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The concentrations of PAHs compounds in this study were estimated in soil of different land uses at Basrah governorate including thirty stations distributed in eight locations (five residential areas, four oil areas, four agricultural... more
The concentrations of PAHs compounds in this study were estimated in soil of different land uses at Basrah governorate including thirty stations distributed in eight locations (five residential areas, four oil areas, four agricultural areas, five public streets, four petrol stations, two power plants, two public parks and four near private electrical generators). The levels of PAHs compounds mean in all locations ranged from (34.2 - 382.5) ng g-1 dry weight. The means of carcinogenic PAHs compounds in study area varied from (66.4 - 688.8) ng g-1 dry weight and mean of non-carcinogenic PAHs compounds varied from (12.8 - 292.5) ng g-1 dry weight. The carcinogenic PAHs compounds are more dominant than non-carcinogenic PAHs compounds. The human health risk was assessed depending on toxic equivalent quotients (TEQs). The results showed that TEQs ranged from (77.98 - 951.10) ng g-1 dry weight. The TEQs of PAHs in soil samples of oil areas showed the highest level. In general all locations...
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Aliphatic hydrocarbon n-alkanes, pristane (Pr), and phytane (Ph) were determined in the tissues of sixeconomic freshwater fish species (Luciobarbus xanthopterus, Ctenophyngodonidella, Cyprinus carpio, Tilapia zillii, Palanizaabu, and... more
Aliphatic hydrocarbon n-alkanes, pristane (Pr), and phytane (Ph) were determined in the tissues of sixeconomic freshwater fish species (Luciobarbus xanthopterus, Ctenophyngodonidella, Cyprinus carpio, Tilapia zillii, Palanizaabu, and Leuciscus vorax) collected from the Shatt Al-Arab river. They were analyzed bycapillary gas chromatography - flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The carbon chain lengths of n-alkanesin the fish tissue samples ranged from nC13 to nC36. The highest concentration of the total n-alkanes wasdetected in the filter feeder P. abu tissue (23.14μg/g dry weight) and the lowest concentration was in theomnivorous C. carpio tissue (3.76 μg/g dry weight). The major sources of the n-alkanes, pristanes, andphytanes were from petroleum hydrocarbons based on the results of the molecular biomarker indices andthe ratios of CPI (carbon preference index), Pr/Ph, LMW/HMW (total nC13-C24/total nC25-nC36), nC17/Pr,and nC18/Ph. The percentage of n-alkanes from petroleum related...
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This study includes laboratory uptake and depuration experiments. The bivalve C. fluminea is exposed to 5ml of WSF of Nahran–Umar crude oil for each liter of river water for 48 hours in the static toxicity test system. The exposure water... more
This study includes laboratory uptake and depuration experiments. The bivalve C. fluminea is exposed to 5ml of WSF of Nahran–Umar crude oil for each liter of river water for 48 hours in the static toxicity test system. The exposure water and animals are periodically taken for analysis of total hydrocarbons concentrations by spectroflurometer. After the exposure period is over, the bivalve transferred to clean river water for depuration period of 48 hours. The experiments show that there are no mortalities due to WSF of Nahran–Umar crude oil. The bivalve is usually active during the 12–16 hours of the experiments. Hydrocarbons concentrations in the exposure water decreased are slowly in a linear fashion so that no measurable concentrations remained after 32 hours. Hydrocarbons accumulated by the bivalve are slowly during the first few hours of exposure. After 2 hours of exposure, the concentration of hydrocarbons is approximately 0.38 ppm in water, while in tissues it is 4.8 ppm. Aft...
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Sediment samples collected from nine sampling sites along the Shatt Al-Arab River, Basrah City, Iraq were analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector in order to determine the degree and sources of PAHs contamination. The... more
Sediment samples collected from nine sampling sites along the Shatt Al-Arab River, Basrah City, Iraq were analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector in order to determine the degree and sources of PAHs contamination. The total organic carbon (TOC) content and grain size of sediments were also analyzed. The Shatt Al-Arab River sediments content of PAHs were relatively moderate compared to other world-wide locations contaminated by oil. The total concentrations of PAHs ranged from 30.86 ng/g dry weight in the IX site to 87.79 ng/g dry weight in the VI site with highest content of PAHs were found in the Shatt Al-Arab River sediments near potential oil pollution sources, close to sites II, IV, VI, and VIII. The % TOC was varied from 0.32 to 1.64 %. The concentrations of PAHs in the Shatt Al-Arab River sediments appeared to be related to % TOC or grain size. The selected marked PAHs, the PAHs compounds ratios and the principal component analysis (PCA) suggest that the PAHs...
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The levels of petroleum hydrocarbons and trace elements were determined in the water and sediment samples from different locations in the marshland of southern Iraq. The Mean concentrations of TPH in the waters ranged from 0.012 μg/l at... more
The levels of petroleum hydrocarbons and trace elements were determined in the water and sediment samples from different locations in the marshland of southern Iraq. The Mean concentrations of TPH in the waters ranged from 0.012 μg/l at Al-Barkha to 0.037 μg/l at Al-Baghdadia 1, while in the sediment samples the mean values ranged from 0.030 ug/g at Um-Alneach to 0.96 μg/g dry weight at AlBaghdadia 2. Distribution of trace elements in water and in sediment showed variations in concentration with sampling site. The mean values of the elements in the water were : 1.13-3.68 for Co, 0.16-1.37 for Mn, 0.66-2.37 for Ni, 0.28-1.51 for Fe and 0.10-0.28 mg/l for Cu, while in sediments the mean range were: 39.25-88.0 for Co, 408.6-506.3 for Mn, 52.2-90.3 for Ni, 6923-9910 for Fe and 16.36-38.30 μg/g dry weight for Cu. Grain size analysis and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) also determined in these samples. All the levels of both hydrocarbons and trace elements in the water and sediment samples wer...
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This study aimed to detect the present levels and distribution of CO, CO2, SO2, NO2, and total hydrocarbons gases (HCs) produced from different industrial plants in Basra city, Iraq. Measurements were carried out in the winter and summer... more
This study aimed to detect the present levels and distribution of CO, CO2, SO2, NO2, and total hydrocarbons gases (HCs) produced from different industrial plants in Basra city, Iraq. Measurements were carried out in the winter and summer of 2011. CO, SO2, NO2, and HC concentrations were measured using a Drager CMS portable detector, while CO2 concentrations were measured using a RI-411A portable detector. The average minimum concentrations of CO, CO2, SO2, NO2, and HCs were 2.0 mg/L, 250.0 mg/L, 4.0 mg/L, 0.4 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, and 0.3 mg/L, respectively. Their average maximum concentrations were 18.0 mg/L, 280 mg/L, 0.9 mg/L, 1.3 mg/L, and 1.3 mg/L, respectively. The results indicate that stations close to the electrical power plant and oil refinery have higher levels of pollutants when compared to the urban station. According to the standards guidelines reported by the World Health Organization's Environmental Protection Act, the detected concentrations of CO for short-term expos...
Research Interests: Bioinformatics, Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Science, Air Quality, Informatics, and 15 moreGenomics, Computational Biology, Biotechnology, Cancer, Biomarkers, Biology, Biomedical informatics, Environmental Chemistry, Bioscience, Clinical Medicine, Biological, Genetic modification, Evidence Based, Air Pollutants, and Gaseous Pollutants
The object of this study is the concentrations of heavy metals (cadmium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, and zinc) in sediment samples taken from the Tigris, Euphrates, and Shatt al-Arab rivers during the autumn 2021 to summer... more
The object of this study is the concentrations of heavy metals (cadmium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, and zinc) in sediment samples taken from the Tigris, Euphrates, and Shatt al-Arab rivers during the autumn 2021 to summer 2022. According to the analyses performed using the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, showed the seasonal average of heavy metal concentrations ranges between the lowest value (7.46 µg/g) for nickel in summer and the highest value (785.08 µg/g) for iron during winter in exchangeable phase. Measurements were made of variables that influenced how heavy metals were distributed in the sediments, as shown by (total organic carbon, and grain size analysis) which revealed a relationship between the concentrations of heavy metals in the sediments and these variables, suggesting that pollution from various human activities – the main cause of the high concentrations of some heavy elements in the study area's sediments above the global ...
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In the present study, an attempt was made to study the levels of petroleum hydrocarbon residues in Water and Sediment samples collected from ten stations at the region of Shatt Al-Arab Estuary and North-West of the Arabian Gulf. The water... more
In the present study, an attempt was made to study the levels of petroleum hydrocarbon residues in Water and Sediment samples collected from ten stations at the region of Shatt Al-Arab Estuary and North-West of the Arabian Gulf. The water and sediment samples were analyzed by utilizing the spectrofluorometry technique. The results of the present research obviously indicated a degree of oil pollution, however, still lower in magnitude when compared with status in some other regional sites. The obtained levels of petroleum hydrocarbons in water was ranged from (3.09 µg/l) at station 7 to (30.87 µg/l) at station 9 while in sediment ranged from (19.43 µg/g) dry weight at station 4 to (49.09 µg/g) dry weight at station 9. In order to give a better evaluation of the petroleum hydrocarbon levels in the sediments, the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) percentage and grain size analyses were done by granulometry technique on selected slips of the bulk sediments obtained for this purpose. The mean ...
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The present study were determined the concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbon using spectroflurometer for sediment cores to eight sites ,six of them along Shatt Al-Arab estuary (Qurna,Dear, Kerma ,Ashar, Abo Al-Kasseb and FAO) in... more
The present study were determined the concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbon using spectroflurometer for sediment cores to eight sites ,six of them along Shatt Al-Arab estuary (Qurna,Dear, Kerma ,Ashar, Abo Al-Kasseb and FAO) in additional to two stations at Khor Al-Zubair and Um Qaser.Total petroleum hydrocarbons ranged (2.03-0.94) at Qurna, (8.8 to 1.2) al Dear, (9.22-3.91 )at Kerma, (26.27-16.22) at Ashar, (18.54-3.7) at Abu Al-Kaseeb, (22.6-5.22) at Fao (6.75-0.96) at Um Qaser and (4.85-1.11) µg/g dry weight at Khor Al-Zubair The high average concentrations recorded in the Ashar (18.083) due to the presence of sources of oil pollution from the movement of boats and ships and the presence of oil refineries such as Al-Amuftih and Abadan which affected the areas, while the lower average were recorded in Qurna area (1.254) µg/g dry weight, because the sources of pollution where few or almost non-existent, where no industrial activities that cause pollution in the region in ad...
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This experimental study aims to determine the concentrations of air pollutants directly released from selected outdoor gaseous emission sources. This experiment carried out during 2013at Basra City, Southern Iraq. Air pollutant... more
This experimental study aims to determine the concentrations of air pollutants directly released from selected outdoor gaseous emission sources. This experiment carried out during 2013at Basra City, Southern Iraq. Air pollutant concentrations were measured by using the portable detection instrument Drager CMS. The measured air pollutants were CO, CO2, NO2, NOx, SO2, HCs, and H2S. The selected emission sources divided into a variety of stationary and mobile sources. The obtained results indicated that mean concentrations for CO, CO2, NO2, NOx, SO2, HCs, and H2S were ≥ 150, 2426, ≤ 0.5, 12.6, 0.7, 42.0, and ≤ 0.2 ppm, respectively. Most of these concentrations exceeded the maximum permissible limits for National Emission Standards in Iraq. As well, some of the recorded emission concentrations at this experimental study are higher than those that at other studies which dealt with ambient air pollution, because effect of diffusion and dispersion on the ambient air pollutants. The record...
... collected from different locations of Shatt Al-Arab river (along the region extended from Abu-Al-Khasib to Garmat-Ali) during 2004 ... Bedair and Al-Saad (1992) reported that the petroleum hydrocarbons in Shatt Al-Arab river were... more
... collected from different locations of Shatt Al-Arab river (along the region extended from Abu-Al-Khasib to Garmat-Ali) during 2004 ... Bedair and Al-Saad (1992) reported that the petroleum hydrocarbons in Shatt Al-Arab river were likely originated from boating activities, runoff from ...
Abstract. N-alkanes were measured both in dissolved and particulate-adsorbed phases of water samples collected from five stations located along Shatt al-Arab River in Iraq. The aim of this study was to provide a background information on... more
Abstract. N-alkanes were measured both in dissolved and particulate-adsorbed phases of water samples collected from five stations located along Shatt al-Arab River in Iraq. The aim of this study was to provide a background information on the presence, origin, and distribution of ...
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... Mahyoub A. (2) ; AL-SAAD Hamid T. (3) ; Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s). (1) Department of Nutrition, College of Pharmacy, University ofPetra, POBox 585, Amman 32117, JORDANIE (2) Department of Earth... more
... Mahyoub A. (2) ; AL-SAAD Hamid T. (3) ; Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s). (1) Department of Nutrition, College of Pharmacy, University ofPetra, POBox 585, Amman 32117, JORDANIE (2) Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Sana 'a University ...
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This study represent the concentrations of TPH in six commercial Luciobarbus xanthopterus , Ctenophyngodon idella , Cyprinus carpio , Tilapia zillii , Palaniza abu and Leuciscus vorax from Shatt Al-Arab river. The highest concentrations... more
This study represent the concentrations of TPH in six commercial Luciobarbus xanthopterus , Ctenophyngodon idella , Cyprinus carpio , Tilapia zillii , Palaniza abu and Leuciscus vorax from Shatt Al-Arab river. The highest concentrations of TPH were found in Leuciscus vorax in during Summer 21.52±3.41 μg/g (dry wt.) and the lowest in Tilapia zillii 2.47±0.33 μg/g (dry wt.), while highest concentrations during winter found in Cyprinus carpio 8.2±1.0 μg/g (dry wt.), which is more than other fishes and the low concentration 0.33 μg were found in Tilapia zillii with level of 2.47±/g (dry wt.). The concentration in fish samples ordering as the following: Luciscus vorax > Cyprinus carpio > Ctenophyngodon idella > Luciobarbus xanthopterus > Palaniza abu > Tilapia zillii . This is may be due to the variety of fish feeding habitat and the season of reproduction , also the hydrocarbons found in the fish species of Shatt Al-Arab river are due to food and water sources, type of habitat, environmental factors, and lipid content .
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One meter water column of the Shatt Al-Arab estuary and Northwest Arabian Gulf was sampled at seven stations during a 14 months period (June 1993 -July 1994). Dissolved fatty acids samples were analyzed to examine water quality. After... more
One meter water column of the Shatt Al-Arab estuary and Northwest Arabian Gulf was sampled at seven stations during a 14 months period (June 1993 -July 1994). Dissolved fatty acids samples were analyzed to examine water quality. After filtration, the fatty acids composition of the chloroform-soluble was analyzed in the dissolved fraction by gas chromatography. Stearic acid had the highest proportion of saturated acids in several samples of dissolved fatty acids followed by heptadecanoic acid and palmitic acid. Palmitoleic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid were the most abundant unsaturated acids. The other saturated and unsaturated acids had medium to low concentrations. There were significant differences in total fatty acids concentrations of the seven sites. Regional average total fatty acids ranged from 1.95 µg/l in Summer 1993 to 6.46 µg/l in Winter 1993, while seasonal average total fatty acids ranged from 1.78 µg/l at station 7 to 6.69 µg/l at station 2.
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The particulate fraction of the fatty acids was investigated in water samples collected from different stations along the Shatt Al-Arab River and North-West Arabian Gulf during the period June 1993 to July 1994. Samples were analyzed by... more
The particulate fraction of the fatty acids was investigated in water samples collected from different stations along the Shatt Al-Arab River and North-West Arabian Gulf during the period June 1993 to July 1994. Samples were analyzed by gas chromatography. Several qualitative and quantitative differences were observed. In general, palmitoleic acid (16:1), palmitic acid (16:0), heptadecanoic acid (17:0), stearic acid (18:0), oleic acid (18:1) and linoleic acid (18:2) were found to be the most abundant fatty acids in the region. Total particulate fatty acids showed large variations, from 1.45 µg/gm at station 7 (Arabian Gulf) during summer 1993 to 18.91 µg/gm at station 2 (Shatt Al-Arab River at Al-Fao town) during winter 1993. The main sources of odd and even number of fatty acids were phytoplankton and microbial activities, while aquatic plants were missing in most sites.
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The purpose of this study was to determined and assess the concentrations of some trace metals in surface sediment from different locations of Khor Al-Zubair sediment during 2006. Samples of sediment were collected from seven stations,... more
The purpose of this study was to determined and assess the concentrations of some trace metals in surface sediment from different locations of Khor Al-Zubair sediment during 2006. Samples of sediment were collected from seven stations, treated and analyzed for Cobalt, manganese, Nickel, Iron, Copper and Zinc by Atomic Absorption Spectrometric analysis. The Range and average concentrations measured in ug/g were 21.98-43.97 (30.14) for Co, 353.77-570.60 (507.01) for Mn, 34.56-69.13 (44.98) for Ni, 6676.023-7398.385 (7147.05) for Fe, 7.565-27.739 (14.04) for Cu and 27.41-58.48 (43.04)for Zn. Grain size analyses with total organic carbon have been also determined in those sediment. It is noted that the contamination factors in the investigated sediment were 1.69-3.38 for Co, 0.62-0.70 for Mn, 0.90-1.81 for Ni, 0.142-0.157 for Fe, 0.37-1.38 for Cu and less than one in Zn. In general, the contamination factors of trace metals in the present study could be arranged as following Co>Ni>...
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The bivalve C. fluminalis was exposed to a single doses of sublethal concentrations (20, 60, and 120 ppm) of Basrah regular crude oil-in water emulsions for a month period, under the laboratory conditions. The pattern of accumulation and... more
The bivalve C. fluminalis was exposed to a single doses of sublethal concentrations (20, 60, and 120 ppm) of Basrah regular crude oil-in water emulsions for a month period, under the laboratory conditions. The pattern of accumulation and release of petroleum hydrocarbons, the depuration time (biological half-life, TB 50), and the mechanisms of transport of petroleum hydrocarbons into the bivalve were determined. The bivalve accumulated the highest amount of petroleum hydrocarbons during the first week of exposure to crude oil emulsions. The accumulated petroleum hydrocarbons decreased each week as the petroleum hydrocarbons content of the exposure water decreased. The capillary gas chromatography analysis revealed that the dominant petroleum hydrocarbons accumulated by the bivalve after the four weeks of exposure to crude oil emulsions were naphthalene, phenanthrene, C12, C13, and C14. The depletion of petroleum hydrocarbons from the exposure water, and the accumulation and release ...
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In 22 August 2006 the tanker BFC2 carried 4750 tons of Basrah Crude oil was crash in khor Al-Zubair area, this lead to make a crack with a length of 1.5 meter in bump room of the tanker and oil spilled about (10-15 tones) from the cargo... more
In 22 August 2006 the tanker BFC2 carried 4750 tons of Basrah Crude oil was crash in khor Al-Zubair area, this lead to make a crack with a length of 1.5 meter in bump room of the tanker and oil spilled about (10-15 tones) from the cargo pump tanker immediately making a large spill in this important area, To study oil spill in this area water, sediment and were taken. Also Composite samples of fish species (beyah) Liza subviridis and (Sheka) Thryssa mystax and two species of shrimps Metapenaeus affinis and Exopalaemon styliferus with plant samples salicornia herbacea were collected at different locations during the study period, High concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons (478.2 µg/ l and 38.5 µg/g) were recorded in water and sediments. Also, highest level of total petroleum hydrocarbons were showed in fish (59.46 µg/g in Thryssa mystax), shrimps (121.9 µg/g in Metapenaeus affinis) and plants (360.7 µg/g in Salicornia herbacea). The present data were higher than the early dat...
TRIX index , for the first time was used to evaluate trophic status of the Shatt Al-Arab River ,which is the most important source of water at Basrah city. Water samples were collected monthly from December 2012 to November 2013 at five... more
TRIX index , for the first time was used to evaluate trophic status of the Shatt Al-Arab River ,which is the most important source of water at Basrah city. Water samples were collected monthly from December 2012 to November 2013 at five stations along the river . The TRIX index integrates dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus , oxygen saturation percentage and chlorophyll-a .The TRIX index is scaled from 0 to 10 , the values in this area ranged from 5.74 to 7.12 . The results demonstrate the status of Shatt ranged from moderate quality to poor and degraded quality , eutrophication level ranged from high to elevated (very high). Introduction Shatt Al-Arab is tidal river passed across the Basrah city ,south of Iraq ; their water used for several purposes like drinking ,agriculture, industry ,oil shipping ,and recreation's. Basrah province largely contribute to the economy of Iraq and the region. This river is influenced by freshwater discharge from Tigris and Euphrates river...
Water samples were collected monthly from five stations along the middle part of Shatt Al Arab river during the low tide period from December , 2012 to November , 2013 to determine the concentrations , distribution and sources of... more
Water samples were collected monthly from five stations along the middle part of Shatt Al Arab river during the low tide period from December , 2012 to November , 2013 to determine the concentrations , distribution and sources of hydrocarbons compounds in water samples. TPH is range from 5.18 µg/l to 37.59 µg/l. The carbon chain length of aliphatic (n-alkanes) in water were recorded from C7 to C31 dominated by C22-C25 , and the total n-alkanes was ranged from 8.81 µg/l to 35.58 µg/l. The range of PAHs compounds was (5.81 – 47.96) ng/l ,dominated by carbazol and anthracene (as light PAHs) and chrysene and floranthene (as heavy PAHs). The LMW/HMW , CPI and Pristine/Phytane ratios indicated that the source of n-alkanes hydrocarbons was mainly biogenic and pyrogenic and at least petrogenic .Whereas the LMW/HMW , Phenanthrene /Anthracene , and Flouranthene / Pyrene ratios indicated that the source of PAHs compounds was mainly pyrogenic and petrogenic .
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This study aimed to detect the present levels and distribution of CO, CO 2 , SO 2 , NO 2 , and total hydrocarbons gases (HCs) produced from different industrial plants in Basra city, Iraq. Measurements were carried out in the winter and... more
This study aimed to detect the present levels and distribution of CO, CO 2 , SO 2 , NO 2 , and total hydrocarbons gases (HCs) produced from different industrial plants in Basra city, Iraq. Measurements were carried out in the winter and summer of 2011. CO, SO 2 , NO 2 , and HC concentrations were measured using a Drager CMS portable detector, while CO 2 concentrations were measured using a RI-411A portable detector. The average minimum concentrations of CO, CO 2 , SO 2 , NO 2 , and HCs were 2.0 mg/L, 250.0 mg/L, 4.0 mg/L, 0.4 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, and 0.3 mg/L, respectively. Their average maximum concentrations were 18.0 mg/L, 280 mg/L, 0.9 mg/L, 1.3 mg/L, and 1.3 mg/L, respectively. The results indicate that stations close to the electrical power plant and oil refinery have higher levels of pollutants when compared to the urban station. According to the standards guidelines reported by the World Health Organization's Environmental Protection Act, the detected concentrations of CO for...
The Arabian Gulf has enormous number of offshore oil and gas platforms and many major oil terminals. It is also extremely busy shipping line for oil transports. Accidental spilling is unavoidable. About 25,000 tanker movements sail in and... more
The Arabian Gulf has enormous number of offshore oil and gas platforms and many major oil terminals. It is also extremely busy shipping line for oil transports. Accidental spilling is unavoidable. About 25,000 tanker movements sail in and out of the Strait of Hormuz annually and transport about 60% of all the oil carried by ships. In combination, these sources provide on a long-term a kind of input sources of petroleum. Activities associated with oil traffic include shores heavily contaminated with oil residues, tar balls and trace metals. About two million barrels of oil are spilled annually from the routine discharge of dirty ballast waters and tank washing, partly due to the lack of shore reception facilities. Some major spills, either unintentional or as consequence of military activities, have added occasional dramatic pulses of oil contamination to long-term background. The present review brings about valuable sources of information regarding oil pollution status in the Arabian Gulf and the adjacent areas of Shatt Al-Arab Estuary and Mesopotamian marshes.
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Hydrocarbons found in recent aquatic sediments reflect natural and anthro-pogenic inputs from the water column by transport and sedimentation, as well as the diagenetic processes taking place within the sediment [1]. n-Alkanes gen-erally... more
Hydrocarbons found in recent aquatic sediments reflect natural and anthro-pogenic inputs from the water column by transport and sedimentation, as well as the diagenetic processes taking place within the sediment [1]. n-Alkanes gen-erally constitute the major fraction of ...
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Distribution of petroleum residues in surficial sediments from Shatt al-Arab River and the north-west region of the Arabian Gulf. AAZ Douabul, HT Al-Saad, SA Darmoian Marine Pollution Bulletin 15:55, 198-200, 1984. About ...
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The distribution and seasonal variations of hydrocarbons in the Shatt Al-Arab River water column were determined. Total hydrocarbons concentrations were found to vary between 16.77 μg l-1 to 42.6 μg l-1. N-alkanes carbon chain length... more
The distribution and seasonal variations of hydrocarbons in the Shatt Al-Arab River water column were determined. Total hydrocarbons concentrations were found to vary between 16.77 μg l-1 to 42.6 μg l-1. N-alkanes carbon chain length ranged from C12 to C32 with total concentrations varied from 6.50 μg l-1 to 14.23 μg l-1. The bimodal distribution pattern of n-alkanes with two maxima around C19 to C32 suggested two different sources of hydrocarbons in Shatt Al-Arab River both biogenic and anthropogenic. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) appeared divisible into two groups, the low molecular weight (naphthalene, biphenyl, phenanthrene, acenaphthene, and anthracene) and the larger molecular weight (fluoranthene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo (a) pyrene and perylene) with total concentrations varied from 7.19 ng l-1 to 22.47 ng l-1. Their sources derived from different origins. The results indicated that there were distinct seasonal variations of hydrocarbons in Shatt Al-Arab River. The c...
Surface Sediments were collected from five stations along the Shatt Al-Arab river from December, 2012 to November, 2013 to determine the monthly variation of seven heavy metals (Cd , Cu , Fe , Mn , Ni , Pb and Zn) concentrations and... more
Surface Sediments were collected from five stations along the Shatt Al-Arab river from December, 2012 to November, 2013 to determine the monthly variation of seven heavy metals (Cd , Cu , Fe , Mn , Ni , Pb and Zn) concentrations and distribution between the exchangeable and residual phases .Results showed that the concentrations of the previous metals in the exchangeable phase of sediments were (7.96, 20.27, 4104.61, 663.18, 75.70, 74.97, 46.33) μg/g-dry weight, respectively, while in the residual phase were (5.12, 23.84, 16381.18, 328.91, 158.94, 30.00, 59.88) μg/g-dry weight, respectively .Enrichment Factors (EF) of the heavy metals in sediment was calculated which ranged from 0.74 to14.05. The low values of EF show that the enrichment of sediment by heavy metals was by natural process, while EF values greater than 1.5 suggest that the sources are more likely to be anthropogenic. Index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) were applied to assess the sediments contamination with heavy metal. A...
The objective of this study was to determine the levels of Noise pollutants, emitted from the industrial area of West Qurna-2 oil field, Southern Iraq. Fieldwork carried out during 2015-2016 at ten selected stations. The results of the... more
The objective of this study was to determine the levels of Noise pollutants, emitted from the industrial area of West Qurna-2 oil field, Southern Iraq. Fieldwork carried out during 2015-2016 at ten selected stations. The results of the regional Noise levels was shown that the highest mean at station 10 (79.150Db) while the lowest at station 1(44.725Db),while seasonal levels showed that higher mean concentrations was recorded during winter (68.31Db), and the lower mean concentrations recorded during summer (64.12Db). With respect to spatial variably of studied parameters, the parameters concentrations in studied stations gradually increased from station 1 to station 5, and then significantly decreased at station 6 and finally increased to station 10. The fluctuation in concentrations of stations is due to distance from the flame of the flare which near to the stations 8,9,10 and far to the stations 1,2,3,4,5,6,7, while the seasonal concentration arrange as following: winter >sprin...
In this study, concentrations of eight heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, Zn, Co, Cd and Fe) wereinvestigated during 2016 in ten stations at West Qurna-2 oil field in Basra city Southern of Iraq. Thesemetals were analyzed by using Atomic... more
In this study, concentrations of eight heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, Zn, Co, Cd and Fe) wereinvestigated during 2016 in ten stations at West Qurna-2 oil field in Basra city Southern of Iraq. Thesemetals were analyzed by using Atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean values of the metals in thesoil range for : pb (18.23 -39.15), Ni (28.34-46.35), Cu (10.12-18.22), Cr (50.64-59.23), Zn (25.23-40.48), Co (5.34-11.27), Cd (5.99-10.23) and Fe (1150.12-2185.83) ug/g dry weight. ContaminationFactor (CF), Enrichment factor (EF) and Geo accumulation index (I-geo) were computed and comparedin different stations of the soil oil field. Total concentration of metals in soil samples found to be in thisorder: Fe>Cr> Ni >Zn> Pb>Cu> Co>Cd. The main reason for different in concentration could be dueto the effects of contamination caused by various activities in the oil field and the urban .Total organiccarbons and grain size analysis were also determined, and there is a good corr...
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تناولت الدراسة قياس تراكيز الهيدروكاربونات الكلية في اربع محطات مختارة من شط العرب وهي المسحب والعشار وابو الخصيب والفاو حيث جمعت العينات بشكل شهري لمدة عام كامل ابتداء̋ من شهر كانون الثاني عام 2012 ولغاية كانون الاول من العام نفسه وكان... more
تناولت الدراسة قياس تراكيز الهيدروكاربونات الكلية في اربع محطات مختارة من شط العرب وهي المسحب والعشار وابو الخصيب والفاو حيث جمعت العينات بشكل شهري لمدة عام كامل ابتداء̋ من شهر كانون الثاني عام 2012 ولغاية كانون الاول من العام نفسه وكان اعلى تركيز مسجل 17.78 مايكروغرام/ لتر في محطة المسحب في شهر شباط وأوطأ تركيز0.22 في شهر نيسان في محطة العشار. وتم فصل المركبات الهيدروكاربونية الاروماتية وتشخيصها بتقنية جهاز كروماتوغرافيا الغاز (GC)وقد سجلت اعلى التراكيز للمركبات الاروماتية (31.91 , 21.49 , 29.52 , 31.11) نانوغرام / لتر في محطات المسحب والعشار وابو الخصيب والفاو على التوالي في شهر تشرين الثاني، واظهرت التغيرات الفصلية للمركبات الاروماتية ارتفاع تراكيزها في فصلي الخريف والشتاء في جميع المحطات وانخفاضها في فصلي الربيع والصيف ولكافة المحطات.
The regional and seasonal study of heavy metals were taken during February 2018 to November 2018, we determined the concentrations of seven heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Fe), by using Flame Atomic Absorption... more
The regional and seasonal study of heavy metals were taken during February 2018 to November 2018, we determined the concentrations of seven heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Fe), by using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS) for sediment at Ten stations along Al-Delmaj lake they are (St.1, St.2 before feeding, St.2 after feeding, St.3, St.4, St.5 before discharge, St.5 after discharge, St.6, St.7, St.8), the stations were selected to cover all the marsh area. The Total Organic Carbon (TOC%) were analyzed. The results obtained for the sediment samples were low except for Fe and Pb which were relatively high. They were followed in order as: (Fe PbZnNiCrCu Cd). Higher concentrations of some heavy metals in sediments indicated that the sediments acted as a sink and source for these metals. Also the lowest mean concentration in some stations because of the fewness sources of pollution in this region whereas the highest mean concentration in other station because ...
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The soil samples from 0–10 cm depth were collected from three areas (Center of Basrah – CB, Garmat Ali – GA, and Abu Al-Khasib – AK) located along the Shatt Al-Arab River (SR) delta in southern Iraq to estimate the distribution and... more
The soil samples from 0–10 cm depth were collected from three areas (Center of Basrah – CB, Garmat Ali – GA, and Abu Al-Khasib – AK) located along the Shatt Al-Arab River (SR) delta in southern Iraq to estimate the distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The PAH total concentrations in the soils decreased significantly from CB (72.16 ng/g dry weight (DW)), GA (36.48 ng/g DW), to AK (17.30 ng/g DW) gradually indicating the impact of pollution emissions on the distribution of PAHs in soils. The low (2 and 3 ring) and high (4, 5, and 6 ring) molecular weight PAHs accounted for 14%, 16%, 37%, 21%, and 12% respectively in CB soil, 24%, 31%, 29%, 7%, and 10% in GA soil and 40%, 29%, 17%, 8%, and 8% in AK soil. The high molecular weight PAHs predominated in CB soils and the low molecular weight PAHs dominated in GA and AK soils suggesting a difference in emission sources between the studied areas. The PAH diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis (PCA)...
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Al-Kahlaa River is one of main tributaries of the Tigris River in Missan city and rises from northwest side of Amara city and continues to flow in the direction to the east of city center. Two commercial fish species (Liza abu and... more
Al-Kahlaa River is one of main tributaries of the Tigris River in Missan city and rises from northwest side of Amara city and continues to flow in the direction to the east of city center. Two commercial fish species (Liza abu and Carassius auratus) were collected seasonally (autumn, winter, spring and summer) during period from 2012 to 2013 from Al-Kahlaa River in Missan governorate. The concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fish muscles were determined in the laboratories of Nihran Omer (South Oil Company in Basrah province), using Gas Chromatography. Total concentrations of PAHs in muscles of L. abu ranged between 2.301 and 16.661 ng.g-1 dry weight during winter and summer respectively and in C. auratus between 1.095 and 8.675 ng.g-1 dry weight during winter and summer, respectively. Results of this study revealed that high molecular weight of PAHs were more than low molecular weight in both fish species, and according to ratios of Low molecular weight Pol...