SPECIFICATION FOR SEAMLESS CARBON STEEL

PIPE FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE SERVICE

SA-106

(Identical with ASTM A 106-95 except for editorial differences in 8.1, 13.4, and 24.1 and the deletion of ASTM caveat 1.5.) 98

1. Scope NOTE 3 The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size)

has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as
1.1 This specification covers seamless carbon steel nominal diameter, size, and nominal size.
pipe for high-temperature service (Note 1) in NPS 18 1.5 DELETED
to NPS 48 inclusive, with nominal (average) wall
thickness as given in ANSI B36.10. Pipe having other
dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe com- 2. Referenced Documents
plies with all other requirements of this specification.
Pipe ordered under this specification shall be suitable 2.1 ASTM Standards:
for bending, flanging, and similar forming operations, A 520 Specification for Supplementary Requirements for
and for welding. When the steel is to be welded, it Seamless and Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon
is presupposed that a welding procedure suitable to the Steel Tubular Products for High-Temperature Service
grade of steel and intended use or service will be Conforming to ISO Recommendations for Boiler Con-
utilized (Note 2). struction
A 530/A 530M Specification for General Requirements
NOTE 1 Consideration should be given to possible graphitization for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
of the material at the higher temperatures at which it may be used.
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data
NOTE 2 Grade A rather than Grade B or Grade C pipe should to Determine Conformance With Specifications
be used for close coiling, or cold bending. The purpose for which E 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipe
the pipe is to be used should be stated in the order. This note is and Tubing
not intended to prohibit the cold bending of Grade B seamless pipe.
E 309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel
1.2 Supplementary requirements (S1 to S4) of an Tubular Products Using Magnetic Saturation
optional nature are provided for seamless pipe intended E 381 Method of Macrotech Testing, Inspection, and
for use in applications where a superior grade of pipe Rating Steel Products, Comprising Bars, Billets,
is required. These supplementary requirements call for Blooms, and Forgings
additional tests to be made and when desired shall be E 570 Practice for Flux Leakage Examination of Ferro-
so stated in the order. magnetic Steel Tubular Products

1.3 When these products are to be used in applications 2.2 ANSI Standard:
conforming to ISO Recommendations for Boiler Con- ANSI B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
struction, the requirements of Specification A 520 (Me- 2.3 Military Standards:
chanical Property Requirements Section) shall supple- MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
ment and supersede the requirements of this MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Ship-
specification. ment and Storage
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be 2.4 Federal Standard:
regarded as the standard. Fed. Std. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)

181
 SA-106 1998 SECTION II

Fed. Std. 183 Continuous Identification Marking of Iron transition material by any established procedure that
and Steel Products positively separates the grades.
2.5 Other Standards: 4.3 Pipe NPS 112 and under may be either hot
SSPC-SP6 Surface Preparation Specification No. 6 finished or cold drawn.
4.4 Unless otherwise specified, pipe NPS 2 and over
shall be furnished hot finished. When agreed upon
3. Ordering Information between the manufacturer and the purchaser, cold-drawn
3.1 Orders for materials under this specification pipe may be furnished.
should include the following, as required, to describe
the desired material adequately:
5. Heat Treatment 98
3.1.1 Quantity (feet or number of lengths),
5.1 Hot-finished pipe need not be heat treated. Cold-
3.1.2 Name of material (seamless carbon steel drawn pipe shall be heat treated after the final cold
pipe), draw pass at a temperature of 1200F (650C) or higher.
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
3.1.4 Manufacture (hot-finished or cold-drawn), 6. General Requirements 98
3.1.5 Size (either NPS and weight class or schedule 6.1 Material furnished to this specification shall con-
number, or both, or outside diameter and nominal wall form to the applicable requirements of the current
thickness, ANSI B36.10), edition of Specification A 530/A 530M unless otherwise
3.1.6 Length (specific or random, Section 20), provided herein.

3.1.7 Optional requirements (Section 9 and S1

to S4), 7. Chemical Composition
3.1.8 Test report required (Section on Certification 7.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as 98
of Specification A 530/A 530M), to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
3.1.9 Specification designation,
3.1.10 End use of material, 8. Heat Analysis
3.1.11 Hydrostatic test in accordance with Specifi- 8.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made
cation A 530/A 530M or 13.3 of this specification, or by the steel manufacturer to determine the percentages
NDE in accordance with Section 14 of this specification. of the elements specified in Section 7. If the secondary
3.1.12 Special requirements. melting processes of 4.1 are employed, the heat analysis
shall be obtained from one remelted ingot or the product
of one remelted ingot of each primary melt. The
chemical composition thus determined, or that deter-
98 4. Process
mined from a product analysis made by the manufac-
4.1 The steel shall be killed steel made by one or turer, if the latter has not manufactured the steel,
more of the following processes: open-hearth, basic- shall be reported to the purchaser or the purchasers
oxygen, or electric-furnace. The primary melting may representative, and shall conform to the requirements
incorporate separate degassing or refining, and may specified in Section 7.
be followed by secondary melting, using electroslag
remelting or vacuum-arc remelting. If secondary melting
is employed, the heat shall be defined as all of the 9. Product Analysis
ingots remelted from a single primary heat.
9.1 At the request of the purchaser, analyses of two
4.2 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be strand pipes from each lot (Note 4) of 400 lengths or fraction
cast. When steels of different grades are sequentially thereof, of each size up to, but not including, NPS 6,
strand case, identification of the resultant transition and from each lot of 200 lengths or fraction thereof
material is required. The producer shall remove the of each size NPS 6 and over, shall be made by the

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 PART A FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS SA-106

manufacturer from the finished pipe. The results of 12. Flattening Tests
these analyses shall be reported to the purchaser or
12.1 For pipe over NPS 2 a section of pipe not less
the purchasers representative and shall conform to the
than 212 in. (63.5 mm) in length shall be flattened
requirements specified in Section 7.
cold between parallel plates until the opposite walls
9.2 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in of the pipe meet. Flattening tests shall be in accordance
9.1 does not conform to the requirements specified in with Specification A 530/A 530M, except that in the
Section 7, analyses shall be made on additional pipes formula used to calculate the H value, the following
of double the original number from the same lot, each e constants shall be used:
of which shall conform to requirements specified.
0.08 for Grade A
NOTE 4 A lot shall consist of the number of lengths specified 0.07 for Grades B and C
in Sections 9 and 20 of the same size and wall thickness from any
one heat of steel.
12.2 When low D-to-t ratio tubulars are tested,
because the strain imposed due to geometry is unreason-
ably high on the inside surface at the six and twelve
10. Tensile Requirements oclock locations, cracks at these locations shall not
be cause for rejection if the D-to-t ratio is less than 10.
98 10.1 The material shall conform to the requirements
NOTE 6 The H values have been calculated for sizes from
as to tensile properties prescribed in Tables 2 and 3. NPS 212 to 24, inclusive, and are shown in Table X1.1 of this
specification.

11. Bending Requirements 13. Hydrostatic Test

98 11.1 For pipe NPS 2 and under a sufficient length 13.1 Each length of pipe shall withstand without 98
of pipe shall stand being bent cold through 90 around leakage through the pipe wall, a hydrostatic test, except
a cylindrical mandrel, the diameter of which is 12 as provided for in 13.2, 13.3, and 13.4.
times the nominal diameter (as shown in ANSI B36.10)
13.2 When specified by the purchaser, pipe may be
of the pipe, without developing cracks. When ordered
tested by the nondestructive electric test method in lieu
for close coiling (Note 2), the pipe shall stand being
of the hydrostatic test as shown in Section 14.
bent cold through 180 around a cylindrical mandrel,
the diameter of which is eight times the outside diameter 13.3 When specified in the order, pipe may be
(as shown in ANSI B36.10) of the pipe, without failure. furnished without hydrostatic test and without the NDE
in Section 14. In this case, each length so furnished
11.2 For pipe whose diameter equals or exceeds 10 shall include the mandatory marking of the letters
in. (254 mm) a bend test may be conducted instead NH.
of the flattening test. The bend test specimens shall
be bent at room temperature through 180 without 13.4 When the hydrostatic test and the NDE test
cracking on the outside of the bent portion. The inside are omitted and the lengths marked with the letters
diameter of the bend shall be 1 in. (25.4 mm). Substitu- NH, the certification, when required, shall clearly
tion of the bend test for the flattening test shall be state Not Hydrostatically Tested, the specification
subject to the approval of the purchaser. number and material grade, as shown on the certification,
shall be followed by the letters NH.
11.3 For pipe whose diameter exceeds 25 in. (635
mm) and whose diameter to wall thickness ratio is 7.0
or less, the bend test described in 11.2 shall be conducted 14. Nondestructive Electric Test
instead of the flattening test.
14.1 As an alternative to the hydrostatic test, and
NOTE 5 Diameter to wall thickness ratio p specified outside
when specified by the purchaser, each pipe shall be
diameter/nominal wall thickness. tested with a nondestructive electric test in accordance
with Practice E 213, Practice E 309, or Practice E
Example: For 28 in. diameter 5.000 in. thick pipe 570. In this case, each length so furnished shall include
the diameter to wall thickness ratio p 28/5 p 5.6. the mandatory marking of the letters NDE. It is the

183
 SA-106 1998 SECTION II

intent of this test to reject pipe with imperfections one of the three common notch shapes shown in Practice
which produce test signals equal to or greater than that E 213. The depth of notch shall not exceed 1212% of
of the calibration standard. the specified wall thickness of the pipe or 0.004 in.
(0.102 mm), whichever is greater.
14.2 When the nondestructive electric test is per-
formed, the lengths shall be marked with the letters 14.5 For eddy current testing, the calibration pipe
NDE. The certification, when required, shall state shall contain, at the option of the producer, any one
Nondestructive Electric Tested and shall indicate of the following discontinuities to establish a minimum
which of the tests was applied. Also the letters NDE sensitivity level for rejection:
shall be appended to the product specification number
and material grade shown on the certification. 14.5.1 Drilled Hole The calibration pipe shall
contain depending upon the pipe diameter three holes
14.3 The following information is for the benefit of spaced 120 apart or four holes spaced 90 apart and
the user of this specification: sufficiently separated longitudinally to ensure separately
98 14.3.1 The reference standards defined in 14.4 distinguishable responses. The holes shall be drilled
through 14.6 are convenient standards for calibration radially and completely through the pipe wall, care
of nondestructive testing equipment. The dimensions being taken to avoid distortion of the pipe while drilling.
of these standards should not be construed as the Depending upon the pipe diameter the calibration pipe
minimum size imperfection detectable by such shall contain the following hole:
1
2 in. 0.039 in. (1 mm)
equipment. > 2 1 4 in.
1 1 0.055 in. (1.4 mm)
> 114 2 in. 0.071 in. (1.8 mm)
14.3.2 The ultrasonic testing can be performed to > 2 5 in. 0.087 in. (2.2 mm)
detect both longitudinally and circumferentially oriented > 5 in. 0.106 in. (2.7 mm)
defects. It should be recognized that different techniques
should be employed to detect differently oriented imper- 14.5.2 Transverse Tangential Notch Using a
fections. The examination may not detect short, deep round tool or file with a 14 in. (6.4 mm) diameter, a
defects. notch shall be filed or milled tangential to the surface
and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the pipe. Said
14.3.3 The eddy current examination referenced notch shall have a depth not exceeding 1212% of the
in this specification has the capability of detecting specified wall thickness of the pipe or 0.004 in. (0.102
significant discontinuities, especially of the short mm), whichever is greater.
abrupt type.
14.5.3 Longitudinal Notch A notch 0.031 in. 98
14.3.4 The flux leakage examination referred to (0.787 mm) or less in width shall be machined in a
in this specification is capable of detecting the presence radial place parallel to the tube axis on the outside
and location of significant longitudinally or transversely surface of the pipe, to have a depth not exceeding
oriented discontinuities. It should be recognized that 1212% of the specified wall thickness of the tube or
different techniques should be employed to detect differ- 0.004 in. (0.102 mm), whichever is greater. The length
ently oriented imperfections. of the notch shall be compatible with the testing method.
14.3.5 The hydrostatic test referred to in Section
14.5.4 Compatibility The discontinuity in the
13 has the capability of finding defects of a size
calibration pipe shall be compatible with the testing
permitting the test fluid to leak through the tube wall
equipment and the method being used.
and may be either visually seen or detected by a loss
of pressure. This test may not detect very tight, through- 14.6 For flux leakage testing, the longitudinal calibra-
the-wall defects or defects that extend an appreciable tion reference notches shall be straight-sided notches
distance into the wall without complete penetration. machined in a radial plane parallel to the pipe axis.
For wall thickness under 12 in. (12.7 mm), outside and
14.3.6 A purchaser interested in ascertaining the
inside notches shall be used; for wall thickness equal
nature (type, size, location, and orientation) of disconti-
and above 12 in. (12.7 mm), only an outside notch
nuities that can be detected in the specific application
shall be used. Notch depth shall not exceed 1212% of
of these examinations should discuss this with the
the specified wall thickness, or 0.004 in. (0.102 mm),
manufacturer of the tubular product.
whichever is greater. Notch length shall not exceed 1
14.4 For ultrasonic testing, the calibration reference in. (25.4 mm), and the width shall not exceed the
notches shall be, at the option of the producer, any depth. Outside diameter and inside diameter notches

184
 PART A FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS SA-106

shall be located sufficiently apart to allow separation and smaller may be weighed in convenient lots; pipe
and identification of the signals. larger than NPS 4 shall be weighed separately.
14.7 Pipe producing a signal equal to or greater than 16.2 Diameter Variations in outside diameter shall 98
the signal produced by the calibration standard shall not exceed those specified in Table 4.
be subject to rejection. The area producing the signal
16.3 Thickness The minimum wall thickness at
may be reexamined.
any point shall not be more than 12.5% under the
14.7.1 Test signals produced by imperfections nominal wall thickness specified.
which cannot be identified, or produced by cracks or
NOTE 7 The minimum wall thicknesses on inspection of some
crack-like imperfections shall result in rejection of the of the available sizes are shown in Table X2.1.
pipe, unless it is repaired and retested. To be accepted,
the pipe must pass the same specification test to which
it was originally subjected, provided that the remaining
17. Lengths
wall thickness is not decreased below that permitted
by this specification. The OD at the point of grinding 17.1 Pipe lengths shall be in accordance with the
may be reduced by the amount so reduced. following regular practice:
98 14.7.2 Test signals produced by visual imperfec- 17.1.1 The lengths required shall be specified in
tions such as those listed below may be evaluated in the order, and
accordance with the provisions of Section 18:
17.1.2 No jointers are permitted unless otherwise
14.7.2.1 Dinges, specified.

14.7.2.2 Straightener marks, 17.1.3 If definite lengths are not required, pipe
may be ordered in single random lengths of 16 to 22
14.7.2.3 Cutting chips, ft (4.8 to 6.7 m) with 5% 12 to 16 ft (3.7 to 4.8 m),
or in double random lengths with a minimum average
14.7.2.4 Scratches, of 35 ft (10.7 m) and a minimum length of 22 ft with
14.7.2.5 Steel die stamps, 5% 16 to 22 ft.

14.7.2.6 Stop marks, or

18. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
14.7.2.7 Pipe reducer ripple.
18.1 The pipe manufacturer shall explore a sufficient
14.8 The test methods described in this section may number of visual surface imperfections to provide rea-
not be capable of inspecting the end portion of pipes. sonable assurance that they have been properly evaluated
This condition is referred to as end effect. The length with respect to depth. Exploration of all surface imper-
of the end effect shall be determined by the manufacturer fections is not required but may be necessary to assure
and, when specified in the purchase order, reported to compliance with 18.2.
the purchaser.
18.2 Surface imperfections that penetrate more than
1212% of the nominal wall thickness or encroach on
15. Nipples the minimum wall thickness shall be considered defects.
Pipe with such defects shall be given one of the
15.1 Nipples shall be cut from pipe of the same following dispositions:
dimensions and quality described in this specification.
18.2.1 The defect may be removed by grinding
provided that the remaining wall thickness is within
specified limits.
16. Dimensions, Weight, and Permissible
Variations 18.2.2 Repaired in accordance with the repair
welding provisions of 18.6.
16.1 Weight The weight of any length of pipe
shall not vary more than 10% over and 3.5% under 18.2.3 The section of pipe containing the defect
that specified. Unless otherwise agreed upon between may be cut off within the limits of requirements on
the manufacturer and the purchaser, pipe in NPS 4 length.

185
SA-106 1998 SECTION II

18.2.4 Rejected. 19.1.3 NPS 2 and Larger Walls over extra

strong weights, shall be plain-end square cut.
18.3 To provide a workmanlike finish and basis for
evaluating conformance with 18.2 the pipe manufacturer NOTE 9 Plain-end beveled is defined as plain-end pipe having
a bevel angle of 30, +5 or 0, as measured from a line drawn
shall remove by grinding the following noninjurious perpendicular to the axis of the pipe with a root face of 116 in. 6
imperfections: 1
32 in. (1.5875 6 0.7938 mm). Other bevel angles may be specified
by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
18.3.1 Mechanical marks, abrasions (Note 8) and
pits, any of which imperfections are deeper than 116
in. (1.58 mm).
20. Number of Tests
18.3.2 Visual imperfections commonly referred to 20.1 The tensile requirements specified in Section 7
as scabs, seams, laps, tears, or slivers found by explora- shall be determined on one length of pipe from each
tion in accordance with 18.1 to be deeper than 5% of lot (Note 4) of 400 lengths or fraction thereof of each
the nominal wall thickness. size under NPS 6, and from each lot of 200 lengths
18.4 At the purchasers discretion, pipe shall be or fraction thereof of each size NPS 6 and over.
subjected to rejection if surface imperfections acceptable 20.2 For pipe NPS 2 and under, the bend test
under 18.2 are not scattered, but appear over a large specified in 11.1 shall be made on one pipe from each
area in excess of what is considered a workmanlike lot of 400 lengths or fraction thereof of each size. The
finish. Disposition of such a pipe shall be a matter of bend test, where used as permitted by 11.2 or required
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. by 11.3, shall be made on one end of 5% of the pipe
18.5 When imperfections or defects are removed by from each lot. For small lots, at least one pipe shall
grinding, a smooth curved surface shall be maintained, be tested.
and the wall thickness shall not be decreased below 20.3 The flattening test specified in Section 12 shall
that permitted by this specification. The outside diameter be made on one length of pipe from each lot of 400
at the point of grinding may be reduced by the amount lengths or fraction thereof of each size over NPS 2,
so removed. up to but not including NPS 6, and from each lot of
18.5.1 Wall thickness measurements shall be made 200 lengths or fraction thereof, of each size NPS 6
with a mechanical caliper or with a properly calibrated and over.
nondestructive testing device of appropriate accuracy. 20.4 Each length of pipe shall be subjected to the
In case of dispute, the measurement determined by use hydrostatic test specified in Section 13.
of the mechanical caliper shall govern.
20.5 If any test specimen shows defective machining
18.6 Weld repair shall be permitted only subject to or develops flaws, it may be discarded and another
the approval of the purchaser and in accordance with specimen substituted.
Specification A 530/A 530M.
18.7 The finished pipe shall be reasonably straight.
21. Retests
NOTE 8 Marks and abrasions are defined as cable marks, dinges,
guide marks, roll marks, ball scratches, scores, die marks, etc. 21.1 If the percentage of elongation of any tension
test specimen is less than that prescribed in Table 1
and any part of the fracture is more than 34 in (19.0
mm) from the center of the gage length of a 2 in., or
19. End Finish 50 mm, specimen as indicated by scribe scratches
19.1 The pipe shall be furnished to the following marked on the specimen before testing, a retest shall
practice, unless otherwise specified. be allowed. If a specimen breaks in an inside or outside
surface flaw, a retest shall be allowed.
19.1.1 NPS 112 and Smaller All walls shall
be either plain-end square cut, or plain-end beveled at 21.2 Should a crop end of a finished pipe fail in
the option of the manufacturer. the flattening test, one retest may be made from the
failed end. Pipe may be normalized either before or
19.1.2 NPS 2 and Larger Walls through extra after the first test, but pipe shall be subjected to only
strong weights, shall be plain end-beveled. two normalizing treatments.

186
 PART A FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS SA-106

22. Test Specimens and Test Methods footage marked on the bundle tag; individual lengths
of pipe need not be marked with footage. For sizes
22.1 On NPS 8 and larger, specimens cut either
less than NPS 34, all required markings may be on
longitudinally or transversely shall be acceptable for
the bundle tag and shall include the total footage;
the tension test. On sizes smaller than NPS 8, the
individual lengths of pipe need not be marked with
longitudinal test only shall be used.
footage. If not marked on the bundle tag, all required
22.2 Test specimens for the bend test specified in marking shall be on each length.
Section 11 and for the flattening tests shall consist of
sections cut from a pipe. Specimens for flattening tests 24.2 When pipe sections are cut into shorter lengths
shall be smooth on the ends and free form burrs, except by a subsequent processor for resale as material, the
when made on crop ends. processor shall transfer complete identifying informa-
tion, including the name or brand of the manufacturer
22.3 Test specimens for the bend test specified in to each unmarked cut length, or to metal tags securely
11.2 and 11.3 shall be cut from one end of the pipe attached to bundles of unmarked small diameter pipe.
and, unless otherwise specified, shall be taken in a The same material designation shall be included with
transverse direction. One test specimen shall be taken the information transferred, and the processors name,
as close to the outer surface as possible and another trademark, or brand shall be added.
from as close to the inner surface as possible. The
specimens shall be either 12 by 12 in. (12.7 by 12.7 24.3 Bar Coding In addition to the requirements 98
mm) in section or 1 by 12 in. (25.4 by 12.7 mm) in in 24.1 and 24.2, bar coding is acceptable as a supple-
section with the corners rounded to a radius not over mentary identification method. The purchaser may spec-
1 ify in the order a specific bar coding system to be used.
16 in. (1.6 mm) and need not exceed 6 in. (152 mm)
in length. The side of the samples placed in tension
during the bend shall be the side closest to the inner
and outer surface of the pipe respectively.
22.4 All routine check tests shall be made at room 25. Government Procurement
temperature. 25.1 When specified in the contract, material shall 98
be preserved, packaged, and packed in accordance with
the requirements of MIL-STD-163. The applicable levels
23. Certification shall be as specified in the contract. Marking for the
98 23.1 When test reports are requested, in addition to shipment of such material shall be in accordance with
the requirements of Specification A 530/A 530M, the Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies and MIL-STD-
producer or supplier shall furnish to the purchaser a 129 or Fed. Std. No. 183 if continuous marking is
chemical analysis report for the elements specified in required for military agencies.
Table 1.
25.2 Inspection Unless otherwise specified in the
contract, the producer is responsible for the performance
24. Product Marking of all inspection and test requirements specified herein.
Except as otherwise specified in the contract, the pro-
98 24.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specifi- ducer may use his own, or any other suitable facilities for
cation A 530/A 530M, the marking shall include heat the performance of the inspection and test requirements
number, the information as per Table 5, an additional specified herein, unless disapproved by the purchaser.
symbol S if the pipe conforms in any case to the The purchaser shall have the right to perform any of
supplementary requirements specified in S1 to S5, the the inspections and tests set forth in this specification
length and schedule number, and on pipe sizes larger where such inspections are deemed necessary to ensure
than NPS 4 the weight shall be given. Length shall that the material conforms to the prescribed require-
be marked in feet and tenths of a foot, or metres to ments.
two decimal places, depending on the units to which
the material was ordered, or other marking subject to
agreement. For sizes NPS 112, 114, 1, and 34, each
length shall be marked as prescribed in Specification
26. Keywords
A 530/A 530M. These sizes shall be bundled in accord-
ance with standard mill practice and the total bundle 26.1 carbon steel pipe; seamless steel pipe; steel pipe 98

187
SA-106 1998 SECTION II

98 TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS

Composition, %

Grade A Grade B Grade C

Carbon, max A 0.25 0.30 0.35
Manganese 0.270.93 0.291.06 0.291.06
Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.035 0.035
Sulfur, max 0.035 0.035 0.035
Silicon, min 0.10 0.10 0.10
Chrome, max B 0.40 0.40 0.40
Copper, max B 0.40 0.40 0.40
Molybdenum,
max B 0.15 0.15 0.15
Nickel, max B 0.40 0.40 0.40
Vanadium, max B 0.08 0.08 0.08
A For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified carbon maxi-

mum, an increase of 0.06% manganese above the specified maximum

will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.35%.
B These five elements combined shall not exceed 1%.

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 PART A FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS SA-106

TABLE 2 98
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS

Grade A
(Explanatory
Note 2) Grade B Grade C

Tensile strength, min, psi (MPa) 48 000 (330) 60 000 (415) 70 000 (485)
Yield strength, min, psi (MPa) 30 000 (205) 35 000 (240) 40 000 (275)

Longitu- Longitu- Longitu-

dinal Transverse dinal Transverse dinal Transverse

Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %:

Basic minimum elongation transverse strip tests, and for all small
sizes tested in full section 35 25 30 16.5 30 16.5
When standard round 2 in. or 50 mm gage length test specimen is
used 28 20 22 12 20 12
For longitudinal strip tests A,B A,B A,B

For transverse strip tests, a deduction for each 132 in. (0.8 mm)
decrease in wall thickness below 516 in. (7.9 mm) from the basic
minimum elongation of the following percentage shall be made 1.25 C 1.00 C 1.00 C
A The minimum elongation in 2 in. (50.8 mm) shall be determined by the following equation:

e p 625 000 A0.2/U0.9

where:
e p minimum elongation in 2 in. (50.8 mm), %, rounded to the nearest 0.5%.
A p cross-sectional area of the tension test specimen, in.2, based on specified outside diameter or nominal specimen width and specified wall
thickness rounded to the nearest 0.01 in.2 If the area thus calculated is greater than 0.75 in.2 shall be used, and
U p specified tensile strength, psi.
B See Table 3 for minimum elongation values for various size tension specimens and grades.
C The following table gives the computed minimum values:

Wall Thickness Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %

in. mm Grade A, Transverse Grades B and C, Transverse

5 (0.312) 7.9 25.00 16.50
16
9 (0.281) 7.1 23.75 15.50
32
1 (0.250) 6.4 22.50 14.50
4
7
32 (0.219) 5.6 ... ...
3
16 (0.188) 4.8 ... ...
5
32 (0.156) 4.0 ... ...
1 (0.125) 3.2 ... ...
8
3
32 (0.094) 2.4 ... ...
1
16 (0.062) 1.6 ... ...
Note The above table gives the computed minimum elongation values for each 132 in. (0.8 mm) decrease in wall thickness. Where the wall
thickness lies between two values shown above, the minimum elongation value is determined by the following equation:

Grade Direction of Test Equation

A Transverse E p 40 t + 12.50
B and C Transverse E p 32 t + 6.40

where:
E p elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, %, and
t p actual thickness of specimen, in.

189
 SA-106 1998 SECTION II

98 TABLE 3
ELONGATION VALUES

Elongation in 2 in. min., Specified

Tensile Strength, psi
Tension Test Specimen Wall Thickness, in. [Note (2)]
Grade A Grade B Grade C
Area, in.2
[Note (1)] 1 in. Specimen 3 in. Specimen 1 in. Specimen 112 in. Specimen 48 000 60 000 70 000
2 4

0.75 1.491 0.994 0.746 0.497 36.0 29.5 25.5

0.74 1.4701.490 0.9880.993 0.7350.745 0.4900.496 36.0 29.5 25.5
0.73 1.4511.469 0.9670.979 0.7260.734 0.4840.489 36.0 29.5 25.5
0.72 1.4301.450 0.9540.966 0.7150.725 0.4770.483 36.0 29.5 25.5
0.71 1.4111.429 0.9410.953 0.7060.714 0.4710.476 35.5 29.0 25.5

0.70 1.3901.410 0.9270.940 0.6950.705 0.4640.470 35.5 29.0 25.5

0.69 1.3711.389 0.9140.926 0.6860.694 0.4570.463 35.5 29.0 25.5
0.68 1.3501.370 0.9000.913 0.6750.685 0.4500.456 35.5 29.0 25.0
0.67 1.3311.349 0.8870.899 0.6660.674 0.4440.449 35.5 29.0 25.0
0.66 1.3101.330 0.8740.886 0.6550.665 0.4370.443 35.0 29.0 25.0

0.65 1.2911.309 0.8610.873 0.6460.654 0.4310.436 35.0 28.5 25.0

0.64 1.2701.290 0.8470.860 0.6350.645 0.4240.430 35.0 28.5 25.0
0.63 1.2511.269 0.8340.846 0.6260.634 0.4170.423 35.0 28.5 25.0
0.62 1.2301.250 0.8200.833 0.6150.625 0.4100.416 35.0 28.5 25.0
0.61 1.2111.229 0.8070.819 0.6060.614 0.4040.409 34.5 28.5 24.5

0.60 1.1901.210 0.7940.806 0.5950.605 0.3970.403 34.5 28.5 24.5

0.59 1.1711.189 0.7810.793 0.5860.594 0.3910.396 34.5 28.0 24.5
0.58 1.1501.170 0.7670.780 0.5750.585 0.3840.390 34.5 28.0 24.5
0.57 1.1311.149 0.7540.766 0.5660.574 0.3770.383 34.0 28.0 24.5
0.56 1.1101.130 0.7400.753 0.5550.565 0.3700.376 34.0 28.0 24.5

0.55 1.0911.109 0.7270.739 0.5460.554 0.3640.369 34.0 28.0 24.9

0.54 1.0701.090 0.7140.726 0.5350.545 0.3570.363 34.0 27.5 24.0
0.53 1.0511.069 0.7010.713 0.5260.534 0.3510.356 33.5 27.5 24.0
0.52 1.0301.050 0.6870.700 0.5150.525 0.3440.350 33.5 27.5 24.0
0.51 1.0111.029 0.6740.686 0.5060.514 0.3370.343 33.5 27.5 24.0

0.50 0.9901.010 0.6600.673 0.4950.505 0.3300.336 33.5 27.0 23.5

0.49 0.9710.989 0.6470.659 0.4860.494 0.3240.329 33.0 27.0 23.5
0.48 0.9500.970 0.6340.646 0.4750.485 0.3170.323 33.0 27.0 23.5
0.47 0.9310.949 0.6210.633 0.4660.474 0.3110.316 33.0 27.0 23.5
0.46 0.9100.930 0.6070.620 0.4550.465 0.3040.310 33.0 27.0 23.5

0.45 0.8910.909 0.5940.606 0.4460.454 0.2970.303 32.5 26.5 23.0

0.44 0.8700.890 0.5800.593 0.4350.445 0.2900.296 32.5 26.5 23.0
0.43 0.8510.869 0.5670.579 0.4260.434 0.2840.289 32.5 26.5 23.0
0.42 0.8300.850 0.5540.566 0.4150.425 0.2770.283 32.0 26.5 23.0
0.41 0.8110.829 0.5410.553 0.4060.414 0.2710.276 32.0 26.0 23.0

0.40 0.7900.810 0.5270.540 0.3950.405 0.2640.270 32.0 26.0 22.5

0.39 0.7710.789 0.5140.526 0.3860.394 0.2570.263 31.5 26.0 22.5
0.38 0.7500.770 0.5000.513 0.3750.385 0.2500.256 31.5 26.0 22.5
0.37 0.7310.749 0.4870.499 0.3660.374 0.2440.249 31.5 25.5 22.5
0.36 0.7100.730 0.4740.486 0.3550.365 0.2370.243 31.0 25.5 22.0

190
 PART A FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS SA-106

TABLE 3 (CONTD)
ELONGATION VALUES

Elongation in 2 in. min., Specified

Tensile Strength, psi
Tension Test Specimen Wall Thickness, in. [Note (2)]
Grade A Grade B Grade C
Area, in.2
[Note (1)] 1 in. Specimen 3 in. Specimen 1 in. Specimen 112 in. Specimen 48 000 60 000 70 000
2 4

0.35 0.6910.709 0.4610.473 0.3460.354 0.2310.236 31.0 25.5 22.0

0.34 0.6700.690 0.4470.460 0.3350.345 0.2240.230 31.0 25.0 22.0
0.33 0.6510.669 0.4340.446 0.3260.334 0.2170.223 30.5 25.0 22.0
0.32 0.6300.650 0.4200.433 0.3150.325 0.2100.216 30.5 25.0 21.5
0.31 0.6110.629 0.4070.419 0.3060.314 0.2040.209 30.5 25.0 21.5

0.30 0.5900.610 0.3940.406 0.2950.305 0.1970.203 30.0 24.5 21.5

0.29 0.5710.589 0.3810.393 0.2860.294 0.1910.196 30.0 24.5 21.5
0.28 0.5500.570 0.3670.380 0.2750.285 0.1840.190 29.5 24.5 21.0
0.27 0.5310.549 0.3540.366 0.2660.274 0.1770.183 29.5 24.0 21.0
0.26 0.5100.530 0.3400.353 0.2550.265 0.1700.176 29.0 24.0 21.0

0.25 0.4910.509 0.3270.339 0.2460.254 0.1640.169 29.0 23.5 20.5

0.24 0.4700.490 0.3140.326 0.2350.245 0.1570.163 29.0 23.5 20.5
0.23 0.4510.469 0.3010.313 0.2260.234 0.1510.156 28.5 23.5 20.5
0.22 0.4300.450 0.2870.300 0.2150.225 0.1440.150 28.5 23.0 20.0
0.21 0.4110.429 0.2740.286 0.2060.214 0.1370.143 28.0 23.0 20.0

0.20 0.3900.410 0.2600.273 0.1950.205 0.1300.136 27.5 22.5 19.5

0.19 0.3710.389 0.2470.259 0.1860.194 0.1240.129 27.5 22.5 19.5
0.18 0.3500.370 0.2340.246 0.1750.185 0.1170.123 27.0 22.0 19.5
0.17 0.3310.349 0.2210.233 0.1660.174 0.1110.116 27.0 22.0 19.0
0.16 0.3100.330 0.2070.220 0.1550.165 0.1040.110 26.5 21.5 19.0

0.15 0.2910.309 0.1940.206 0.1460.154 0.0970.103 26.0 21.5 18.5

0.14 0.2700.290 0.1800.193 0.1350.145 0.0910.096 26.0 21.0 18.5
0.13 0.2510.269 0.1670.179 0.1260.134 0.0840.090 25.5 21.0 18.0
0.12 0.2300.250 0.1540.166 0.1150.125 0.0770.083 25.0 20.5 18.0
0.11 0.2110.229 0.1410.153 0.1060.114 0.0710.076 24.5 20.0 17.5

0.10 0.1900.210 0.1270.140 0.0950.105 0.0640.070 24.0 19.5 17.0

0.09 0.1710.189 0.1140.126 0.0860.094 0.0570.063 23.5 19.5 17.0
0.08 0.1500.170 0.1000.113 0.0750.085 0.0500.056 23.0 19.0 16.5
0.07 0.1310.149 0.0870.099 0.0660.074 0.0440.049 22.5 18.5 16.0
0.06 0.1100.130 0.0740.086 0.0550.065 0.0370.043 22.0 18.0 15.5

0.05 0.0910.109 0.0610.073 0.0460.054 0.0310.036 21.0 17.0 15.0

0.04 0.0700.090 0.0470.060 0.0350.045 0.0240.030 20.0 16.5 14.5
0.03 0.0510.069 0.0340.046 0.0260.034 0.0170.023 19.0 15.5 13.5
0.02 0.0300.050 0.0200.033 0.0150.025 0.0100.016 17.5 14.5 12.5
0.01 0.029 0.019 0.014 0.009 15.0 12.5 11.0
NOTES:
(1) 1 in.2 p 645.16 mm2.
(2) 1 in. p 25.4 mm.

191
SA-106 1998 SECTION II

98 TABLE 4
VARIATIONS IN OUTSIDE DIAMETER

Permissible Variations in Outside

Diameter

Over Under

NPS Designator in. mm in. mm

1 11 1 1
8 to 2, incl 64 (0.015) 0.40 64 (0.015) 0.40
Over 112 to 4, incl 1
32 (0.031) 0.79 1
32 (0.031) 0.79
Over 4 to 8, incl 1 (0.062) 1.59 1 (0.031) 0.79
16 32
Over 8 to 18, incl 3 (0.093) 2.38 1 (0.031) 0.79
32 32
Over 18 to 26, incl 1 (0.125) 3.18 1 (0.031) 0.79
8 32
Over 26 to 34, incl 5 (0.156) 3.97 1 (0.031) 0.79
32 32
Over 34 to 48, incl 3 (0.187) 4.76 1 (0.031) 0.79
16 32

98 TABLE 5
MARKING

Hydro NDE Marking

Yes No Test Pressure
No Yes NDE
No No NH
Yes Yes Test Pressure/NDE

192
 PART A FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS SA-106

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS 98

One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when
specified in the purchase order. The purchaser may specify a different frequency
of test or analysis than is provided in the supplementary requirement. Subject to
agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer, retest and retreatment provisions
of these supplementary requirements may also be modified.

S1. Product Analysis and similar objectionable defects. If this supplementary

requirement is specified, the number of tests per pipe
S1.1 Product analysis shall be made on each length
required shall also be specified. If a specimen from
of pipe. Individual lengths failing to conform to the
any length shows objectionable defects, the length shall
chemical composition requirements shall be rejected.
be rejected, subject to removal of the defective end
and subsequent retests indicating the remainder of the
length to be sound and reasonably uniform material.
S2. Transverse Tension Test
S2.1 A transverse tension test shall be made on a
specimen from one end or both ends of each pipe S5. Carbon Equivalent
NPS 8 and over. If this supplementary requirement is
specified, the number of tests per pipe shall also be S5.1 The steel shall conform to a carbon equivalent
specified. If a specimen from any length fails to meet (CE) of 0.50 maximum as determined by the following
the required tensile properties (tensile, yield, and elonga- formula:
tion), that length shall be rejected subject to retreatment
in accordance with Specification A 530/A 530M and %Mn %Cr + %Mo + %V %Ni + %Cu
CE p %C + + +
satisfactory retest. 6 5 15

S5.2 A lower CE maximum may be agreed upon

between the purchaser and the producer.
S3. Flattening Test
S3.1 The flattening test of Specification A 530/A S5.3 The CE shall be reported on the test report.
530M shall be made on a specimen from one end or
both ends of each pipe. Crop ends may be used. If
this supplementary requirement is specified, the number S6. Heat Treated Test Specimens
of tests per pipe shall also be specified. If a specimen
from any length fails because of lack of ductility S6.1 At the request of the purchaser, one tensile test 98

prior to satisfactory completion of the first step of the shall be performed by the manufacturer on a test
flattening test requirement, that pipe shall be rejected specimen from each heat of steel furnished which has
subject to retreatment in accordance with Specification been either stress relieved at 1250F or normalized at
A 530/A 530M and satisfactory retest. If a specimen 1650F, as specified by the purchaser. Other stress
from any length of pipe fails because of a lack of relief or annealing temperatures, as appropriate to the
soundness, that length shall be rejected, unless subse- analysis, may be specified by agreement between the
quent retesting indicates that the remaining length is purchaser and the manufacturer. The results of this test
sound. shall meet the requirements of Table 2.

S4. Metal Structure and Etching Test S7. Internal Cleanliness Government Orders
S4.1 The steel shall be homogeneous as shown by S7.1 The internal surface of hot finished ferritic steel
etching tests conducted in accordance with the appro- pipe and tube shall be manufactured to a free of scale
priate sections of Method E 381. Etching tests shall condition equivalent to the visual standard listed in
be made on a cross section from one end or both ends SSPC-SP6. Cleaning shall be performed in accordance
of each pipe and shall show sound and reasonable with a written procedure that has been shown to be
uniform material free form injurious laminations, cracks, effective. This procedure shall be available for audit.

193
 SA-106 1998 SECTION II

APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. CALCULATED H VALUES FOR
SEAMLESS PIPE
98 X1.1 Table XI.1 and X1.2 lists values for H to be
used for the test of Section 12.

TABLE X1.1
CALCULATED H VALUES FOR SEAMLESS PIPE
Inch-Pound Units

Distance, in inches, Distance, in inches,

Between Plates Between Plates
H by Equation: H by Equation:
(1 + e) t (1 + e) t
Wall Hp Wall Hp
e + t/D e + t/D
NPS Outside Thick- Sched- NPS Outside Thick- Sched-
Desig- Diame- ness, ule Grade Grades Desig- Diame- ness, ule Grade Grades
nator ter, in. in. Number A B&C nator ter, in. in. Number A B&C

212 2.875 0.203 40 1.456 1.545 14 14.000 0.250 10 2.759 3.045

0.276 80 1.694 1.779 0.312 20 3.294 3.617
0.375 160 1.925 2.002 0.375 30 3.792 4.146
0.438 40 4.669 5.125
3 3.500 0.216 40 1.646 1.755 0.593 60 5.234 5.647
0.300 80 1.955 2.062 0.750 80 6.064 6.494
0.438 160 2.306 2.398 0.937 100 6.887 7.322
312 4.000 0.226 40 1.788 1.912 1.093 120 7.479 7.902
0.318 80 2.153 2.276 1.250 140 7.974 8.397
1.406 160 8.416 8.827
4 4.500 0.237 40 1.929 2.067
16 16.000 0.250 10 2.284 3.124
0.337 80 2.350 2.489
0.312 20 3.387 3.730
0.438 120 2.687 2.818
0.375 30 3.915 4.294
0.531 160 2.896 3.022
0.500 40 4.854 5.284
5 5.563 0.258 40 2.205 2.372 0.656 60 5.855 6.324
0.375 80 2.747 2.920 0.843 80 6.861 7.352
0.500 120 3.179 3.346 1.031 100 7.709 8.206
0.625 160 3.509 3.667 1.218 120 8.426 8.919
1.438 140 9.141 9.625
6 6.625 2.80 40 2.473 2.669 1.593 160 9.579 10.050
0.432 80 3.213 3.419
0.562 120 3.682 3.884 18 18.000 0.250 10 2.876 3.189
0.719 160 4.116 4.307 0.312 20 3.462 3.823
0.438 30 4.535 4.963
8 8.625 0.250 20 2.477 2.702 0.562 40 5.457 5.941
0.277 30 2.668 2.902 0.750 60 6.656 7.185
0.322 40 2.964 3.210 0.937 80 7.663 8.214
0.406 60 3.451 3.711 1.156 100 8.657 9.216
0.500 80 3.914 4.181 1.375 120 9.495 10.043
0.593 100 4.305 4.573 1.562 140 10.115 10.660
0.719 120 4.750 5.013 1.781 160 10.665 11.198
0.812 140 5.036 5.293
20 20.000 0.250 10 2.919 3.242
0.906 160 5.288 5.538
0.375 20 4.101 4.521
10 10.750 0.250 20 2.615 2.868 0.500 30 5.143 5.632
0.307 30 3.054 3.333 0.593 40 5.841 6.367
0.365 40 3.459 3.757 0.812 60 7.272 7.856
0.500 60 4.268 4.592 1.031 80 8.464 9.072
0.593 80 4.738 5.070 1.281 100 9.601 10.221
0.719 100 5.320 5.621 1.500 120 10.452 11.069
0.843 120 5.747 6.077 1.750 140 11.284 11.889
1.000 140 6.242 6.564 1.968 160 11.913 12.504
1.125 160 6.580 6.892
24 24.000 0.250 10 2.986 3.326
12 12.750 0.250 20 2.711 2.985 0.375 20 4.236 4.686
0.330 30 3.366 3.683 0.562 30 5.869 6.437
0.406 40 3.921 4.266 0.687 40 6.831 7.454
0.562 60 4.892 5.271 0.968 60 8.690 9.390
0.687 80 5.542 5.934 1.218 80 10.061 10.793
0.843 100 6.231 6.627 1.531 100 11.449 12.244
1.000 120 6.817 7.209 1.812 120 12.585 13.332
1.125 140 7.222 7.607 2.062 140 13.424 14.150
1.312 160 7.747 8.119 2.343 160 14.248 14.958

194
 PART A FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS SA-106

TABLE X1.2 98
CALCULATED H VALUES FOR SEAMLESS PIPE

SI Units

Distance, in mm, Distance, in mm

Between Plates Between Plates
H by Equation: H by Equation:
Out- Out-
(1 + e) t (1 + e) t
side Wall Hp side Wall Hp
e + t/D e + t/D
NPS Diam- Thick- Sched- NPS Diam- Thick- Sched-
Desig- eter, ness, ule Grade Grades Desig- eter, ness, ule Grade Grades
nator mm mm Number A B&C nator mm mm Number A B&C

212 73.0 5.16 40 37.0 39.2 14 355.6 6.35 10 70.1 77.3

7.01 80 43.0 45.2 7.92 20 83.7 91.8
9.52 160 48.9 50.8 9.52 30 96.3 105.3
11.13 40 118.6 130.2
3 88.9 5.49 40 41.8 44.6 15.06 60 132.9 143.4
7.62 80 49.6 52.4 19.05 80 154.0 165.0
11.13 160 58.6 60.9 23.80 100 174.9 186.0
27.76 120 190.0 200.7
312 101.6 5.74 40 45.4 48.6 31.75 140 202.5 213.3
8.08 80 54.7 57.8 35.71 160 213.8 224.2

4 114.3 6.02 40 49.0 52.5 16 406.4 6.35 10 71.7 79.4

8.56 80 59.7 63.2 7.92 20 89.0 94.7
11.13 120 67.0 71.6 9.52 30 99.4 109.1
13.49 160 73.6 76.8 12.70 40 123.3 143.2
16.66 60 148.7 160.6
5 141.3 6.55 40 56.0 60.2 21.41 80 174.3 186.7
9.52 80 69.8 74.2 26.19 100 195.8 208.4
12.70 120 80.8 85.0 30.94 120 214.0 226.6
15.88 160 89.1 93.1 36.53 140 232.2 244.5
40.46 160 243.3 255.3
6 168.3 7.11 40 62.8 67.8
10.97 80 81.6 86.8 18 457.2 6.35 10 73.0 81.0
14.27 120 93.5 98.6 7.92 20 87.9 97.1
18.24 160 104.6 109.4 11.13 30 115.2 126.1
14.27 40 139.5 150.9
19.05 60 169.1 182.5
8 219.1 6.35 20 63.0 68.6
23.80 80 194.6 208.6
7.04 30 67.8 73.7
29.36 100 219.9 234.1
8.18 40 75.3 81.5
34.92 120 241.2 255.1
10.31 60 87.7 94.3
39.67 140 256.9 270.7
12.70 80 99.4 106.2
45.24 160 270.9 284.4
15.06 100 109.4 116.2
18.24 120 120.6 127.3
20.62 140 127.9 134.4 20 508.0 6.35 10 74.1 82.4
23.01 160 134.3 140.7 9.52 20 104.2 114.8
12.70 30 130.6 143.0
15.06 40 148.4 161.7
10 273.0 6.35 20 66.4 72.8
20.62 60 184.7 199.5
7.80 30 77.6 84.7
26.19 80 215.0 230.4
9.27 40 87.9 95.4
32.54 100 243.9 259.6
12.70 60 108.4 116.6
38.10 120 265.5 281.2
15.06 80 120.4 128.8
44.45 140 286.6 302.0
18.24 100 135.1 142.8
49.99 160 302.6 317.6
21.41 120 146.0 154.4
25.40 140 158.6 166.7
28.58 160 167.1 175.1 24 609.6 6.35 10 75.8 84.5
9.52 20 107.6 119.0
14.27 30 149.1 163.5
12 323.8 6.35 20 68.9 75.8
17.35 40 173.5 189.3
8.38 30 85.5 93.6
24.59 60 220.7 238.5
10.31 40 99.6 108.4
30.94 80 255.6 274.1
14.27 60 124.3 133.9
38.89 100 290.8 311.0
17.35 80 140.8 150.7
46.02 120 319.7 338.6
21.41 100 158.3 168.3
52.37 140 341.0 359.4
25.40 120 173.2 183.1
59.51 160 361.9 379.9
28.58 140 183.4 193.2
33.32 160 196.8 206.2

195
 SA-106 1998 SECTION II

X2. MINIMUM WALL THICKNESSES

X2.1 Table X2.1 lists minimum wall thicknesses for
nominal pipe wall thickness.

98 TABLE X2.1
MINIMUM WALL THICKNESSES ON INSPECTION FOR NOMINAL (AVERAGE) PIPE WALL THICKNESS

Note 1 The following equation, upon which this table is based, may be applied to calculate minimum wall thickness from nominal (average)
wall thickness:
tn 0.875 p tm
where:
tn p nominal (average) wall thickness, in. and
tm p minimum wall thickness, in.
The wall thickness is expressed to three decimal places, the fourth decimal place being carried forward or dropped, in accordance with
Practice E 29.
Note 2 This table covers some wall thicknesses associated with standard pipe sizes but is not meant to imply that these are the only
thicknesses obtainable under this specification.
Nominal Minimum Nominal Minimum Nominal Minimum
(Average) Thickness (Average) Thickness (Average) Thickness
Thickness on Inspection Thickness on Inspection Thickness on Inspection
(tn) (tm) (tn) (tm) (tn) (tm)

in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm

0.068 1.73 0.060 1.52 0.281 7.14 0.246 6.25 0.864 21.94 0.756 19.20
0.083 2.11 0.073 1.85 0.294 7.47 0.257 6.53 0.875 22.22 0.766 19.46
0.088 2.24 0.077 1.96 0.300 7.62 0.262 6.65 0.906 23.01 0.793 20.14
0.091 2.31 0.080 2.03 0.307 7.80 0.269 6.83 0.938 23.82 0.821 20.85
0.095 2.41 0.083 2.11 0.308 7.82 0.270 6.86 0.968 24.59 0.847 21.51
0.109 2.77 0.095 2.41 0.312 7.92 0.273 6.93 1.000 25.40 0.875 22.22
0.113 2.87 0.099 2.51 0.318 8.07 0.278 7.06 1.031 26.19 0.902 22.91
0.119 3.02 0.104 2.64 0.322 8.18 0.282 7.16 1.062 26.97 0.929 23.60
0.125 3.18 0.109 2.77 0.330 8.38 0.289 7.34 1.094 27.79 0.957 24.31
0.126 3.20 0.110 2.79 0.337 8.56 0.295 7.49 1.125 28.58 0.984 24.99
0.133 3.38 0.116 2.95 0.344 8.74 0.301 7.64 1.156 29.36 1.012 25.70
0.140 3.56 0.122 3.10 0.358 9.09 0.313 7.95 1.219 30.96 1.066 27.08
0.141 3.58 0.123 3.12 0.365 9.27 0.319 8.10 1.250 31.75 1.094 27.79
0.145 3.68 0.127 3.23 0.375 9.52 0.328 8.33 1.281 32.54 1.121 28.47
0.147 3.73 0.129 3.28 0.382 9.70 0.334 8.48 1.312 33.32 1.148 29.16
0.154 3.91 0.135 3.43 0.400 10.16 0.350 8.89 1.375 34.92 1.203 30.56
0.156 3.96 0.136 3.45 0.406 10.31 0.355 9.02 1.406 35.71 1.230 31.24
0.172 4.37 0.150 3.81 0.432 10.97 0.378 9.60 1.438 36.53 1.258 31.95
0.179 4.55 0.157 3.99 0.436 11.07 0.382 9.70 1.500 38.10 1.312 33.32
0.188 4.78 0.164 4.17 0.438 11.12 0.383 9.73 1.531 38.89 1.340 34.04
0.191 4.85 0.167 4.24 0.469 11.91 0.410 10.41 1.562 39.67 1.367 34.72
0.200 5.08 0.175 4.44 0.500 12.70 0.438 11.13 1.594 40.49 1.395 35.43
0.203 5.16 0.178 4.52 0.531 13.49 0.465 11.81 1.635 41.53 1.431 36.35
0.210 5.33 0.184 4.67 0.552 14.02 0.483 12.27 1.750 44.45 1.531 38.89
0.216 5.49 0.189 4.80 0.562 14.27 0.492 12.50 1.781 45.24 1.558 39.57
0.218 5.54 0.191 4.85 0.594 15.09 0.520 13.21 1.812 46.02 1.586 40.28
0.219 5.56 0.192 4.88 0.600 15.24 0.525 13.34 1.875 47.62 1.641 41.68
0.226 5.74 0.198 5.03 0.625 15.88 0.547 13.89 1.969 50.01 1.723 43.76
0.237 6.02 0.207 5.26 0.656 16.66 0.574 14.58 2.000 50.80 1.750 44.45
0.250 6.35 0.219 5.56 0.674 17.12 0.590 14.99 2.062 52.37 1.804 45.82
0.258 6.55 0.226 5.74 0.688 17.48 0.602 15.29 2.125 53.98 1.859 47.22
0.276 7.01 0.242 6.15 0.719 18.26 0.629 15.98 2.200 55.88 1.925 48.90
0.277 7.04 0.242 6.15 0.750 19.05 0.656 16.66 2.344 59.54 2.051 52.10
0.279 7.09 0.244 6.19 0.812 20.62 0.710 18.03 2.500 63.50 2.188 55.58
0.280 7.11 0.245 6.22 0.844 21.44 0.739 18.77

196