Designation: A 270 01 An American National Standard

Standard Specication for

Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Sanitary
Tubing
1
This standard is issued under the xed designation A 270; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specication covers grades of seamless and welded
austenitic stainless steel sanitary tubing intended for use in the
dairy and food industry and having special surface nishes.
Pharmaceutical quality may be requested, as a supplementary
requirement.
1.2 This specication covers tubes in sizes up to and
including 12 in. (304.8 mm) in outside diameter.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard.
1.4 Optional supplementary requirements are provided, and
when one or more of these are desired, each shall be so stated
in the order.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranu-
lar Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
2
A 450/A 450M Specication for General Requirements for
Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy Steel Tubes
3
A 480/A 480M Specication for General Requirements for
Flat Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet,
and Strip
2
A 967 Specication for Chemical Passivation Treatments
for Stainless Steel Parts
2
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
3
2.2 ASME Standard:
B46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness, and
Lay)
4
2.3 Other Standard:
SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
(UNS)
5
3. Terminology
3.1 Denition:
3.1.1 roughness average, Ra, narithmetic average surface
roughness normally reported in microinches or microns; a
measurement of surface roughness usually performed by mov-
ing a stylus in a straight line along the surface, although other
methods may be used.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for material under this specication should
include the following, as required, to describe the desired
material adequately:
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
4.1.2 Name of material (seamless or welded tubes),
4.1.3 Size (outside diameter and average wall thickness),
4.1.4 Length (specic or random),
4.1.5 Surface nish (Section 14),
4.1.6 Optional requirements (product analysis, see Section
9; hydrostatic or nondestructive electric test, see Section11).
4.1.7 Test report required (Certication Section of Speci-
cation A 450/A 450M),
4.1.8 Specication designation,
4.1.9 Special requirements, and
4.2 Any supplementary requirements.
5. General Requirements
5.1 Material furnished under this specication shall con-
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition
of Specication A 450/A 450M, unless otherwise provided
herein.
6. Manufacture
6.1 The tubes shall be made by the seamless or welded
process.
6.2 At the manufacturers option, tubing may be furnished
either hot nished or cold nished.
7. Heat Treatment
7.1 All material shall be furnished in the heat-treated
condition. The heat treatment procedure, except for N08926
and N08367, shall consist of heating the material to a minimum
temperature of 1900F (1040C) and quenching in water or
1
This specication is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Mar. 10, 2001. Published May 2001. Originally
published as A 270 44 T. Last previous edition A 270 98a.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
4
Available from ASME International, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY
100165990.
5
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commmonwealth Drive,
Warrendale, PA 15096.
1
Copyright ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
rapid cooling by other means.
7.2 N08926 shall be heat-treated to a minimum temperature
of 2010F [1100C] followed by quenching in water or rapidly
cooling by other means. UNS N08367 should be solution
annealed from 2025F (1107C) minimum followed by rapid
quenching.
8. Chemical Composition
8.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to
chemical composition as prescribed in Table 1.
9. Product Analysis
9.1 When specied on the purchase order, a product analy-
sis of either one billet (when seamless material is supplied) or
one coil (when welded product is supplied), or from each of
two nished tubes per heat shall be supplied. The product
analysis tolerance of Specication A 480/A 480M shall apply.
9.2 If the analysis of one of these test specimens does not
conform to the requirements specied, an analysis of two
billets or two lengths of at-rolled stock from the same heat or
an analysis of two tubes from the same lot may be made, each
of which shall conform to the requirements specied.
10. Mechanical Tests Required
10.1 Reverse Flattening TestFor welded tubes, one re-
verse attening test shall be made on a specimen from each
1500 ft (457 m) of nished tubing.
11. Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test
11.1 Each tube shall be subjected to the nondestructive
electric test or the hydrostatic test. The type of test to be used
shall be at the option of the manufacturer, unless otherwise
specied in the purchase order.
12. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
12.1 The following variations in dimensions shall apply,
unless pharmaceutical tubing (Supplementary Requirement
S2) is specied. When S2 is specied, the dimensions of Table
S2.3 shall apply.
12.1.1 Variations in outside diameter and length from those
specied shall not exceed the amount prescribed in Table 2 for
tubes with specied wall thicknesses of 0.049 in. (1.24 mm)
and over. For tubes specied with wall thicknesses under 0.049
in. (1.24 mm), the diameter tolerances shall be a matter for
agreement by the manufacturer and the purchaser.
12.1.2 When tubing >4 in. (101.6 mm) diameter is ordered,
additional ovality may be required for thin wall tubing. Thin
wall tubing applies when the specied wall is less than 0.150
in. (3.81 mm). When thin wall tubing is ordered, the maximum
and minimum diameter at any cross section shall deviate from
the specied diameter by no more than twice the permissible
variation in outside diameter given in Table 2; however, the
mean diameter at that cross section must still be within the
given permissible variation.
12.1.3 The wall thickness at any point shall not vary more
than 12
1
2 %, over and under, from the average wall thickness
specied.
13. Surface Finishes
13.1 The following surface nishes may be specied:
13.1.1 Mill FinishAnish without additional polishing or
operations intended to smooth the surface.
13.1.2 Mechanically Polished Surface FinishThe pur-
chaser may specify one of the following nish numbers for a
mechanically polished surface:
13.1.2.1 Finish No. 80A ground nish produced by pol-
ishing a tube with an abrasive media impregnated with No. 80
grit.
13.1.2.2 Finish No. 120A ground nish produced by
polishing a tube with an abrasive media impregnated with No.
120 grit.
13.1.2.3 Finish No. 180A ground nish produced by
polishing a tube with an abrasive media impregnated with No.
180 grit.
13.1.2.4 Finish No. 240A ground nish produced by
polishing a tube with an abrasive media impregnated with No.
240 grit.
13.1.2.5 Other mechanically polished nishes may be
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Element Grade TP 304 TP 304L . . . TP 316 TP 316L . . . . . .
UNS
Designation
A
S30400 S30403 S31254 S31600 S31603 N08926 N08367
Composition, %
Carbon, max 0.08 0.035
B
0.020 0.08 0.035
B
0.020 0.030
Manganese,
max
2.00 2.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
Phosphorus,
max
0.045 0.045 0.030 0.045 0.045 0.030 0.040
Sulfur, max 0.030 0.030 0.010 0.030 0.030 0.010 0.030
Silicon, max 1.00 1.00 0.80 1.00 1.00 0.50 1.00
Nickel 8.011.0 8.012.0 17.518.5 10.014.0 10.014.0 24.026.0 23.525.5
Chromium 18.020.0 18.020.0 19.520.5 16.018.0 16.018.0 19.021.0 20.022.0
Molybdenum . . . . . . 6.06.5 2.003.00 2.003.00 6.07.0 6.07.0
Nitrogen
C
. . . . . . 0.180.22 . . . . . . 0.150.25 0.180.25
Copper . . . . . . 0.501.00 . . . . . . 0.501.5 0.75 max
A
New designation established in accordance with ASTM E 527 and SAE J 1086.
B
For small diameter or thin walls or both, where many drawing passes are required, a carbon maximum of 0.040 % is necessary in grades TP304L and TP316L. Small
outside diameter tubes are dened as those less than 0.500 in. (12.7 mm) in outside diameter and light wall tubes as those less than 0.049 in. (1.24 mm) in average wall
thickness (0.044 in. (1.12 mm) in minimum wall thickness).
C
The method of analysis for nitrogen shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer.
A 270
2
agreed upon between the purchaser and manufacturer.
13.1.3 Electropolished FinishA bright reective nish
produced by electropolishing. The manufacturer may use other
polishing operations prior to electropolishing.
13.1.4 Maximum Roughness Average (Ra) Surface Finish
The customer may specify a maximum Ra on the inside
surface, outside surface, or both. The measurement of surface
roughness shall be in accordance with ASME B46.1.
13.1.4.1 When no agreement is made regarding Ra mea-
surement of longitudinally polished tube, disputes shall be
resolved using measurements made in accordance with ASME
B46.1.
13.2 The manufacturer shall select a manufacturing method
to produce the specied nish. The operations may or may not
include polishing.
13.2.1 The purchaser may specify the polishing type for
either the inside surface, outside surface or both for the nal
desired effect.
13.2.1.1 Longitudinally Polished Finish It is usually per-
formed on the inside surface only.
13.2.1.2 Circumferential (Rotary) Polished FinishThis
can be performed on either the inside surface, outside surface,
or both.
13.2.1.3 When the surface is nished by circumferential
mechanical polishing, the Ra measurement shall be measured
in the longitudinal direction. Roughness measurement of a
longitudinal mechanical polished surface shall be a matter of
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
13.3 Acceptance criteria for minor surface imperfections
shall be a matter for agreement by the manufacturer and the
purchaser.
13.4 Combinations of the above nishes for internal and
external surfaces may be specied. When tubes are polished on
one surface only, the other surface may be the regular mill
nish.
14. Product Marking
14.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specication
A 450/A 450M and specied in the order, the marking shall
include whether the tubing is seamless or welded, and the
surface nish.
15. Packaging
15.1 Unless otherwise specied in the order, all tubing shall
be protected for shipment by bundling, paper or burlap
wrapping, or boxing at the discretion of the manufacturer.
TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Dimensions
A
Size, Outside
Diameter,
in. (mm)
Permissible Variations in Outside
Diameter, in. (mm)
Permissible Variations in Cut
Length, in. (mm)
Over Under Over Under
1
1
2 (38.1) and under 0.002 (0.05) 0.008 (0.20)
1
8(3.2) 0
Over 1
1
2 (38.1) to 2
1
2 (63.5) 0.002 (0.05) 0.011 (0.28)
1
8 (3.2) 0
Over 2
1
2 (63.5) to 3 (76.2) 0.003 (0.08) 0.012 (0.30)
1
8(3.2) 0
Over 3 (76.2) to 4 (101.6) 0.003 (0.08) 0.015 (0.38)
1
8 (3.2) 0
Over 4 (101.6) to 5
1
2 (139.7), excl 0.015 (0.38) 0.015 (0.38)
3
16 (4.8) 0
5
1
2 (139.7) to 8 (203.2), excl 0.030 (0.76) 0.030 (0.76)
3
16(4.8) 0
8 (203.2) to 12 (304.8) 0.050 (1.27) 0.050 (1.27)
3
16 (4.8) 0
A
This table does not apply to pharmaceutical tubing; use Table S2.3 for tolerances on pharmaceutical tubing.
A 270
3
16. Keywords
16.1 austenitic stainless steel; seamless steel tube; stainless
steel tube; steel tube; welded steel tube
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specied by the purchaser in the
inquiry, contract, or order.
S1. Intergranular Corrosion Test
S1.1 When specied on the order, intergranular corrosion
tests shall be performed by the manufacturer on specimens
representative of the as-shipped condition. Tubes shall be
capable of passing intergranular corrosion tests in the as-
shipped condition. Tests shall be performed in accordance with
Practice E of Practices A 262.
S2. Pharmaceutical Quality Tubing
S2.1 Chemistry:
S2.1.1 When S31600 and S31603 are ordered, sulphur
content shall be restricted to the range of 0.005 to 0.017 %.
S2.2 Tensile Requirements:
S2.2.1 The material shall conform to the tensile require-
ments in Table S2.1.
S2.2.2 Tensile TestOne tension test shall be made on a
specimen of lots not more than 50 tubes. Tension tests shall be
made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50
tubes (see Note S2.1).
S2.3 Hardness Requirements:
S2.3.1 The hardness shall meet the requirements in Table
S2.1.
S2.3.2 Rockwell hardness tests shall be made on specimens
from two tubes from each lot (see Note S2.1).
S2.4 Manipulation Tests:
S2.4.1 One attening test shall be made on specimens from
each end of one nished tube, not the one used for the ange
test, from each lot (see Note S2.2).
S2.4.2 One ange test shall be made on specimens from
each end of one nished tube, not the one used for the
attening test, from each lot (see Note S2.2).
S2.5 Finish:
S2.5.1 Requirements for surface nish shall be stated on the
purchase order.
S2.6 Packaging:
S2.6.1 Unless the customer specied otherwise, all tubing
shall be end capped, plastic sleeved, and boxed.
NOTE S2.1For tension and hardness test requirements, the term lot
applies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and wall
thickness that are produced from the same heat of steel. When nal heat
treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of
the same size and the same heat that are heat treated in the same furnace
charge. When the nal heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, a lot shall
include all tubes of the same size and heat, annealed in the same furnace
at the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace speed.
NOTE S2.2For attening and ange requirements, the term lot applies
to all tubes prior to cutting of the same nominal size and wall thickness
that are produced from the same heat of steel. When nal heat treatment
is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of the same
size and from the same heat that are heat treated in the same furnace
charge. When the nal heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, the
number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a lot shall be
determined from the size of the tubes as prescribed in Table S2.2 and Table
S2.3.
S3. Chemical Cleaning (Passivation)
S3.1 When specied on the purchase order, the tubing shall
be chemically cleaned in accordance with a chemical treatment
listed in Specication A 967 following the nal polishing
operation. When tubing is supplied in an unpolished condition,
the cleaning shall be performed after the nal nishing
operation.
TABLE S2.1 Tensile and Hardness Requirements
Grade
UNS
Designation
Tensile
Strength
min, ksi
(MPa)
Yield
Strength
min, ksi
(MPa)
Elongation
in 2 in.
min, %
Rockwell
Hardness
Number,
max.
TP304 S30400 75 (515) 30 (205) 35 B90
TP304L S30403 70 (485) 25 (170) 35 B90
TP316 S31600 75 (515) 30 (205) 35 B90
TP316L S31603 70 (485) 25 (170) 35 B90
TABLE S2.2 Number of Tubes in a Lot Heat Treated by the
Continuous Process
Size of Tube Size of Lot
2 in. [50.8 mm] and over in outside
diameter and 0.200 in. [5.1 mm] and
over in wall thickness
not more than 50 tubes
Less than 2 in. [50.8 mm] but over 1 in.
[25.4 mm] in outside diameter or over 1
in.[25.4 mm] in outside diameter and
under 0.200 in. [5.1 mm] in wall
thickness
not more than 75 tubes
1 in. [25.4 mm] or less in outside
diameter
not more than 125 tubes
A 270
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TABLE S2.3 Permissible Variations in Dimensions
Size, Outside Diameter,
in. (mm)
Permissible Variations
Outside Diameter, in. (mm) Wall, in. percent of, nominal Cut Length, in. (mm)
Over Under Over Under Over Under
1.000 (25.4) and under 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13) 10 % 10 % 2 (50.8) 0
1
1
2 (38.1) to 2 (50.8) 0.008 (0.20) 0.008 (0.20) 10 % 10 % 2 (50.8) 0
2
1
2 (63.5) to 3 (76.8) 0.010 (0.25) 0.010 (0.25) 10 % 10 % 2 (50.8) 0
4 (101.6) 0.015 (0.38) 0.015 (0.38) 10 % 10 % 2 (50.8) 0
6 (152.4) 0.030 (0.76) 0.030 (0.76) 10 % 10 % 2 (50.8) 0
A 270
5