Influence

A cognitive bias is a mistake in reasoning, evaluating, remembering, or other cognitive process, often occurring as a result of holding onto one's preferences and beliefs regardless of contrary information. There are as many as 180 known cognitive bias’.

Leveraging cognitive biasses may sound, well, manipulative… and at a certain level there’s no denying the impact they have in the decision making process. Let’s not forget, however, every form of communication is designed to influence in one way or another, marketing is not unique in that aspect. Our goal is not to manipulate, the implication being that we're acting only with our interests in mind and with unscrupulous tactics … No, our goal is to persuade; the difference being that everyone wins in the equation, and our reader has come to their decision fairly.
Here’s what you need to keep in mind, and this is a point I’ll repeat many times in this guide… If, and only if, you believe in your offers real value should you consider influencing your reader with these strategies. Let’s also not forget it’s your ethical, and often legal, responsibility to be truthful & transparent in your efforts to close the sale. When done well, and with integrity, you’ll come to find that not only do you have influence, but you're genuinely helping others with your offers in a sustainable way.
Let's now investigate a handful of “cognitive biases” and explore ways to ethically use them to increase the persuasive power of our marketing. Full: https://app.increase.academy/this-is-the-most-important-entrepreneur-skill by https://increase.academy

Influence and persuasion are gaining increased attention in warfare, but often social psychology approaches remain underused or neglected while this academic field has provided useful insights into this approach, especially as a non-kinetic capability. To effectively influence and persuade, we need to understand the adversary and the specific frame of reference of the relevant audience, which can be determined through Actor and Audience Analysis (AAA), a relatively new tool that has shown promising results. Based on the results of AAA, the communicator's characteristics and persuasion techniques must be tailored to the specific audience. This chapter will use delegitimisation of the adversary, specifically in the context of extremism and terrorism, as an example to demonstrate how influence and persuasion can be applied in a military context.

Este trabajo se propone llevar a cabo un recorrido por la presencia de la historia de Narciso en la obra de Luis Cernuda, permitiendo apreciar la evolución y el tratamiento que el autor sevillano confiere al mito, todo ello desde una dimensión diacrónica, a la luz de la revisión del concepto de tradición, pero partiendo de las teorías de H. Bloom acerca de la noción anxiety of influence, junto con las ideas de T. S. Eliot contenidas en los ensayos «The Tradition and the Individual Talent» y «What Is a Classic?» y las de E. Said, de forma complementaria, en relación al concepto de admiration for predecesors.

The notion of trust has evolved to become one of the many nebulous buzzwords centering around AI. This paper aims at showing that, with regards to human influenceability through AI, trust in AI is to be seen as problematic. Based on the notion of socio-technical epistemic systems, I will argue that the trust human agents have in AI is strongly related to what could be understood as algorithmic authority. The second part of this paper will then translate the elaborated line of argument to the field of social robotics.

Starch is known to be the principal carbohydrate constituent of many plant materials and this necessitate a detailed investigation to understand better its biochemical and functional characteristics because they are used by the food, paper, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile and other industries. In this study, starches were extracted from cocoyam and tiger nut using standard methods and were modified by oxidation, acetylation and pre-gelatinization and evaluated for chemical, functional, pasting properties and colour. The result shows that pre-gelatinization significantly (p<0.05) increases the solubility, viscosity and paste clarity of tigernut and cocoyam starches by 12.5 and 10.33%, 1065 and 2188.33 CP, 16.31% T and 23.33%T, respectively. Modification significantly (p<0.05) increases the water holding capacity of tigernut by 2.00% (acetylation), dual modification (1.77%), oxidized starch (1.55%). The water holding capacity of both the dual and modified tiger nut starches had no significant difference (p<0.05). Pre-gelatinization improves the swelling and solubility properties of cocoyam starch which was required in baking industry and also improved the viscosity which is useful in adhesive industries where high viscosity is required. Dual modified tigernut and cocoyam had high OAC of 0.75 and 1.07%, respectively, which was of great importance as fat acts as flavor retainer and increases the mouth feel of food. In this report, it shows that pregelatinized starch possessed the highest L* value (108.34) and the lowest chrome C* value (12.44), therefore it is desirable to meet consumer’s preference. From these results concluded that the undesirable properties in native cocoyam and tigernut starches could be overcome through the use dual-modification and pregelatinization.

Disinformation, the disruptive effects of social media, and the prospect of information warfare increasingly preoccupy national security thinkers. In the twentieth century, years of prewar and wartime propaganda by the Axis powers and the Soviet Union made the World Wars and the Cold War longer and more costly. In this century, China and North Korea represent two nations that have propagandized their populations for 70 years, hardening them against informational initiatives. What are the lessons? How should the United States assemble a strategy to counter propaganda's effects?

Ten middle school principals of Title I charter schools were interviewed in this qualitative, phenomenological narrative study to explore the influence of parental involvement on students’ success in Title I charter schools in Texas as perceived by middle school principals. Each interview was analyzed before combining them to develop a complete picture of the phenomenon. Coding and pseudonyms were used for each participant to maintain anonymity and confidentiality of data and records in the study. The findings suggest that most of the principals considered parental involvement as a combination of different expectations set for both parents and school. Thus, school and the parents must work together and take joint responsibility for the students’ education in school. Other findings from this study suggest that charter school principals are experiencing less parental involvement as students move from elementary to middle school. Finally, the findings from this study affirm that all principals strongly believe that parental involvement has a strong influence on students’ success.

The present study is consumer-oriented in nature, pertaining to the preference of the consumers in Chennai City. It focusses on certain objectives and based on survey method. The main purpose of the study is to know the Factors Influencing the Purchase the Two-Wheeler and Expectation of the Consumers in Purchase of Two wheeler. Majority of the consumers prefer comfort, good after sales service, and smooth suspension. Based on these factors, consumers prefer the two wheelers. So, it is suggested from the research survey that the companies should often conduct a research survey to know the consumers’ preferences. If the companies identify the preference factors, they can easily compete, and also improve their sales.

Raúl Álvarez Genes (Auronplay). Raúl Álvarez Genes, más conocido como Auronplay, nació el cinco de noviembre de mil novecientos ochenta y ocho (1988), en Badalona, ciudad en la que sigue viviendo hasta ahora. Raúl empezó a participar en Youtube desde muy jovencito. Es uno de los primeros Youtubers españoles. Antes incluso de que el término Youtuber fuera conocido. Empezó subiendo algún vídeo por eso de si ellos pueden yo también, que tenían ya bastante señas de lo que sería Auronplay hoy en día. Trabajó en una empresa de artes gráficas durante nueve años. En este tiempo, pasaría a dejar su relación con Youtube en standby, hasta que se dio cuenta de que algo estaba cambiando y se avecinaba el término Youtuber en España. En el año dos mil doce (2012) se subió al carro de nuevo y retomó su canal con más ganas que nunca, tanto, que llegó un momento en el que tuvo que decidir si continuar con su empleo o dedicarse ya de lleno al mundo de Internet y optó por lo segundo. Bingo. Los números y los éxitos no tardaron en llegar, y él a su estilo… Si, porque los Youtubers también tienen un estilo propio que los identifica y por sus propias palabras, no porque lo diga yo; el de Auron es el estilo cutre. Según aumentaba su alcance mediático tuvo que ir variando ligeramente el contenido de sus vídeos, pasando de vídeo críticas, en las que atacaba más directamente al autor, a analizar detenidamente las maravillas que nos aporta el mundo de Internet. Aunque el Festival de Tomordorland es ya todo un clásico, Aurum tiene vídeos incluso más visitados, llegando a los quince millones de visualizaciones en algunos, incluso lanzando al estrellato indirectamente a alguna que otra persona. Guiño guiño. Su retranca tan característica que ha servido para subirse a los escenarios con su amigo Wish Michu en los shows de Youplanet e incluso ha publicado un libro hace poco. Tiene muy claro que quiere dedicarse al mundo del espectáculo y se está labrando un gran camino, trabajando duro. Nos vemos sobre las tablas Aurum. Tus casi veintisiete millones de seguidores te están esperando. manuelverdugo.com

False information and by extension misinformation, disinformation and fake news are an ever-growing concern to modern democratic societies, which value the freedom of information alongside the right of the individual to express his or her opinions freely. This paper focuses
on misinformation, with the aim to provide a collation of current research on the topic and a discussion of future research directions. It argues that a major current issue is the lack of reliable verified datasets and, by extension, the algorithmic learning models based on them. Through the
understanding of different variations of false information, it has been possible to see the impact this absence is currently having on society. At the core is a focus on misinformation. A deeper investigation shows that artificial intelligence-based techniques are widely used to counter the
effects and confusion caused by misinformation. Potential consequences of misinformation are being highlighted to allow insight into potential issues that may arise from this form of false information to highlight the severity of the issue and to demonstrate the growing need for reliable
detection and prevention systems. Journal of Information Warfare (2022) 21.2: 105-120 105
ISSN 1445-3312 Print/ISSN 1445-3347 Online

Although information is nothing new to war or confl ict, the speed at which it reaches a much wider target audience, and thus its potential impact and consequences, is changing due to the rapid development of information and communications technology. Regime change and information warfare have been around for a very long time in the history of organised human societies. An undertaken review of academic literature demonstrates a great interest today to these concepts in academic, policymaking and practical terms. The present article attempts to track the evolution of the Western conceptual and theoretical thinking on the use of regime change and information warfare, seeking to understand the factors that precipitate it. In the paper I address the following, what is the relationship between information warfare and regime change? The high level of information and communications technology development and persisting leadership globally have allowed the United States to engage in regime change and information warfare more eff ective, although not without risks. The author considers the most illustrative examples of such engagement and, based on them, concludes that we have seen a shift in motivation from an off ensive stance (the desire to spread infl uence) to a defensive one (the desire to prevent other international actors from gaining infl uence and power) on the global level. The theoretical method chosen for the analysis is phenomenology, as a means of the reading and analysis of a lived experience as well as a qualitative method will be used to analyse the data, where the goal is to capture the complexity of the object of study. KEYWORDS hybrid warfare, information warfare, political warfare, regime change, evolving global order, information operations

Theories in Communication are widely discussed in the research arena; how Media exposure influence on audiences’ behavior and perception about TV program, movie, talk show or any reported news story. More importantly, theories are used in internet, social media, new media and mobile news consumptions. Past research studies revealed that there are numbers of theories has been used in reach studies related to mass media and online media but mostly, “Limited and selective effect theory” and “Uses and Gratification theory” have much relevance to exposure of and consumption of Space Journalism, Time Journalism, and Online Journalism. It has been concluded on the basis of reviewed studies on uses and gratification theory and limited and selective effect theory. Thus, media theories have significant effect on cognitive, social, political and entertainment behaviors.

l’adoption des nouvelles technologie d’information et de communication est la pierre angulaire de la performance des administrations publiques .Il n’est plus considéré comme un simple moyen pour rendre service aux usagers mais il est devenu le pilier primordial sur lequel repose la réussite et le succès des administrations en terme de services rendus aux usagers .
Pour disposer d’une administration efficace et performante , les décideurs publiques et politiques doivent s’intéresser à adopter les nouvelles technologies , disant tout un plan de réforme touchant l’ensemble des services au sein de l’administration , c’est une nécessité pour rendre un service efficace aux citoyen respectant les critères de délais et de performance .
La transformation digitale doit donc être l’un des objectifs majeures de chaque service au sein de l’administration vu ses apports et sa valeur ajoutée sur l’ensemble des services rendus aux citoyens dans le cadre de sa satisfaction , et l’amélioration de la relation de celui –ci avec l’ensemble des membres de l’administration , la transformation digitale est donc l’un des piliers fondamental de la performance de l’administration et de sa modernisation .

The rationale behind this book is my dissatisfaction with the current literature on international negotiation and influence. Reading most of the present research in cross-cultural management, communication, negotiation, leadership, and influence, I often ask myself: How do these models and theories apply to the real world?
Often they don’t. And this is for seven main reasons:
Reason 1: US bias in current research. More than 90% of research on negotiation and influence is based on less than 10% of humankind. Western, and above all US, ethnocentrism confines and biases our understanding of negotiation and influence elements and processes.
However, if we could shrink the Earth’s population (7 billion) to a village of exactly 100 people, there would be only 5 North Americans and 11 Europeans; the rest of the village would comprise 14 Africans, 9 South Americans, and 61 Asians, including 19 Chinese and 18 Indians.
Because US models and theories cannot explain, or even detect, occurrences that are exclusively significant to other cultures, they cannot be applied universally.
Reason 2: Theories based on rational negotiators. Most negotiation and influence models are based on the expected utility theory, fabricated on negotiators acting as rational players, and game theory frameworks.
Limited research on social influence, emotions, judgmental heuristics, and behavioral decision making has been applied to the negotiation and influence field. Most negotiation models, with the purpose of providing universal and tidy results, discount the intricacy of multidimensional negotiation and influence processes, neglecting fundamental psychological factors and the complexity of decision-making processes that involve multiple actors.
Reason 3: The use of nations as units for studying cultures. Most cross-cultural negotiation and influence books still adopt the term culture as a synonym of nation. Nations are not the best entities for studying cultures. Geographic boundaries are often just artificial and unnatural divisions. Nationality and culture are connected, but any generalization must take into account within-nation variances and the great deal of diversity among people in any culture.
Cultural dimensions are not independent variables, and most cultural differences are relative rather than absolute. Factors that are dominant in one culture tend to be recessive in another, and vice versa. Individuals can embrace opposite poles according to the situation and context
We should never forget that we communicate and negotiate with individuals, not nations.
Cultural boundaries are not national boundaries.
Reason 4: Abuse of the notion of culture in explaining international negotiation failures and cross-cultural communication misunderstandings. Many scholars agree that culture is just an artificial, abstract, and purely analytic concept. The problem is that culture is often adopted as a justification whenever differences in behavior among people from different parts of the globe must be explained. However, we can’t understand human behavior only through a cultural lens. Most current studies still focus on cultural influences on negotiation, without taking situational factors into account. Though important, culture is not the only contributor to an individual's negotiating and influencing behavior: We also need to consider two other key elements: the individual's personality and the social context in which the individual operates.
Without taking social context into consideration, we can’t recognize the adjustment of specific cultural patterns under particular circumstances. Indeed, sometimes what we identify as cultural barriers in communication are just language obstacles.
When comparing management and organizations in different nations, it is easy to attribute too much to societal culture. 
In the first session of a new student class, I used to write in capital letters: CULTURE DOESN’T EXIST. In the same way values don’t exist, dimensions don’t exist. They are constructs that have to prove their usefulness by their ability to explain and predict behavior. 
The real question is not does culture matter? but when does culture matter?
An individual’s motivation and context variables are key elements in determining the impact of culture and in understanding why the influence of culture is remarkable in some cases and insignificant in others.
Reason 5: The concept of culture as a static framework. In most cross-cultural management literature, cultural elements are considered static and invariant across situations and generations. However, most of today’s cultures differ from what they were just 5 or 10 years ago. Current models discount cultural change over time, even though change is occurring rapidly in many countries (e.g., the fast move from collectivism to individualism in the major cities of emerging economies). We need a dynamic framework to understand how cultures transform and modify.
Reason 6: Cross-cultural negotiation and influence theories based on questionable data. The use of data from simulations involving international managers enrolled in MBA programs in the United States raises an interesting question in cross-culture literature: Can these individuals be regarded as a relevant and illustrative sample of managerial behavior in different cultures? Does their decision to attend US MBA programs mean they are more Westernized and cosmopolitan than their average fellow countrymen?
Another problem that arises with class simulations is that, because they are built around conventional and simplifying assumptions, they often oversimplify the complex and multidimensional systems governing real-world negotiations.
Reason 7: Concepts such as power, interests, and, above all, best alternative to a negotiated agreement (BATNA) take on different implications in an international context. Understanding people’s interests, other than money, is strategic because interests motivate individuals and affect their behavior. Interests differ from individual to individual, and they are strongly influenced by culture, context, and circumstances.
Negotiation power doesn’t lie only in wealth, networks, authority, and status; the relative negotiation power of each party is primarily determined by the attractiveness of its option if no agreement is reached.
Most of the negotiation literature focuses on the concept of BATNA, the best alternative each side has if no agreement can be reached between the parties.
The BATNA is the reference against which the terms of the agreement should be assessed to determine if one should accept the deal or walk away and pursue alternatives.
However, the concept of BATNA doesn’t apply straightforwardly to complex international negotiations. Committing to only one course of action if the negotiation ends without an agreement could present a risk in multiparty, multidimensional, and unpredictable international negotiations held in a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) world. A better strategy calls for identification of multiple feasible alternatives (MATNAs).
Therefore, a better approach to international negotiations requires the identification and simultaneous pursuit of MATNAs.

Higher education deals with complex knowledge and university teaching should focus on conceptual understanding. Adequate knowledge structures are essential and active knowledge construction should be supported for meaningful learning. But traditional lectures mostly are structured by slides which may misleadingly cause linear representations of knowledge. In this study, a framework for digital concept maps was developed to complement lectures in human biology. The course was aimed at student science teachers at the undergraduate level. The work is based on theoretical research on computer-supported learning, on knowledge structures perspectives within learning environments as well as on self-determination theory. Each session was supplemented by a digital, multimedia-enriched concept map. After each single lecture, students had free access to the concept maps to reinforce the latest topics. The objective of the study was to examine if the use of complementary concept maps (i) influences achievement and (ii) if motivational variables influence the use of the concept maps. In both cases, influences of computer-user self-efficacy were expected (iii). The students' (N = 171) concept map use was logged, achievement was tested and motivational variables were surveyed (e.g. interest/ enjoyment, perceived competence, effort/ importance, value/usefulness). The logfile-data allowed distinguishing learners according to their concept map use. Results reveal the benefit of additional concept maps for achievement, positive motivational aspects and computer-user self-efficacy as mediating factors showed some influence. The emphasize of further research should be on students' active engagement in structuring their individual learning by constructing concept maps themselves, especially in science education courses.

Iulian Băicuș, Andre Makine, tratat despre război și feminitate. Răsfoind romanul lui Andrei Makine, Testamentul francez, publicat anul trecut de Editura Univers, am avut revelația unui mare scriitor. Romancierul de origine rusă, stabilit din anul 1990 în Franța, la Paris, și laureat al premiului Goncourt, și care a vizitat anul trecut Bucureștiul, ținînd o conferință de presă și lansând cartea printr-o conferință la Institutul Francez din București. Cînd am deschis cartea mi-au venit simultan în minte principala operă de război a lui Camil Petrescu, Ultima noapte de dragoste, Întîia noapte de război, și conferențiarul care vorbea despre Proust unor cucoane cam plictisite, Cred că Andrei Makine e un Camil Petrescu mult mai rafinat, el nu rupe cele două romane despre dragoste sau război această deficiență fiindu-i reproșată lui Camil de Călinescu. Asimilându-și scriitura proustiană, el construiește o ramă textuală, un spațiu al rememorării dominat de celebrele verbe la imperfect, acesta va înghiți paginile din romanul războiului, neuitând niciodată celălalt roman, cel al iubirii. Dispar la Andrei Makine paginile din Swann despre gelozie, ale eroului turmentat de aceasta, iar scenele de război sunt filtrate în Testamentul francez de conștiința de burete a bunicii, Charlotte Norbertovna Lemonnier. Rezolvând o chestiune de construcție, Andrei Makine îl depășește pe Camil Petrescu și în materie de sensibilitate. Pentru că tema esențială a romanului rămâne criza aceasta identitară a unui francez de origine rusă, sau a unui rus de origine franceză. În timpul conferinței autorul explica cele două ascendențe nu doar genetic, prin sânge, ci mai ales prin faptul că stăpânește perfect cele două limbi, rusa și franceză, care îi oferă șansa accesului la cele două coduri culturale. Codul francez, în care limba este sufocată de tradiția unei mari culturi, a cărei dominație s-a întins mai ales în secolul XIX și până la jumătatea secolului XX, acum aflată într-o pierdere de viteză. Codul rusesc este reprezentantul altei culturi vechi, care a contribuit la renașterea și refecundarea culturii occidentale, Makine fiind ultimul dintre barbarii care au descălecat la Paris, care arată cam can filmele lui Nichita Mihalkov. Un alt năvălitor barbar era acel rus alb care cobora în America via Europa după aceea va reuși să-i scandalizeze pe pudicii sau puritanii săi cititori americani, lansând motivul nimfetei sale din Lolita. Citind literatura celor doi se cunoaște ceea ce un scriitor român, Costache Olăreanu, denumea ucenicia la clasici, adică la Lev Tolstoi, Cehov, Turgheniev sau Dostoievski, care oricât de mult near afecta îi cam lipsește lui Camil Petrescu, cel care ucenicise la autori francezi ca Stendhal, Proust, sau Flaubert, care la rândul lor au învățat să scrie romane de la marii autori ruși mai sus citați. Makinii de origine română sunt, în opinia mea Panait Istrati, Benjamin Fondane sau Emil Cioran, cel care avea să reinventeze sintaxa limbii franceze. Dar să revenim la romanul lui Andrei Makine. Romanul său este întâi de toate un album de fotografii, un tratat de feminitate întrerupt din loc în loc de un tratat de supraviețuire. Cel mai semnificativ lucru mi se faptul că romanul începe cu o lecție despre zâmbet. Dincolo de timp, rusoaicele au fost învățate să pronunțe " petite pomme " , două cuvinte magice de către Charlote Norbertovna. Există în acel teanc de fotografii o femeie în pufoaică, cu o căciulă cu clape, care ține în brațe un copil și care parcă uitase să mai zâmbească. Andrei Makine e un Marcel care a a crescut într-un lagăr de concentrare iar femeia din poză este chiar mama lui. În vreme ce miza căutării timpului pierdut din romanul lui Marcel este una minoră, răsturnînd ordinea evenimentelor doar pentru a-și petrece timpul său liber sau de pierdut, pentru acesta timpul se umple de spleen. Andrei, naratorul din Testamentul francez, nenumit astfel, caută trecutul într-o fantasmagorică Atlantidă franceză, din dorința de alipi cioburile propriei sale identități, sparte de alții. Romanul său lasă însă impresia cititorului că are de-a face cu un vas foarte vechi sau foarte prețios, o amforă grecească sau un vas chinezesc din dinastia Tang, prinse între ele în liantul rememorării proustiene. Iar aceste fragmente aduc cu pasaje din romanele istorice pe care Andrei le-a citit, Război și pace, Doctor Jivago, Calvarul, Pe Donul liniștit. Charlotte, personajul care alunecă și se strecoară prientre războaie, reține ca o cameră neagră rămasă după accidentul unei aeronave, toate detaliile unei tragedii istorice. În acest context grozăviile războiului nu mai sperie pe nimeni. Sunt evocați pe rând bătrânul cu aspect de insectă, hrănit cu carne de om, caii morți scoși cu gălețile din fântâni, o sabie care rămăsese înfiptă în șeaua unui cal care amintea de călărețul care fusese tăiat în două bucăți, de parcă am

This article develops a critical analysis of Instagram’s influencer economy by introducing and unpacking a phenomenon we call shoppable life. The term shoppable life is intended to capture the ideas that (1) social media users perform lifestyles whose constituent elements can be bought and (2) sociality increasingly unfolds within platforms that encode marketplace logics and capacities into their designs. Drawing on literatures about consumer culture, celebrity, and digital labor; interviews with 25 participants in Instagram’s influencer economy; and industry texts, we elucidate the power dynamics and contradictions manifested in constructing a shoppable life. We emphasize how social media users navigate the imperative to produce an “authentic” but branded and monetizable self, the personal risk they bear in doing so, and the stakeholders who mediate and profit from these productions. We also highlight conceptual points of entry for critical attention to the logic of shoppability, which increasingly pervades spaces and cultures.

In response to increased consumer empowerment and frugality, many business-to-consumer (B2C) firms now negotiate “deals” with customers. Understanding how buyer and seller inputs affect negotiation outcomes is important because successful completion, or a closed sale, results in perceived value (based on the negotiated price) for both the customer and the seller. We suggest negotiation is influenced by the persuasion knowledge of the customer and the negotiation strategies used by the salesperson to manage conflicts that arise during the process. Using unique dyadic data from the automotive industry that combines multisource (salesperson and customer) survey data with objective purchase price information, we find that price outcomes and customer satisfaction depend on the different interactions of customer persuasion knowledge and salesperson negotiation strategies. The results suggest that perceived value may be generated for both the selling firm and the customer based on these unique inputs.

The massive popularity of manga (Japanese comic) has led it to be translated into different kinds of language in the world, especially English. Here in Indonesia, the translated versions are two; in Indonesian, which are available in printed or online media, and in English, which are available only on the online media. Despites their origins, English translated mangas are authentic English literature. The reason being that the translated versions are written by a team including a bilingual Japanese-English translator and a native English-speaking translator-editor, who ensures that the text is natural and meaningful. Based on relation between manga and English, this research aims to probe the influence of English translated manga to the English reading comprehension among Indonesian High School students who frequently read English translated mangas. By using a questionnaire, 15 students who read English translated mangas in High School 1 in South Tambun were used as respondents. The questionnaire was administered at the end of 2014. The research questions are related to their activity of reading mangas and their reading skills that they acquired from reading mangas. Statistically, the results showed that H1 was rejected. Nevertheless, the result shows that it does not mean that English translated manga does not have any influences at all to the students’ reading comprehension. In descriptive elaborations, it showed that there are influences, yet the influences are so slight that they did not meet the standard adequacy for signifying that a hypothesis is accepted.

This is a historical and analytical study of Ragtime for Eleven Instruments by Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971). From a traditional ragtime stylistic approach (SCHAFER; RIEDEL, 1973. BERLIN, 1980), this study aims to search for evidence of popular elements in the compositional material of Ragtime for Eleven Instruments and any influence of ragtime arrangements in Stravinsky's piece. Disregarding historical evidence and statements by the composer himself who claimed to have had contact with instrumental parts of ragtime arrangements brought from America by his friend Ernest Ansermet, this comparative music analysis shows similar musical features between Ragtime for Eleven Instruments and examples from the High-Class Standard Rags collection.

E-learning platforms are a powerful tool that provides substantial improvements in the academic performance of students in distance learning courses and constitute an important support for the acquisition of skills. This paper explores whether these advantages also apply in blended learning courses (Moodle platform), where face-to-face interactions might attenuate them. Specifically, we asked whether the usage of online resources by students in blended learning courses also influences their performance. Particularly, we focus on evaluating the acquisition of theoretical and practical knowledge. The data for our study comes from 256 students in a Business Administration course. We use regression analyses to explain how Moodle platform usage influences academic performance in terms of both types of skills. We have found that the intensity of resources usage and their variety influence learning outcomes. This beneficial effect can be moderated by learning outcomes measurement and by students' previous abilities.

There are various forms of literary exchanges in the world of literature, and there are few literatures that have developed in a closed circle without going beyond their borders. In this context, Arabic and Persian literature due to the geographical proximity and the prevalence of common customs compared to other nations have experienced greater cultural, literary, scientific and social exchanges. Sa’di, the renowned poet of 7th century, has been significantly influenced by Arabic literature.  One of the poets whose works had fascinated Sa’di was Abolfath Basti, the poet of 4th century, who became famous during his lifetime for poems rich of wisdom and erudition. In this paper, which seeks to investigate the influence of Abolfath Busti on Sa’di, a descriptive-analytical method has been adopted to explore different aspects of this inspiration. The findings suggest that Busti’s poems, Sa’di’s travels to Eastern regions and his companionship of scholars who had incorporated Busti’s poems in their works, are some of the extra textual reasons that explain the impact of Busti on Sa’di. This influence is evident from an intertextual perspective in rhetorical and thematic strains of Sa’di’s poems. Extraterritorial factors related to historical issues suggest that the reputation of the Busti’s poetry and its dissemination in the eastern and western parts of the world on the one hand and numerous Sa'di’s trips to the east on the other hand reinforce the possibility of reading the works of Busti. Studies on the rhetorical levels of language used by both poets reveal rhetorical adaptations of Busti’s poetry at two levels of poetic images and proverbs in the poetry of Sa'di, but it does not mean that these adaptations are the outcome of pure imitation devoid of any ingenuity. As for thematic adaptation, it was concluded that a significant part of the wisdom shared in the world of these two poets come from common source, which is because both poets have been inspired by a shared source of beliefs. These poems reflect a variety of Islamic sources has been reflected. Accordingly, Sa'di's exploitation of Islamic wisdoms has created a set of shared themes between his poems and that of Basti, among which the following can be cited: thankfulness of God, instability of the world, philanthropy, respect for other people, patience and forbearance.

Développer le marketing d'influence est une approche de plus en plus reconnue pour améliorer le développement commercial des entreprises. Cette stratégie d'influence est d'autant plus pertinente qu'elle peut être un accélérateur de votre prospection digitale, de vos activités de génération de leads et plus généralement des actions de marketing digital que vous êtes susceptibles de mettre en oeuvre. FORCE PLUS étant particulièrement actif dans le développement de ces activités de Ventes 2.0, il était naturel que nous interrogions le général Bruno MIGNOT qui est un spécialiste reconnu de l'influence depuis plus de 20 ans. Développer le marketing d'influence-Entretien du Général Bruno MIGNOT avec FORCE PLUS. Qu'est-ce que l'influence ? Bruno MIGNOT-Avant de parler comment développer le marketing d'influence, définissons d'abord ce qu'on entend par influence. L'influence est consubstantielle à l'activité économique. Quand vous vous adressez à un client, quand vous le convainquez du bien-fondé d'acheter votre produit ou de faire appel à vos services, que faites-vous d'autre que d'influencer son jugement ? En agissant sur ses perceptions, l'influence permet d'amener une personne, un collège de décideurs ou une organisation à revoir son positionnement. C'est un travail de longue haleine ! Fonction stratégique à part entière, le marketing d'influence inscrit en effet son action dans la durée en façonnant une identité propre à l'entreprise et en valorisant des

Existential theories and Humanistic psychology are widely used in education. According to existentialists, fundamental problem of philosophy is Valuation and choice. Making existential methods in the classroom requires a balance in which both teachers and students as human beings preserve its identity. Existentialist philosopher and humanist psychologists advocate the kind of teaching and learning methods that focus on the learner and Care about individual differences. The research objective was identifying the teaching methods and the characteristics of each one supported by this approach. This research was done using qualitative content analysis and reviewing literature on the subject was published. The method of data analysis was thematic coding by using deductive category application. The results showed that the existentialists emphasized on the relation "I-you" between teacher and student thus support the teaching methods that consider individual patterns and indirect instructions. These methods cause growth of efficient relations and positive self-concept. Such methods are dialogue; Learner-centered method and developing positive self-concept. Existential education goals cannot be predetermined and cannot the teacher and the educational system impose to students. Everyone assumes responsibility for its education. So, the teaching methods which develop concepts related to individual growth or focus on the learner are supported by this sect.

Influencers have monopolized media attention in recent years, the result of a long process lasting two decades dating from the rise of blogging at the beginning of the twenty-first century. In this article, I set out the historical framework in which the social media practitioners known as fashion bloggers and influencers have emerged and developed as relevant players in the field of fashion. I propose a reading of fashion blogging and influencing as a process articulated in four stages between 2000 and 2020. These two decades, marked by a progressive institutionalization of social media practice in the field of fashion, saw the advent of Instagram-based influencers in the second half of the 2010s and their continuing domination of fashion platforms, and TikTok’s rise in relevance in the same field during the early 2020s. I first explore the rise of fashion blogs in the early 2000s and the scholarly debate regarding its characteristics. I then frame the transition from blogging to Instagram, not just as a change of platform, but as an opportunity for the invention of a new occupation, the influencer, and the consecration of the business of influence. Lastly, I critically examine the concepts of influence and influencer.

Propaganda is a mechanism of the information domain that attempts to shape and influence the cognitive domain concerning events and processes that are located in the physical domain. It is a very deliberate tool that is intended to mobilise public sentiment through creating an environment that is dominated by an emotional form of logic, often in a very binary ‘reality’ involving a series of radical opposites.
The use of rhetoric is an essential element in the application of propaganda within the setting of information warfare, which forms of the basis of the appeals and emotional conditioning. This application has been witnessed in the Syrian conflict from the very beginning, where the propaganda of aversion (Assad – “bad”) is contrasted against the propaganda of attraction (‘rebels’ – “good”). Ultimately this concerns the various audiences’ perceptions and opinions of the Syrian war and especially the intangible aspects of political legitimacy/illegitimacy. Seeming ‘small’ or ‘trivial’ details are in fact key to influencing and persuading an audience to think and act in a pre-determined manner.
This chapter will show the importance and relevance of the details that go into scripting the propagandistic narrative as a means of shaping the cognitive domain through distorted and manipulated material in the information domain, which in turn is used as a means to form public consent on a policy issue. Four newspapers have their content analysed in the first four days in the wake of an alleged chemical attack in Douma, Syria. This content was consistent in nature and followed a propaganda role where media acted as an instrument of war.

This paper aims at analysing the influence of actual and verified historical facts on J.K. Rowling's Wizarding World. It was made as part of my masters degree at the  Université de Lorraine in Metz, France, and was supervized by one of my teachers. I hope you'll find it interesting.

This research aims to seek out and determine the influences of Overseas Filipino
Workers to their children's choice if course a career among the high school students,
specifically the grade 9 and 10 students of S.Y. 2019-2020. It helps in determining the
relationship of the factors and influence of Parents over their children’s career. The
total number of respondents compromised of Grade 9 and Grade 10 students consisting
a total of 89 students. A likert-scale and a survey checklist was used to gather data in
terms of: years of stay in the UAE, Parent’s Career, Factors in choosing a job. In return,
the data summarized lead to a conclusion that great number of responses came from
students whose parents are both working under Health and Safety, and Asia as their
most preferred work place and salary being the most important factor in choosing their
job. to summarize all the given data, the usage of FPR and one-way analysis of variance
(ANOVA) was utilized. After gathering of all data, it determined and interpreted that
the formulated Null hypotheses in the beginning of the research which helped them
determine the outcome of the data gathered that incorporated the specifics and
information that correlates in answering what are the influences of OFW Parents in
their Children’s choices regarding careers.

This article provides definitions for the conscious and subconscious minds, and shows their relation with the subliminal messages which are also defined. The subliminal CD's, the way they function, and how they are recorded are explained in details. In addition, an interview with an expert in subliminal messages was conducted to enrich the article with more technical details. Moreover, the main objective of the research study was to show the effectiveness of the subliminal messages, and therefore to prove the influence they have on people's choices in the auditory system. For this purpose, two experiments were carried out. The results proved that the experimental hypothesis is true: subliminal messages affect and influence the participants' choice.