Anti-Aging Medicine

Humans are keenly aware of their mortality. Given a limited time what we do with our life is a reflection of knowledge of our mortality. In 2009 the Nobel prize in medicine to Jack W Szostak, Elizabeth Blackburn, Carol W Greider for their work on Telomerase and scientific research exploded in this area. Telomere protect chromosome ends the Telomerase enzyme maintains Teleomere length. This activity of Telomerase is essential in aging and stem cells and achieving longer life spans. Telomerase is expressed in 85% of human cancer cell lines, but its enzymatic activity is not detectable in most human somatic cells which constitute the vast majority of the cells in the human body. There is a need for increased telomerase activity in stem cells for use in the treatment of therapies where there is an active role for telomerase. Umbilical Cord Blood (UCB) provides an attractive source of stem cells for research and therapeutic uses. Work shown here characterizes the gene expression changes from Umbilical cord cells differentiate toward telomerase on treatment with Metadichol ®. Metadichol ® is a nanoemulsion of long-chain alcohols that is nontoxic. It is a mixture of long-chain alcohols derived from food. The work presented here is about the effect of Metadichol ® on Telomerase expression profile in Umbilical cord cells. Our results using q-RT-PCR show increases of mRNA telomerase expression by Sixteen-fold at one picogram but down-regulates expression at higher concentrations of 100 pg, 1 ng, 100 ng and one microgram per ml concentration. Western blot studies showed expression of Telomerase protein which is slightly higher than control at one picogram, i.e., Telomerase protein expression continues at replacement level. Since it is devoid of toxic effects, it can be directly tested on humans and is in use today as an immune boosting supplement. Metadichol ® increases expression of Klotho an anti-aging gene expression in cancer cell lines by Four to Tenfold , and Klotho gene has been documented to inhibits the growth of cancer cells. Metadichol ® also inhibits TNF, ICAM1, CCL2, and BCAT1 which that is associated with proliferation in yeast and increased metastatic potential in human cancers. It paves the way for safe clinical testing and research and study of Telomerase biology and its use in humans.

This article outlines a novel approach to the underlying causes of age-related changes in the face, which are associated with the performance of its key functions (vision, breathing, eating, speech and emotion). It forms the basis of Smart Cosmetology, capable of offering personalized facial upgrades depending on the type of functional disruption manifested as external problems on the face.

The knowledge gained from the study of the human genome has surprisingly revealed fascinating and visible details of gene expression in humans. Extremely fascinating for neuroscience are phylogenetic correspondents of physiognomic, the relative different adaptive behavioral responses in the environment, the consequent variations of the brain functions and each of their peculiarities. The color of human eyes is determined by...

While the search for the “fountain of youth” has long been considered merely a fantasy, advances in regenerative
medicine and biogerontology in the twenty-first century
suggest that “the aspiration to modify the biological
processes of aging in humans—and thus delay the onset
of all age-related disadvantages, as well as compress
morbidity and mortality—may actually be achievable”.

The mechanisms of aging are described at the molecular, cell, tissue, and systemic levels. Primary age-dependent molecular lesions activate the cell stress response to compensate for the resulting defects, but the mechanisms that recover and maintain homeostasis are gradually deteriorated. When the amount of errors reaches a critical threshold in regulatory networks, a phase transition from health to disease occurs at the systemic level. The review considers the approaches to quantitative assessment of the aging process (bio-markers of aging) and promising interventions to slow down the aging process and to reduce the risk of age-dependent diseases.

In the 1930”s, scientist Dr. Royal Rife discovered that every organism has its own resonant frequency based upon the principle of sympathetic resonance. For example, where an opera singer is capable of shattering a crystal wine glass if she sings the right resonant note, Rife reported being able to destroy any given virus or bacteria by transmitting its own resonant frequency. Scalar plasma technology and frequency-imprinted marine plasma water (Quinton Marine Plasma Water) was found to have a positive effect on the autonomic nervous system that is responsible for stress management in the human body.  Research studies have confirmed that stress and the aging process are intimately related with each other.  The data in this research study suggests that scalar plasma therapy combined with frequency-imprinted marine plasma water can reduce stress and be a promising reverse aging protocol.

Technological innovations and biotechnological findings are revolutionizing medicine and health care. Following this shift in medical research and practice, the traditional concept of ageing has also been challenged by the development of “anti-ageing medicine”, which states that “ageing processes can be slowed down, stopped or even reversed”. What seemed impossible a few decades ago, has today become the priority of many scientists and medical professionals focussing on aspects such as regeneration processes, human enhancement, replacement of body parts or micro-engineered body monitoring.
To bring light on what currently works or does not work in the field of anti-ageing medicine, TA-Swiss has directed a study and analysis on the many areas where anti-ageing medicine is proliferating along with a growing market of applications and products. Those range from therapeutic cloning, stem cells, genomics, human engineering, biogerontology to dietary supplements, to engineered solutions for a smart home and age-friendly environment. The international study of research, practice, market and consumers world was conducted through state of the art review as well as through expert interviews and clinical on site visits in the world and in Switzerland. The presentation will synthesize results and provide recommendations (policy, legislative, pharmaceutics, research) on the new developments in preventive care and interventions aiming at reversing decline, restoring lost functions, as well as technological devices for rehabilitation and care.
The survey shows many interesting results, a few can be pointed out: (i) anti-ageing medicine touches a vast array of disciplines both medical and para-medical, which creates new professional venues and opportunities (ii) anti-ageing research findings are still difficult to generalize yet often promising, while specific anti-ageing interventions work in specific conditions (age, gender, health status, medical indication) it can be at risk for other situations or age groups (iii) the anti-ageing products are booming globally in an uncontrollable way: not only is there a lack of economic data on the market but also on consumers expenses, but more so, many products do not respond to a clear categorization (with official labels) and avoid control of its distribution internationally or through internet (iv) the consumer is often unaware of the risk undertaken for his health and is also often financially abused through consuming products with false claims.
On the basis of those results, recommendations were formulated for the government, but also for the medical and non-medical practitioners, for the association of patients and for the market. In each of these sectors, the rapid pace of technological innovation reflects two contrasted sides: on one hand, measures are suggested to allow new technologies to be transferred for the benefit of the older patient and, on the other hand, further researches and quality control are needed to avoid any potential risks of non-tested technological interventions in order to protect the elderly population. Anti-ageing medicine is a transnational movement, thus, it is only through a concerted European and international regulation on anti-ageing medicine that the population will be better informed and allow for a safer and informed decision for every consumer.

Поступила в редакцию 08.05.2020 г. После доработки 21.05.2020 г. Принята к публикации 21.05.2020 г. В обзоре рассмотрены механизмы старения на молекулярном, клеточном, тканевом и системном уровнях. Первичные молекулярные повреждения вызывают клеточный ответ, направленный на компенсацию нарушений, однако постепенно выходят из строя сами механизмы восстановления и поддержания гомеостаза. Когда количество ошибок в регуляторных сетях достигает критического порога, на системном уровне происходит фазовый переход из состояния здоровья в состояние бо-лезни. Рассмотрены подходы к количественной оценке процесса старения (биомаркеры старения), а также интервенции, перспективные с точки зрения возможности замедления процессов старения и уменьшения риска развития возрастзависимых заболеваний. Ключевые слова: старение, возрастзависимые заболевания, биомаркеры старения, геропротекторы ВВЕДЕНИЕ В связи с увеличением среднего возраста насе-ления проблема профилактики преждевременного старения и лечения возрастных заболеваний выхо-дит на первый план в современном здравоохране-нии [1]. Перспективным подходом к реализации этой цели считается воздействие на ключевые мо-лекулярные механизмы, связанные со старением-основным фактором риска возрастзависимых за-болеваний, направленное на подавление патологи-ческих процессов и активацию защитных систем клетки и организма в целом [2, 3]. В настоящее вре-мя практически отсутствуют клинически прове-ренные терапевтические вмешательства в ход мо-лекулярных процессов естественного и ускоренно-го старения, однако имеется большое количество перспективных доклинических исследований [1, 4]. Кроме того, для трансляции в клинику потребу-ется разработка системы биомаркеров старения, пригодных как для оценки состояния организма, так и для определения эффективности геропротек-торной терапии [5]. Основатель геронтологии Бенджамин Гомперц вывел закон смертности, впоследствии названный его именем: "Возможно, что смерть может быть следствием двух обычно сосуществующих причин: одна-случайность, без предшествующей пред-расположенности к смерти или изнашиванию; другая-изнашивание или возрастающая неспо-собность противостоять разрушению" [6]. Тем самым Гомперц не только отделил внешние при-чины смертности от внутренних (старения), но и предвосхитил разделение механизмов старения на накопление повреждений и ошибок ("изна-шивание") и утрату способности восстанавливать ошибки из-за поломок самих систем репарации. В обзоре с современных позиций рассмотрена комплексная динамика процесса старения на разных уровнях биологической организации-от первичных повреждений на молекулярном уров-не и ответа клетки на них, который отчасти ком-пенсирует нарушения, но может вносить новые ошибки (в том числе, приводящие к нарушению регулирования систем поддержания гомеостаза), до системного уровня, когда количество накоп-ленных ошибок вызывает фазовый переход из со-стояния здоровья в состояние болезни. Цель обзора состояла в обобщении современ-ных взглядов на ключевые механизмы старения, а также на биомаркеры, характеризующие биоло-гический возраст организма и связанные со ста-рением патологические процессы, и на геропро-текторные интервенции, нацеленные на профи-лактику преждевременного старения.

Why do we age? Scientists have been baffled by this question for centuries and disagree regarding even the general nature of aging. Is aging the result of fundamental limitations that apply to all living things, or are organisms designed by nature to age because a limited life span conveys some advantage? All of the theories either fail to fully explain observed animal characteristics or conflict with generally accepted evolution theory. This issue has potentially enormous implications for medicine. If aging is the result of fundamental and unalterable forces of nature, then anti-aging medicine is impossible and anti-aging research is futile and foolish. If aging is imposed by an evolved life span regulation system, then research will likely reveal means for altering the operation of the aging mechanism and thereby improve the treatment of many age-related diseases and conditions. This book provides a historical review of biological aging theories including underlying evolution and genetics issues and describes exciting recent discoveries and new theories that are causing renewed interest in aging-by-design. The author discusses Darwin's theory of evolution as well as more recent proposed modifications such as the selfish gene theory, evolvability theory, and group selection in connection with their effects on aging theory. A chapter is devoted to describing the aspects of modern genetics that have implications for evolution theory including the application of digital information theory to genetics.

Background: To maintain good health, it is important to eliminate extra reactive oxygen generated in the body. Furthermore, ingesting foods containing antioxidants is beneficial. The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values for black raspberry extract (BRE), blueberry
extract (BBE), and raspberry extract (RBE) are 62, 66, and 49 μM Trolox equivalents (TE)/g respectively. These values are higher than those for typical antioxidant foods that have been discovered so far (3–30 μM TE/g). Our aim was to find new functionality from the food with the high ORAC value. Therefore, we have prepared these four berry extracts and examined whether they have anti-aging effects and if those effects correlate with their antioxidant activities.

Methods: We studied the following effects of 4 berry extracts: 1) lens cell protective effects; 2) effects against alopecia; 3) induction of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1), a regulator of fat and energy consumption in adipocytes, and stimulation of irisin secretion from skeletal muscle cells;
and 4) inhibitory effects on melanocyte tyrosinase activity. The evaluation method was based on below; 1) α-crystallin, type 17 collagen, heat shock protein 47 (HSP47), UCP1 and Irisin -mRNA by qRT-PCR, 2) the amount of the UCP1 and Irisin protein by ELISA. 3) Inhibition of tyrosinase activity was measured by dopachrome production using L-tyrosine.

Results: In lens cells, α-crystallin mRNA expression was induced 1 hour after treatment of the cell with Blabina (a powdered formulation containing BRE) and BRE. The extracts of all four berry species promoted the growth of follicle dermal papilla cells by 3-20% in a concentration-dependent manner. These berry extracts were also discovered to markedly induce the expression of mRNAs of type 17 collagen and HSP47 in the hair follicle stem cell and
elevate the expression levels of UCP1 mRNA and its protein in adipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. BRE and Blabina inhibited 5α-reductase in follicle dermal papilla cells and tyrosinase activity in melanocytes at the concentrations which inhibited dopachrome production by at least 50%. Finally, Blabina was discovered to stimulate the irisin
secretion from skeletal muscles.

Conclusion: These results suggest that berry extracts, particularly BRE, have anti-aging effects through their higher antioxidant activities.

Keywords: Anti-aging; antioxidant; alopecia; black raspberry; weight loss; oxygen radical, absorbance capacity; skin whitening

Qigong is a formidable art, part of Chinese medicine and Western cognitive neurology (cognitive neuroscience), to prevent and treat diseases, improve health, delay aging and enhance latent potential of human beings. It is focused on the Chi movement.  Qigong origins date back to at least 3000 years ago. Qigong practice contributes to the growth of the Qi (Chi) essential substance, increasing human body energy and delaying aging....

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a abordagem do envelhecimento na Medicina Anti-aging a partir da sua emergência e desenvolvimento no Brasil. O estudo visa a contribuir para uma análise antropológica do envelhecimento, principalmente na sociedade brasileira, considerando a perspectiva biomédica como elemento constitutivo das representações e das condições de vivência desse processo. De acordo com os princípios da Teoria Ator-Rede (TAR), a tese destaca as controvérsias científicas e éticas e as relações de conflito envolvidas na trajetória de organização institucional e legitimação das práticas anti-aging. O Conselho Federal de Medicina (CFM), como polo de oposição, e a Academia Brasileira de Medicina Antienvelhecimento (ABMAE), como polo promotor da abordagem anti-aging, são considerados instâncias de referência neste debate, a partir das quais são identificados valores presentes no atual cenário brasileiro, os principais atores e os processos de associação que dão forma à Medicina Anti-aging. Discutem-se as rupturas e continuidades da Medicina Anti-aging em relação à perspectiva geriátrica/gerontológica hegemônica do modelo biomédico, sobretudo no âmbito da proposição de uma medicina holística e preventiva. Considerando o paradigma do envelhecimento ativo e a perspectiva dos pacientes adeptos dos tratamentos anti-aging, a tese aponta os principais fatores que dão sentido a essas práticas e a influência que esse viés tem na forma como o envelhecimento vem sendo pensado e vivenciado na contemporaneidade.

The logic and cultural myths that buttress the cosmeceutical industry construct the older woman as
a victim of old age, part of an “at-risk” population who must monitor, treat and prevent any markers of
old age. A content and discourse analysis of 124 advertisements from the US More magazine between
1998 and 2008, revealed three major themes working together to produce this civic duty: (1) the
inclusion of scientific and medical authorities in order to define the cosmeceutical as a ‘drug’ curing
a disease, (2) descriptions of the similarities (and differences) between the abilities of cosmeceuticals and
cosmetic surgery to restore one’s youth, and (3) the logic equating youth with beauty, femininity and
power and older age with the absence of these qualities. Together these intersecting logics produce the
“will to youth”dthe imperative of the aging woman to promote her youthful appearance by any and all
available means. Further, by using images and references to fantasies and traditional fairytales, cosmeceutical
advertisements both promise and normalize expectations of eternal youth of the aging woman.

Il concetto di eterna giovinezza evoca in molti l’immagine di una società composta per lo più da ventenni ed, eventualmente, bambini. Al contrario di ciò che generalmente si pensa, il rallentamento, il blocco e l’inversione dei processi di invecchiamento, di singoli organi come di interi organismi, di cavie animali come di esseri umani, sono risultati che sono già stati acquisiti nella letteratura scientifica. Questo articolo presenta lo stato dell'arte della medicina anti-aging e spiega perché, nonostante gli indubbi progressi della ricerca, lo scenario di una società di soli giovani in tempi stretti è implausibile.

Anti-aging medicine is a clinical specialty is founded on the application of advanced scientific and medical technologies for the early detection, prevention, treatment, and reversal of age-related dysfunction, disorders, and diseases. It is a healthcare model promoting innovative science and research to prolong the healthy lifespan in humans. As such, anti-aging medicine is based on principles of sound and responsible medical care that are consistent with those applied in other preventive health specialties. Today, thousands of physicians and practitioners in private medical offices, as well as at some of the most prestigious teaching hospitals around the world, now embrace the anti-aging medical model. Undeniably, anti-aging medicine is achieving demonstrable and objective results that beneficially impact the degenerative diseases of aging. Anti-aging medicine is transforming healthcare, one practice at a time. In this article, the authors establish the background, history, and accomplishments of the anti-aging medical model, and discuss future developments in this fast-growing clinical specialty.

Ewige Jugend ist ein uralter Menschheitstraum. Er war schon lange zur Ware geworden, bevor Anfang der 1990er-Jahre der Ausdruck »Anti-Aging« geprägt wurde. Das macht bereits ein flüchtiger Blick in die illustrierten Magazine der Weimarer Republik deutlich. In fast jeder Ausgabe finden sich Anzeigen, mit denen für den verjüngenden Effekt eines Nahrungsergänzungsmittels oder eines Hormonpräparats, einer Schönheitsoperation oder eines Fitnessprogramms geworben wurde. Hundertfach gewähren solche Anzeigen, die unter anderem von (inter)nationalen Kosmetik- und Pharmaherstellern, Privatkliniken und Kureinrichtungen in Auftrag gegeben wurden, einen Einblick in den Verjüngungsdiskurs der 1920er- und frühen 1930er-Jahre. Zudem zeugen sie von der raschen Expansion der damaligen Verjüngungsindustrie und belegen, wie sehr diese Industrie und die Weimarer Bilderblätter, die wie »kaum ein zweites Medium [...] die Befindlichkeiten der Epoche« spiegeln, voneinander profitierten.

Most of us women are tuned into our looks from an early age. As we age, we are more tuned into the subtle signs of aging than men are. And we worry about them a great deal. But there are many ways to keep age at bay.
Of course, you can do nothing about the chronological clock, but you can do much to slow down aging in your body, to control how the natural hands of time work on your body. In short, there are many things you can do so you age gracefully.

Background: Microalgae due to an array of its antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory bioactives have been changing the cosmeceutical market. One such bioactive power pack is Chlorella emersonii KJ725233, a novel, non-fastidious freshwater microalga with an inherently higher anti-oxidant potential. Objective: The present study evaluates its potential use as a cosmeceutical ingredient with arrays of biochemical assays, toxicity studies and GC-HRMS profiling. Materials and Methods: In vitro protein-ase inhibition activity of the methanolic extract of C.emersonii KJ725233 was evaluated using SAAANA, sodium hyaluronate and bovine collagen as substrates respectively. The radical scavenging potential was determined by DPPH assay and was correlated to the total flavonoid content evaluated by aluminium trichloride method. The bioactive composition was evaluated by GC – HRMS analysis. Eye irritation potential and sulforhodamine B assay were carried out using 3T3 fibroblasts cells to ascertain its non-toxic nature. Results: The methanolic extract of C.emersonii KJ725233 exhibited a potent elastase inhibition of 92.04±2.27% at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL. This was qualitatively established by the presence of phytol, its

Der Einfluss der Medizin darauf, wie wir das Alter sehen und damit umgehen, wird immer größer. Medizinische Theorien und Behandlungen prägen das Selbstverständnis und die Erwartungen älterer Menschen. In diesem Band diskutieren Autorinnen und Autoren aus Sicht von Ethik und Philosophie, Sozial- und Geschichtswissenschaft, Medizin, Psychologie, Recht und Theologie die Folgen dieser Entwicklung. Die Themen reichen vom Umgang mit Demenz über die medizinische Versorgung am Lebensende und die gerechte Verteilung von Ressourcen in alternden Gesellschaften bis zur Kontroverse um die Anti-Aging-Medizin. In allen diesen Bereichen zeigt sich: Die moderne Medizin beeinflusst nicht nur, wie alt wir werden – sie bestimmt vor allem, auf welche Weise wir alt werden.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, also known as BDNF, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the BDNF gene.BDNF is a member of the neurotrophin family of growth factors, which are related to the canonical Nerve GrowthFactor. Neurotrophic factors are found in the brain and the periphery.BDNfF is a neuropeptide that regulates the growth, survival, and differentiation of neurons and that affects synaptic plasticity especially by mediating long-term potentiation <Brain-derived neurotrophic factor … is critical for axonal growth, neuronal survival, and synaptic plasticity, and its levels are affected by stress and cortisol. BDNF is important in promoting neurogenesis in areas like the hippocampus. BDNF is important for long-term memory. Studies have shown links between BDNF and various conditions and diseases(Alzheimer's disease,Dementia,bulimia nervosa,schizophrenia,depression, Huntingto n;s disease,Rett Syndrome etc. BDNF and Anti Aging. Hippocampal volume shrinks in late adulthood, but the neuromolecular factors that trigger hippocampal decay in aging humans remains a matter of speculation. BDNF levels have been shown to decrease in tissues with aging. BDNF levels appear to be highly regulated throughout the lifetime both in the early developmental stages and in the later stages of life. Hippocampal volume shrinks in late adulthood, but the neuromolecular factors that trigger hippocampal decay in aging humans remains a matter of speculation. In rodents, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes the growth and proliferation of cells in the hippocampus and is important in long-term potentiation and memory formation. In humans, circulating levels of BDNF decline with advancing age, and a genetic polymorphism for BDNF has been related to gray matter volume loss in old age. In this study, we tested whether age-related reductions in serum levels of BDNF would be related to shrinkage of the hippocampus and memory deficits in older adults. Hippocampal volume was acquired by automated segmentation of magnetic resonance images in 142 older adults without dementia. The caudate nucleus was also segmented and examined in relation to levels of serum BDNF. Spatial memory was tested using a paradigm in which memory load was parametrically increased. We found that increasing age was associated with smaller hippocampal volumes, reduced levels of serum BDNF, and poorer memory performance. Lower levels of BDNF were associated with smaller hippocampi and poorer memory, even when controlling for the variation related to age. In an exploratory mediation analysis, hippocampal volume mediated the age-related decline in spatial memory and BDNF mediated the age-related decline in hippocampal volume. Caudate nucleus volume was unrelated to BDNF levels or spatial memory performance. Scientific-research results identify

INTRODUCTIONIn vitro dissolution specifications are established to ensure batch-to-batch consistency while pointing out any potential problems with in vivo bioavailability among different drug products (1). At early stages of formulation development, in vitro dissolution testing provides guidance on optimizing drug release from formulations. While at later stages, it may be employed as an indicator of the in vivo performance of drug products to potentially reduce the number of bioavailability/bioequivalence studies. An established IVIVC can be further used to set meaningful dissolution specifications that take clinical consequences into account in the hope of facilitating regulatory approvals of post approval changes. Among the different in vitro systems available for testing, USP Dissolution apparatus 4 offers a viable option for carrying out dissolution of novel dosage forms (2,3). USP Dissolution apparatus 4 is helpful in: testing robustness of the formulation with respect to the va

To be honest, very few nutrition supplements can provide some extra energy even at old age, however, you food habit is the most important to remain younger. To be looked younger, anybody needs to maintain some food habits and conscious about that fact as these foods are known as anti-aging foods.

The anti-aging gene Sirtuin 1 has now major relevance to genetics and the fields of pharmacology, toxicology, neurosci-ence, immunology, biochemistry and cell/molecular biology. Advances in anti-aging therapy are now essential to prevent mitochondrial apoptosis to promote longevity with the prevention of accelerated ageing. Calorie restriction that maintains the anti-aging gens changes the core body temperature and promotes species longevity. Stress and calorie consumption are sensitive to Sirt 1 function with relevance heat shock protein 70 metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis. Sirt 1 regulation of the circadian rhythm mediates melatonin effects on core body temperature regulation and immune responses. Diet and fat are essential factors that determine species lon-gevity with relevance to heat shock gene regulation and mi-tochondrial disease in animals and man. Strenuous exercise to activate the cellular heat shock gene in animals and man should be carefully controlled to prevent magnesium deficiency with relevance to immune disorders and mitophagy.

Alt = krank, gebrechlich, vielleicht sogar arm, im Kopf nicht mehr klar und auch sonst nicht mehr ganz dicht, für die Mitmenschen nur noch eine Last? Halten Sie das für normal? Die meisten Menschen glauben das, immer noch. Aber: Wird etwas wahr, nur weil viele es glauben?

Es ist längst bewiesen: Wir sind dem Altern nicht hilflos ausgeliefert, wir können es tatsächlich beeinflussen, wie und wann wir altern.

Auch Sie können jung, gesund, fit und fröhlich bleiben bis hundert oder mehr. Also die jungen, aktiven Jahre verlängern, statt „nur“ sehr alt zu werden. Denn nur am hintersten Ende der Lebensspanne noch etliche Jahre dranzuhängen, das kann es doch eigentlich nicht sein, oder? Das schafft man auch mit reiner Symptombekämpfung, mit Medikamenten wie Blutdrucksenkern, ACE-Hemmern, Statinen, Neuroleptika und notfalls Opioiden usw. Nur – wo, bitte, bleibt da der Spaß am Leben, das Gefühl, wirklich lebendig zu sein?

Wenn jetzt jemand käme und Ihnen zeigen würde, wie auch Sie die Erfahrung machen können, gesund, fit und fröhlich den hundertsten Geburtstag zu feiern – oder gar den hundertzwanzigsten…  Das wäre doch wundervoll, oder?

In his book The Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology, Ray Kurzweil argues that given the current exponential rate of information growth, in a mere twenty years or so it may become possible to postpone aging indefinitely, and perhaps even to reverse it.  Even should this not happen, recent breakthrough research in the field of gerontology may have already provided the means through which people can slow the aging process by one third, possibly more.

To understand this research, and how to apply it, one must first understand that the aging process has many components and occurs on a hierarchy of levels, through many different mechanisms. Also, it seems very important to note that aging does not seem a one way street, but results from a dynamic balance between aging processes that lead to damage and loss of function, and rejuvenative processes that reverse aging by repairing damage and optimizing health.  Learning how to slow down aging processes and to speed up rejuvenative processes, and then applying this knowledge, gives us an actual opportunity to shift this balance for the better.

Why should the concept of Imperatively Hidden Elements (IHE) become common knowledge, especially in machine learning and feature selection? Did everyone, except for me, knew all along that our scientific progress-rate limiting bottlenecking factor is proper feature selection but not the lack of advances in improving our machine learning algorithms? I assumed that this could not be the case because most publications present improvements in machine learning algorithms, but neglect to even mention that lack of progress in better feature selection is preventing us from making any significant progress but not poorly performing machine learning algorithms. I thought that if I did not know that until my defense, then most others, especially those who don't know much about machine learning yet, i.e. most of our wet-lab biologists, who need to design their experiments accordingly, are not aware of this problem either. Then I thought I must tell them or else they keep mistakenly misinterpreting unpredictable outcomes as unavoidable noise instead of correctly realizing that still imperatively hidden elements (IHE) affect our predicted outcome in manner, which we cannot yet explain, unless we start observing the last temporal visible object/observation/event, after which we can no longer correctly predict the chain of subsequent events or observations, from many different perspectives and angles in order to really scrutinize it legitimacy, because most likely, it is composed of more than a single visible object (VO), of which we are already aware, because an undetermined number of distinctly different, but yet still imperatively hidden; thus inevitably for us still imperceptible, but nevertheless fully legitimate and truly existing yet invisible objects look too similar to our only visible object, which tricks us into the illusion of erroneously believing that it's only a single object. But the truth is that it is actually 2 or more objects, between which we cannot yet distinguish. Nevertheless, the number of possible outcomes depends on the number of truly existing objects, regardless whether or not we can distinguish them from their background. For example, until this morning, I was not aware of the difference between Python and Cython. Cython was for me in imperatively hidden object, which to me looked exactly like Python, because Cython is almost identical to Python, except for, that its variables must be of a specified type, e.g. string, vector, list, numeric, data frame, etc., which is not the case in Python. This led to my observation that some Python packages run fine on Windows whereas other never worked. Since the PyAffy.py library must have been written in Cython, it tricked me into the illusion that the only way to use a Python package, which fails to run under Windows, is to use Linux. It took us 3 months to set up a Linux laptop I could see. Now I discovered that we could have copied the Cython code and save it as a Python file by omitting specifying the variable type and run it just like a Python file. If we had used machine learning to discover the reason for some Python packages, specifically the PyAffy-package not running under Windows, could machine learning figure out that the feature " variable type selection " , which is a Boolean of present or absent, can be used to distinguish between Python and Cython? If we just gave the programming code of Python libraries and the outcome of running and not running as training data for supervised machine learning, could it figure out without any prior knowledge about Cython, that a programming language other than Python is causing problems under Windows? Can machine learning learn programming? Can it learn to conceptually understand the differences between variable types, If the concept of IHE is true, then most graduates are not well prepared to deal with imperatively hidden elements (IHE), because they appear to be totally left in the dark about this dangerously unnecessarily very time-consuming temporary progress-preventing nettlesome barrier, which can halt progress for many years, because nobody ever shared with them (i.e. our future wet-lab scientists, who must choose wisely, which data they collect for the computational analysts, to reach valid conclusions) the concept that the risk for misinterpreting poor outcome predictability as unavoidable background noise instead of getting alerted that a still imperatively hidden element (IHE), which we cannot perceive yet, creates a much bigger and more dangerous obstacle, than any visible element, which has at least one feature that causes it

I have carried vast research about the possibility of achieving anti-aging by means of working with a consciousness. And my conclusions are the following.
1. It is possible to achieve anti-aging.
2. The process of anti-aging starts immediately after a person ejects their consciousness to a mirror universe.
3. I have invented the key: how to eject the consciousness into the mirror universe.

In our body there is a continuous cell turnover. Every day innumerable cells die by programmed cell death, in particular apoptosis, and are replaced by others deriving from stem cells. With the passing of time, this turnover is limited by sophisticated mechanisms, genetically determined and regulated, which control the telomere-telomerase system and therefore cell duplication capacity (replicative senescence) and overall functionality (cell senescence).
Alterations of cell turnover mechanisms cause dramatic syndromes, such as dyskeratosis congenita and Werner syndrome, while the normal age-related slowdown and stopping of this turnover causes a fitness decline that is defined senescence in its more advanced expressions. The fitness decline documented in the wild for many species should not be confused with the mortality increment observed for animals, as Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster, in artificial conditions at ages non-existent in the wild.
Many species are not subject to this fitness decline and, in the case their individuals reach very old ages in the wild, are defined as ageless animals or species with ‘negligible senescence’. For some of them, the functionality of the telomere-telomerase system has been documented as unvaried at older ages.
Indeed, the fitness decline appears not an inevitable decay but a very sophisticated function, favoured for its greater inclusive fitness in particular selective conditions, and, being a function, in principle modifiable and governable. This leads to the prospect that senescence will be tamed in the not too distant future, in particular by control of, or more audaciously, by a modification of, the genetic determinants of the telomere-telomerase system. Such a prospect is radically different from the present advances in medical cures that are only increasing the proportion of disabled ultra-octogenarians.

[Revision notes: Refined site-directed amino acid substitutions in the histone H1.0 protein ortholog that would confer significant resistance to senescence to distantly related model organisms (see subsection "Can the scope of the hypothesis be expanded?"). Resistance of naked mole-rat cells to iPSC reprogramming also discussed. Additional colleagues acknowledged for reviewing this paper. Thank you very much for your valuable comments!]
Background: The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) appears not to undergo senescence to any significant degree in late adulthood, and has almost negligible cancer incidence. In general, age-related cancer and senescence are explicated under the recently proposed hologenic theory of individuated multicellularity and a corollary theory of senescence. Both theories are grounded in considerations of thermodynamic constraints on histone post-translational modifications. Together, these theories underpin the formulation of an experimentally falsifiable hypothesis that may explain the remarkable resistance to both senescence and cancer displayed by the naked mole-rat.
Presentation of the hypothesis: Here, I propose that the constraints imposed on chromatin dynamics by the naked mole-rat’s histone H1.0 protein—which in terminally differentiated cells constrains the post-translational modification of nucleosome core histones—are a necessary and sufficient condition for its resistance to both senescence and cancer.
Testing the hypothesis: I suggest two experiments for the direct testing of the proposed hypothesis. These experiments comprise, as test subjects, mutant naked mole-rats synthesizing a house mouse (Mus musculus)-like histone H1.0, and mutant house mice synthesizing a naked mole-rat-like histone H1.0. The prediction is that the constraints on chromatin dynamics embodied by the respective mutant histone H1.0 proteins will negate the otherwise significant resistance to both senescence and cancer of the naked mole-rats and, conversely, confer such resistance to the house mice.
Implications of the hypothesis: If this hypothesis is experimentally verified, it will provide empirical support for the hologenic theory of individuated multicellularity and the theory of senescence. The verification of this hypothesis implies that constraints on chromatin dynamics through replication-independent, naked mole-rat-like histone H1 proteins may confer significant resistance to both senescence and age-related cancer to otherwise senescence-prone and/or cancer-susceptible multicellular organisms, including humans.
Competing interests: The author discloses that two patent applications related to this paper have been filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Patent application numbers: US62803987, US62833244. Inventor: Felipe A. Veloso, Santiago (CL). Applicant: Qualus Research SpA, Santiago (CL).

Viable yet damaged cells can accumulate during development and aging. Although eliminating those cells may benefit organ function, identification of this less fit cell population remains challenging. Previously, we identified a molecular mechanism, based on “fitness fingerprints” displayed on cell membranes, which allows direct fitness comparison among cells in Drosophila. Here, we study the physiological consequences of efficient cell selection for the whole organism. We find that fitness-based cell culling is naturally used to maintain tissue health, delay aging, and extend lifespan in Drosophila. We identify a gene, azot, which ensures the elimination of less fit cells. Lack of azot increases morphological malformations and susceptibility to random mutations and accelerates tissue degeneration. On the contrary, improving the efficiency of cell selection is beneficial for tissue health and extends lifespan.

Life span is limited by the effects of diseases and ageing. For the aim of a longer life span, it is indispensable that a rational analysis of the primary causes of these phenomena is not limited to the description of their physio-pathological mechanisms. If Dobzhansky’s statement that “nothing in biology makes sense, except in the light of evolution” is true, it appears logical to maintain that evolution theory must be the main tool for such analysis.
From an evolutionary point of view, diseases are the predictable consequence of: 1) defects in the maintenance and transmission of genetic information; 2) alterations of the ecological niche to which the species is adapted (in particular, for our species, due to civilisation); 3) interactions with other species (bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, parasitic worms, etc.); and 4) conditions for which the species is not adapted.
Moreover, evolution theory allows the paradoxical prediction that, in particular ecological conditions, kin selection favours a progressive fitness decline, usually, in its more evident manifestations, referred to as ageing and that must not be classified as a disease. This decline is genetically determined and regulated and is obtained with a progressive limitation of cell turnover through a sophisticated modulation of the telomere-telomerase system.
A lifestyle compatible with the ecological niche to which our species is adapted and good medical treatment permit the attainment of the highest life span defined by the genetic program of our species (within the limits of individual genetic peculiarities) but do not allow the overcoming of the maximal values of longevity defined by the same program.
To increase these values, it is indispensable to modify the genetic planning of ageing, with a different modulation of the telomere-telomerase system.
In principle, granted that this will be considered ethically acceptable, it is possible to propose a modification of that part of the genetic program that modulates ageing so that an unlimited survival is obtained, similar to the so-called “negligible senescence” observed for many animal and plant species.
A possible schedule to achieve this aim and the effects on human civilisation are outlined.

In the past, the inevitability of death was accepted by almost everyone. The purpose of healthcare was to lengthen life and cure disease, if possible, and to soften the blow of death. But death was still seen as inevitable. However, there always have been some people seeking the Fountain of Youth, and dreaming of eternal life. And so long as there were those who sold hope, there were those who bought it. That dream still exists, and the medical industry is selling hopes of immortality with anti-aging medicine, genetic engineering and modification, and robotics. If the human genome can program death, then it can be reprogrammed to block death, it is hoped. If organs fail, then they can be replaced with robotic parts, which could be even better than the original. It's a modern Fountain of Youth program, but with the most powerful technology humankind has ever had. And with millions of extremely wealthy people willing to pay for immortality, this technology will continue to develop rapidly. This leads to an inevitable question. Should medicine strive to end death? Or should medicine limit itself to assisting the natural processes of life, which includes death?

Dear colleagues, we invite you to take part in the largest editorial project on Inequality -
Mapping Global Inequality - Major Reference Work Book Series being published by
Springer Nature, United States.
The Series encompasses 30+ volumes, but we will publish individual calls for
contributions to each volume separately. In this call for contribution, we are particularly
seeking authors for the volume on: Inequality and Aging
we aim to address the following questions:
1. What does inequality mean for the elderly population?
2. How do we know there is gross inequality in the lives of elderly?
3. What does available data say about global inequality and ageing?
4. How are different societies across the globe tackling inequality with a growing
elderly population?

Fleisch steckt voller Nährstoffe und voller symbolischer Bedeutung. Das zeigt sich in den symbolischen Metamorphosen des Fleisches. Die Christen glauben an die wundersame Verwandlung von Brot und Wein in Fleisch und Blut Christi. Anabolika lassen bei Mensch und Tier das Fleisch wachsen. Beim Menschen heißt es Doping oder Anti-Aging. Jetzt haben Wissenschaftler und Ingenieure die Hoffnung, den Fleischkonsum der Menschen mit In-vitro-Fleisch zu befriedigen. Der Glaube an die Transsubstantiation ist dabei vielleicht eben so viel oder eben so wenig rational wie die Hoffnung, das In-vitro-Fleisch könne uns von dem Fluch der ethischen Konflikte befreien, die aus unserer Fleischeslust entstehen.

Meat is full of nutrients and full of symbolic meaning. This is evident in the symbolic metamorphoses of flesh. Christians believe in the miraculous transformation of bread and wine into the flesh and blood of Christ. Anabolic steroids make the flesh grow in humans and animals. In humans it is called doping or anti-aging. Now scientists and engineers have hopes to satisfy people's meat consumption with in vitro meat. The belief in transubstantiation is perhaps as much or as little rational as the hope that in vitro meat can free us from the curse of ethical conflicts that arise from our carnal desires.

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise de controvérsias na organização de práticas médicas anti-aging no Brasil. O objetivo é identificar os processos de legitimação de uma proposição médica que pretende contestar concepções médico-científicas hegemônicas por meio de uma perspectiva holística da saúde. A pesquisa foi realizada através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com médicos praticantes da Medicina Anti-aging, pacientes e representantes do Conselho Federal de Medicina, contrários a essas práticas; análise de documentos e participação em eventos organizados pelas entidades envolvidas.
Considera-se que, nas sociedades ocidentais, a legitimidade de práticas médicas depende da adequação aos padrões que constituem a biomedicina. Essa condição permeia as relações das várias formas de terapia vistas como “alternativas” com aquelas próprias do modelo biomédico. O lugar das práticas terapêuticas depende de um processo de legitimação em torno de uma ideia específica de cientificidade. A Medicina Anti-aging, contudo, emerge como um modelo crítico dentro do próprio modelo biomédico. Seus praticantes têm formação em instituições tradicionais de medicina e participam de entidades oficiais, ao mesmo tempo em que se organizam e atuam em um circuito próprio, estabelecido em tono do conceito de anti-aging. Em meio a acusações de charlatanismo e pseudociência, a Medicina Anti-aging se expande com um discurso de inovação e atualização científica em contraposição a um modelo concebido como conservador, excessivamente especializado, impessoal e inábil em lidar com as demandas da maior longevidade. Nesse sentido, a narrativa da Medicina Anti-aging é construída com referências a modelos não ocidentais de medicina em busca de uma abordagem integrada do paciente como uma totalidade: corpo- mente-espírito.
No trabalho são apresentadas as ambiguidades e contradições da narrativa da Medicina Anti-aging diante da necessidade de se consolidar como prática cientificamente constituída, ao passo em que contrapõe o modelo biomédico vigente. Destaca-se a prevalência da dicotomia natureza-cultura no processo de legitimidade científica como elemento desestabilizador da narrativa integrativa anti-aging.