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Bali cattle originate from the Indonesian island of Bali and are well known in various regions throughout Indonesia. Bali cattle are known as beef cattle with high carcass proportion and good performance. There are two systems of Balinese... more
Bali cattle originate from the Indonesian island of Bali and are well known in various regions throughout Indonesia. Bali cattle are known as beef cattle with high carcass proportion and good performance. There are two systems of Balinese cattle raising in Bima Regency, namely extensive and intensive. This study aims to measure the body size of male Bali cattle reared in an intensive and extensive rearing system in Bima Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. A total of 100 male Bali cows are kept using different maintenance systems, in the intensive system there are 50 heads and in the extensive system there are 50 heads, measured by body length, shoulder height, and chest circumference. Quantitative descriptive body size data were used to obtain mean values and standard deviations. The results showed that the body size of male Bali cows in intensive care in Bima Bali Cows was better in extensive maintenance (P <0.05). Thus, the intensive maintenance system for male Bali cattle can be applied to obtain better growth performance and can be used for fattening or selection of cattle of good quality to meet future national demand for beef.
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This study was conducted to determine the sexual behaviors of Ongole crossbreed bulls and cows with colony housing systems. Bull sexual behaviors was observed, including Oro-Nasal Contact (ONC), Flehmen, Mounts Orientation Response (MOR),... more
This study was conducted to determine the sexual behaviors of Ongole crossbreed bulls and cows with colony housing systems. Bull sexual behaviors was observed, including Oro-Nasal Contact (ONC), Flehmen, Mounts Orientation Response (MOR), Mounts, and Services. Cows sexual behaviors were: Mounting, Standing-to-be-mounted (STBM), and vulvar appearance (color, swelling, secretion of mucus). Sexual behaviors were observed in 24 hours, with the estrous cycle stage was determined by changes in the character of the vaginal epithelial cells. The data was analyzed by using statistic varian one-way method. The result showed that Ongole crossbreed bulls had sexual behaviors (ONC, Flehmen, MOR, Mounts, and Services) significantly higher than cows with estrous phase (P<0.01). The intensity of bull sexual behaviors had been influenced by the phase of estrous of the cows. At the time of estrus, the cows had the response of mounting (25%), STBM (100%), reddening vulva (75%), swelling vulva (75%), and mucus secretion (100%) that could be a factor of high sexual behavior intensity of the bulls. The conclusion of this study was bulls and cows that kept with the colony housing system had increased sexual behaviors when the cows at the estrous phase.
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The research was conducted to investigate performance of Bali Cows during pregnancy kept by smallholders partner of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V in Dayu District, Siak Regency, Riau Province. 16 Bali Cows observed since pregnancy until... more
The research was conducted to investigate performance of Bali Cows during pregnancy kept by smallholders partner of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V in Dayu District, Siak Regency, Riau Province. 16 Bali Cows observed since pregnancy until birth. Data observed that the weight of each month before pregnancy until after birth, the change of weight at 1st trimester, 2nd trimester, 3rd trimester; birth of weight and sex of calf and maintenance management by farmer. Average daily gain (ADG) data was analyzed using analysis of covariance with initial weight as a covariate. The data weight of calf as analyzed with ANOVA. The data of maintenance management was analyzed using descriptive, quantitative, qualitative method. Average body’s weight at 1st trimester, 2nd trimester, 3rd trimester in consecutive were 218,4521,99 kg; 250,1121,40 kg; and 276,8422,42 kg. ADG at 1st trimester, 2nd trimester, 3rd trimester in consecutive were 0,260,19 kg/head/day; 0,140,16 kg/head/day; and 0,300,20 kg/head/day. The variation of male calf birth weight between 13 kg until 17 kg with an average 14,921,50 kg while the female calf between 13 kg until 16 kg with an average 14,500,94 kg. The percentage of male calf birth weight to the weight of cow is 5,05% and female calf 5,32 %. The result showed that there are change of Bali Cow body’s weight since pregnancy until birth increased but not significant
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This study was aimed to assess the effect of seasons on the productivity of Bali cows kept in oil palm plantation (OPP). The study used 20 Bali cows and 1 bull, which kept semi-intensively without supplementary feeding. Cow’s reproductive... more
This study was aimed to assess the effect of seasons on the productivity of Bali cows kept in oil palm plantation (OPP). The study used 20 Bali cows and 1 bull, which kept semi-intensively without supplementary feeding. Cow’s reproductive data, grouped according to birth time, dry season (DS) (May-October) and the rainy season (RS) (November-April) from August 2016 to September 2018, were used. These data were used to determine calving interval and calf mortality. Cows were weighed monthly to estimate dry matter consumption, which was calculated using the Minson equations. Calves were weighed at birth and weaning. Cow’s reproductive index (CRI) and cow’s productivity index (CPI) were calculated based on reproductive data and weaning weight. Data were analysed using One way ANOVA. The result showed that during the DS, the consumption was better (1.96%BW) compared to the RS (1.83%BW) (P<0.01). Calf mortality was higher in the RS (19.05%) than the in DS (17.65%), due to high rainfall and humidity. During the two seasons, calving interval, birth and weaning weights, CRI and CPI of Bali cattle in OPP were relatively similar. It is concluded that the seasons did not influence productivity of Bali cows kept in OPP.
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This study aims to determine Garut Sheep productivity in different initial body weight feeding by water spinach straw at adaptation phase. Thirty-one Garut ewes (1-year-old) used on this research and divided into 3 groups of initial body... more
This study aims to determine Garut Sheep productivity in different initial body weight feeding by water spinach straw at adaptation phase. Thirty-one Garut ewes (1-year-old) used on this research and divided into 3 groups of initial body weight, SS (11.01-14.00 kg), MS (14.01-17.00 kg), LS (17.01-20.00 kg). Sheep were kept intensively and fed concentrate and water spinach straw (Ipomea reptans). The weighing was carried out before treatment (day 0) and after the adaptation period ended (day 14). Average daily gain, Feed conversion ratio, Feed cost per day, and Feed cost per gain were calculate to evaluate animal productivity. There are no differences in feed intake of water spinach straw and concentrate on each group of body weight (P>0.05). MS and LS groups had the best gain and ADG (P <0.05). MS has the best feed conversion compared to SS, so it has an impact on the feed cost per gain which is also cheaper (P <0.05). The results of this study show that the FCR and feed cost per gain of LS group were not different compare SS group (P> 0.05). It can be concluded that MS group has the best performance during the adaptation period.
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Research Interests: Animal Science, Biology, Productivity, Straw, Livestock, and 5 moreForage, Spinach, Morning, Dry Matter, and Dry Season
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lokasi pengambilan sampel dibawah naungan perkebunan sawit terhadap produktivitas (kualitas dan kuantitas) hijauan pakan di Sei Rokan Riau. Konsumsi protein hewani semakin meningkat... more
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lokasi pengambilan sampel dibawah naungan perkebunan sawit terhadap produktivitas (kualitas dan kuantitas) hijauan pakan di Sei Rokan Riau. Konsumsi protein hewani semakin meningkat dengan bertambahnya populasi penduduk sehingga perlu diikuti pengembangan peternakan termasuk pakan. Kendala yang sering dialami oleh peternak adalah ketersediaan hijauan, melimpah pada musim penghujan tetapi kekurangan pada musim kemarau. Alternatif untuk mendapatkan hijauan tanaman pakan perlu dilakukan seperti memanfaatkan tanaman pada area perkebunan. Perkebunan sawit berpotensial dengan luas panen sekitar 3.393.000 Ha pada tahun 2002, Indonesia menjadi negara penghasil kelapa sawit terbesar dunia; dari luasan tersebut sekitar 70–80% vegetasi yang ada di areal perkebunan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai hijauan pakan ternak. Vegetasi alami di area tengah, pinggir dan luar perkebunan kelapa sawit terdiri meliputi Eragrotis brownie, Kyllinga monocepala, Panicum trigonum, Paspalum sp., Polygonum sp., Eriochloa subglabral, Adiantum cunninghamii (paku), Asystasia intrusa (bayeman). Produksi segar hijauan area tersebut masing-masing yaitu 1,36, 1,14, 1,12 ton/ha. Hasil analisis kandungan nutrien BK, abu, BO, PK, SK, LK, BETN, TDN hitung dari ketiga sampel tersebut masing-masing memiliki range 16,94-26,38; 13,66-14,19, 85,81-86,34; 16,63-17,80; 24,82- 31,63; 5,04-6,24; 32,59-36,95; 50,32-65,24%. Produksi bahan kering dan bahan organik memiliki range 1,90-3,01dan 1,63-2,59 ton/ha. Berdasarkan data tersebut, maka hijauan tanaman pakan yang berada di bawah naungan perkebunan kelapa sawit berpotensi sebagai sumber pakan hijauan bagi ternak
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Research Interests: Animal Science and ETD
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This research was carried out to observe the behavior and physiological response of Simmental Ongole Crossbred (Simpo) cow compared to Ongole Crossbred (PO) cow in the tropical area. Three � 4 years old of 5 Simpo cows and 5 PO cows... more
This research was carried out to observe the behavior and physiological response of Simmental Ongole Crossbred (Simpo) cow compared to Ongole Crossbred (PO) cow in the tropical area. Three � 4 years old of 5 Simpo cows and 5 PO cows were used in this research, all of cows were not pregnant. The research carried out in October 2012 at Laboratory of Meat, Drought and Companion Animal, Faculty of Animal Science, Gadjah Mada University. The parameter included temperature and humidity of the stable, physiological data (respiration frequency, puls e frequency, and rectal temperature), feed and water consumption, as well as behavior data (standing frequency, sitting frequency, eating frequency, drinking frequency, defecating frequency, urinating f requency, ruminating frequency, ruminating duration, numbers of digest while ruminating) were observed. The data of behavior and consumption of feed and water were collected and analyzed used independent t-test. The data showed that the tempera...
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Ketepatan deteksi estrus pada sapi merupakan faktor penting dalam upaya peningkatan panen pedet, namun estrus sapi yang dipelihara di tingkat peternakan rakyat kadang tidak jelas. Diperlukan cara deteksi yang mudah tetapi tepat. Tujuh... more
Ketepatan deteksi estrus pada sapi merupakan faktor penting dalam upaya peningkatan panen pedet, namun estrus sapi yang dipelihara di tingkat peternakan rakyat kadang tidak jelas. Diperlukan cara deteksi yang mudah tetapi tepat. Tujuh ekor induk sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) diteliti untuk mengetahui penampakan vulva dan perubahan behavior saat induk sapi estrus di tingkat peternakan rakyat Kelompok Ternak Mergo Andhini Makmur, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Dilakukan pemeriksaan vaginal smear setiap tiga hari sebagai indikator sapi sedang estrus. Pengamatan secara visual terhadap penampakan vulva (keluar lendir, warna lebih kemerahan, bengkak, temperatur) dan behavior (agresivitas, melenguh, frekuensi dan lama makan, ruminasi, berdiri, berbaring, konsumsi pakan dan minum, urinasi, defekasi) dilakukan 24 jam setiap hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa saat estrus 100% induk sapi dari vulva mengeluarkan lendir, lebih merah 71,42%, bengkak 57,14%, temperatur rektal 38,13±0,320C. Dari behavior,...
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Characteristics of skin and hair color in cattle, as well as the number of skin follicles, have an essential role in the process of adapting to the ambient temperature and humidity. Bali cattle (Bos Sondaicus) is an indigenous Indonesian... more
Characteristics of skin and hair color in cattle, as well as the number of skin follicles, have an essential role in the process of adapting to the ambient temperature and humidity. Bali cattle (Bos Sondaicus) is an indigenous Indonesian cattle that is a tropical climate, has the characteristics of the light hair color crossing with Black Angus (Bos Taurus) from different species, subtropical climate. Objective: To know the changes in the skin and hair color characteristics of F1 crossing of Bos Sondaicus with Angus (Bos Taurus), and whether it affects its adaptability to the tropical environment. Methods: Twenty of F1 Angus x Bali cross cattle were studied for their characteristics of skin and hair color, a number of skin follicles as well as physiological status for early identification of adaptability in a tropical environment. Hair and skin color measured by the value of the RGB (Red, Green, Blue) method. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was done to distinguish RGB values and ...
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This study aims to determine the effect of protected soybean groats and lemuru fish oil as feed supplement on the performance of Ongole crossbred cows at postpartum periods. The treatments were P1 = 90% basal feed + 10% unprotected... more
This study aims to determine the effect of protected soybean groats and lemuru fish oil as feed supplement on the performance of Ongole crossbred cows at postpartum periods. The treatments were P1 = 90% basal feed + 10% unprotected soybean groats and lemuru fish oil mixture; P2 = 90% basal feed + 5% unprotected soybean groats and lemuru fish oil mixture + 5% protected soybean groats and lemuru fish oil mixture; P3 = 90% basal feed + 10% protected soybean groats and lemuru fish oil mixture. Birth weight of calves at P1, P2, and P3 treatments were 26.00, 31.60, and 28.40 kg, respectively. The results of the variance analysis showed that the use of soybean groats protected lemuru fish oil in rations significantly affected the daily weight gain of calves but did not affect the daily weight gain of cows as well as feed conversion and efficiency. The conclusion of this study was that the use of 5% protected soybean groats and lemuru fish oil mixture combined with 5% unprotected soybean gr...
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Research Interests: Computer Science and Java
Now many farmers have switched preferences from local cows to crossbred cows. The research was conducted to investigate performance oflocal cows Ongole Grade (OG] compared with Simmental Ongole Crossbred Cows (SOCC] in sub district Turi... more
Now many farmers have switched preferences from local cows to crossbred cows. The research was conducted to investigate performance oflocal cows Ongole Grade (OG] compared with Simmental Ongole Crossbred Cows (SOCC] in sub district Turi and Cangkringan, district Sleman Yogyakarta. Cow performance data got by interview of 51 farmers and body measurement got from 19 OG and 51 SOCC. There was different in body size, the body of SOCC bigger than OG (P<0.05) on girth of chest (170.75±1.90 cm vs 156.52±2.16 cm]; whiteres height (128.68±1.00 cm vs 121.57ll.03 cm); body length (119.73ll.43 cm vs 105.26+1.21 cm]; heigth at hip (132.75i0.93 cm vs 127.31+0.93 cm]; hip wide (46.7510.67 cm vs 41.68i0.76 cm]; head lenght (52.00+0.46 cm vs 48.89i0.47 cm] and head wide (22.0210.34 cm vs 20.42i0.29 cm]. In terms of reproductive performance is obtained that post partum estrus (103.1617.01 days vs 151.84ll3.97 days] and post partum mating (116.00i6.71 days vs 154.05ll3.56 days] SOCC were shorter (P<0.05] than OG, while S/C (2.3710.18 vs 1.8910.20]; weaning age (125.09l5.47 days vs 147.37il3.48 days] and calving interval (427.9317.22 days vs 455.84ll5.98 days] were not different Based on the research result, the SOCC performance is better than OG in terms ofbody size, post partum estrus and postpartum mating. Key words: Performance, Ongole Grade, Simmental Ongole Crossbred Cows
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The development of the beef cattle population in Indonesia can be done by increasing the cows’ performance keeping by oil palm farmers. The research aimed to study Bali cows’ production system and performance maintained by oil palm... more
The development of the beef cattle population in Indonesia can be done by increasing the cows’ performance keeping by oil palm farmers. The research aimed to study Bali cows’ production system and performance maintained by oil palm farmers in Karya Mulya Village, Rambah Samo District, Rokan Hulu Regency, Riau. Fifteen farmers as respondent with 33 of their Bali cows were the subjects of observation. This research was conducted using the interview method, focused on the production system, body size, and reproductive performance. Data were analyzed descriptively, quantitative, and qualitative. The study results on body size showed that the Bali cows had a chest circumference of 156.68±7.07 cm, shoulder height 112.73±8.86 cm, absolute body length 113.77±5.26 cm, relative body length 105±6.89 cm, body weight 253.65±28.64 kg, and body condition score 2.91±0.50. Reproductive performance includes the calving interval is 376.96±77.65 days, weaning time is 7.74±1.16 months, postpartum estrus 72.00±36.81 days, postpartum mating 72.00±36.81 days, service per conception 1.23±0.8, calf mortality 6.25%, calf weaning weight at 205 days is 97.59±22.88 kg, cows reproductive index 0.96 ± 0.26 and productivity 68.23 ± 46.89. It concluded that Bali cows raised by oil palm farmers in Rokan Hulu, Riau had good performance and body size.
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There is a general concern that livestock can have a profound effect on the environment, also in smallholder production systems. This paper presented the impact of small ruminants on the quality of air and water in and around small... more
There is a general concern that livestock can have a profound effect on the environment, also in smallholder production systems. This paper presented the impact of small ruminants on the quality of air and water in and around small ruminant houses. In total, 27 small ruminant houses from the three agro-ecological zones, lowlands, middle zone and uplands, in the Province
Research Interests: Environmental Science, Air Quality, Water quality, Air pollution, Water Pollution, and 15 moreAnimal Production, Java, Air Sampling, Local governance, Iron, Small Ruminant Production, Ruminant, Water Quality, Calcium Carbonate, Production System, Total Coliform, Organic Matter, Sulphur dioxide, Environmental Problem, and small ruminant
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In Indonesia, integrated oil-palm plantation (OPP) and cattle production systems has been widely practiced in outside Java Island, as an efficient strategy to meet the demand of meat. A dynamic model, called LiGAPS-beef is then needed to... more
In Indonesia, integrated oil-palm plantation (OPP) and cattle production systems has been widely practiced in outside Java Island, as an efficient strategy to meet the demand of meat. A dynamic model, called LiGAPS-beef is then needed to simulate the potential and feed-limited production of Bali cattle. This pre-liminary study was aimed to identify and determine the input parameters of Bali cattle production under oil-palm plantation systems for LiGAPS-beef. Literature review and survey on intensive and semi-intensive OPP-cattle integrated systems (I-OPP and SI-OPP), were done, to identify the parameters which define (potential) and limit (actual) the production of Bali cattle. The general parameters were calf crop (%), weaning age (month), culling rate (%year−1), heat increment of feeding; ME content undergrowth plants, grass, legumes, oil palm by products and, concentrates (MJkg−1 DM); potential production of undergrowth plants, grass, legumes, and oil palm by products (kgDMha−1year−1); percentage of carcass (%) and percentage of beef meat (%).The difference between the potential and actual production then will be simulated using LiGAPS- beef to assess the yield gap of Bali cattle production under OPP systems.
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This research aimed to compare Aceh cow’s performance on different mating systems at BPTU HPT Indrapuri, Indonesia. This research uses 202 Aceh cows with varying systems of mating; natural mating (164 cows), and artificial insemination... more
This research aimed to compare Aceh cow’s performance on different mating systems at BPTU HPT Indrapuri, Indonesia. This research uses 202 Aceh cows with varying systems of mating; natural mating (164 cows), and artificial insemination (AI; 38 cows). Cow’s performance data included birth weight, postpartum mating, calving interval, weaning weight, Cow Reproduction Index (CRI), and Cow Production Index (CPI), obtained from the recording in 2014-2019 and calculation. This research uses the Oneway Anova test to analyze the cow’s performance between mating systems. The results of the cow’s performance included birth weight, postpartum mating, calving interval, weaning weight, CRI, and CPI for natural mating system were 14.32±1.41 kg, 265.61±260.0 days, 558,.21±260.07 days, 54.32±19.32 kg, 0.69 calf/cow/year and 37,48 kg/cow/year respectively, while for AI system were 14,98±1,38 kg, 289.34±285,.06 days, 581.94±285.06 days, 59.10±21.83 kg, 0.70 calf/cow/year dan 41.37 kg/kg/cow/year. The results showed that the performance of the Aceh cows with natural mating dan artificial insemination was relatively the same.
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Background: Batur and Wonosobo sheep are two Indonesian indigenous sheep breeds from Central Java Province, Indonesia. This study aimed to describe and discriminate the morphostructure of Batur sheep and Wonosobo sheep with body... more
Background: Batur and Wonosobo sheep are two Indonesian indigenous sheep breeds from Central Java Province, Indonesia. This study aimed to describe and discriminate the morphostructure of Batur sheep and Wonosobo sheep with body measurements and body indices. Methods: Fourteen body measurements and nine body indices were measured from 37 Batur and 83 Wonosobo sheep. Two statistical methods of factor and discriminant analyses were computed with SPSS 25.0 program to describe the sheep’s morphostructure and characterization. Result: The factor analysis in body measurements was obtained three principal components (PCs) that explain about 76.58% (Wonosobo sheep) and 73.51% (Batur sheep) of the total variance in animals’ morphostructure. Meanwhile, the factor analysis in body indices was obtained on three PCs that explain about 79.16% (Batur sheep) and 95.57% (Wonosobo sheep) of the total variance in animals’ morphostructure. About 95.2% of Wonosobo sheep and 92.7% of Batur sheep can be c...
This study aims to determine the distribution and dynamics population of Aceh cattle and Non Aceh cattle in the years to come. This study was held on May 2016 in North Aceh by 162 smallholder as respondents was spread in three (3)... more
This study aims to determine the distribution and dynamics population of Aceh cattle and Non Aceh cattle in the years to come. This study was held on May 2016 in North Aceh by 162 smallholder as respondents was spread in three (3) districts which is Muara Batu District (39), Sawang District (75), and the Nisam District (48). The method was used survey in the field to obtain primary data, while secondary data obtained from the Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of North Aceh District. The parameters includes respondent identity, ownership of livestock, population structure, distribution and dynamics population. Dynamics population was calculated by using time series analysis. Total onwership of cattle per smallholder in North Aceh Regency was 3.03 heads (1.65 AU) with a percentage of 84.93% Aceh cattle (2.57 heads/1.78 AU) and cattle other than the Aceh cattle was 15.07% (0.47 heads/0.25 AU). Population dynamics of beef cattle in North Aceh Regency in the year of 2011 to ...