Political Regime

Abstract: This paper investigates the effects of foreign aid on the survival of political regimes by distinguishing between financial aid, which can be misused by the ruling political party in order to remain in power at the expense of the productive capacity of the country, and political aid, which enhances the probability of regime alteration. To this end, we construct a simple model for the behavior of the ruling party and we derive a number of testable hypotheses. We investigate empirically these effects using data from 70 aid-recipient countries covering the period 1984-2002 and we find evidence that support the central predictions of the model.

The central argument of this dissertation is to examine how the political regime which emerged from the Mexican Revolution confused its own security with the security of the Nation-State between 1928 and the year 2000. Nevertheless, that was the type of relationship supported by Washington because it helped to preserve its own interests of stability and security in its Southern

Social Language Processing (SLP) is introduced as an interdisciplinary approach to assess social features in communications by terrorist organizations and authoritarian regimes. The SLP paradigm represents a rapprochement of theories, tools and techniques from cognitive science, communications, computational linguistics, discourse processing, language studies and social psychology. The SLP paradigm consists of three broad stages:(1) linguistic feature identification;(2) linguistic feature extraction; and (3) classifier development. In this ...

This paper offers a critical exploration of the term ‘governance’, its rise to prominence within EU political discourse, and the new forms of authority and expertise it has come to be associated with within the EU’sevolving political regime. Its argues that a critical understanding of EU governance might be advanced ifscholars look beyond the conventional political science literature (where governance

In recent years, the detrimental effects of bureaucratic corruption gained attention from development economists as well as interna- tional financial institutions and policymakers. Corruption, which was previously ignored and mentioned only with caution, has taken a center stage. Nonetheless, corruption is not a new phenomenon. It is as old as government itself. The current literature on corruption high- lights its

... a progressive rhetoric of social change in order to sustain and extend as much as ... During theGonzález era, the Socialist Party attempted to build a comprehensive, integrative system to ... and distortions) among different classes of social actors, rather than an end state or condition ...

This study compares the patterns of women's employment in four major Asian economies: China, India, Japan and South Korea. It illuminates how the heterogeneous characteristics of political regimes, institutional arrangements and societal values are manifested in the employment system and human resources of each country. It also reveals the varying cultural, social and institutional forces that prevail, despite similar outcomes

After a relatively fallow period in the 1990s, the general form and functions of states are once again returning to the top of the agenda, both theoretically and practically. This is particularly evident in the wake of the world economic crisis that became increasingly visible from mid-2007 onwards and has since triggered a radical restructuring of the state system and

En este articulo se expone la crisis democratica contemporanea como una crisis de credibilidad desencadenada por la “solidificacion burocratica de la politica” en el modelo elitista imperante y la decepcion de las expectativas cifradas en ella por parte de quienes en los ochenta pasaron de regimenes dictatoriales a regimenes democraticos, tanto en America Latina como en Europa del Este. Se exploran algunos rasgos del regimen politico-administrativo democratico a la luz de los debates sobre el concepto de neutralidad valorativa entre liberales, feministas, socialistas y comunitaristas durante las ultimas cuatro decadas. Se analizan desplazamientos en el concepto de lo politico y en la redefinicion del centro de gravedad de la democracia —desde el regimen politico a las practicas de lo comun en la “esfera publica”, desde lo “institucional/instituido” hacia lo “social/instituyente”.

This paper shows that elections are good for peace and that politicians ’ fear of losing office is the reason why disputes between democracies are extremely rare. To examine the impact of electoral accountability on military conflicts, we construct a new dataset of executive term limits for a sample of 177 countries over the 1816-2001 period, and combine this information with a large dataset of interstate militarized disputes. In line with previous studies, we find that democracies are much less likely to fight one another than autocracies or mixed pairs of states. However, this “democratic peace ” result does not hold for democracies in which the leaders face binding term limits, which are as conflict prone as autocracies. We also find that disputes involving democracies with term limits are more likely to occur during the executive’s last mandate. To explain these findings, we provide a simple theoretical model

In the Czech Republic, agricultural production is still dominated by corporate farms. Private farms have been established since the change of the political regime, but their role is not that relevant as originally anticipated. Among both groups, some have been economically more successful than others. In general, a varying adoption of pr oduction factors is identified as being of influence.

Cities, and especially capital cities, have always offered a stage for political ceremonies, festivals, processions, triumphs and struggles. The built mass in the centre, the axial streets and the accesses of capital cities consisting for a considerable part of public buildings and open spaces which have practical and symbolic functions for the state. By their shape, location and decoration, the buildings express the vision of political power as the rulers wanted it to be disseminated. This paper focuses on the changes introduced in existing cityscapes by rulers representing new ideologies, especially in Istanbul, Moscow and Berlin.

This paper provides a theory of the interactions between democratization and the emergence of rule of law. Heterogeneous individuals can make costly investments in protection against expropriation by others and the state. The public enforcement of property rights, whose cost depends on these investments, is chosen by the politically enfranchised population. We characterize the dynamic evolution of the economy in which both the political regime and property rights are endogenously determined. There are multiple politico-economic equilibria in terms of public and private property rights protection, which interact with different democratization scenarios whose determinants and consequences are studied. Democratic transitions under conflict may lead to failed democracies with worse property rights protection than oligarchies. Democratic transitions supported by a large consensus, however, serve as coordination device and lead to better protection of property and more stable polities. JE...

1 Frankfurt School of Finance & Management Working Paper No. 163 ... Alexander Libman, Carsten Herrmann-Pillath and Gaurav Yadav ... Sonnemannstr. 9 – 11 60314 Frankfurt am Main, Germany Phone: +49 (0) 69 154 008 0 Fax: +49 (0) 69 154 008 728 Internet: www. ...

The analysis of economic determinants of Olympic performance was for a long time a macroeconomics of the cold war in which the number of medals won by a nation was explained by its endowment with economic and human resources, then its political regime and a host country effect. We adopt a post-cold war view of the Games which provides an

In this year 2007, Zine Al Abidine Ben Ali is celebrating his twenty years as President of the Republic, inaugurating in the official terminology "the New Era" to better underline the break with the work of his predecessor, Habib Bourguiba. Attentive observers of Tunisian public life logically expected a year of pompous pomp, dithyrambic festivities and mobilisations closely inspired and framed by the almost single party, the Constitutional Democratic Rally (RCD). It was finally a form of "commemorative routine" that took place before their eyes, as if the caciques of the regime had tacitly admitted that something had definitively broken between the president and his people. Surprising as it may seem, November 7, 2007 was a November 7 like any other, with no more and no less cult of personality in the public space and self-celebration of the achievements of the "Change". The ritual of 7 November, which was magical in the early years of the regime, seems to have gradually faded away to make way for a kind of official liturgy, dull and carefully regulated like music paper.

Nordkorea, Myanmar oder jüngst wieder Simbabwe: Immer wieder geraten autori- täre Regime durch Rüstungsprogramme, die Unterdrückung oppositioneller Kräfte, die Missachtung der Leiden der eigenen Bevölkerung und anderes mehr in den Blick- punkt der Weltöffentlichkeit. Gleichzeitig liefern erstarkende "autoritäre Großmächte" wie die VR China potenziellen Nachahmern ernst zu nehmende Gegenentwürfe zur li- beralen Demokratie. Analyse: Die so genannte "dritte Welle" der Demokratisierung hat mitnichten zu einem Ausster - ben autoritärer Regime geführt; zurzeit werden mindestens ein Viertel aller National- staaten und damit rund ein Drittel der Weltbevölkerung autoritär regiert. Allerdings zeigt der Vergleich deutliche Unterschiede in regionaler Hinsicht wie auch bezüglich der Stabilität verschiedener Typen autoritärer Regime auf. Seit dem Ausklingen der "dritten Welle" Mitte der 1990er Jahre hat sich an der welt - weiten Verbreitung demokratischer, autoritäre...

Trade policy reform in Latin America and the Caribbean in the 1980s. Author info | Abstract | Publisher info | Download info | Related research | Statistics. Author Info. Alam, Asad Rajapatirana, Sarath Additional information is available ...

Since the 80´s Mexico experienced a deep reorganization on its political regime. A series of reforms of neoliberal direction change the actors, institutions and the representations of the Mexican State in process characterized by two major axes: In First, the State reform from a roll of welfare State to a reduced roll (Crozier, 1987). Secondly, a transformation on the relation State - society, ones broken the corporative practices which opened opportunities for the budding of a new and different social protests, in a context of great problems and social deficiencies. This is transformed into social conflicts, when engendering ineffective ways of water´s management. In this article we analyze these conflicts in the metropolis of Mexico. In this work these conflicts can be explained using concepts like decisional crisis, political fragmentation and rupture of the forms upon which traditionally conflicts were managing.

The peasantry played a more decisive role in the crisis of the political regime of the «Restauracion» than it has been recognized till now, in spite of the view developed of the traditional historiography, which has continued some of the classic postulates of the Marxist orthodoxy on the so called «Agrarian Question». In this article is analyzed the agrarian option presented by the Spanish socialism, in a country that was eminently rural, during the last decades of the 19th century and up to the Primo de Rivera dictatorship. From a perspective centred on ideological questions, there are studied the different positions that existed on this topic in the bosom of the UGT (General Trade Union of Workers) and of the PSOE (Spanish Socialist Party), but analyzing the agrarian reality of the moment. Finally, there is analyzed the result of the strategy adopted, the organic implantation of the socialism in the rural world, and the political consequences and union costs of that position.

We seek to extend discourse on“the reconstructive presidency” to the edge of new frontiers in two interrelated ways. First, we argue that reconstructive presidents act within critical junctures in which they exploit periodic opportunities to revitalize enervated political regimes, but that failure to exploit such opportunities can also occur. Second, we clarify the tasks necessary for reconstructive success, contending that

This paper investigates the endogenous emergence of democracy and rule of law in an economy where heterogeneous individuals can get involved in predation activities. Decisions about public policies concern the extent of fiscal redistribution and property rights, whose costs depend on the extent of predation in the population. We characterize the dynamic evolution of the economy in which both the political regimes and public policies are endogenously determined. The theory delivers several novel results. Multiple politico-economic equilibria involving different public policies can be sustained conditional on beliefs about property rights enforcement. Democratization is endogenous, but the features of democracies are shown to be crucially related to the conditions under which democratization initially takes place. Democratic transitions supported by a large consensus serve as coordination device and lead to better protection of property and more stable political systems than democrati...

This paper investigates the endogenous emergence of democracy and rule of law in an economy where heterogeneous individuals can get involved in predation activities. Decisions about public policies concern the extent of fiscal redistribution and property rights, whose costs depend on the extent of predation in the population. We characterize the dynamic evolution of the economy in which both the political regimes and public policies are endogenously determined. The theory delivers several novel results. Multiple politico-economic equilibria involving different public policies can be sustained conditional on beliefs about property rights enforcement. Democratization is endogenous, but the features of democracies are shown to be crucially related to the conditions under which democratization initially takes place. Democratic transitions supported by a large consensus serve as coordination device and lead to better protection of property and more stable political systems than democrati...

This paper investigates the endogenous emergence of democracy and rule of law in an economy where heterogeneous individuals can get involved in predation activities. Decisions about public policies concern the extent of fiscal redistribution and property rights, whose costs depend on the extent of predation in the population. We characterize the dynamic evolution of the economy in which both the

It is often argued that internationally recognized human rights are common to all cultural traditions and adaptable to a great variety of social structures and political regimes. Such arguments confuse human rights with human dignity. All societies possess conceptions of human dignity, but the conception of human dignity underlying international human rights standards requires a particular type of “liberal” regime. This conclusion is reached through a comparison of the social structures of ideal type liberal, minimal, traditional, communist, corporatist and developmental regimes and their impact on autonomy, equality, privacy, social conflict, and the definition of societal membership.

We estimate the effect of political regime transitions on growth with semi-parametric methods, combining difference in difference and matching. Our results suggest that previous parametric estimates may have seriously underestimated the growth effects of democracy. In particular, we find an average negative effect on growth of leaving democracy on the order of -2% implying effects on income per capita as large as 45% over the 1960-2000 panel. We also find clear indications that the discrepancies relative to the parametric results are driven by large differences in the composition of the treated and control groups, making linearity a doubtful assumption.