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2011, International Journal of Agricultural Technology
Simple, easy to maintain and shop floor size pedal-powered soap mixer, mold, cutting and stamping machines were developed, fabricated and tested for local soap production. Soap production can be enhanced by making use of this pedal-powered soap mixer, which with little human effort makes the soap to properly mix and trace within few minutes. The mold made from high strength wood is simple, cheap and can withstand the temperature of the hot soap solution without any adverse effect on the final product. The soap cutting and stamping machine makes cutting and stamping easy, faster and neater than using ordinary knife and manual stamping machine. The soap produced was fairly hard, form good lather and fair to the skin when used for washing. The soap making machine assembly is cost effective and can be a model for a one-shop soap factory for low income earners in developing countries.
2019 •
One of DKI Jakarta's government programs is the development of a Child Friendly Integrated Public Space (RPTRA), where every urban village in DKI Jakarta will be built RPTRA. One of the urban villages in DKI Jakarta that the RPTRA is building and the leading program of the PKK activator is already running is the Meruya Selatan village. The PKK group in South Meruya Village is one of the groups of women who have played a role in improving the family's economy. Several home industry businesses have been carried out by the PKK Group in South Meruya Village, namely the food and handicraft industry. Besides food and crafts, PKK Mart RPTRA Meruya Selatan also needs to develop new superior products that have prospective market prospects. Among the products that have interesting prospects to be developed are organic homemade soap. For this reason, training was made in making organic homemade soap to increase insight and knowledge in the diversification of business products to the co...
African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry
A report on soap making in Nigeria using indigenous technology and raw materials2013 •
Soap, a by-product of saponification, is a cleaning agent composed of various surfactants-a substance that reduces water's surface tension. It was the first substitute for water as washing agents and treatment for skin diseases, becoming the oldest and most natural surfactant, and was first made from animal fats and wood ashes. Saponification is the formation salts used in making soap which is product of the reaction between triglycerides and hydroxides. This experiment aimed to produce soap in a laboratory. Hot process and cold process are the two methods used in the production of soap. The experiment started with gathering and preparing the reagents, apparatus, and equipment to be used. In cold process, a 37% NaOH solution was mixed with 100 g of coconut oil to create the soap while in hot process, the oil was heated at 70°C before the NaOH solution was poured into the beaker. Both the soap mixture from the cold and hot process were poured in a molder and were left for days until the soaps harden. The orange and white soap were made through cold process while the purple and soap were through hot process. Saponification occurred in the experiment because NaOH breaking down the oil into water-miscible compounds was observed in both processes. The objectives of the experiment, namely, understanding the soap making process and identifying the roles of the raw materials, were met. Coconut oil and NaOH were reagents required for the formation of salt used in soap. This salt emulsifies with water, when stirred continuously until it transforms into a viscous substance which hardens after a few days. Water acts as the solvent in the emulsification while the soap salt acts as the emulsifying agent. Furthermore, NaOH displays antibacterial properties which is very important in soaps.
Soaps and detergents are widely used in our society. Soaps are the product of the reaction between a fat and sodium hydroxide: fat + 3NaOH → glycerine + 3 soap Soap is produced industrially in four basic steps. This article lists different steps because in the industrial processes described each of these is done over several process steps, but in principle it could be done in the three steps outlined here. Step 1-Saponification A mixture of tallow (animal fat) and coconut oil is mixed with sodium hydroxide and heated. The soap produced is the salt of a long chain carboxylic acid.
AURELIA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia
Training on Making Liquid Laundry Soap as an Effort to Realize a Home Industry MSME Unit for Women Residents of Talang Sungai Limau Village, Rakit Kulim District, Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau ProvinceThis article was created as one of the outcomes of Community Service activities in STIE Riau's assisted villages as partners, namely Talang Sungai Limau Village, Rakit Kulim District, Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau Province. Held on September 24-25 after a series of preparatory activities. This activity aims to increase the skills and interest of PKK women in partner villages to make household production as well as efforts to foster interest in MSMEs for residents as an effort to improve the family economy. Activities carried out in lectures, discussions and practice of making liquid laundry soap to packaging and explaining simple marketing methods. On the first day, an introduction to materials and methods of making as well as the practice of making liquid laundry soap is given. After settling for 24 hours, packaging and an explanation of sales are carried out as well as an estimate of the capital and profits obtained from one package of liquid laundry soap which produces 100 bot...
2018 •
This paper presents the comprehensive soap making device that can make soap from used cooking oil. The cooking oil can be converted to soap by using the mixture of used cooking oil, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) pellets, water and scented oil. The experiment was conducted to prove it. By having this right device, it will help users to carry out this converting used cooking oil to become a soap process more easily. They do not need to do this process manually. It can be used at a kitchen in every house. This device designed to raise the awareness the importance of recycling the cooking oil. Surveys has conducted with 50 public respondent, especially house wife. From the survey, it can be concluded that there are many people who dispose the used cooking oil to the place where should not be. The main objective of this paper is to discuss how to design a device to make soap from used cooking oil, to develop a functional prototype of soap making device from used cooking oil for home appliances...
Engagement: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Assistance of Natural Handmade Soap Production to Darul Ibadah Community Bangkok for saving Environment and Financial IssueConsumption of skincare products is potential causing environmental and personal financial problems. Most of the skincare products are packaged in plastic materials and contain hazardous chemicals. Besides, the price of high-quality skincare is generally expensive, and some people may not be able to afford it. The world community must be aware that their self-care should not impact big problems. This program aims to assist the community in producing natural handmade soap as one of a skincare series in various regions, and for this time, the main partner of this program is the Darul Ibadah community in Phutthabucha , Thung Khru District, Bangkok. This activity was carried out as part of a collaborative agreement between the Faculty of Economics, Sultan Agung Islamic University and Kasetsart University. This assistance is expected to be an effort to save the community by creating their own qualified products, reducing waste and water pollution from chemical-based soaps
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT)
IJERT-Design and Construction of Manually Operated Soap Cutting and Scraping Machine for Small Scale Industries2015 •
https://www.ijert.org/design-and-construction-of-manually-operated-soap-cutting-and-scraping-machine-for-small-scale-industries https://www.ijert.org/research/design-and-construction-of-manually-operated-soap-cutting-and-scraping-machine-for-small-scale-industries-IJERTV4IS060378.pdf The design and construction of manually operated soap cutting and scraping machine for small scale industries is an attempt to solve the problems encountered by the previous machine such as power failure, inefficient and skilled personnel for their operation and no room for producing different sizes of soaps on a machine etc. This machine was constructed using affordable materials and is manually operated, and also it permits the production of different sizes of soap by merely adjusting the cutters, lastly it requires no or little special skill for its operation. Results obtained show that the machine has efficiency of 85%. From the performance test, the soap cutting and scraping machine was able to cut ten (8) bars of soap in one revolution of the handle in three (3) seconds, therefore, for the machine to cut and scrape twenty five (25) bars of soap and above It will depends on the mould size and the number of cutter blades used, which will also take the same number of revolution of the handle.
ANÁLISIS TÉCNICO: SISTEMAS AUTOMÁTICOS DE TRADING
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XI. INTERNATIONAL EURASIAN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH CONGRESS
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