Truncation

Shortenings like lab for laboratory or newbie for newborn already existed in Latin (Monique Biville 1989) and Ancient Greek (this paper, with a few dozen examples).
Published in: «Nouveaux acquis sur la formation des noms en grec» (Colloque Chantraine, Rouen 2013), published by Peeters, Leuven-Paris, 2016.
An offprint on paper is available.

This thesis shows that the variability observed in hypocoristic truncation and reduplication in Spanish is predictable and, therefore, grammatical. It argues that the output structure of truncates and reduplicants is a compromise between phonological markedness and faithfulness, and that the two Prosodic Morphological processes under discussion do not differ from concatenative morphological processes in this respect. By adopting a transderivational approach, idiolectal variation can be explained through a fixed hierarchy of markedness constraints in which certain constraints regarding different faithfulness relations are indexed (e.g., input-truncate, base-truncate and truncate-reduplicant relations). Some constraints on faithfulness relations are placed in a lower level in the hierarchy with respect to others, thus giving rise to different degrees of Emergence of the Unmarked effects. While the unmarked structure of the prosodic word and the syllable is explained by means of constraints grounded on the Prosodic Hierarchy, the unmarked structure of the the segment is accounted for by constraints grounded on the particular Contrastive Hierarchy of the language.

The word final phonology of Lardil was brought to the attention of linguists by Ken Hale in the 1960s and since then certain properties of the data have led it to occupy a privileged position, in a canon of data sets against which new theoretical proposals are frequently tested. Several seminal arguments for new and high-profile phonological theories are now based at least in part upon analyses of Hale’s data set. After reviewing what is of such interest in Lardil, a body of data is assembled which alters our understanding of the empirical facts and theoretical implications of Lardil phonology. Hale’s process of Laminalization is reanalyzed as Apicalization; constrained lexical exceptions are found with respect to Apocope, Apicalization and Truncation; and a process of Raising is identified. A discussion of the systematicity of these new data, and of their demonstrable antiquity leads to the conclusion that future formal analyses of the language must account not only for already well-known properties of the data, but for the existence of multiple, active patterns that apply selectively throughout the lexicon.

In Santiaguense Capeverdean Creole, there are seventeen recurrent words, belonging to several grammatical categories, which occur synchronically in two forms, a full one and a (so called) truncated one, the latter lacking the final, unstressed syllable of the former. This article is a first attempt at studying these truncated forms in Santiaguense. In section one, the truncated forms are compared and contrasted with other cases of word shortening or of optional alternation of lexical units sharing the same etymon. Section two deals with the use of the truncated forms with respect to both the grammatical category to which they belong and to the sociolinguistical profile of their users. The conclusion stresses the importance of the study of these forms for a more complete understanding of the evolutionary trends and potentialities of Santiaguense Portuguese Creole.

An Edgeworth expansion for the distribution function of the product-limit estimator of survival time under the left-truncation and right-censoring model is derived. This expansion gives more accurate approximations than the usual normal approximation from weak convergence. In addition, by constructing the bootstrap sample from left-truncation and right-censored data, the Edgeworth expansion for the bootstrap statistic is given, allowing a bootstrap base confidence interval with better coverage probability.

The recursive comb filters or Cascaded Integrator Comb filter (CIC) are commonly used as decimators for the sigma delta modulators. This paper presents the VLSI implementation, analysis and design of high speed CIC filters which are based on a low-pass filter. These filters are used in the signal decimation which has the effect on reducing the sampling rate. It is also chosen because its attractive property of both low power and low complexity since it dose not required a multiplier. Simulink toolbox available in Matlab software which is used to simulator and Verilog HDL coding help to verify the functionality of the CIC filters. Design procedures and examples are given for CIC filter with emphasis on frequency response, transfer function and register width. The implementation results show using Modified Carry Look-ahead Adder for summation and also apply pipelined filter structure enhanced high speed and make it more compatible for DSP applications.

Ventricular arrhythmia occurrence during exercise is reported in Brugada syndrome (BrS). Accordingly, experimental studies suggest that BrS-linked SCN5A mutations reduce sodium current more at fast heart rates. Yet, the effects of exercise on the BrS ECG phenotype have not been studied. We aimed to assess ECG responses to exercise in BrS and determine whether these responses are affected by the presence of an SCN5A mutation. ECGs at baseline, at peak exercise, and during recovery were analyzed from 35 male control subjects, 25 BrS men without SCN5A mutation (BrS(SCN5A)(-)), and 25 BrS men with SCN5A mutation (BrS(SCN5A+); 15 with missense mutation and 10 with mutation leading to premature truncation of the protein). No differences existed in clinical phenotype between BrS groups. At baseline, BrS(SCN5A)(-) and BrS(SCN5A+) patients had lower heart rates, wider QRS, shorter QT(c), and higher peak J-point amplitudes than control subjects; BrS(SCN5A+) patients also had longer PR than Br...

In this paper, the strong product of two fuzzy graphs is defined. It is proved that when two fuzzy graphs are effective then
their strong product is always effective and it is proved that the strong product of two complete fuzzy graphs is complete. Also it is
proved that the strong product of two connected fuzzy graphs is always connected. The lower and upper truncations of the strong
product of two fuzzy graphs are obtained. The degree of a vertex in the strong product of two fuzzy graphs is obtained. A relationship
between the direct sum and the strong product of two fuzzy graphs is obtained.

Speeded responses to an external cue are slower when the cue interrupts preparation to perform the same or a similar action in a self­paced manner. To explore the mechanism underlying this 'cost of intention', we examined whether the size of the cost is influenced by the nature of the external cue. Specifically, we assessed whether the cost of intention is different for movements made in response to an imitative cue (an on­screen hand movement) compared to those made in response to a symbolic cue. Consistent with previous reports, externally cued responses were significantly slower on trials where participants were preparing to perform an internally driven movement later in the trial. Also as predicted, simple response times to the imitative cue were faster than those made to the symbolic cue. Critically, the cost of intention was similar for each cue type, suggesting that preparing an intentional action influenced responses cued by the symbolic and imitative cues to a simil...

Invention dans la culture de Varna de nouveaux instruments, pour travailler la terre (soc en bois de cervide), ou pour le battage (tribulum a elements de silex). Standardisation de la forme des lames de faucilles, augmentation des dimensions des meules. Utilisation de nouveaux materiaux pour les houes