up of CoPs and how this could...
ABSTRACT Horizon 2020 is the 8th Framework Programme used in Europe to advance EU wide research and innovation. For the first time in the history of these efforts gender has been identified as a cross cutting issue and both gender... more
ABSTRACT Horizon 2020 is the 8th Framework Programme used in Europe to advance EU wide research and innovation. For the first time in the history of these efforts gender has been identified as a cross cutting issue and both gender equality in research teams and gender dimension in research content have been set as criteria of success. These milestone actions have been introduced not because gender equality has formed part of the EU policy since 1957 but because the European Commission has recognized the importance of the research evidence showing that addressing gender issues in science will improve quality of research and innovation and open up new opportunities for creating markets for science knowledge. National level actions have now also started, and opportunities to change science’s gender-neutral paradigm into one that sees gender as an important research excellence variable are increasing. My talk will explain where Europe is now on this journey.
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We outline an approach to the analysis of user interactions with a computer system based on a logic programming agent architecture which unifies planning and reactive behaviours. The agent model deploys definitions for the reduction of... more
We outline an approach to the analysis of user interactions with a computer system based on a logic programming agent architecture which unifies planning and reactive behaviours. The agent model deploys definitions for the reduction of goals to subgoals, integrity constraints for condition-action rule behaviour, and uses Abductive Event Calculus to represent and reason about actions and change. This computational environment is particularly well matched to the requirements of engineering models of human performance deployed in human-computer interaction design. These models aim to produce a priori quantitative predictions of execution time, learning time and errors, at an earlier stage in the development than prototyping and user testing. The most mature of the engineering models is GOMS, which stands for: goals (what the user wants to accomplish), operators (permissible actions on an interface), methods (sequences of actions needed to accomplish a goal), and selection rules (to cho...
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genSET Consensus Seminars. : The Gender Dimension in Science. Briefing Notes 1 and Supplement The aim of the genSET Consensus Seminars was to help define and integrate the views of the science community into the wider discussion of the... more
genSET Consensus Seminars. : The Gender Dimension in Science. Briefing Notes 1 and Supplement
The aim of the genSET Consensus Seminars was to help define and integrate the views of the science community into the wider discussion of the role of gender in science. The Science Leaders Consensus Panel, composed of 16 European leaders from across different fields, has been tasked with producing a Consensus Report on the gender dimension in science. In the course of three consensus seminars they reflected, discussee and deliberated the underlying issues.
The European Science Foundation was the Patron of the Report, and in this way, the conclusions and advice of the Panel were intended to guide science institutions in mainstreaming gender within their organisations and their fields.
The aim of the genSET Consensus Seminars was to help define and integrate the views of the science community into the wider discussion of the role of gender in science. The Science Leaders Consensus Panel, composed of 16 European leaders from across different fields, has been tasked with producing a Consensus Report on the gender dimension in science. In the course of three consensus seminars they reflected, discussee and deliberated the underlying issues.
The European Science Foundation was the Patron of the Report, and in this way, the conclusions and advice of the Panel were intended to guide science institutions in mainstreaming gender within their organisations and their fields.
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The theme of this special issue is ''The Role of Cognitive Science in Human–Computer Interaction''(HCI). A generally accepted definition states that the main goal of HCI is to advance the design, implementation, and use of... more
The theme of this special issue is ''The Role of Cognitive Science in Human–Computer Interaction''(HCI). A generally accepted definition states that the main goal of HCI is to advance the design, implementation, and use of interactive computing systems by human beings (ACM, SIGCHI, 1992).
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Horizon 2020 is the 8th Framework Programme used in Europe to advance EU wide research and innovation. For the first time in the history of these efforts gender has been identified as a cross cutting issue and both gender equality in... more
Horizon 2020 is the 8th Framework Programme used in Europe to advance EU wide research and innovation. For the first time in the history of these efforts gender has been identified as a cross cutting issue and both gender equality in research teams and gender dimension in research content have been set as criteria of success. These milestone actions have been introduced not because gender equality has formed part of the EU policy since 1957 but because the European Commission has recognized the importance of the research evidence showing that addressing gender issues in science will improve quality of research and innovation and open up new opportunities for creating markets for science knowledge. National level actions have now also started, and opportunities to change science’s gender-neutral paradigm into one that sees gender as an important research excellence variable are increasing. My talk will explain where Europe is now on this journey.
We outline an approach to the analysis of user interactions with a computer system based on a logic programming agent architecture which unifies planning and reactive behaviours. The agent model deploys definitions for the reduction of... more
We outline an approach to the analysis of user interactions with a computer system based on a logic programming agent architecture which unifies planning and reactive behaviours. The agent model deploys definitions for the reduction of goals to subgoals, integrity constraints for condition-action rule behaviour, and uses Abductive Event Calculus to represent and reason about actions and change. This computational environment is particularly well matched to the requirements of engineering models of human performance deployed in human-computer interaction design. These models aim to produce a priori quantitative predictions of execution time, learning time and errors, at an earlier stage in the development than prototyping and user testing. The most mature of the engineering models is GOMS, which stands for: goals (what the user wants to accomplish), operators (permissible actions on an interface), methods (sequences of actions needed to accomplish a goal), and selection rules (to cho...
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Women in science and medicine. By - Jane Butcher.
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Women in science and medicine. By - Jane Butcher.