Blockchain

We explore how digital technologies are helping address grand challenges to tackle climate change and promote sustainable development. With digital technologies, entrepreneurial organizations have adopted innovative approaches to tackle seemingly intractable societal challenges. We refer to these broadly as digital sustainability activities. By focusing on the digital toolbox employed by pioneering organizations, we propose a research agenda that generates novel questions for entrepreneurship, business models, and ecosystems as well as new ways of thinking about trust and institutional logics. We believe that digital sustainability can spur empirical advances in entrepreneurship, innovation, and strategy with potential for positive impact on society. Keywords sustainable, business models, technology and innovation management We observe a convergence of two seemingly disparate trends in business with consequences for climate emergency and the need for societal actors to take on expanded roles in the production of environmental and social value (Di Domenico et al., 2010; Embry et al., 2019; George et al., 2012; Howard-Grenville et al., 2014). Earth's dire situation has been brought to the fore by diverse stakeholders. The European parliament recently followed the UK and Canadian govern-scientists, the IPCC (2018) report on climate change and the devastating IPBES report on

Blockchain, the underlying technology that powers cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, is gaining so much attention from different industry stakeholders, governments and research communities. Its application is extending beyond cryptocurrencies and has been exploited in different domains such as finance, E-commerce, Internet of Things (IoT), healthcare, and governance. Some key attributes of the technology are decentralization, immutability, security and transparency. This paper aims to describe how permissioned Blockchain can be applied to a specific educational use case-decentralized verification of academic credentials. The proposed Blockchain-based solution, named 'CredenceLedger', is a system that stores compact data proofs of digital academic credentials in Blockchain ledger that are easily verifiable for education stakeholders and interested third party organizations.

This report was prepared throughout 2020, as a follow on of the 2019 report – There is No Such Thing as Blockchain Art, which covered the state of the intersection of blockchain and art. We also covered several artists that used blockchain as a medium, and explored different topics, such as memes and malware as conceptual art. The overarching consensus on the report was that there was a need for education and conscious cross-collaboration between communities in order to be able to both build products and grow the intersection ecosystem. At the time of writing, the gap between artists and technologists was too broad to claim there was actually a blockchain art ecosystem. This gap was mainly caused by the lack of collaboration between the two groups, in which one group mostly saw blockchain as a way to attract more funds, whereas the other saw artists as a user base that could easily grasp cryptocurrencies and the marketplaces UX easily.

In 2020 - 2021, the authors selected the text Pedagogy of The Oppressed by Paulo Freire and juxtaposed it with different cultures, technologies, phenomena and case studies, to prove the evolution of the state of the intersection between technology and culture in the past years.

This article describes an Integrated Decision Making Environment modeled after the human anatomy and various naturally occurring phenomena and processes, like swarming, and the human neural decision making process. Observing the natural fractals related to decision making, which can be clearly seen in bee swarms, ant colonies and human neurons, together with the organic capabilities of storing and distributing information using the DNA and the overall anatomy of the human body, we want to define a coherent organic Decision Making Environment custom-tailored for the human society by nature itself. In order to properly replicate the organic operating system used by the human body to govern itself we must first start looking at how data is distributed between cells and stored inside the DNA. In order to reproduce this kind of distributed and decentralized database we decided to use Blockchain technology as it shares a lot of the key properties with human DNA.

Distributed forecasting of agriculture commodity prices has an attractive research perspective that delivers active breakthrough analysis of the rapid fluctuations in pricing forecasts for participating stakeholders without being manually dispatched lists. The increased use of an
efficient forecasting mechanism for the agriculture information management of generated records and processing creates emerging challenges and limitations. These include new government mandates
and regulations, the price of land for expansion, forecasting the growing demand for commodities, fluctuations in the global financial market, food security, and bio-based fuels. Building and deploying distributed dynamic scheduling, management, and monitoring systems of agricultural activities for commodity price forecasting and supply chains require a significant secure and efficient approach. Thus, this paper discusses a collaborative approach where two different folds are demonstrated
to cover distinct aspects with different objectives. A metaheuristic-enabled genetic algorithm is designed to receive day-to-day agricultural production details and process and analyze forecast pricing from the records by scheduling, managing, and monitoring them in real-time. The blockchain hyperledger sawtooth distributed modular technology provides a secure communication channel between stakeholders, a private network, protects the forecasting ledger, adds and updates commodity prices, and preserves agricultural information and node transactions in the immutable ledger (IPFS). To accomplish this, we design, develop, and deploy two distinct smart contracts to register the system’s actual stakeholders and allow for the addition of node transactions and exchanges. The second smart contract updates the forecasting commodity pricing ledger and distributes it to participating stakeholders while preserving detailed addresses in storage. The simulation results of
the proposed collaborative approach deliver an efficient E-agriculture commodity price forecast with an accuracy of 95.3%. It also maintains ledger transparency, integrity, provenance, availability, and
secure operational control and access of agricultural activities.