Introduction: Chlamydia trachomatis is a common and curable STI which can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Nowadays, PCR is a very sensitive diagnostic tool for detecting Chlamydia in urine and can be used in routine screening procedures... more
Introduction: Chlamydia trachomatis is a common and curable STI which can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Nowadays, PCR is a very sensitive diagnostic tool for detecting Chlamydia in urine and can be used in routine screening procedures as a noninvasive test. There are few studies on the prevalence of C. trachomatis in Iranian women and most of them have small sample sizes which are not suitable for epidemiological deductions. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of ...
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Results: The mean age for the first menses or menarche in the two studied periods of time (in the years 1990 and 1999) were 13.86±1.51 and 13.65±1.47 respectively, and in both periods the mean age at the first menses was significantly... more
Results: The mean age for the first menses or menarche in the two studied periods of time (in the years 1990 and 1999) were 13.86±1.51 and 13.65±1.47 respectively, and in both periods the mean age at the first menses was significantly (p< 0.001) less in urban areas compared to that of rural ones. With the passage of this 9-year period the mean age for the first menses has been reduced sig-nificantly (p< 0.001) in both urban and rural areas, that is from 13.76 to 13.61 in urban areas and from 14.03 to 13.72 in rural areas. The analysis of ...
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Research Interests: Dermatology, Adolescent, Medical Mycology, DISTRIBUTION, Iran, and 20 moreHumans, Child, Female, Animals, Male, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Cutaneous, Cluster Analysis, Young Adult, Infant, Catalase, Malassezia, Psoriasis, Clinical Sciences, Aged, Middle Aged, Genotype, Adult, Distribution, and Child preschool
AimTo determine the potential influence of genetic factors on the prevalence of myopia in Tehran.MethodsOf 6497 citizens of Tehran sampled from 160 clusters using stratified random cluster sampling, 4565 (70.3%) participated in the study... more
AimTo determine the potential influence of genetic factors on the prevalence of myopia in Tehran.MethodsOf 6497 citizens of Tehran sampled from 160 clusters using stratified random cluster sampling, 4565 (70.3%) participated in the study and were referred to a clinic for an extensive eye examination and interview. These were from 1259 nuclear families with the average size of 3.6. Refraction data obtained from 3321 participants aged 16 years and over are presented. Three definitions of myopia, as the spherical equivalent of −0.5, −1, and −2 diopters or less, were used. Familial aggregation of myopia was evaluated with odds ratios and recurrence risk ratios (λR) using a multiple logistic regression with generalised estimating equations (GEE), adjusted for age, sex, height, and education.ResultsMultivariate analyses showed a strong familial aggregation of myopia among siblings (λR ranging from 2.09 to 3.86) and parent–offspring pairs (λR from 1.82 to 3.81) adjusted for age, sex, height, and education. The aggregation increased with higher myopia thresholds and with the use of cycloplegic refraction. The odds ratios for spouse pairs were not significantly different from 1.0. The association of myopia with sex, height, and education (and not age) remained significant in the final GEE2 model.ConclusionsThe findings indicate a relatively high degree of familial aggregation of myopia in the Tehran population, independent of age, sex, height, and education. This residual aggregation may be a result of heredity or of an unmeasured common environmental effect.
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The identification of the vacA intermediate region has provided new insights into the role of vacA heterogeneity in relation to gastro-duodenal pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to assess vacA polymorphism in Iranian Helicobacter... more
The identification of the vacA intermediate region has provided new insights into the role of vacA heterogeneity in relation to gastro-duodenal pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to assess vacA polymorphism in Iranian Helicobacter pylori strains and its association with cagA as a major virulence determinant, gastric histopathology and disease. vacA polymorphism and serum antibody responses were studied in 207 H. pylori-infected (139 NUD, 34 PUD, and 34 GC) patients and correlated with gastric histopathology. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found intermediate region typing superior to signal or mid region typing for screening high risk patients. vacA i1 allele was identified as an independent predictor of dysplasia (OR = 9.044; 95% CI: 1.11-73.33). Possession of s1/i1/cagA(+) strains was also identified as a predictor of intestinal metaplasia (OR = 3; 95% CI: 1.13-7.95), dysplasia (OR = 9.9; 95% CI: 1.23-80.86) and risk of GC (OR = 6.9; 95% CI: 2.5-18.66) as well as induction of anti-VacA sero-positivity (OR = 5.04; 95% CI: 1.8-13.6). Anti-VacA serology correctly detected 83.8% of s1/i1/cagA(+) strains carried by high-risk patients. The current study emphasizes the implication of vacA polymorphic structure, especially the s1/i1/cagA(+) genotype, in increasing the risk of GC by revealing their association with gastric pre-neoplastic changes and their reflection in VacA sero-positivity which encourages the application of noninvasive procedures in population screening.
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Research Interests: Epidemiology, Nonlinear dynamics, Life Style, Public Health, Neural Network, and 20 moreIran, Humans, Models, Testosterone, Male, Risk factors, Generalized Additive Model, European, Association, Aged, Middle Aged, Risk Factor, Coronary Angiography, Adult, Public health systems and services research, General Linear Model, Dehydroepiandrosterone, Risk Factors, Coronary Artery Disease, and Statistical techniques
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Research Interests: Demography, Spatial Analysis, Life Style, Iran, Spatial autocorrelation, and 17 moreHumans, Female, Male, Statistical Significance, Incidence, Risk factors, Registries, Spatial Pattern, Cancer Incidence, Gastrointestinal Tract, Spatial Clustering, Risk Factors, Liver cancer, Cancer Registry, Stomach Cancer, Cohort Studies, and Poisson Model
Research Interests: Adolescent, Comorbidity, Iran, India, Humans, and 18 moreChild, Diabetes mellitus, Hyperhidrosis, Female, Male, Young Adult, Catalase, Malassezia, Skin, Clinical Sciences, Prevalence, Middle Aged, Adult, Species Specificity, Reference Values, Hypersensitivity, Stratum Corneum, and Case Control Studies
Objective(s)Rapid tests for detection of Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococci (GBS) at the onset of labor are needed to permit early intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis. This study aimed to evaluate the PCR assays targeting the... more
Objective(s)Rapid tests for detection of Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococci (GBS) at the onset of labor are needed to permit early intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis. This study aimed to evaluate the PCR assays targeting the 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S ...
The transmission of malaria by blood transfusion was one of the first transfusion-transmitted infections recorded in the world. Transfusion-transmitted malaria may lead to serious problems because infection with Plasmodium falciparum may... more
The transmission of malaria by blood transfusion was one of the first transfusion-transmitted infections recorded in the world. Transfusion-transmitted malaria may lead to serious problems because infection with Plasmodium falciparum may cause rapidly fatal death. This study aimed to compare real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) with rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and light microscopy for the detection of Plasmodium spp. in blood transfusion, both in endemic and non-endemic areas of malaria disease in Iran. Two sets of 50 blood samples were randomly collected. One set was taken from blood samples donated in blood bank of Bandar Abbas, a city located in a malarious-endemic area, and the other set from Tehran, a non-endemic one. Light microscopic examination on both thin and thick smears, RDTs, and real-time PCR were performed on the blood samples and the results were compared. Thin and thick light microscopic examinations of all samples as well as RDT results were negative for Plasmodium spp. Two blood samples from endemic area were positive only with real-time PCR. It seems that real-time PCR as a highly sensitive method can be helpful for the confirmation of malaria infection in different units of blood transfusion organization especially in malaria-endemic areas where the majority of donors may be potentially infected with malaria parasites.
Research Interests: Microbiology, Parasitology, Microscopy, Medical Microbiology, Malaria, and 16 moreComparative Study, Plasmodium, real time PCR, Humans, Female, Blood sampling, Male, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Aged, Middle Aged, Adult, Plasmodium falciparum, Blood Transfusion, Veterinary Sciences, Diagnostic Test, and Light microscopy
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In recent years, the patterns of mortality have changed in Iran, and cancers are playing a greater role in this regard in this country. Various reports indicate that gastric cancer is highly prevalent; it is the second most common cancer... more
In recent years, the patterns of mortality have changed in Iran, and cancers are playing a greater role in this regard in this country. Various reports indicate that gastric cancer is highly prevalent; it is the second most common cancer in men, and fourth in the general population. The purpose of this study was to determine the 5-year survival rate of gastric cancer patients who had undergone surgical treatment at one of the most important cancer treatment centers, the Iran Cancer Institute, and to assess its associated factors. Three hundred and thirty patients with gastric cancer who had been admitted to and operated on at the Iran Cancer Institute, Iran between January 1996 and April 2000 were enrolled in this study. The patients' life expectancy after surgery was determined, and its relationship with variables of age at the time of surgery, gender, and factors related to the disease such as the cancer site, pathologic type, stage, presence of metastasis, and sites of metastases were assessed. The 5-year survival rate in the studied patients was 23.6%, and the median life expectancy was 19.9 months. Univariate analysis showed that gender, cancer site, and pathologic type did not affect life expectancy significantly. However, the 5-year survival rate significantly decreases with age. As expected, those involved with metastasis had a significantly lower 5-year survival rate, and the disease stage significantly affected the patients' life expectancy (p<0.001). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the effect of different variables simultaneously, and it showed that age, lymph node metastasis, and disease stage influenced the rate of survival. Gastric cancer patients in Iran have a low 5-year survival rate. One of the most important reasons seems to be delayed consultation and diagnosis. Most patients are seen first with the disease in the late stages. At this point, most have lymph node and liver metastasis, which makes treatment even more complex. Thus, it is necessary to employ mass media for extensive public education about the early warning signs of the disease and performing periodic examinations.
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Research Interests: Iran, Birth Weight, Humans, Hospitalization, Female, and 17 moreMale, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Malassezia, Skin, Pediatric, Risk factors, Length of Stay, Skin Diseases, Newborn Infant, Aged, Prevalence, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Pediatric dermatology, Cross-infection, Logistic Models, and Postoperative Complications
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Research Interests: Prejudice, Quality of life, Quality of Mental Health Care, Adolescent, Iran, and 17 moreQuality of Care, Humans, Child, Female, Stereotyping, Male, Service Delivery, Young Adult, Patient Satisfaction, Clinical Sciences, Middle Aged, Questionnaires, Burns, Adult, Service Provider, Cross Sectional Studies, and Child preschool
Materials and Methods: Urine samples were obtained from 220 men attending Avicenna Infertility Clinic in Tehran, Iran, before and after semen sampling and two urinalyses were done for each patient. Eventually, the findings were... more
Materials and Methods: Urine samples were obtained from 220 men attending Avicenna Infertility Clinic in Tehran, Iran, before and after semen sampling and two urinalyses were done for each patient. Eventually, the findings were statistically compared and analyzed. Results: Biochemical and physical characteristics of urine samples, including color, blood, ascorbic acid, urobilinogen, bilirubin, nitrite, ketone, glucose and specific gravity did not undergo significant changes after semen sampling, while turbidity and protein were ...