American cancer society

We conducted an extended follow-up and spatial analysis of the American Cancer Society (ACS) Cancer Prevention Study II (CPS-II) cohort in order to further examine associations between long-term exposure to particulate air pollution and mortality in large U.S. cities. The current study sought to clarify outstanding scientific issues that arose from our earlier HEI-sponsored Reanalysis of the original ACS study data (the Particle Epidemiology Reanalysis Project). Specifically, we examined (1) how ecologic covariates at the community and neighborhood levels might confound and modify the air pollution-mortality association; (2) how spatial autocorrelation and multiple levels of data (e.g., individual and neighborhood) can be taken into account within the random effects Cox model; (3) how using land-use regression to refine measurements of air pollution exposure to the within-city (or intra-urban) scale might affect the size and significance of health effects in the Los Angeles and New ...

Identifying knowledge gaps and research opportunities in cancer and aging research was the focus of a three-part conference series led by the Cancer and Aging Research Group from 2010 to 2015. The third meeting, featured representatives from the NIA, NCI, ACS and PCORI each of whom discussed research priorities and funding opportunities in cancer and aging at their respective agencies. This manuscript reports on the proceedings of that conference with a specific focus on funding priorities for interventions to improve the quality of life and survivorship of older adults with cancer. Helpful tips from each funder regarding writing a scientifically strong research proposal are presented.

Construction project scheduling is one of the most important tools for project managers in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. Construction schedules allow project managers to track and manage the time, cost, and quality (i.e. Project Management Triangle) of projects. Developing project schedules is almost always troublesome, since it is heavily dependent on project planners’ knowledge of work packages, on-the-job-experience, planning capability, and oversight. Having a thorough understanding of the project geometries and their internal interacting stability relations plays a significant role in generating practical construction sequencing. On the other hand, the new concept of embedding all the project information into a three-dimensional (3D) representation of a project (a.k.a. Building Information Model or BIM) has recently drawn the attention of the construction industry. In this paper, the authors demonstrate how to develop and extend the usage of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) not only to generate construction schedules, but to optimize the outcome for different objectives (i.e. cost, time, and job-site movements). The basis for the GA calculations is the embedded data available in BIM of the project that should be provided as an input to the algorithm. By reading through the geometry information in the 3D model, the proposed algorithm gets more specific information about the project and resources from the user and results in different construction schedules. The output 4D animations and schedule wellness scores will help the user to find the most suitable construction schedule for the given project .

This entry for the Wiley International Encyclopaedia fo Anthropology details the emergence of export processing zones and special economic zones and offers an overview of debates and research on the zones in social and cultural anthropology since the 1980s.

One of the most fundamental aspects of learning to read is understanding how printed text relates to spoken language (Perfetti, 2003). When learning to read in English, a learner must view printed letters (graphemes), decode their sounds, and combine those sounds together to form words. For example, to read the word cat, a beginning reader must understand that the grapheme c makes a [k] sound, the grapheme a makes an [æ] sound, and the grapheme t makes a [t] sound, before combining them into [kæt], a word which they already know the meaning of orally. This process of decoding graphic forms into phonological forms is a key component of word recognition, which itself is a key component of learning to read. The specific patterns of correspondences between the graphic and phonological forms are the orthography of a language. Each language has its own unique orthography. Thus, all learners who are learning to read in English, no matter their first language background, need to develop the...

Cancer survivors are often highly motivated to seek information about food choices, physical activity, dietary supplement use, and complementary nutritional therapies to improve their treatment outcomes, quality of life, and survival. To address these concerns, the American Cancer ...