Reactive

Bu çalışmanın genel amacı, literatürde yer alan birbiriyle alakalı olduğunu düşündüğümüz
kavramların aralarındaki ilişkileri anlatan bir süreç oluşturmak ve bu süreci yorumlamaktır.
Öncelikle bu çalışmada kullanılan; işletme analizi, çevre analizi, Proaktif ve Reaktif yaklaşımlar,
Entropi- Negatif Entropi ve Rigor Mortis kavramları araştırılmıştır. Bu konular üzerine yazılmış
olan yazınlar incelenmiştir. Literatür destekli olarak bu kavramlar arasındaki ilişkileri gösteren
süreç tarafımızca hazırlanmış ve yorumlanmıştır. Bu süreç içerisinde literatürde yer almayan
“pembe gözlük” ve “net görüş” paradokslarının tanımlaması yapılmıştır.

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET) is a subclass of Mobile ad hoc networks. It is a developing new technology in which vehicles interchange the information from one vehicle to another vehicle within a network. VANET is responsible for providing an illustrated approach for Intelligent Transport System (ITS). The main use of VANET is to save life and prevent the accidents. This Paper describes a survey of routing protocols in vehicular ad hoc networks. The survey of routing protocols in VANET is significant and essential for smart ITS. The routing protocols are divided into two categories of topology-based and position-based routing for VANETs. This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these routing protocols

The present study has the objective of researching how consumers in this segment react when
dissatisfied. For this, the projective technique of thematic stories was used to collect the data.
Two perspectives on how these consumers react when dissatisfied where perceived. The first,
illustrates a passive behavior of how to resolve consumption problems, which, in general, means
not complaining and conforming to the loss. The second, differently, illustrates a reaction
against the dissatisfaction, expressed by complaining or, even, adopting legal action. Differently
from what the literature points to, the present study shows that low income consumers do
complain when dissatisfied, since they know, at least in discourse, their consumer rights.
Companies should recognize the distinct reactions of low income consumers when dissatisfied.
The rationality that these consumers prefer lower prices instead of better services seems to not
be a reality.

This book provides the readers with a timely guide to the application and integration of interdisciplinary principles from the fields of kinetic design, mechanics, energy and materials engineering in the fields of architecture and engineering design. It explores the potential integration of autoreactive solutions, unpowered kinetic systems triggered by changes in the surrounding latent energy conditions, within man-made artefacts with added functionality and efficiency. Related interdisciplinary parameters are explored discussing morphology, mechanics, energy and materials in detail. Each chapter examines the implications of autoreactivity in one specific field, providing a general overview and listing relevant motion design parameters and identifying for the reader those aspects that have a high potential to open up for new design directions. The book guides readers through a highly multidisciplinary field of design, offering an extraordinary resource of knowledge for professional architects, engineers and designers, as well as for university teachers, researchers and students. Interdisciplinary research is presented throughout the book as a powerful resource that can serve architecture and design, and a learning method to rethink innovative, optimal and sustainable solutions.

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) are a cluster of self-organizing and self-governing wireless nodes without any backbone infrastructure and centralized administration. The various nodes in MANET move randomly, and this node mobility may pose challenges on the performance of routing protocols. In this paper, an Intra and intergroup performance review of various MANET routing protocols are performed under varying speed of nodes. The routing protocols included in this study are reactive, proactive, and hybrid protocols. This performance review is done using the NS2 simulator and random waypoint model. The routing protocols performance is assessed through standard performance measure metrics including packet delivery ratio, throughput, routing overhead and end to end delivery with varying speed of nodes. The simulations result shows that there is no significant impact of varying speed of nodes on standard performance evaluation metrics. 1. INTRODUCTION With the development of cutting edge technology enabled powerful portable devices and availability of cost effective wireless communication, mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) are gaining popularity. MANETs are deploying for different applications ranging from military to natural disaster management. Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) connects wireless mobile nodes which have an arbitrary motion which makes the topology unpredictable [1],[2]. It is self-organizing and self-configuring and can be deployed without any wired base stations or infrastructure support. The mobile nodes act as hosts and also as routers to send the data across the networks. A MANET is a collection of free mobile nodes such as laptops, smartphones, tablet PC, etc. It has many characteristics. In MANETs, there is no central server and nodes themselves are responsible for communicating with other nodes to carry out network operations such as on-demand routing[3]. Nodes are free to move anywhere whenever and wherever they want, and they are also free to change their speeds [4]. Therefore, the network topology changes randomly and at uncertain times. Nodes can send messages to other nodes which are not in range or nor directly connected with the help of intermediate nodes [5]. MANET has many advantages. It is scalable as it supports the addition of more mobile nodes in the network. The information can be accessed irrespective of the geographic position of nodes [5]. The use of mobile nodes results in many connection failures. The routing protocols are designed to handle these situations [6]. MANETs are fault tolerant. The main advantage is that the nodes do not need wireless routers to connect to the internet[7].Therefore, it reduces the cost of deploying a router and affordable than a

Disasters could cause communication systems partially or completely down. In such a case, relief operations need a rapidly deployed communication system to save lives. Exchanging information among the rescue team is a vital factor to make important decisions. Communication system required to be robust to failures, rapidly deployable, easily maintainable to provide better services. Wireless ad-hoc networks could be the choice of establishing communication with the aid of existing infrastructure in a post-disaster case. In order to optimize mobile ad-hoc network performance, address the challenges that could lead to unreliable performance is required. One and most crucial key challenge is routing information from a sender to receiver. Due to the characteristics of a disaster environment such as signal attenuation, communication links exist between rescue crew is short-lived, suffer from frequent route breakage, and may result in unreliable end-to-end services. Many routing protocols h...

There are genuine concerns for the right transport connection to be deployed on a particular routing protocol in order to have a reliable, fast and robust communication in spite of the size and the dynamics of the mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) topology. This paper comparatively studies the individual implementation of reactive and proactive protocols on both UDP and TCP transport connection using packet delivery ratio (PDR), throughput, end to end delay and delay variation (jitter) as quality of service (QoS) metrics. We studied the combination of both the transport connection and routing protocol that will deliver the best QoS in simple and complex network scenarios with source and destination nodes fixed and the intermediate nodes randomly moving throughout the simulation time. More so, the intrinsic characteristics of the routing protocols regarding the QoS metrics and transport connection are studied. Forty simulations were run for simple and complex multi-hop network models and the results were analyzed and presented.

We studied the effects of mono-, di-, tri-, and hexamers of glucosamine (GlcN) and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) on oxidative and calcium signals in transgenic tobacco suspension culture (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Bright Yellow-2, cell line CST-1) expressing aequorin. Addition of (GlcN)n to the cells induced an immediate oxidative burst monitored by superoxide-specific chemiluminescence of CLA (CLA-CL). The superoxide generated by (GlcN)n was converted to hydrogen peroxide, causing a transient increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) which was monitored by ([Ca2+]c-dependent luminescence of aequorin. The longer the polymer of (GlcN)n the greater the effect. The (GlcN)n-dependent CLA-CL in the culture was inhibited by a peroxidase inhibitor, but not by a NADPH oxidase inhibitor. The (GlcN)n-dependent CLA-CL was also observed in the extracellularly excreted peroxidase preparation and also in horseradish peroxidase reaction mixture. We have previously obtained similar results using salicylic acid and aromatic amines. Addition of (GlcNAc)n also resulted in an elevation of [Ca2+]c. No superoxide generation preseding [Ca2+]c elevation was detected using CLA, but gradual accumulation of superoxide signal was detected with electron spin resonance spectroscopy using Tiron as a spin trapper. No effect of GlcNAc monomer and oligomers shorter than hexamer on [Ca2+]c elevation or superoxide generation was observed.
In various plants, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the important early events in the active defense against pathogens. ROS can be induced by pathogen invation or treatment with elicitors....

Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are collection of wireless mobile nodes. MANETs are infrastructure less temporary networks. They do not have fixed static infrastructure. As no fixed infrastructure is available all nodes itself, work as receiver, transmitter as well as router. These nodes are also mobile so providing stable route is a big challenge. We have different approaches to find route in MANETs and all approaches use some protocols. This paper concentrates upon the analysis of two Mobile Ad Hoc Networking protocols. Ad hoc On demand Distance-Vector (AODV) and Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector (DSDV). DSDV uses proactive or table driven approach to route the data whereas AODV is a reactive protocol and uses on demand routing. Main target of this paper is to highlight different aspect of both protocols and compare them. So, one can decide which protocol is better suited to their needs. Anurag Misra"Comparative Analysis of AODV and DSDV Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Ho...

Reactive oxygen species (ROSs) play important physiological and physiopathological roles in the cardiovascular system. An imbalance between ROS and antioxidants, termed oxidative stress, can contribute to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular remodel-ing. ROSs have been demonstrated to be increased and to regulate the following main pulmonary vasculature changes that occur at high altitude (hypobaric hypoxia): hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular hyper-trophy (RVH), and ultimately, cardiac failure. Thus, ROS increases are a public health concern for the increasing number of people living or working at high altitudes. ROSs trigger the activation of different metabolic signaling pathways that alter the activity of redox-sensitive transcription factors and translational signals. Consequently, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the main factors, sources, and mechanisms of action of ROS and their effects on the cardiovascular system under hypobaric hypoxic conditions. Although ROS generation is a normal physiological activity, under hypo-baric hypoxia (high altitude) conditions, ROS levels are elevated. The principal sources of ROS are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-4 (NOX4) in the vascular system and NOX2 in cardiac tissue. Thus, the information presented in this review provides a broad view of the relationship between ROS and hypoxia.

Azopeptides possess an imino urea as an amino amide surrogate in the sequence. Azopeptides were synthesized by oxidation of aza-glycine residues and employed in pericyclic chemistry. Diels-Alder cyclizations and Alder-ene reactions on azopeptides enabled construction of constrained aza-pipecolyl and reactive aza-allylglycyl residues. X-ray crystallographic analyses of azopeptide 16a and azapeptides 30a and 35a provided insight into imino urea configuration and conformational affects of cycloalkane side chains at the semicarbazide α- and β-nitrogen, respectively.

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) are a cluster of self-organizing and self-governing wireless nodes without any backbone infrastructure and centralized administration. The various nodes in MANET move randomly, and this node mobility may pose challenges on the performance of routing protocols. In this paper, an Intra and intergroup performance review of various MANET routing protocols are performed under varying speed of nodes. The routing protocols included in this study are reactive, proactive, and hybrid protocols. This performance review is done using the NS2 simulator and random waypoint model. The routing protocols performance is assessed through standard performance measure metrics including packet delivery ratio, throughput, routing overhead and end to end delivery with varying speed of nodes. The simulations result shows that there is no significant impact of varying speed of nodes on standard performance evaluation metrics. 1. INTRODUCTION With the development of cutting edg...

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) are a cluster of self-organizing and self-governing wireless nodes without any backbone infrastructure and centralized administration. The various nodes in MANET move randomly, and this node mobility may pose challenges on the performance of routing protocols.  In this paper, an Intra and intergroup performance review of various MANET routing protocols are performed under varying speed of nodes. The routing protocols included in this study are reactive, proactive, and hybrid protocols. This performance review is done using the NS2 simulator and random waypoint model. The routing protocols performance is assessed through standard performance measure metrics including packet delivery ratio, throughput, routing overhead and end to end delivery with varying speed of nodes. The simulations result shows that there is no significant impact of varying speed of nodes on standard performance evaluation metrics.

"Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are collection of wireless mobile nodes. MANETs are infrastructure less temporary networks. They do not have fixed static infrastructure. As no fixed infrastructure is available all nodes itself, work as receiver, transmitter as well as router. These nodes are also mobile so providing stable route is a big challenge. We have different approaches to find route in MANETs and all approaches use some protocols. This paper concentrates upon the analysis of two Mobile Ad Hoc Networking protocols. Ad hoc On demand Distance-Vector (AODV) and Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector (DSDV). DSDV uses proactive or table driven approach to route the data whereas AODV is a reactive protocol and uses on demand routing. Main target of this paper is to highlight different aspect of both protocols and compare them. So, one can decide which protocol is better suited to their needs. Anurag Misra""Comparative Analysis of AODV and DSDV Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd158.pdf
Article URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/158/comparative-analysis-of-aodv-and-dsdv-routing-protocols-for-mobile-ad-hoc-networks/anurag-misra"

An ad-hoc network is a local area network which has been constructed to connect the one or more devices accordingly. It is a cluster of cellular mobile nodes that are collected with one-another, which form a transitory network, which means to form a temporary structure and there is no need of any permanent support. However, it will attach all nodes with the use of cellular network structure. At compile time, if there is any problem occur that will harm the network, than it can modify the channel from one node to another node. Therefore, because of greatly effective conditions to make networks in very difficult. To avoid these conditions that will harm the network, some protocols are introduced which includes the reactive routing protocols, pro-active routing protocols, cluster-based routing protocol, a hybrid-based routing protocol, Ad-hoc on demand distance routing protocol, optimized link state routing. This review paper gives the performance analysis of routing protocols based on their properties, characteristics, functions, and their shortcomings.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among students' disruptive and violent behavior and staff's use of proactive and reactive strategies in a secure residential treatment center serving delinquent adolescent males. One hundred hours of observational data were collected, and linear regression models were used to explore the degree to which students' behavior and staff's behavior predict violence. Results indicate that a moderate to strong relationship exists between students' disruptive and violent behavior, although these relationships vary across settings within the facility. Data suggest that these locations differ in staff coverage, staff's use of proactive strategies, focal activity, and behavioral expectations, thus accounting for differences in the strengths of the relationships. Further analyses reveal that regardless of location, students' disruptive behavior is the best predictor of students' violent behavior.

This paper presents a control scheme which controls the active and reactive power flow from the Fuel cell system to grid connected load. Fuel cell system can be connected to the grid using single stage or two stage method. In this paper we use single stage method and transformer less to reduce the cost and losses of the system. As we are injecting reactive power to grid even when there is no fuel cell power. To inject reactive power, system extracts active power from the grid even when there is no power from fuel cell. Therefore the converter has to work continuously with grid. This forces to use single stage system. Control scheme is implemented in such a manner that it provides reactive power as per the requirement of the load or grid. Fuel cell simulation is done using the basic equation. Passive filter is used to reduce the harmonic produced by inverter.

This study was an investigation to find out the effect of reactive versus intensive performance on Iranian intermediate EFL learner listening comprehension ability. It was an attempt to determine whether Iranian intermediate EFL learner are familiar with intensive and reactive performance or not. Moreover, does reactive versus intensive performance have any effect on Iranian intermediate EFL learnersʼ listening comprehension skill. To do this, two groups (experimental1 and experimental2, 30 participants for each one) of Iranian EFL learners in intermediate level from Kish Language Institute in Tehran, Iran were selected. The participant took a standard OPT test to demonstrate their English proficiency. A listening audio text for pretest and posttest from the book " Four Corners " was administered. The required data for this study gathered after five sessions of teaching listening in both experimental groups. In other words, in the first experiment, we used intensive performance and in the second one, we used reactive performance. Finally, the data were analysed using an Independent Sample T-test and paired sample T-test. The results showed that the listening has been improved as a result of using intensive performance.