3D survey
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Recent papers in 3D survey
The research shows the results of the survey operations and studies made on the St. Giovanni Tower in Campo nell'Elba. The study consist of a 3D Laser Scanner survey campaign, a direct observation of the study object and a photographic... more
The research shows the results of the survey operations and studies made on the St. Giovanni Tower in Campo nell'Elba. The study consist of a 3D Laser Scanner survey campaign, a direct observation of the study object and a photographic survey. The Tower of St. Giovanni was erected during the XI century by the Republic of Pisa, and still today the shape of the tower reveals itself as an observation point strategically attached to the visual network of the island. In the 90s the tower has been restored to preserve its symbolic character. The results of the survey campaign here presented will provide future researchers with updated data about the architectural degenerative evolution; a virtual model allows pecurial observations, comparisons and measurements of dimensional relationships on the territory. The research will finds a conclusion with the comparison between the tangible ruin and the ideal model of St. Giovanni Tower.
Il lavoro che si presenta riguarda una delle più importanti tra le ammirevoli opere dell’architetto Adolfo Coppedè esponente dell’eclettismo italiano. L’edificio in questione è la Cappella Tonietti a Cavo - Isola d’Elba. Si tratta di un... more
Il lavoro che si presenta riguarda una delle più importanti tra le ammirevoli opere dell’architetto Adolfo Coppedè esponente
dell’eclettismo italiano.
L’edificio in questione è la Cappella Tonietti a Cavo - Isola d’Elba. Si tratta di un monumento funebre dalle caratteristiche tipiche di un mausoleo gentilizio, tuttavia si contraddistingue
per dimensioni notevoli, soprattutto
in alzato, posizione naturalistica
privilegiata e un notevole simbolismo nei
particolari decorativi.
La cappella era stata commissionata
da Ugo Ubaldo Tonietti in onore del padre
Giuseppe; la posizione, la forma e l’apparato
decorativo erano dovuti a una precisa volontà
di ricordare il passato del padre come
armatore di successo; il luogo scelto era
quello in cui egli si recava a scrutare l’orizzonte
sullo stretto di Piombino. Le decorazioni
e i simbolismi della cappella molto dicono
dell’importanza della famiglia Tonietti
all’Elba: il padre di Ugo Ubaldo, Giuseppe
era stato primo affittuario delle miniere di
Rio Marina e consigliere comunale. Egli era
molto benvoluto da tutta la popolazione per
le sue notevoli azioni a tutela dei lavoratori
e del suo impegno per l’esportazione anche
all’estero delle materie prime elbane.
Il monumento funebre fu eretto all’inizio del
‘900 (benché la data non sia tuttora nota con
precisione), tuttavia non ottenne mai la concessione
per la sepoltura e fu abbandonato.
Oggi esso è in completa rovina per cause naturali,
dissesti del terreno, ma anche a causa
di atti vandalici.
Con questo lavoro di tesi si è cercato
di colmare uno dei molti vuoti degli studi sul
liberty e l’eclettismo italiano, cercando di
fornire innanzitutto un quadro bibliografico
e archivistico del materiale sulla cappella,
che risulta altamente frammentario ed in
parte disperso. Inoltre si è cercato di redigere
uno stato di fatto dell’edificio, con i suoi
degradi e le sue mancanze, nonché dei possibili
interventi di recupero da attuare.
Infine è stato studiato l’inquadramento
geografico-paesaggistico della Cappella,
la cornice naturale in cui si inserisce,
come elemento architettonico di sorpresa
all’interno di un paesaggio boschivo irregolare,
fornendo dei suggerimenti per una rivalutazione
ambientale e paesaggistica.
dell’eclettismo italiano.
L’edificio in questione è la Cappella Tonietti a Cavo - Isola d’Elba. Si tratta di un monumento funebre dalle caratteristiche tipiche di un mausoleo gentilizio, tuttavia si contraddistingue
per dimensioni notevoli, soprattutto
in alzato, posizione naturalistica
privilegiata e un notevole simbolismo nei
particolari decorativi.
La cappella era stata commissionata
da Ugo Ubaldo Tonietti in onore del padre
Giuseppe; la posizione, la forma e l’apparato
decorativo erano dovuti a una precisa volontà
di ricordare il passato del padre come
armatore di successo; il luogo scelto era
quello in cui egli si recava a scrutare l’orizzonte
sullo stretto di Piombino. Le decorazioni
e i simbolismi della cappella molto dicono
dell’importanza della famiglia Tonietti
all’Elba: il padre di Ugo Ubaldo, Giuseppe
era stato primo affittuario delle miniere di
Rio Marina e consigliere comunale. Egli era
molto benvoluto da tutta la popolazione per
le sue notevoli azioni a tutela dei lavoratori
e del suo impegno per l’esportazione anche
all’estero delle materie prime elbane.
Il monumento funebre fu eretto all’inizio del
‘900 (benché la data non sia tuttora nota con
precisione), tuttavia non ottenne mai la concessione
per la sepoltura e fu abbandonato.
Oggi esso è in completa rovina per cause naturali,
dissesti del terreno, ma anche a causa
di atti vandalici.
Con questo lavoro di tesi si è cercato
di colmare uno dei molti vuoti degli studi sul
liberty e l’eclettismo italiano, cercando di
fornire innanzitutto un quadro bibliografico
e archivistico del materiale sulla cappella,
che risulta altamente frammentario ed in
parte disperso. Inoltre si è cercato di redigere
uno stato di fatto dell’edificio, con i suoi
degradi e le sue mancanze, nonché dei possibili
interventi di recupero da attuare.
Infine è stato studiato l’inquadramento
geografico-paesaggistico della Cappella,
la cornice naturale in cui si inserisce,
come elemento architettonico di sorpresa
all’interno di un paesaggio boschivo irregolare,
fornendo dei suggerimenti per una rivalutazione
ambientale e paesaggistica.
The evolution of Structure from Motion (SfM) techniques and their integration with the established procedures of classic stereoscopic photogrammetric survey have provided a very effective tool for the production of three-dimensional... more
The evolution of Structure from Motion (SfM) techniques and their integration with the established procedures of classic stereoscopic photogrammetric survey have provided a very effective tool for the production of three-dimensional textured models. Such models are not only aesthetically pleasing but can also contain metric information, the quality of which depends on both survey type and applied processing methodologies. An open research topic in this area refers to checking attainable accuracy levels. The knowledge of such accuracy is essential, especially in the integration of models obtained through SfM with other models derived from different sensors or methods (laser scanning, classic photogrammetry ...). Accuracy checks may be conducted by either comparing SfM models against a reference one or measuring the deviation of control points identified on models and measured with classic topographic instrumentation and methodologies. This paper presents an analysis of attainable accuracy levels, according to different approaches of survey and data processing. For this purpose, a survey of the Church of San Miniato in Marcianella (Pisa, Italy), has been used. The dataset is an integration of laser scanning with terrestrial and UAV-borne photogrammetric surveys; in addition, a high precision topographic network was established for the specific purpose. In particular, laser scanning has been used for the interior and the exterior of the church, with the exclusion of the roof, while UAVs have been used for the photogrammetric survey of both roof, with horizontal strips, and façade, with vertical strips.
The return of photogrammetry in researches and studies about cultural heritage has been possible thanks to the development of the digital photography. With the evolution of the digital photographic equipment and so the overcoming of the... more
The return of photogrammetry in researches and studies about cultural heritage has been possible thanks to the development of the digital photography. With the evolution of the digital photographic equipment and so the overcoming of the analogical shooting, now the application field of the digital photogrammetry is wide and varied. The study presented shows how the Structure from Motion (SfM) can achieve high level of details, in relation of the shooting equipment used. The Micro-Photogrammetry, used during a survey campaign in Cappadocia-Central Anatolia, has constituted an additional and completing part of the studies, allowing both the conclusion of the study on the conservation state of the object and improving new ways for the screening of the study object. In the case study reported, on the rupestrian residential systems (the World Heritage Site of Göreme), has permitted an easy study and learning on the manufacturing of the inner surface of the rooms and has provided, through the production of 3D models, an analysis on the equipment and instruments used for these kind of manufacturing. The study shows significant results and various possibilities on the multidisciplinary methodology of study in complex subject, like the rupestrian architecture. Moreover the results of the manufacturing process have been investigated and the performance is expounding showing the level of detail obtained on each sample. The whole of this study shows an innovative framework on the SfM technique and creates new ways of dialogue between the interested researchers on the topic of the study and conservation of cultural heritage; never forgetting the possibility and the opportunity to create and share the state of art with a specific database for the future generation of researchers.
The Porto Canale di Paola is a Roman a fossa channel equipped with port facilities. It was built for commercial purposes in order to connect Lake Paola with the Mediterranean Sea by cutting a channel between the end of the coastal dune of... more
The Porto Canale di Paola is a Roman a fossa channel equipped with port facilities. It was built for commercial purposes in order to connect Lake Paola with the Mediterranean Sea by cutting a channel between the end of the coastal dune of Sabaudia and the Circeo Promontory. This structure, seriously degraded in recent decades, is the focus of a collaborative research program conducted by the Sapienza “University of Rome”, the National Park of Circeo, the Archaeological Soprintendency of Lazio and the European University of Rome. In order to plan protection and conservation of the archaeological area an extensive campaign of photogrammetric survey has been initiated. The investigations have enabled a better understanding of the features in the area as well as the identification of individual degradation processes. The first operational step was to create a topographic network across the area by total station and GPS survey. The network included about 150 points on the ground, their visibility from the air increased through placing targets about 30 cm in diameter in the form of plastic discs coloured with high-visibility spray-paint. A flight was then conducted over the area by means of GREAL’s ultralight research aircraft, fitted with a nadiral digital reflex photocamera to ensure total image-coverage of the study area. Images and data were later processed to obtain a 3D model of the Porto Canale and a GIS-compatible georeferenced raster photo-map of the whole area.
- by Diego Ronchi and +2
- •
- Roman ports, 3D survey, Roman Archaeology, Aerofotogrammetria
Photography is an essential instrument of knowledge in the archaeological field, both for historical source analysis, reality interpretation, and conservation mapping. This article highlights the instrument's role, tracing known... more
Photography is an essential instrument of knowledge in the archaeological field, both for historical source analysis, reality interpretation, and conservation mapping. This article highlights the instrument's role, tracing known historical paths and reconstructing detailed 3D reality-based mold of complex monuments. The case study is the Arch of Druso in Rome, located at the Via Appia's beginning. It presents several structures superimposed and stratified over time, a first original one in the pre-imperial age, a second one as an aqueduct arch in the 3rd century A.D., and a third one decorated with some architectural elements around 1800. The method of analysis and data validation of the case study refers to the image and range-based methodologies. It starts from a historical/stylistic analysis to create a complex image-based 3D model of the entire archaeological system. The data collected will serve as the basis for defining a semantic model, useful for asset management, and preparing the Scan-to-BIM phase. The results will ratify the image-based approach as a necessary tool for archaeology reading and interpretation, producing both 2D representation to support analysis processes and complex 3D models for virtual reconstruction. The case study's complexity requires data validation, based on the comparison between active and passive methodologies, refining a research path to define a semantically structured model which may open new scenarios in the ArcheoBIM domain.
This paper presents research on the historic urban settlement and natural landscape between the Göreme and Kiliclar (Swords) valleys, located in Kapadokya, one of the most distinctive human and natural landscapes in the world, inscribed... more
This paper presents research on the historic urban settlement and natural landscape between the Göreme and Kiliclar (Swords) valleys, located in Kapadokya, one of the most distinctive human and natural landscapes in the world, inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1985. The research was part of the Italian Scientific Research Programs of Relevant National Interest (PRIN) programme Rupestrian Art and Habitats in Kapadokya (Turkey) and in Central and Southern Italy – Rock, Excavated Architecture, Painting: Between Knowledge, Preservation and Enhancement. The study area has all the features of rupestrian Mediterranean culture, encompassing a heritage developed over time with environmental, architectural and artistic elements. It tells a special story about ancient life, completing and widening our comprehension of the past. There are buildings of great architectural and pictorial qualities, such as the Tokali Kilise, Saint Eustachius and Saint Daniel, where it is still possible to read the old defensive system and the local way of life. Yet these cave settlements are at risk from deterioration. The research is centred on survey, especially on a digital survey carried out using 3D laser scanners for the architecture as well as of the natural stone structure of the settlement. In this way the first complete and detailed documentation of this area has been created, allowing the first studies on the urban character of this archaeological site. The research presented here will show a fully digital approach using 3D digital models aimed to investigate, read, preserve the information and disseminate the artistic and cultural values otherwise not easily accessible and continuously at risk of loss because of decay processes.
Of the activities relating to the historical architectural heritage damaged by the last quake, the virtual recomposition of collapsed or extensively damaged buildings contributes to the restoration and preservation of the identity of... more
Of the activities relating to the historical architectural heritage damaged by the last quake, the virtual
recomposition of collapsed or extensively damaged buildings contributes to the restoration and
preservation of the identity of locations and centers that risk being lost forever. In these pages we
present the first results of a study in which the work group adapted the methodology of data
acquisition and processing of the 3D surveys, developed in recent years, on specific aspects
concerning the Retrosi site in the municipality of Amatrice (RI), as a function of broad-spectrum
analysis, aimed at the reconstruction and recomposition of the original state of the buildings. An
interdisciplinary study was in fact carried out with colleagues engaged in restoration and with
engineer colleagues investigating how structures behave, with the aim of obtaining an analytical
understanding of the formal and technical constructive features of the building, and identification of the
criticalities present prior to the earthquake. The results of this interpretation have gone towards the
construction of a semantic, hierarchical, 3D model linked to a database in which contains the data
relating to specific elements of the building (architectural and structural elements, elements of
masonry types etc.) and including the damages sustained.
recomposition of collapsed or extensively damaged buildings contributes to the restoration and
preservation of the identity of locations and centers that risk being lost forever. In these pages we
present the first results of a study in which the work group adapted the methodology of data
acquisition and processing of the 3D surveys, developed in recent years, on specific aspects
concerning the Retrosi site in the municipality of Amatrice (RI), as a function of broad-spectrum
analysis, aimed at the reconstruction and recomposition of the original state of the buildings. An
interdisciplinary study was in fact carried out with colleagues engaged in restoration and with
engineer colleagues investigating how structures behave, with the aim of obtaining an analytical
understanding of the formal and technical constructive features of the building, and identification of the
criticalities present prior to the earthquake. The results of this interpretation have gone towards the
construction of a semantic, hierarchical, 3D model linked to a database in which contains the data
relating to specific elements of the building (architectural and structural elements, elements of
masonry types etc.) and including the damages sustained.
- by Matteo Flavio Mancini and +2
- •
- 3D survey, Retrosi,, virtual recomposition
Il progetto di rilevo dell’insediamento preistorico in grotta a Mondragone è stato sviluppato a partire da uno schema preliminare di previsione e organizzazione delle attività, al fine di integrare i dati prodotti all’interno di procedure... more
Il progetto di rilevo dell’insediamento preistorico in grotta a Mondragone è stato sviluppato a partire da uno schema preliminare di previsione e organizzazione delle attività, al fine di integrare i dati prodotti all’interno di procedure d’uso degli stessi strutturate all’interno di una metodologia rigorosa e scalabile per i diversi ambiti della ricerca. L’idea alla base del progetto è stata di inserire le informazioni prodotte dal rilievo all’interno dei una dinamica d’uso che tenesse conto del loro ciclo di vita strettamente connesso ai processi di aggiornamento e sviluppo dei sistemi tecnologici di produzione e gestione delle informazioni. Si è immaginato quindi un piano di digitalizzazione dei luoghi su un lungo periodo, definendo un ordine degli interventi su diversa scala, dal rilievo territoriale al rilievo di dettaglio degli strati archeologici e dei segni, al fine di supportare sia le attività di scavo, con un’accurata documentazione dei luoghi, sia le successive fasi di analisi e comunicazione del sito mediante specifici prodotti multimediali. Similmente è stato programmato, per i diversi anni, un uso coordinato di tecnologie con l’intento di generare dati integrabili all’interno di un unico sistema digitale di rappresentazione, così da associare ciascun esito del rilievo alla sequenza di usi definiti dal progetto. In tal modo è stato possibile gestire informazioni prodotte in un lungo lasso di tempo, e con strumentazioni in continuo aggiornamento, all’interno di un unico sistema di archiviazione e visualizzazione. Le attuali e future fasi prevedono lo sviluppo di una piattaforma GIS 3D capace di integrare i modelli, gli elaborati per la documentazione e l’analisi del sito, i dati provenienti dalle diverse attività di studio dei contesti e dei reperti, con il più esteso sistema di comunicazione della ricerca mediante allestimenti museali immersivi e prodotti multimediali divulgativi.
This paper presents a possible way to manage a virtual reconstruction of the Roman aqueduct Aqua Claudia in Rome, in particular, the section between Tor Fiscale and Porta Furba. The aqueduct is a peculiar monument, because it spans... more
This paper presents a possible way to manage a virtual reconstruction of the Roman aqueduct Aqua Claudia in Rome, in particular, the section between Tor Fiscale and Porta Furba. The aqueduct is a peculiar monument, because it spans multiple scales: it has an architectural scale, as a building, but also a landscape scale, as a part of the local geography, and also a detail scale, considering each section as a single entity, with traces and carachteristics worth to be investigated.
Furthermore the modern urban illegal development and the fragmentary conservation status of the aqueduct due to a wide middle-age mining phase, resulted in the monument being split in several chunks, each one, now, an object on its own.
These considerations had a great influence on the methodology and on the data recording technique we had to choose: a classical total station survey was paired with a photogrammetric campaign, to cope with the different scales of the monument to be documented.
For the second step, that is the organization and visualization of the collected data, we chose to work with 3DHOP (3D Heritage Online Presenter), an open-source software package for the creation of interactive Web presentations of high-resolution 3D models. Using this tool, we have built a “3D hub” that, at different scales, can link together the 3D geoemtry, the data from the ground surveys and the classical archaeological records, providing a more immediate and structured access to the available information.
Thus, we have split the visualization into two differents layer: the first one, at a landscape scale, let us to have a complete view of the section; the second layer is focused on the single chunks of the monument, especially on their structure, to better understand the ancient building techniques and its evolution in time. The surveyed data will be also enriched with a modeling of the original shape of the aqueduct, and of its modifications.
Relevance conference / Relevance session:
The paper is focused in integrating archeological data in the framework of the ancient and modern cityscape, integrating different media using 3D as a spatial organization substrate.
Innovation:
We use the 3D data to provide a more natural access to the gathered information, exploiting the geometry space to spatially organize the data, and following the multi-scale nature of the monument.
Furthermore the modern urban illegal development and the fragmentary conservation status of the aqueduct due to a wide middle-age mining phase, resulted in the monument being split in several chunks, each one, now, an object on its own.
These considerations had a great influence on the methodology and on the data recording technique we had to choose: a classical total station survey was paired with a photogrammetric campaign, to cope with the different scales of the monument to be documented.
For the second step, that is the organization and visualization of the collected data, we chose to work with 3DHOP (3D Heritage Online Presenter), an open-source software package for the creation of interactive Web presentations of high-resolution 3D models. Using this tool, we have built a “3D hub” that, at different scales, can link together the 3D geoemtry, the data from the ground surveys and the classical archaeological records, providing a more immediate and structured access to the available information.
Thus, we have split the visualization into two differents layer: the first one, at a landscape scale, let us to have a complete view of the section; the second layer is focused on the single chunks of the monument, especially on their structure, to better understand the ancient building techniques and its evolution in time. The surveyed data will be also enriched with a modeling of the original shape of the aqueduct, and of its modifications.
Relevance conference / Relevance session:
The paper is focused in integrating archeological data in the framework of the ancient and modern cityscape, integrating different media using 3D as a spatial organization substrate.
Innovation:
We use the 3D data to provide a more natural access to the gathered information, exploiting the geometry space to spatially organize the data, and following the multi-scale nature of the monument.
MetroArchaeo is an international conference counting already three editions (Benevento 2015, Torino 2016, Lecce 2017). It brings together researchers and operators in the enhancement, characterization and preservation of archaeological... more
MetroArchaeo is an international conference counting already three editions (Benevento 2015, Torino 2016, Lecce 2017). It brings together researchers and operators in the enhancement, characterization and preservation of archaeological and cultural heritage with the main objective of discussing production, interpretation and reliability of measurements and data.
The conference is conceived to foster exchanges of ideas and information, create collaborative networks and update innovations on “measurements” suitable for cultural heritage for archaeologists, conservators and scientists.
Summarizing, METROARCHAEO2018 is designed to profit of a multidisciplinary approach to give to the Cultural heritage community, from archaeologists to historians, conservators, engineers, material scientists, etc… a complete picture of the measurements utilizations and data treatments with the ultimate goal of increasing knowledge on the characterization and safeguard of archaeological and historic heritage, generally addressed in sectorial conferences.
The fourth Conference will be held in Cassino, October 22-24 2018.
The conference is conceived to foster exchanges of ideas and information, create collaborative networks and update innovations on “measurements” suitable for cultural heritage for archaeologists, conservators and scientists.
Summarizing, METROARCHAEO2018 is designed to profit of a multidisciplinary approach to give to the Cultural heritage community, from archaeologists to historians, conservators, engineers, material scientists, etc… a complete picture of the measurements utilizations and data treatments with the ultimate goal of increasing knowledge on the characterization and safeguard of archaeological and historic heritage, generally addressed in sectorial conferences.
The fourth Conference will be held in Cassino, October 22-24 2018.
- by Cristina Corsi and +7
- •
- Archaeology, Geomatics, Archaeobotany, Palaeoecology
The rehabilitation of photogrammetry in researches and studies about cultural heritage has been possible thanks to the development of the digital photography. With the evolution of the digital photographic equipments and so the overcoming... more
The rehabilitation of photogrammetry in researches and studies about cultural heritage has been possible thanks to the development of the digital photography. With the evolution of the digital photographic equipments and so the overcoming of the analogic shooting, now the application field of the digital photogrammetry is wide and varied.
The study presented shows how the Structure from Motion (SfM) can achieve high level of details, in relation of the shooting equipment used. The Micro-Photogrammetry, used during a survey campaign in Cappadocia - Central Anatolia, has constituted an additional and completing part of the studies, allowing both the completion of the study on the conservation state of the object and improving new ways for the screening of the study object.
In the case study reported, on the rupestrian residential systems (the World Heritage Site of Göreme), has permitted an easy study and learning on the manufacturing of the inner surface of the rooms and has provided, through the production of 3D models, an analysis on the equipments and instruments used for these kind of manufacturing.
The study shows significant results and various possibilities on the multi-disciplinary methodology of study in complex subject, like the rupestrian architecture. Moreover the results of the manufacturing process has been investigated and the performance is expounding showing the level of detail obtained on each sample. The whole of this study shows an innovative framework on the SfM technique and creates new ways of dialogue between the interested researchers on the topic of the study and conservation of cultural heritage; never forgetting the possibility and the opportunity to create and share the state of art with a specific database for the future generation of researchers.
The study presented shows how the Structure from Motion (SfM) can achieve high level of details, in relation of the shooting equipment used. The Micro-Photogrammetry, used during a survey campaign in Cappadocia - Central Anatolia, has constituted an additional and completing part of the studies, allowing both the completion of the study on the conservation state of the object and improving new ways for the screening of the study object.
In the case study reported, on the rupestrian residential systems (the World Heritage Site of Göreme), has permitted an easy study and learning on the manufacturing of the inner surface of the rooms and has provided, through the production of 3D models, an analysis on the equipments and instruments used for these kind of manufacturing.
The study shows significant results and various possibilities on the multi-disciplinary methodology of study in complex subject, like the rupestrian architecture. Moreover the results of the manufacturing process has been investigated and the performance is expounding showing the level of detail obtained on each sample. The whole of this study shows an innovative framework on the SfM technique and creates new ways of dialogue between the interested researchers on the topic of the study and conservation of cultural heritage; never forgetting the possibility and the opportunity to create and share the state of art with a specific database for the future generation of researchers.
This work studies the Heliocaminus Baths. From an architectural point of view, this is a special and unique building in the complex of the Hadrian’s Villa in Tivoli. This research is carried out with a multidisciplinary approach combining... more
This work studies the Heliocaminus Baths. From an architectural point of view, this is a special and unique building in the complex of the Hadrian’s Villa in Tivoli. This research is carried out with a multidisciplinary approach combining petrophysical, petrographic and mineralogical characterization with the techniques of digital survey. The purpose of the research is to contribute to the understanding of Roman construction through the study of materials and from architectural aspects. Using mineralpetrographic and physical analysis, a set of samples (mortars and stones) was investigated for composition and physical properties (density, porosity, water absorption, mechanical strength, etc.). In the case of mortars, these parameters, together with the particle size distribution and the binder/aggregate ratio determined in two ways using image analysis (on thin sections and on specimens), have shown a relationship between the physical and compositional characteristics and the function of mortars within the structure of the Heliocaminus Baths. However, in some cases, different characteristics were detected between the mortars belonging to the same masonry and with same function in the building, showing a slight inhomogeneity in the production of mortars. Furthermore, some relationships between compositional, physical aspects (i.e. porosity, sorting and size of aggregate) and mechanical strength have been found. All the gathered data, linked to the point cloud 3D model, allowed an accurate location of the traces from the construction story of this structure.
Keywords Petrographic characterization Physical features Mortar 3D Laser scanner Roman architecture
The final publication is available at link.springer.com
http://link.springer.com/journal/12210
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12210-015-0469-3
Keywords Petrographic characterization Physical features Mortar 3D Laser scanner Roman architecture
The final publication is available at link.springer.com
http://link.springer.com/journal/12210
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12210-015-0469-3
"Cultural Heritage represents an aspect of our historical memory that in the last decade has suffered transformations, reductions or destructions for different human or external factors. In this situation the introduction of technologies... more
"Cultural Heritage represents an aspect of our historical memory that in the last decade has suffered transformations, reductions or destructions for different human or external factors. In this situation the introduction of technologies and methodologies suitable to reduce this deterioration process has been perceived as mandatory, leading to the development of strategies that permit to preserve and explain the information embedded in Cultural Heritage, supporting the process of valorization through the application of different representation instruments.
3D acquisition and modeling technologies represents a possible aid because they allow to generate the digital simulacrum of a real artifact, and the availability of digital tools for manipulating, exploring, comparing and explaining a virtual object, can greatly increase the comprehension and the valorization of monuments. In addition to these applications orient to the common public, once an artifact is represented in digital form also analysis, management and conservation can be allowed with instruments oriented to experts.
This paper critically presents the two possible complementary approaches to 3D modeling in CH: the representation of a monument “as is” through precise 3D capturing and modeling vs. the representation of a previous hypothetical state through a scientific reconstructive process. Such presentation is based on two exemplar cases of the two approaches: the reality-based modeling of the Pompeii Forum and the diachronic reconstruction of the San Giovanni in Conca basilica in Milan."
3D acquisition and modeling technologies represents a possible aid because they allow to generate the digital simulacrum of a real artifact, and the availability of digital tools for manipulating, exploring, comparing and explaining a virtual object, can greatly increase the comprehension and the valorization of monuments. In addition to these applications orient to the common public, once an artifact is represented in digital form also analysis, management and conservation can be allowed with instruments oriented to experts.
This paper critically presents the two possible complementary approaches to 3D modeling in CH: the representation of a monument “as is” through precise 3D capturing and modeling vs. the representation of a previous hypothetical state through a scientific reconstructive process. Such presentation is based on two exemplar cases of the two approaches: the reality-based modeling of the Pompeii Forum and the diachronic reconstruction of the San Giovanni in Conca basilica in Milan."
Advances in technology have changed the perspective of the human being on the world; in recent years there has been a rapid increase in technological advances in various fields, conservation and management of cultural heritage have not... more
Advances in technology have changed the perspective of the human being on the world; in recent years there has been a rapid increase in technological advances in various fields, conservation and management of cultural heritage have not remained indifferent, three-dimensional digital photogrammetry has broken in its favor, especially in the field of documentation, with possibilities of being used for multiple purposes, involving patrimonial assets such as the case of the archaeological site of Todos Santos in Cuenca (Ecuador), characterized by evidence of three cultures: Cañari, Inca and Española. In this site, a photogrammetric survey was carried out framed in a formative experience that included the process of construction of the 3D model, from the taking of images, to the work in different softwares and the final renderings. The possibilities of this process are versatile, however, complementary as a technical input of knowledge and dissemination to traditional documentation techniques; for cases where its potential contributes to the integral conversation and is adjusted to the availability of existing resources.
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