- Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Peter B Keenan
University College Dublin, MIS, Faculty Member
Research Interests:
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Research Interests: Computer Science, Information Technology, Spatial Analysis, Decision support system, Spatial Decision Support Systems, and 8 moreDecision Support, Spatial Data, Graphic Information System, Exploit, Decision Maker, Spatial Decision Support System, Geographic Information System, and Geographic Information Systems
A geographic information system (GIS) is a system designed to capture, store, organize, and present spatial data, which is referenced to locations on the Earth. Locational information is of value for a wide range of human activities for... more
A geographic information system (GIS) is a system designed to capture, store, organize, and present spatial data, which is referenced to locations on the Earth. Locational information is of value for a wide range of human activities for decision-making relating to these activities. As spatial data is relatively complex, GIS represents a challenging computer application that has developed later than some other forms of computer systems. GIS uses spatial data for a region of the Earth; such regional data are of interest to a wide range of users whose activities take place in that region, and so many users in otherwise disconnected domains share spatial data. The availability and cost of spatial data are important drivers of GIS use, and the sourcing and integration of spatial data are continuing research concerns. GIS use now spans a wide range of disciplines, and the diversity created is one of the obstacles to a well-integrated research field. Location analysis is the use of GIS for general-purpose analysis to determine the preferred geographic placement of human activities. Location analytics uses spatial data and quantitative spatial models to support decision-making, including location analysis. The growth of location analytics reflects the increasing amounts of data now available owing to new data collection technologies such as drones and because of the massive amounts of data collected by the use of mobile devices like smartphones. Location analytics allow many valuable new services that play an important role in new developments such as smart cities. Location analytics techniques potentially allow the tracking of individuals, and this raises many ethical questions, however useful the service provided; therefore, issues related to privacy are of increasing concern to researchers.
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33 Using a GIS as a DSS Generator Peter Keenan Department of MIS University College Dublin, Ireland. ... Geographical data may be represented as points, lines or polygons. Attribute data can be handled easily using a conventional database... more
33 Using a GIS as a DSS Generator Peter Keenan Department of MIS University College Dublin, Ireland. ... Geographical data may be represented as points, lines or polygons. Attribute data can be handled easily using a conventional database management system (DBMS). ...
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πGrammatical Evolution is presented and its performance on four benchmark problems is reported. πGrammatical Evolution is a position-independent variation on Grammatical Evolution’s genotype-phenotype mapping process where the order of... more
πGrammatical Evolution is presented and its performance on four benchmark problems is reported. πGrammatical Evolution is a position-independent variation on Grammatical Evolution’s genotype-phenotype mapping process where the order of derivation sequence steps are no longer applied to nonterminals in a predefined fashion from left to right on the developing program. Instead the genome is used to specify which nonterminal will
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A geographic information system (GIS) is a system designed to capture, store, organize, and present spatial data, which is referenced to locations on the Earth. Locational information is of value for a wide range of human activities for... more
A geographic information system (GIS) is a system designed to capture, store, organize, and present spatial data, which is referenced to locations on the Earth. Locational information is of value for a wide range of human activities for decision-making relating to these activities. As spatial data is relatively complex, GIS represents a challenging computer application that has developed later than some other forms of computer systems. GIS uses spatial data for a region of the Earth; such regional data are of interest to a wide range of users whose activities take place in that region, and so many users in otherwise disconnected domains share spatial data. The availability and cost of spatial data are important drivers of GIS use, and the sourcing and integration of spatial data are continuing research concerns. GIS use now spans a wide range of disciplines, and the diversity created is one of the obstacles to a well-integrated research field. Location analysis is the use of GIS for...
Research Interests:
Postcodes are some of the best established pieces of national spatial data infrastructures. Originally they were designed to facilitate postal delivery, but through the decades more and more organizational functions have been integrating... more
Postcodes are some of the best established pieces of national spatial data infrastructures. Originally they were designed to facilitate postal delivery, but through the decades more and more organizational functions have been integrating postcodes as unique spatial identifiers. State organizations may use postcodes to classify areas under their jurisdictions for monitoring and service delivery purposes. Private organizations may rely on postcodes to integrate spatial analyses into their business functions. For several reasons, the Republic of Ireland does not have a full-fledged postcode and it is now in the process of implementing what is allegedly the most advanced postcode of the world. The postcode has an unheard of level of granularity: each letterbox will have its own unique identifier. The object of this study is the long process that is leading to this outcome, and it identifies the main stakeholders involved and their different interests in the process.
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In the context of simulation-based optimisation, this paper reviews recent work related to the role of metaheuristics, matheuristics (combinations of exact optimisation methods with metaheuristics), simheuristics (hybridisation of... more
In the context of simulation-based optimisation, this paper reviews recent work related to the role of metaheuristics, matheuristics (combinations of exact optimisation methods with metaheuristics), simheuristics (hybridisation of simulation with metaheuristics), biased-randomised heuristics for ‘agile’ optimisation via parallel computing, and learnheuristics (combination of statistical/machine learning with metaheuristics) to deal with NP-hard and large-scale optimisation problems in areas such as transport and logistics, manufacturing and production, smart cities, telecommunication networks, finance and insurance, sustainable energy consumption, health care, military and defence, e-marketing, or bioinformatics. The manuscript provides the main related concepts and updated references that illustrate the applications of these hybrid optimisation–simulation–learning approaches in solving rich and real-life challenges under dynamic and uncertainty scenarios. A numerical analysis is also included to illustrate the benefits that these approaches can offer across different application fields. Finally, this work concludes by highlighting open research lines on the combination of these methodologies to extend the concept of simulation-based optimisation.
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Spatial applications require data on the general geography of regions; such data is generally collected outside the organizations using it. An electronic market offers a useful model for the supply and sale of spatial data. This paper... more
Spatial applications require data on the general geography of regions; such data is generally collected outside the organizations using it. An electronic market offers a useful model for the supply and sale of spatial data. This paper discusses how such a market might operate for spatial data and compares it to existing markets for software and music. This comparison suggests that spatial data is in some respects more suitable for an electronic market than other products.
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Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are now a widespread and important form of Information Technology (IT) use. In principle, Information Systems (IS) research is concerned with all forms of IT use. Yet despite this importance, GIS... more
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are now a widespread and important form of Information Technology (IT) use. In principle, Information Systems (IS) research is concerned with all forms of IT use. Yet despite this importance, GIS remains largely invisible in IS research. This paper illustrates this separation using bibliographic data drawn from both GIS and IS. It reviews discussion within IS as to the nature of the discipline and argues for a closer coupling between IS and GIS. It discusses Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI), mobile computing and public participation GIS as examples of spatially related fields where further IS research would be beneficial.
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This article discusses the use of a Geographic Information System (GIS) as a Decision Support System (DSS) generator to create Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSS). Many important areas of DSS application, such as routing and... more
This article discusses the use of a Geographic Information System (GIS) as a Decision Support System (DSS) generator to create Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSS). Many important areas of DSS application, such as routing and marketing, make use of spatial information. Development of Spatial DSS will allow effective support to be provided for decisions which make use of spatial data .
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Climate change is a growing concern in the Forestry Industry. Trees are adapted to growing in certain conditions and changes in these conditions can lead to changes in productivity. Coillte, Ireland’s national forestry company, have data... more
Climate change is a growing concern in the Forestry Industry. Trees are adapted to growing in certain conditions and changes in these conditions can lead to changes in productivity. Coillte, Ireland’s national forestry company, have data that shows the productivity at different locations of various tree species under different climatic scenarios. In this study, we attempt to incorporate this spatial data into Coillte’s strategic planning system. Our approach integrates GIS data with recursive linear programming (LP) and involves creating decision variables that reflected the composition of a forest. This approach allows us to reflect the changing growth rates of tree species in the LP model, where the model aims to maximise the Net Present Value (NPV) of the forest over a planning horizon. The goal of the study is to compare varying values of NPV under different climate change scenarios.
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Postcodes are some of the best established pieces of national spatial data infrastructures. Originally they were designed to facilitate postal delivery, but through the decades more and more organizational functions have been integrating... more
Postcodes are some of the best established pieces of national spatial data infrastructures. Originally they were designed to facilitate postal delivery, but through the decades more and more organizational functions have been integrating postcodes as unique spatial identifiers. State organizations may use postcodes to classify areas under their jurisdictions for monitoring and service delivery purposes. Private organizations may rely on postcodes to integrate spatial analyses into their business functions. For several reasons, the Republic of Ireland does not have a full-fledged postcode and it is now in the process of implementing what is allegedly the most advanced postcode of the world. The postcode has an unheard of level of granularity: each letterbox will have its own unique identifier. The object of this study is the long process that is leading to this outcome, and it identifies the main stakeholders involved and their different interests in the process.
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This chapter provides an introduction to exact methods and their application to solving vehicle routing problems in sustainable transportation. We provide an overview of existing methods and focus on providing an intuition as to how these... more
This chapter provides an introduction to exact methods and their application to solving vehicle routing problems in sustainable transportation. We provide an overview of existing methods and focus on providing an intuition as to how these approaches work, rather than providing rigorous mathematical proofs. We demonstrate the use of the vehicle flow formulation on a sample of benchmark instances, and on some new problem instances that incorporate geospatial information to aid vehicle routing decision making in sustainable transportation. We outline the use of emissions models to estimate the CO2 emissions on solution routes.
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ABSTRACT Searching for a property is inherently a multicriteria spatial decision. The decision is primarily based on three high-level criteria composed of household needs, building facilities, and location characteristics. Location choice... more
ABSTRACT Searching for a property is inherently a multicriteria spatial decision. The decision is primarily based on three high-level criteria composed of household needs, building facilities, and location characteristics. Location choice is driven by diverse characteristics; including but not limited to environmental factors, access, services, and the socioeconomic status of a neighbourhood. This article aims to identify the gap between theory and practice in presenting information on location choice by using a gap analysis methodology through the development of a seven-factor classification tool and an assessment of international property websites. Despite the availability of digital earth data, the results suggest that real-estate websites are poor at providing sufficient location information to support efficient spatial decision making. Based on a case study in Dublin, Ireland, we find that although neighbourhood digital earth data may be readily available to support decision making, the gap persists. We hypothesise that the reason is two-fold. Firstly, there is a technical challenge to transform location data into usable information. Secondly, the market may not wish to provide location information which can be perceived as negative. We conclude this article with a discussion of critical issues necessary for designing a spatial decision support system for real-estate decision making.
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This article uses bibliographic analysis techniques to examine the papers in the Web of Science database that have citation links to key operations research/management science (OR/MS) journals. The research identified the journals and... more
This article uses bibliographic analysis techniques to examine the papers in the Web of Science database that have citation links to key operations research/management science (OR/MS) journals. The research identified the journals and papers in the environmental domains which cite these OR/MS journals and identify the key journals, papers, and themes. This research shows that environmental disciplines are becoming more important relative to the business and engineering domains that predominated in the previous years. However, much of the citation of OR/MS journals is for techniques like data envelopment analysis (DEA) which are used to conduct research rather than directly model environmental problems. Of the modelling techniques used to address problems in the environmental domains, MCDM methods are the most often cited, reflecting the importance of MCDM with the decision support systems (DSS) field. There are also significant numbers of applications relating to logistics and energ...
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Abstract This paper uses a bibliometric approach to examine the growth of and changes in the Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSS) field over the past three decades. Bibliographic databases such as Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus... more
Abstract This paper uses a bibliometric approach to examine the growth of and changes in the Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSS) field over the past three decades. Bibliographic databases such as Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus provide valuable information on academic disciplines as they contain both the articles published and the articles cited. The articles published, and the disciplinary categorization of where they are published, are indicative of the changing disciplinary balance in SDSS, while the citation links of these papers illustrate the intellectual structure of the field. The analysis shows that despite conceptual links rooted in DSS, the field of SDSS developed largely independently from DSS, with little interaction between both. This is surprising, given the growing importance of spatial applications in DSS and an overlapping interest in business analytics and big data space-time analytics. The paper argues for greater interest in SDSS developments in the DSS field, including emergency response SDSS and public participation SDSS, as two forms of SDSS which extend DSS.
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While academic researchers in the field of decision support systems (DSS) tend to emphasise the technology independent nature of the decision support concept, they also need to assess the role of new technology; cloud computing is one... more
While academic researchers in the field of decision support systems (DSS) tend to emphasise the technology independent nature of the decision support concept, they also need to assess the role of new technology; cloud computing is one such new technology. This paper suggests that the specific nature of DSS means that cloud computing is of limited relevance in most sectors of DSS application. However, spatial DSS is a distinct area of DSS application where large volumes of generic data are needed from outside the organisation making the decision. Consequently, a number of issues arise in the provision of data for SDSS which are not typical of the DSS field. Spatial data infrastructure (SDI) projects provide large collections of spatial data and can make use of technologies such as cloud computing. This paper argues that cloud computing can contribute to spatial DSS applications which use these large data resources. Spatial DSS remains a form of DSS which continues to push the limits of technology and developments in this sector can inform our understanding of the progression of the DSS field.
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Within Management Science there is increasing recognition of the need to incorporate models in decision support systems. This trend has led to greater interest in the integration of Management Science techniques and Geographic Information... more
Within Management Science there is increasing recognition of the need to incorporate models in decision support systems. This trend has led to greater interest in the integration of Management Science techniques and Geographic Information Systems(GIS).. This paper discusses the issues that arise in the building of spatial decision support systems using models and GIS technology. Current trends are identified and it is suggested that these facilitate the integration of OR/MS models in such systems. number of difficulties exist in the practical application of mathematical modelling techniques. These include problems of data assembly and data storage. The output produced from mathematical techniques frequently differs radically from traditional information representations. In addition, real world problems frequently have a richer set of objectives and constraints than are typically found in mathematical formulations. Therefore, OR/MS has not always been used in situations where it migh...
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Abstract: Decision Support Systems (DDS) have developed to exploit Information Technology (IT) to assist decision-makers in a wide variety of fields. The need to use spatial data in many of these diverse fields has led to increasing... more
Abstract: Decision Support Systems (DDS) have developed to exploit Information Technology (IT) to assist decision-makers in a wide variety of fields. The need to use spatial data in many of these diverse fields has led to increasing interest in the development of Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSS) based around the Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. The paper examines the relationship between SDSS and GIS and suggests that SDSS is poised for further development owing to improvement in technology and the greater availability of spatial data.
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This paper discusses a web based automated system for carpooling. The design issues for such a system are discussed and a prototype system that integrates a heuristic model and a GIS is described.
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33 Using a GIS as a DSS Generator Peter Keenan Department of MIS University College Dublin, Ireland. ... Geographical data may be represented as points, lines or polygons. Attribute data can be handled easily using a conventional database... more
33 Using a GIS as a DSS Generator Peter Keenan Department of MIS University College Dublin, Ireland. ... Geographical data may be represented as points, lines or polygons. Attribute data can be handled easily using a conventional database management system (DBMS). ...
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... Figure 2-1 : Use of barriers to prevent routes crossing geographic features 24 Figure 2-2: Graphic display of ROVER software 29 Figure 2-3 : GeoRoute interface ... 1997) 132 Figure 6-2 : Network enhancement by addition of penalties at... more
... Figure 2-1 : Use of barriers to prevent routes crossing geographic features 24 Figure 2-2: Graphic display of ROVER software 29 Figure 2-3 : GeoRoute interface ... 1997) 132 Figure 6-2 : Network enhancement by addition of penalties at junctions (Roy and Rousseau, 1989) 133 ...
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... martin.butler@ucd.ie. Geraldine O'Neill. Centre for Teaching. and Learning. University College Dublin. geraldine.m.oneill@ucd.ie. Lorraine Fisher. ... A buddy system (SC/FM) is in place in this program, to help new students... more
... martin.butler@ucd.ie. Geraldine O'Neill. Centre for Teaching. and Learning. University College Dublin. geraldine.m.oneill@ucd.ie. Lorraine Fisher. ... A buddy system (SC/FM) is in place in this program, to help new students familiarise themselves with the QSB. ...