Players

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the strength and anthropometric characteristics of elite and semi-elite tenpin bowlers as compared to non-bowlers, and to establish whether it was possible to discriminate playing level through selected predictor variables. Elite and semi-elite bowlers were distinguished by their bowling score average (BS ave), with participants scoring 200 pin falls and above assigned to the elite group. Eighteen elite bowlers (M=10, F=8; BS ave 213.2± 6.80), 12 semi-elite bowlers (M=7, F=5; BS ave 181.3± 9.36) and 33 sedentary university students (M=14, F=19) were recruited. Anthropometric measurements were taken and isometric arm strength was recorded. Between-group differences were identified through a two-way ANOVA, while discriminant analysis was used to predict group membership. For anthropometric characteristics, the results indicated that the elite bowlers were heavier, had longer lower leg and hand length and had a wider arm span as compared to the non-bowlers. The elite group also had stronger forearm/wrist internal rotation compared to non-bowlers. In addition, the male elite group were stronger than the non-bowling group for arm flexion. There appeared to be a 54% success rate for predicting group membership from selected anthropometric and strength discriminating variables, with forearm/wrist internal rotation strength being the best discriminating variable. It is suggested that coaches should benefit by selecting larger built bowlers with long limbs. Furthermore, bowlers could potentially gain by paying extra attention to increasing the strength levels of forearm/wrist internal rotators and arm flexors during training. These findings also provide normative data for elite and semi-elite bowlers.

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Purpose: Today, in many developed countries, talent management throughout is the long-term process, under the supervision of expert executive managers and coaches, has been done and is an important concept in football. Therefore, in many developed countries, talented people can come to talent programs and received trained continuously to become professional players. Method: In this study, based on German's football talent management program, and procedure informed by Sandelowski and Barroso's qualitative meta-synthesis. Results: The suggested model has three sections: 1- hardware system, 2- software system, and 3- many subsystems that are collaborating in an executive context. Achievements of this program are not just the detection of talented young players at an early age, but rather a long-term process that is a high-level management program, which, for full success, requires collaboration between many organizations such as the government, football association, footballlea...

Purpose: Today, in many developed countries, talent management throughout is the long-term process, under the supervision of expert executive managers and coaches, has been done and is an important concept in football. Therefore, in many developed countries, talented people can come to talent programs and received trained continuously to become professional players. Method: In this study, based on German's football talent management program, and procedure informed by Sandelowski and Barroso's qualitative meta-synthesis. Results: The suggested model has three sections: 1-hardware system, 2-software system, and 3-many subsystems that are collaborating in an executive context. Achievements of this program are not just the detection of talented young players at an early age, but rather a long-term process that is a high-level management program, which, for full success, requires collaboration between many organizations such as the government, football association, football leagu...

This dissertation investigates how players interpret protagonists in character-focused video games, highlighting the prevalence of white, straight, and male characters, limiting diversity representation. Non-demographic-fitting players are often expected to adopt these characters for engagement. Recognising the impact of unequal representation is crucial, prompting an internet-based mixed-method survey distributed on Reddit to explore player responses.

Results indicate a widespread desire for improved representation, with participants asserting that diversifying characters would not harm existing representation but would support underrepresented individuals. Identified barriers to change include ingrained social norms, values, and developer comfort with assumed target audiences.

Concerns about tokenization and stereotypes exist among participants advocating for diversity. The study recommends: 1) Future research should focus on marginalised identities to address biases in participant responses. 2) A theoretical approach recognising varied player perspectives, as marginalised players may not prioritise representation, while dominant groups may dislike changes to their representation. 3) Academic settings, particularly in game development courses, should integrate sessions addressing contemporary representation issues and how harmful ideologies manifest through player-created protagonists.

Purpose: Today, in many developed countries, talent management throughout is the long-term process, under the supervision of expert executive managers and coaches, has been done and is an important concept in football. Therefore, in many developed countries, talented people can come to talent programs and received trained continuously to become professional players.
Method: In this study, based on German's football talent management program, and procedure informed by Sandelowski and Barroso's qualitative meta-synthesis.
Results: The suggested model has three sections: 1-hardware system, 2-software system, and 3-many subsystems that are collaborating in an executive context. Achievements of this program are not just the detection of talented young players at an early age, but rather a long-term process that is a high-level management program, which, for full success, requires collaboration between many organizations such as the government, football association, football leagues, clubs, academies, education schools, football schools, coaches, and players.
Conclusions: According to results, the growing process of this cycle and its periodic revision show the brilliant future of the German football community in gaining championship and promoting the national identity of Germany over the years. We hope that by studying this system we can introduce it to the researchers and officials in developing countries, who are interested in furthering a developmental view of football.

Sports is such an activity wherein lot of physical effort is required. A physically fit person has always been found to be better. However, being physically fit is not enough. One has to be emotionally stable as well to perform better. The present is an attempt to understand the same. The present study is based on a survey of 100 school students of Chandigarh region. The study revealed that the National players had exhibited better than their counterparts at inter-school level and non-players. Also it was found that the male players had demonstrated better than their counterpart female players.

The study done in this prospective is based on an artificial intelligence system, Globe Expert, which is the only one capable of considering what could happen in a hundred years with objectivity and neutrality. To the question of the triggering cause of humankind’s expansion into outer space, its answer is quite clear: a major crisis of the biosphere. Then, who takes the decision? Without hesitation, Globe Expert points out the transfer of responsibilities to international organizations and private players. The procedure of space exploration emerges as a necessity to understand, anticipate, manage and resolve the Earth’s issues. It is as if the states, by refocusing on earthly problems, have delegated to private players the task of finding solutions and have delegated to international organizations the charge of coordinating and managing this formidable mission. As for the pioneers, they necessarily subscribe to a new vision of society and to the economy of civilization, supported by international organizations that are indispensable for rethinking complex human organizations both on Earth and in outer space. The conclusion of Globe Expert is remarkably simple: the place of human beings is central. At no time, is it challenged by advanced technologies. This positioning is structured by philosophical bearings. Globe Expert concurs with the thought of Teilhard de Chardin by showing that nothing can be done and nothing will be done outside of this “human phenomenon”.

The purpose of this study was to determine the social. Intelligence of players and Non-players of Vidarbha region. To solve this problem 1080 subjects were selected. Out of which 540 players and 540 Non-players were randomly selected from Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati and Rashtrasnat Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagput of Vidarbha region. The age of the subjects were in-between 18 to 25 years. The data of their social Intelligence was obtained by using questionnaire developed by Dr. N.K. Chadha and Usha Ganesan, P.G. Department of psychology, University of Delhi. The 'Z test' was used to analyze the obtained data. Results indicated that significant difference was found between players and Non-players of Vidarbha region in their social Intelligence.

As it is well known good physical fitness is the key to success for any sportsperson. However, being physically fit is not enough. One must also have good mental ability to perform better. The present is an attempt to understand the same. The present study is based on a survey of 100 school students of Chandigarh region. The study revealed that the female national players had exhibited significantly better general mental ability than their counterpart male national players. Also, the male players demonstrated significantly better general mental ability than their counterpart male non-players.

Sports has a potential to reinforce the elements in the cultural and social structures and creates them in a new form. The purpose of this study was to examine the spectators’ behavior pathology in sports stadiums of Guilan, Iran. The method of this study was descriptive in terms of strategy, survey in terms of execution, and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this study was spectators, coaches, referees, and players in Guilan. The collected data were classified by descriptive statistical methods and were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and ANOVA. The Cronbach’s Alpha method was used to determine the reliability of the test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the studied variables, and  the independent variables in the equation could predict and explain variances and changes in the dependent variable. Correlation between environmental factors and spectator behavior was 0.751 and the stadium in the occurrence of aggressive behavior was 0.474. The creation of corrective approaches in the current approach of media for popular sports and the reinforcement of the valuable and moral content of press and TV programs can be more effective. In addition, the necessary communication trainings for the responsible forces of the security of the stadiums and other executive factors of tournaments can be effective in order to respect for the spectators.

Concerning levels of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMD) among flute players have been reported over a number of decades. However, recent research indicates that many flute players do not receive sufficient training in injury prevention during their studies. Identifying risks and preventing injuries is central to occupational, health and safety, yet there is little emphasis on this topic in instructional flute books and methods. Improving the ergonomic set-up of musicians is one way of minimising the risk of playing-related injuries occurring. This article recommends six injury prevention strategies based on ergonomic principles that flute teachers and band directors can apply in individual and ensemble teaching settings.

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the strength and anthropometric characteristics of elite and semi-elite tenpin bowlers as compared to non-bowlers, and to establish whether it was possible to discriminate playing level through selected predictor variables. Elite and semi-elite bowlers were distinguished by their bowling score average (BS ave), with participants scoring 200 pin falls and above assigned to the elite group. Eighteen elite bowlers (M=10, F=8; BS ave 213.2± 6.80), 12 semi-elite bowlers (M=7, F=5; BS ave 181.3± 9.36) and 33 sedentary university students (M=14, F=19) were recruited. Anthropometric measurements were taken and isometric arm strength was recorded. Between-group differences were identified through a two-way ANOVA, while discriminant analysis was used to predict group membership. For anthropometric characteristics, the results indicated that the elite bowlers were heavier, had longer lower leg and hand length and had a wider arm span as compared to the non-bowlers. The elite group also had stronger forearm/wrist internal rotation compared to non-bowlers. In addition, the male elite group were stronger than the non-bowling group for arm flexion. There appeared to be a 54% success rate for predicting group membership from selected anthropometric and strength discriminating variables, with forearm/wrist internal rotation strength being the best discriminating variable. It is suggested that coaches should benefit by selecting larger built bowlers with long limbs. Furthermore, bowlers could potentially gain by paying extra attention to increasing the strength levels of forearm/wrist internal rotators and arm flexors during training. These findings also provide normative data for elite and semi-elite bowlers.

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