Sociological Jurisprudence

La presente monografía realiza un estudio pormenorizado de la filosofía del Derecho del jurista norteamericano Roscoe Pound (1870-1964). Tras presentar en un primer capítulo la vida y obra de Pound dentro del contexto intelectual de su época, se pasa a analizar su triple caracterización del Derecho como orden, conjunto de directrices y proceso, y su comprensión global del mismo como agencia de control social, bajo la cual entiende unificables los sentidos precedentes (capítulo II). El capítulo III está dedicado al estudio del objetivo inmediato que Pound asigna al Derecho: la armonización de los intereses humanos en una labor de “ingeniería social” por parte de los operadores jurídicos. Primero se aborda la clasificación de los intereses realizada por Pound, así como los medios y criterios que señala para su evaluación y protección en caso de conflicto. Después se recogen otras reflexiones suyas en torno al momento aplicativo del Derecho: teoría de la decisión judicial, estudio de las limitaciones de la acción jurídica, y programa de la “jurisprudencia sociológica”. El capítulo IV, por su parte, se centra en el tratamiento de los fines que Pound asigna al Derecho: la justicia, que define como un régimen imparcial resultante de la satisfacción de intereses, y la civilización, o máximo desarrollo posible de las capacidades humanas, al que el Derecho contribuye. Finalmente, el capítulo V ofrece una estimación global del pensamiento de Pound: se investiga en sus orígenes intelectuales; se defiende la coherencia interna de su evolución a lo largo del tiempo; y se evalúan algunas de sus notas más características (eclecticismo, actitud funcional y metodología pragmática), subrayando la necesidad de una fundamentación filosófica más estable para sus mejores intuiciones.

In this article, I examine jurisprudence textbooks and related works written in the British Empire in the late-19th and early-20th centuries, focusing mostly on British India, but also discussing Mandatory Palestine and British-ruled Egypt. Some of the jurisprudential works from the British Empire were merely summaries of the leading English books. However, there were also more original works, characterized by several unique features. First, some of the works produced in the Empire were more influenced by Continental and American legal theories than the equivalent English textbooks (for example, by early-20th-century French and American sociological approaches to law). Second, the need to mention non-English legal systems in these works sometimes led their authors to question key English notions about the nature and development of law (critiquing, for example, Henry Maine’s description of Hindu law). Finally, some nationalist local legal scholars also created a unique genre of jurisprudential works: texts that used western jurisprudential theories to describe the main features of non-western legal systems, such as Hindu, Jewish and Islamic law.

These unique aspects of colonial jurisprudential works illustrate a broader phenomenon: the fact that legal scholars in imperial peripheries were not always simply passive receivers of ideas produced at the center of empires, but in some cases created works containing interesting jurisprudential insights. The notion that the British Empire was a “legal laboratory” in which legal scholars experimented with new ideas has already been discussed in the literature, largely based on examples taken from the fields of legislation (the codification of English law in 19th-century India), or forensic science. This article explores the extent to which the British Empire was also a site of jurisprudential innovation.

This review critically assess the book Legal theory and the media of law, by Thomas Vesting. The author seeks to present a multidisciplinary conception of jurisprudence, analyzing the coevolution between legal phenomena, their self-descriptions and the dissemination media of communication, from oral cultures to computer networks. The paper posits Vesting’s contribution in the modern path of German jurisprudence and philosophy of law.

4 Yale Journal of Law «fe the Humanities [Vol. 13:3 Politicians declare "culture wars" in an effort to reassert both the meaning and centrality of certain allegedly transcendent human values.4 Debates about the meaning and significance of culture become arguments about " ...

The World Health Organization (WHO) declared novel coronavirus (COVID-19) as a worldwide pandemic that has caused in high number of deaths in many countries and across national boundaries. In its early stage, governments all over the world have decided to implement lockdowns and closing of national border as ad hoc measures to slow down the drastic increase of the widespread of Covid-19. The United Nations through the UN General Assembly at its 74th session adopted Resolution on Global solidarity to fight COVID-19 recognized that this pandemic requires a global response based on unity, solidarity and renewed multilateral cooperation. The UN General Assembly passed under resolution on international cooperation to ensure global access to medicines, vaccines and medical equipment to face Covid-19 pandemic. This article is divided into three parts; the background of the current health security regulatory system under the International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005; the pursuance of pand...

El presente texto presenta al filósofo del Derecho Roscoe Pound, célebre decano de la Facultad de Derecho de Harvard entre 1916 y 1936, como caso paradigmático de jurista asociado al Progressivism, movimiento de liberalismo social que dominó la escena política e intelectual estadounidense en los años anteriores a la Primera Guerra mundial. Según se desprende de este estudio, la evolución de Pound en lo académico y en lo ideológico va en paralelo a la suerte de ese primer Progresismo liberal norteamericano, cuyo fin de trayecto vendría representado por la llegada al poder de Franklin D. Roosevelt en 1933. La tesis de fondo que se mantiene aquí es que el Progresismo original supuso solo un paso intermedio en la crisis del modelo liberal decimonónico en EE.UU., pues sus propuestas de reforma aún eran expresión de una confianza en la moral, la ciencia y la razón propia de cierta mentalidad victoriana residual. El New Deal de Roosevelt, en cambio, surgido en una época más relativista y experimentalista como fue el periodo de entreguerras, se habría separado ya de esas premisas, y por eso habría encontrado el rechazo de Pound y de otros tantos liberales progresistas de viejo cuño, que evolucionaron así hacia posiciones más conservadoras. El cuerpo central del capítulo va atravesando las diversas etapas de la biografía intelectual de Pound hasta principios de los años 40. En ese recorrido se destacan tres circunstancias que resultarían decisivas para decantar su evolución ideológica: el desenlace del juicio contra Sacco y Vanzetti en 1927, el surgimiento del realismo jurídico americano como movimiento iusfilosófico afín al nuevo progresismo –que se consolida, precisamente, a raíz de un debate académico entre Pound y Karl Llewellyn en 1931– y la ya mencionada reacción de Pound y otros intelectuales de su generación ante las medidas de la Administración Roosevelt, y muy en particular ante el intento de éste de alterar la composición del Tribunal Supremo en 1937.

Indonesian geographical, geological and hydrological regions are disaster-prone areas. Disaster-prone is the geological, biological, hydrological, climatological, geographical, social, cultural, political, economic and technological conditions or characteristics of a region for a certain period of time that reduce the ability in preventing, reducing, achieving readiness, and reduce the ability to respond to adverse impacts of certain hazards. People's behavior that damages the environment also tends to increase the number of disasters. Seeing such conditions, the government has compiled a policy to allocate budgets for pre-disaster, during emergency response, and post-disaster development. This government policy is also supported by the contributions of community in providing disaster relief. A bad disaster management system can be a gap to commit criminal acts against funds and disaster relief. In this study, two issues will be discussed, namely legal politics in funding and ma...

Illicit used of intellectual property protection of indigenous peoples which are increasingly exploitative and leaving the existing values, and it’s happen over the world. Paradox government need it for raw material in creative economic but there’s no law to protect. The aim of this study is to describe dilemma of law patronage for Intellectual property of Indigenous People. Method for this study used library research. The values of justice in the use of traditional cultural expressions are carried out proportionally and balanced by harmonizing the values of individuals with communal values. Based on it ought to palladium with legal system that preserve behalf indigenous peoples in order to achieve legal objectives (Justice, certainty and expediency).  

The Pakraman village is led by village officers. The issue of how to implement the Kasepekang sanction is very important to analyse because fraud or abuse of power often occurs in this sector. Kesepekang the term of traditional sanctions in the form of a temporary dismissal as a member of the banjar and pakraman villages. Those affected by this sanction are not entitled to receive banjar service / assistance and pakraman villages. This type of research is empirical legal research oriented to the collection of empirical data in the field. Based on this empirical data the researcher conducted an in-depth analysis in accordance with the relevant theory to make conclusions. Kasepekang sanctions are given because community members do not want to solve and conduct paruman to find solutions to adat problems. Based on paruman adat leaders and community representatives prescribed on Awig-awig Number 18, paragraph 14 regarding unwritten regulations, it was decided by the village of Pakraman P...

Foreign direct investment (FDI) plays a crucial role in the economic sector, particularly in developing countries. BIT lays down instrumental principles which help to protect investors’ establishments in host states, by inter alia encouraging prompt compensation in case of expropriation. Governments need FDIs to gear up their economic growth, advance technology, and scale down unemployment. Most scholarly writings are in favor that BIT is a necessary tool for promoting FDIs, however this study takes a different approach and categorically unveils the draw backs of BIT in developing countries by highlighting some of the contentious provisions that have sparked unprecedented legal, economic, sociopolitical and diplomatic strife between the host countries, investors and investors’ home countries. Therefore, the author proposes development for regional Model BITs that would go in line with national laws to curtail the persisting sovereignty and socio-economic challenges.

El debate en la jurisprudencia analítica angloamericana contemporánea se ha centrado en la formulación de proposiciones conceptuales acerca de lo que el derecho es a partir de lo que han ofrecido teorías aparentemente rivales: iusnaturalismo y positivismo jurídico. A ello se agrega la participación, no exenta de controversia, del realismo jurídico. La pre-eminencia del debate por parte de estas teorías no implica que fuera de esas coordenadas-ahistóricas, desconectadas de una filosofía social fuerte y formalistas-no existan otras aproximaciones sobre la naturaleza del derecho en esa misma tradición. Ese es el gap que Tamanaha detecta y del que intenta hacerse cargo a través de un enfoque que denomina realistic theory of law. Esta perspectiva hunde raíces en un entendimiento amplio de la jurisprudencia histórica y sociológica además de la adopción de la filosofía pragmatista con el fin de ofrecer un revival de la teoría socio-jurídica.

As technology develops in this Industrial Revolution of 4.0, technology companies have gained the spotlight among other business sectors. Many business actors are competing to establish a company or known as a start-up in the technology sector. These start-ups are also gaining attention from investors or venture capital companies interested in investing their funds for start-up growth. The fundraising to the company may be in the form of a debt, convertible note or equity. In terms of equity fundraising, as capital contribution or shares ownership, the founders of the start-up company will jointly partner with investors as the company’s shareholders. This cooperation usually regulated under shareholders’ agreement which some of the substances are rights and obligations of the shareholders. In addition to the rights of shareholders as regulated in Law Number 40 of 2007 on Limited Liability Company as lastly amended by Law Number 11 of 2020 on Job Creation or known as the Indonesian C...

In a recent issue of “Unbound”, Janet Halley reviews my book “Caring for Justice”, criticizing it for exhibiting a broad range of the problems she sees in all forms of “identitarian” legal writing, and therefore worthy of detailed critique. Halley begins her review by listing the representative missteps she finds in both my book and in identitarian politics generally, including, although certainly not limited to, an identification of the site of the subordinated group’s injuries-for women, reproduction and sexuality with the site of its ethical lives and insights; a tendency to differentiate and present the interests of subordinate and dominant groups, such as women and men, as inevitably opposed, such that women’s injuries work to men’s advantage and vice versa; an inclination to substitute the language of harm, injury, and ethics for the language of subordination, exploitation, and the like; and both an unhealthy aversion to politics and an insistence that changing the hearts and ...

The absence of piercing the corporate veil doctrine in the Indonesian company law shows that the subsidiaries of such corporate groups are considered a separate legal personality, hence it is probably almost impossible to held the parent company liable for its subsidiaries’ legal actions under any conditions. This research adopted a normative legal research with a comparative law study method. The goal of this research is describe the implementation of piercing the corporate veil doctrine in Indonesia, US and UK, then to make the points of contribution of this doctrine to be regulated properly in Indonesia. In fact, piercing the corporate veil doctrine is implemented in Indonesia, although there was not any normative legal basis of the doctrine itself, whereas in US and UK, the doctrine is implemented and further developed through precedents. Therefore, since there is an evident relationship between a parent company and its subsidiary, whereby in certain cases the parent company can...

Industrial Revolution 4.0 has influenced the development of technology and information. The presence of financial technology (fintech) especially fintech peer to peer lending in Indonesia is proof that the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has had an influence on economic aspects as a fundamental aspect of the country. The implementation of fintech peer to peer lending in providing alternative financing to consumers is currently faced with several problems, especially issues related to consumer protection. This study uses a normative legal research method with a statutory approach. This research shows that the state has tried to provide preventive protection to consumers through several regulations, namely Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 19/12/PBI/2017 concerning the Implementation of Financial Technology that regulates the procedures for implementing fintech in Indonesia and also the OJK Regulation Number 77/POJK.01/2016 on Information Technology-Based Lending and Borrowing Services that ...

This article, prepared in the context of a conference at Hofstra in October 2006 ("Biomedical Research and the Law") considers contrasting responses to conflicts of interest occasioned by physicians' financial links to the pharmaceutical industry. Debate about the appropriate relationship between physicians and industry is grounded in the development known to historians of ideas as the shift in western culture from status to contract. The article summarizes the shift and then describes its consequences for and effects within the world of health care. The paper focuses on comparing an ethical order that continues to reflect traditional patterns in directing physicians' conduct with an ethical order firmly committed to the values of the marketplace. Physicians' contrasting attitudes toward links with industry, and more specifically, toward rules of disclosure as a potential antidote to bias, illustrate the parameters of debate. The article concludes that the dept...

This article, prepared in the context of a conference at Hofstra in October 2006 ("Biomedical Research and the Law") considers contrasting responses to conflicts of interest occasioned by physicians' financial links to the pharmaceutical industry. Debate about the appropriate relationship between physicians and industry is grounded in the development known to historians of ideas as the shift in western culture from status to contract. The article summarizes the shift and then describes its consequences for and effects within the world of health care. The paper focuses on comparing an ethical order that continues to reflect traditional patterns in directing physicians' conduct with an ethical order firmly committed to the values of the marketplace. Physicians' contrasting attitudes toward links with industry, and more specifically, toward rules of disclosure as a potential antidote to bias, illustrate the parameters of debate. The article concludes that the dept...

Interdisziplinaritat ist ein arg strapaziertes Modewort und wird haufig als beliebiges Etikett verwendet. Der vorliegende Sammelband, hervorgegangen aus einer vom Institut fur juristische Grundlagen – lucernaiuris in Luzern organisierten Vortragsreihe, enthalt Beispiele gelebten Grenzgangertums und praktizierter Disziplinenuberschreitung. Die einzelnen Autoren (G. Teubner, K.A. Ziegert, C.B. Graber, A. Bachtiger/A. Tschentscher, P. Richli, P. Becchi, M. Luminati) beschaftigen sich mit unterschiedlichen Themen aus Rechtsgeschichte, Rechtsphilosophie, Rechtsetzungslehre, Rechtssoziologie und Rechtstheorie. Alle Beitrage kennzeichnet eine explizite und dezidierte Offnung gegenuber theoretischen und empirischen Anregungen aus dem weiten Feld juristischer und speziell nichtjuristischer Nachbardisziplinen.

The indeterminacy of ‘realism’ and the dangers of generalizing about ‘the realists’ have been a recurrent theme of this book. Yet the label has stuck and the modern reader, confronted with an apparent morass of literature by ‘realists’ or about ‘realism’, may quite reasonably ask for some general guidance. How much of this literature deserves to survive? What is a good way to approach it if one is to avoid both unwarranted generalization and barren controversy? In particular, what should law students in North America, the British Isles or elsewhere be encouraged to learn from the study of American legal realism? A partial answer to these questions is implicit in what has been said earlier. The purpose of the present chapter is to deal with them in a more direct fashion. Some of the more obvious pitfalls of interpretation are quite easily avoided if the realist movement is approached on three different levels, which may be roughly characterized as the historical, the analytical and the applied. The realist movement should be viewed, in first instance, not as a school of jurisprudence but as an historical phenomenon. The starting point should be to identify the concerns of particular individuals at particular moments in time. In Part One some of the concerns of some key figures were sketched. From this preliminary account, which should not be treated as a substitute for a detailed history, it is apparent that the intellectual roots of the realist movement were rather complex.

Ms. Darian-Smith explores the relationship between law and the concept of "landscapes," which she describes as the spatial imagery through which law is conceived and from which it draws meaning. She first defines the complex and historically rich concept of the "garden image," both in general and as it is seen in (and by) England, its people, and its surrounding political, cultural, and spatial contexts. In general terms, the garden image is injected into issues of environmental law. Further, she notes that the garden has been a fluid, ever-changing concept for England's society and its developing legal system. Specifically, Darian-Smith focuses on a recent development regarding the interaction between the law, the garden, and spatial imagery in England: she argues that the new Channel Tunnel between England and France undermines England's identity as an island nation, in effect physically and symbolically severing its claim as the bounded "Garden of...

This paper finding is the existence of recurring unsettled negotiation between the Islamists and the Nationalists during three important constitutional works in Indonesia (the making of 1945 Constitution; the work of Konstituante to draft a new constitution in 1955-1959; and the constitutional amendment 1999-2002). Such fragile political consensus creates a legal gap in the Indonesian legal system: constitutional guarantee on religious liberty on one hand, and discriminative derivative laws and court decisions in relate to religious liberty on the other hand. This paper argues the legal gap happens because historically, discourse over religious liberty never settled during constitutional debates. It leads to ambiguous constitutional articles on religious liberty such as the seemingly contradicting Article 28 I (1) on absolute rights and Article 28 J (2) on the limitation of rights. The ambiguous constitutional articles give no solid basis for protecting religious liberty, especially...

This paper aims to analyze the practice of legal pluralism in Indonesia. A decentralized approach policy enables the growth and the development of various legal systems. By the prevailing of the pluralism of legal system apparently also raises the problem in its application. But in reality, various living legal systems can co-exist. The method applied is based on normative study, with qualitative approach. The result shows that the legal system that pluralism is very influential on the development of education, including law education. Law education in Indonesia is also influenced by the history of Indonesia. The new pattern of law education in Indonesia can only lead people to an obedience and legal compliance. Legal education is not an independent thing, but it is related to social issues. So it has implications for the many violations of law and the emergence of criminal acts. This shows the level of legal awareness of the community is still low. Then it will also affect the lega...