Kultura Oksywska

Papers from an international conference on the chronology of the Pre-Roman Iron Age held at University of Copenhagen 1992. With contributions from Poland, Germany, Denmark, Sweden and Norway. Contributors: Ryszard Wolagiewicz, Horst Keiling, Monika Rasch, Per-Oscar Nybruget, Claus Kjeld Jensen, Jes Martens, Uffe Rahbek, Kaare Lund Rasmussen, Påvel Nicklasson and Per Ole Rindel. The report is sold out.

The paper aims at demonstrating a southeast European origin of the Gundestrup cauldron and at giving its origin and way to Denmark a context. It is argued that the cauldron was brought to its final resting place along routes that have long traditions - ie. the route that connected the Baltic with the Black Sea.

The paper deals with the LT C and LT D brooches found in Poland, which can be seen as a trace of close relations with the 'Boian' zone of La Tene culture. Imported specimens, as well as local products are discussed. The first ones can be interpreted as trade goods or as an evidence of the presence of Celtic people (women) in the Germanic settlement area, thus suggesting personal relationships. The latter ones, on the other hand, prove direct contacts of the Germanic and the Celtic ('Boian') craftsmen.
Moreover, in the case of 'trade' interpretation, the course of so called 'Amber Route' during the Late La Tene period is also discussed.

The paper revises the chronology of the weapon burials in Scandinavia in the light of the new Pre-Roman Iron Age chronology of Jutland suggested by the author in 1995 (see Praehistorische Zeitschrift vol. 71.2, 1996, pp. 217-243). This enables the author to split up the material into three chronological "waves" with different diagnostic types spreading from different centres. The meaning of the weapon burial rite is discussed and it is demonstrated that there is no direct link between weapons and other wealth indicating goods in the graves, neither between the equipment and the possible role the person played in actual warfare. The choice of equipment in the grave is a strictly ideological expression.

During the last two centuries BC, iron became the most frequently used metal to produce armaments and tools and various dress accessories on Polish territories. Objects made of bronze are relatively scarce for most of the Late Pre-Roman Period, especially in the Przeworsk Culture, and to a lesser extent in the Oksywie Culture. So far, however, no question has been asked who was the user of bronze ornaments and pieces of clothing discovered in Poland, and why are they so few?

Sword is one of the most important identifiers of elite character of the burial in the Przeworsk Culture. The way of wearing double-edged sword is determined by scabbard slide and strap that passes through the slide. The side on which the sword was worn is also incontrovertible. More complicated dilemma can be observed while working on the interpretation of one-edged swords and their suspension system. In some cases there are preserved scabbard clasps and mounts still attached to the blade. This could happen when grave inventory was burnt together with sword hidden in its carrying case. By analysing the placement of the suspension rings with attached strap, we can get answers to such questions as: which side of the body was worn particular sword, what was its inclination towards the body and how high it was suspended. The sole interpretation of research results could give us incomplete view of the past. Running some tests with reconstructed artefacts could significantly influence an...

Artykuł stanowi opracowanie materiałów z osady kultury oksywskiej pozyskanych w trakcie prac wykopaliskowych prowadzonych na stanowisku 1 w Głuszynie, gm. Potęgowo, woj. słupskie w latach 1977 – 1996. Artykuł zawiera lokalizację stanowiska, charakterystykę źródeł i metod badawczych. Następnie przedstawiono wyniki analizy materiału archeologicznego, na którą złożyła się analiza makromorfo- i mikromorfologii ceramiki naczyniowej, zdobnictwa i ogólnych cech technologicznych ceramiki naczyniowej oraz omówienie zabytków wydzielonych z osady.
W dalszej części zaprezentowano charakter zabudowy osady i omówiono poszczególne kategorie obiektów archeologicznych. Następnie przedstawiono chronologię osady i próbę rekonstrukcji podstaw gospodarczych ludności zamieszkującej w pradziejach osadę w Głuszynie. Zakończenie artykułu zawiera krótką charakterystykę stanu badań osadnictwa kultury oksywskiej

Analysed skeletal remains (eight skulls) come from six inhumations of the Oksywie culture, recorded during archaeological excavations on the Roman period cemetery at Drawsko Pomorskie, Drawsko Pomorskie district at the beginning of the 20 th century. The aim of the analysis was to describe a state of preservation and biological characteristics of the buried people.

Before WWII Carl-Axel Moberg visited several museums and Collections in eastern Prussia, Danzig, Northern Poland and East Pommerania. During the final stagers of the war many of these places were scenes of battles and much went lost. Thus today the only source to these materials is the notes of researchers such as C.-A. Moberg.