SEMESTER I

MA1614 APPLIED MATHEMATICS FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS

3 1 0 100

1. ADVANCED MATRIX THEORY 9

Matrix norms – Jordan canonical form – Generalized eigenvectors – Singular value

decomposition – Pseudo inverse – Least square approximations – QR algorithm.

2. CALCULUS OF VARIATIONS 9

Variation and its properties – Euler’s equation – Functional dependent on first and higher
order derivatives – Functional dependent on functions of several independent variables –
Some applications – Direct methods: Ritz and Kantorovich methods.

3. LINEAR PROGRAMMING 9

Basic concepts – Graphical and Simplex methods –Transportation problem – Assignment

problem.

4. DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING 9

Elements of the dynamic programming model – optimality principle – Examples of

dynamic programming models and their solutions.

5. RANDOM PROCESSES 9

Classification – Stationary random processes – Auto Correlation – Cross Correlations –

Power spectral density – Linear system with random input – Gaussian Process.
L = 45 T = 15 TOTAL = 60
REFERENCES

1. Lewis.D.W., “Matrix Theory” , Allied Publishers, Chennai 1995.

2. Bronson,R, “Matrix Operations, Schaums outline Series”,McGraw Hill ,New York.
1989.
3. Elsgoltis, " Differential Equations and Calculus of Variations ", MIR Publishers,
Moscow (1970).
4. Gupta.A.S., “Calculus of Variations with Applications”, Prentice Hall of
India, New Delhi,1999.
5. Taha, H.A., " Operations research - An Introduction ", Mac Millan publishing Co.,
(1982).
6. Gupta, P.K.and Hira, D.S., " Operations Research ", S.Chand & Co., New Delhi,
(1999).
7. Ochi, M.K. " Applied Probability and Stochastic Processes ", John Wiley & Sons
(1992).
8. Peebles Jr., P.Z., " Probability Random Variables and Random Signal Principles ",
McGraw Hill Inc., (1993).
PS1601 POWER ELECTRONICS IN POWER SYSTEMS 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 9
Basic Concept of Power Electronics, Different types of Power Electronic Devices –
Diodes, Transistors and SCR, MOSFET, IGBT and GTO’s.

2. AC TO DC CONVERTERS 9
Single Phase and three phase bridge rectifiers, half controlled and Fully Controlled
Converters with R, RL, AND RLE loads. Free Wheeling Diodes, Dual Converter, Sequence
Control of Converters – inverter operation , Input Harmonics and Out put Ripple ,Smoothing
Inductance – Power Factor Improvement effect of source impedance, Overlap, Inverter limit.

3. DC TO AC CONVERTERS 9
General Topology of single Phase and three phase voltage source and current source
inverters- Need for feedback diodes in anti parallel with switches – Multi Quadrant Chopper
viewed as a single phase inverter- Configuration of Single phase voltage source inverter: Half
and Full bridge, Selection of Switching Frequency and Switching Device. Voltage Control
and PWM strategies.

4. STATIC REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION 9

Shunt Reactive Power Compensation – Fixed Capacitor Banks, Switched Capacitors, Static
Reactor Compensator, Thyristor Controlled Shunt Reactors (TCR) – Thyristor Controlled
Transformer - FACTS Technology-Applications of static thyristor Controlled Shunt
Compensators for load compensation ,Static Var Systems for Voltage Control, Power Factor
Control and Harmonic Control of Converter Fed Systems.-

5. POWER QUALITY 9
Power Quality – Terms and Definitions – Transients – Impulsive and Oscillatory Transients
– Harmonic Distortion – Harmonic Indices – Total Harmonic Distortion – Total Demand
Distortion- Locating Harmonic Sources Harmonic s from commercial and industrial Loads –
Devices for Controlling Harmonics Passive and Active Filters -Harmonic Filter Design-

L=45 Total = 45

REFERENCES

1. N.Mohan,T.M.Undeland and W.P.Robbins, Power Electronics : Converter, Applications and

Design , John Wiley and Sons , 1989.

2. M.H.Rashid, Power Electronics, Prentice Hall of India, 1994.

3. B.K.Bose ,Power Electronics and A.C. Drives , Prentice Hall ,1986.

4. Roger C.Dugan , Mark .F. Mc Granaghan, Surya Santaso, H.Wayne Beaty,

“Electrical Power Systems Quality”, Second Edition, Mc Graw Hill, 2002.

5. T.J.E. Miller, Static Reactive Power Compensation, John Wiley and Sons, Newyork,1982.

6. Mohan Mathur.R., Rajiv.K.Varma, “Thyristor Based FACTS controllers for Electrical

Transmission Systems”, IEEE press .1999.
PS1602 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS 3 1 0 100

1. SOLUTION TECHNIQUE 9
Sparse Matrix techniques for large scale power systems: Optimal ordering schemes for
preserving sparsity. Flexible packed storage scheme for storing matrix as compact arrays;
Factorization by Bifactorization and Gauss elimination methods; Repeat solution using
Left and Right factors and L and U matrices.

2. POWER FLOW ANALYSIS 9

Power flow model in real variable form; Newton’s method for solution; Adjustment of P-
V buses; Fast Decoupled Power Flow method; Sensitivity factors for P-V bus adjustment;
Net Interchange power control in Multi-area power flow analysis: Assessment of
Available Transfer Capability (ATC) using Power Flow method; Continuation Power
Flow method.

3. SHORT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS 9

Review of fault calculations using sequence networks for different types of faults. Bus
impedance matrix (ZBUS) construction using Building Algorithm for lines with mutual
coupling; Simple numerical problems. Computer method for fault analysis using Z BUS and
sequence components. Derivation of equations for bus voltages, fault current and line
currents, both in 012 frame and abc frame using Thevenin’s Equivalent and Z BUS matrix
for different faults.

4. OPTIMAL POWER FLOW 9

Introduction: Solution of Optimal Power Flow (OPF) – The gradient method, Newton’s
method, Linear Sensitivity Analysis; LP methods – with real power variables only – LP
method with AC power flow variables and detailed cost functions; Security constrained
Optimal Power Flow; Interior point algorithm; Bus Incremental costs.

5. VOLTAGE STABILITY ANALYSIS, STEADY-STATE 9

Transmission system aspects: SLIB system, maximum deliverable power, power-voltage
relationship, generator reactive power requirement, network versus load P-V
characteristics, Instability scenario, effect of compensation and series, shunt, SVC, V-Q
curves, effect of adjustable transformer ratios.

REFERENCES

1. Stagg G W., El. Abiad A.H. “Computer Methods in Power System Analysis ”,
McGraw Hill, 1968.
2. Elgerd O.I., “Electrical Energy Systems Theory – An Introduction”, Tata McGraw,
2002.
3. Kundur.P., “P.S. Stability and Control”, McGraw Hill, 1994.
4. T.V. Cutsem and C.Vournas,” Voltage Stability of Electric Power Systems”,
Kluwer Publishers, 1998.
5. A.J.Wood and B.F.Wollenberg,”Power Generation Operation and Control”,
John Wiley and sons, New York, 1996.

L= 45 T=15 TOTAL = 60
PS1651 POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 9
General philosophy of protection – Characteristic function of protective relays – basic relay
elements and relay terminology – basic construction of static relays – non-critical switching
circuits.

2. PROTECTION OF POWER APPARATUS 9

Protection of generators stator phase fault protection –loss of excitation protection, generator
off- line protection – Transformer protection – factors affecting differential protection –
magnetizing inrush current – Application and connection of transformer differential relays –
transformers over current protection – Example motor protection.

3. PROTECTION OF TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS 9

Bus protection – typical bus arrangements – transformer – bus combination – bus differential
systems-line protection – classification of lines and feeders – Techniques applicable for line
protection – distance protection for phase faults – Fault resistance and relaying – long line
protection – Backup remote local and Breaker failure.

4. PROTECTION OF REACTORS, BOOSTERS & CAPACITORS 9

Placement of reactors in power system – Types of reactor – reactor rating application and
protection – booster in the power system – transformer tap changing – protection of boosters –
capacitors in an interconnected power system – series – shunt – series shunt connections –
protection of capacitors.

5. DIGITAL PROTECTION 9
Digital signal processing – Digital filtering in protection relays – digital data transmission –
Numeric relay hardware – relay algorithms – distance relays – direction comparison relays –
differential relays – software considerations – numeric relay testing – concepts of modern
coordinated control system.

L=45 Total = 45

REFERENCES
1. Stanley H.Horowitz (Ed), “Protecting relaying for power systems”, IEEE Press, 1980.
2. Y.G. Paithankar and S.R Bhide, “Fundamentals of Power System Protection”, Prentice -Hall
of India, 2003

3. Y.G. Paithankar, “Principles of Power System Protection”, Marcel Dekker Inc., 1998.
4. P.Kundur, “Power System Stability and Control”, McGraw-Hill, 1993.
5. Badri Ram and D.N. Vishwakarma, “Power System Protection and Switchgear”, Tata
McGraw- Hill Publishing Company, 2002.
6. J.L.Blackburn, “Power System Protection: Principles and Applications”, Marcel Dekker,
New York, 1998

ELECTIVE- I

PS1621 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATION TO POWER SYSTEMS

3 0 0 100
1. INTRODUCTION TO NEURAL NETWORKS 9

Basics of ANN-Perceptron-Delta learning rule –Back Propagation Algorithm-Multilayer Feed

forward network-Memory models-Bi-directional associative memory-Hopfield network

2. APPLICATIONS TO POWER SYSTEM PROBLEMS 9

Application of Neural Networks to load forecasting, Contingency Analysis-VAR control,

Economic Load Dispatch.

3. INTRODUCTION TO FUZZY LOGIC 9

Crispness-Vagueness-Fuzziness-Uncertainty-Fuzzy set theory Fuzzy sets-Fuzzy set operations-

fuzzy measures-fuzzy relations-fuzzy function. Structure of fuzzy logic controller- fuzzification
models-data base-rule base-inference engine defuzzification module.

4. APPLICATIONS TO POWER SYSTEMS 9

Decision making in Power system Control through fuzzy set theory-Use of fuzzy set
models of LP in Power systems scheduling problems-Fuzzy logic based power system
stabilizer.

5. GENETIC ALGORITHM AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO POWER SYSTEMS

9
Introduction – Simple Genetic Algorithm – Reproduction,. Crossover, Mutation, Advanced

Operators in Genetic Search – Applications to voltage Control and Stability Studies.

L = 45 TOTAL = 45

REFERENCES
1. James.A.Freeman and B.M.Skapura “Neural Networks, Algorithms Applications and
Programming techniques”- Addison Wesley,1990.
2. George Klir and Tina Folger,.A., “Fuzzy sets, Uncertainty and Information”, Prentice
Hall of India Pvt.Ltd.,1993 .
3. Zimmerman,H.J. “Fuzzy Set Theory and its Applications”, Kluwer Academic
Publishers,1994.
4. IEEE tutorial on “Application of Neural Network to Power Systems”, 1996
5. Loi Lei Lai , “Intelligent System Applications in Power Engineering”, John Wiley and
Sons Ltd., 1998.

ELECTIVE – II

CI1602 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 3 0 0 100

(Common forM.E. Power Systems Engineering, M.E. Control & Instrumentation, M.E. Power
Electronics and Drives and M.E. Embedded System Technologies)

1. DISCRETE TIME SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 9

Representation of discrete time signal – classifications – Discrete time – system – Basic

operations on sequence – linear – Time invariant – causal – stable – solution to difference
equation – convolution sum – correlation – Discrete time Fourier series – Discrete time Fourier
transform.

2. FOURIER AND STRUCTURE REALIZATION 9

Discrete Fourier transform – properties – Fast Fourier transform – Z-transform – structure

realization – Direct form – lattice structure for FIR filter – Lattice structure for IIR Filter
.
3.FILTERS 9

FIR Filter – windowing technique – optimum equiripple linear phase FIR filter – IIR filter –
Bilinear transformation technique – impulse invariance method – Butterworth filter –
Tchebyshev filter.

4.MULTISTAGE REPRESENTATION 9

Sampling of band pass signal – antialiasing filter – Decimation by a n integer factor –

interpolation by an integer factor – sampling rate conversion – implementation of digital filter
banks – sub-band coding – Quadrature mirror filter – A/D conversion – Quantization – coding –
D/A conversion – Introduction to wavelets.

5.DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSORS 9

Fundamentals of fixed point DSP architecture – Fixed point number representation and
computation – Fundamentals of floating point DSP architecture – floating point number
representation and computation – study of TMS 320 C 50 processor – Basic programming –
addition – subtraction – multiplication – convolution – correlation – study of TMS 320 C 54
processor – Basic programming – addition – subtraction – multiplication – convolution –
correlation.

L = 45 Total = 45

REFERENCES

1. John G.Proakis, Dimitris G.Manolakis, “Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms and
Applications”, PHI.
2. S.Salivahanan, A.Vallavaraj and C.Gnanapriya “Digital Signal Processing”, TMH, 2000.
3. A.V. Oppenheim and R.W.Schafer, Englewood “Digital Signal Processing”, Prentice-Hall, Inc,
1975.
4. Rabiner and Gold, “Theory and Application of Digital Signal Processing”, A
comprehensive, Industrial – Strength DSP reference book.
5. B.Venkatramani & M.Bhaskar, “Digital Signal Processors Architecture, Programming and
Applications”, TMH, 2002.
 SEMESTER – II

PS1603 POWER SYSTEM OPERATION 3 0 0 100

1. LOAD FORECASTING 9

Introduction – Estimation of Average and trend terms – Estimation of periodic

components – Estimation of Stochastic components : Time series approach – Auto-
Regressive Model, Auto-Regressive Moving – Average Models – Kalman Filtering
Approach – On- line techniques for non stationary load prediction.

2. UNIT COMMITMENT 9
 Constraints in unit commitment – Spinning reserve, thermal unit constraints, other
constraints – Solution using Priority List method, Dynamic programming method - Forward
DP approach , Lagrangian relaxation method – adjusting .

3. GENERATION SCHEDULING – THERMAL SYSTEM 9

The Economic dispatch problem – Thermal system dispatching with networklosses

considered – The Lambda –iteration method – Gradient method ofeconomic dispatch –
economic dispatch with Piecewise Linear cost functions-economic dispatch using dynamic
programming – transmission system effects -A two generator system , coordination
equations, incremental losses and penalty factors.

4. GENERATION SCHEDULING – HYDRO THERMAL SYSTEMS 9

Long Range Hydro – Scheduling – Short Range Hydro Scheduling - Hydro Electric
plant models – Scheduling problems – The Short term Hydothermal Scheduling
problem – Short term hydro-scheduling : A Gradient Approach- Hydro units in series
(hydraulically coupled) – Pumped –Storage Hydro- Scheduling with a - iteration –
Dynamic programming solution to the Hydro Thermal scheduling problem.

5. INTERCHANGE OF POWER AND ENERGY 9

Economy interchange between interconnected utilities – interchange evaluation with unit

commitment – Multiple – utility interchange transactions – Power Pools: The Energy Broker
system, Allocating pool savings – Transmission Effects and Issues : Transfer limitations,
wheeling, rates for transmission services in multiparty utility transactions – Transactions
involving Nonutility Parties.

L= 45 TOTAL = 60

REFERENCES

1. Allen J.Wood and Bruce F Wollenberg, “Power Generation, Operation and Control”,John
Wiley and sons, Newyork, 1996.

2. A.K.Mahalanabis, D.P.Kothari, S.I.Ahson, “Computer Aided Power System

Analysis and Control”, Tata Mcgraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., NewDelhi 1988.

PS1653 POWER SYSTEM CONTROL 3 1 0 100

1. AUTOMATIC GENERATION CONTROL 9

Fundamentals of speed governing - control of generating unit Power output – composite

regulating characteristic of Power Systems – Response rates of turbine – governing systems –
fundamentals of automatic generation control – Implementation of AGC -development of state
variable model for a two area Power System for use in simulation of AGC. Underfrequency
Load Shedding and computation of settings for underfrequency relays.

2. REACTIVE POWER AND VOLTAGE CONTROL 9

Modelling of AVR loops : Components – stability compensation - Production and absorption of
reactive Power – methods of voltage control - shunt reactors – shunt capacitors – series
capacitors – synchronous condensers – static var systems – Principle of transmission system
compensation – modeling of reactive compensating devices – Application of tap changing
transformers to transmission systems – distribution system voltage regulation – modeling of
transformer ULTC control systems .

3. SECURITY CONTOL OF POWER SYSTEMS 9

System operating states by security control functions – monitoring, evaluation of system state by
contingency analysis – corrective controls (Preventive, emergency and restorative ) - Energy
control center – SCADA system – functions – monitoring , data acquisition and controls – EMS
system.

4. STATE ESTIMATION 9

Maximum likelihood Weighted Least - Squares Estimation :- Concepts - matrix formulation -

Example for Weighted Least - Squares state estimation ; State estimation of an AC network:
development of method , Typical results of state estimation on an AC network, State Estimation
by Orthogonal Decomposition algorithm – Introduction to Advanced topics : Detection and
Identification of Bad Measurements , Estimation of Quantities Not Being Measured , Network
Observability and Pseudo- measurements - Application of Power Systems State Estimation .

5. POWER SYTEM CONTROL UNDER DEREGULATED ENVIRONMENT 9

New system structures under competition – Classification of operational tasks in today’s
power industry – Temporal decomposition within the real time operation – classification
of operational tasks in the competitive industry – meeting predicted demand in today’s
industry – meeting demand in the new industry – balancing supply and demand in real
time - Load frequency control under deregulated environment.
L= 45 T= 15 Total = 60
REFERENCES

1. Elgerd O.I, “Electric Energy System Theory - an Introduction” - Tata McGraw Hill,
New Delhi – 2002.

2. Kundur .P; “Power System Stability and Control” EPRI Publications, California, 1994.

3. Allen J.Wood and Bruce .F. Woolenberg, “Power Generation Operation and Control”,
John Wiley & sons , New York, 1996.

4. Mahalanabis A.K., Kothari. D.P. and Ahson.S.I., “Computer Aided Power System
Analysis and Control”, Tata McGraw Hill publishing Ltd , 1984.

5. Marija Ilic, F.Galiana, L.Fink, “Power System Restructuring : Engineering and

Economics” Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.

6. Vaibhav Donde, M.A. Pai & Ian A.Hiskens - “Simulation & Optimization in an AGC
system after deregulation” IEEE transactions on Power Systems Vol:16, No.3, Aug 2001.
PS1654 TRANSIENTS IN POWER SYSTEMS 3 0 0 100

1.INTRODUCTION AND LIGHTNING SURGES 9

Review of various types of power system transients – effect of transients on power systems-
relevance of the study and computation of power system transients. Electrification of
thunderclouds – lightning current stages – lightning current parameters and their values – stroke
to tower and midspan – induced lightning surges.

2. SWITCHING SURGES 9
Closing and reclosing of lines – load rejection – fault initiation – fault clearing – short line faults
– FerroResonance – isolator switching surges – temporary over voltages – surges on an
integrated systems – switching – harmonics.

3. COMPUTATION OF TRANSIENTS IN CONVERSION EQUIPMENT 9

Traveling wave method – Beweley’s Lattice diagram – analysis in time and frequency domain –
eigenvalue approach – Z-transform.

4. INSULATION CO ORDINATION 9
Over voltage protective devices – shielding wires, rods gaps, surge diverters, principles of
insulation co-ordination – recent advancements in insulation co ordination – Design of EHV
system – Insulation co ordianation as applied to transformer, substations.

5. CASE STUDIES-SIMULATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC TRANSIENTS 9

(i) Energisation of a single phase 0.95 pf load from a non ideal source and a realistic line
representation.
(ii) Energisation of a single phase 15 mile long line from an ideal voltage source
(equivalent- ) – lumped and distributed parameter representation.
(iii) Energisation of a 3 phase, 15 mile distributed parameter line connected to a
transformer and RL load, (three phase closure simulations).
(iv) Same as above but only one phase closed.
(v) Energisation of a 120 mile transposed line from an ideal voltage source.(Adequate
model needed)
L= 45 Total = 45

REFERENCES
1. Allan Greenwood, “Electrical Transients in Power Systems”, Willey Interscience, New
York, 1971.
2. Klaus Ragaller, “Surges in High Voltage Networks”, Plenum Press, New York,1980.
3. Diesendorf, W., “Over Voltage on High Voltage Systems”, Renselaer Bookstore, Troy
New York, 1971.
4. Peterson,H.A., “Transient in Power Systems”, Dover Publication, New York, 1963.
5. Rakosh das Begamudre, “Extra High Voltage AC Transmission Engineering”, Wiley
Eastern Ltd, New Delhi, 1990.
6. C.S.Indulkar, DP Kothari, “Power System Transients” - A Statistical approach ,
Prentice Hall 1996.
PS1672 HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 7
Insulation of switchgear - rated and tested voltage coordination between inner and external
insulation. Insulation clearances in air, oil SF 6 and vacuum, bushing insulation, solid insulating
materials – dielectric and mechanical strength consideration.

2. CIRCUIT INTERRUPTION 10
Switchgear terminology – Arc characteristics – direct and alternating current interruption
– arc quenching phenomena – computer simulation of arc models – transient re-striking
voltage – RRRV-recovery voltage-current chopping-capacitive current breaking-auto re-
closing.

3. SHORT CIRCUIT CALCULATIONS AND RATING OF CIRCUI BREAKERS 10

Types of faults in power systems-short circuit current and short circuit MVA calculations for
different types of faults-rating of circuit breakers – symmetrical and asymmetrical ratings.

4. CIRCUIT BREAKERS 10
Classification of circuit breakers-design, construction and operating principles of bulk oil,
minimum oil, airblast, SF6 and vacuum circuit breakers – Comparison of different types of circuit
breakers.

5. TESTING OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS 8

Type tests and routine tests – short circuit testing-synthetic testing of circuit breakers-
recent advancements in high voltage circuit breakers-diagnosis.
L = 45 TOTAL = 45

REFERENCES
1. Chunikhin, A. and Zhavoronkov, M., “High Voltage Switchgear Analysis and Design”, Mir
Publishers, Moscow, 1989.
2. Kuffel, E., Zaengl, W.S., and Kuffel J., High Voltage Engineering Fundamentals,
Newness, Second Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann Publishers, New Delhi, 2000
3. Flursscheim, C.H. (Editor), Power circuit breaker-theory and design, IEE Monograph
Series 17, Peter Peregrinus Ltd., Southgate House, Stevenage, Herts, SC1 1HQ, England,
1977.
4. Ananthakrishnan S and Guruprasad K.P., Transient Recovery Voltage and Circuit
Breakers, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Compa ny Ltd., New Delhi, 1999.
5. IEEE Standard Collection, Surge Protectino C62, 1995 Editions, (Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers, Inc.), USA.
6. Funio Nakanishi, Switching Phenomena in high voltage circuit breakers, Marcel

Dekker Inc., New York, 1991.

 ELECTIVE – III

PS1622 HIGH VOLTAGE DIRECT CURRENT TRANSMISSION 3 0 0 100

1.
DC POWER TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGY 9
Introduction-comparison of AC and DC transmission application of DC transmission –
description of DC transmission system planning for HVDC transmission-modern trends in
DC transmission.

2. ANALYSIS OF HVDC CONVERTERS 9

Pulse number, choice of converter configuration-simplified analysis of Graetz circuit-
converter bridge characteristics – characteristics of a twelve pulse converter-detailed analysis
of converters.

3. CONVERTER AND HVDC SYSTEM CONTROL 9

General principles of DC link control-converter control characteristics-system control
hierarchy-firing angle control-current and extinction angle control-starting and stopping of
DC link-power control-higher level controllers-telecommunication requirements.

4. HARMONICS AND FILTERS 9

Introduction-generation of harmonics-design of AC filters-DC filters-carrier frequency and
RI noise.

5. SIMULATION OF HVDC SYSTEMS 9

Introduction-system simulation: Philosophy and tools-HVDC system simulation-modeling of
HVDC systems for digital dynamic simulation.
L = 45 TOTAL = 45

REFERENCES
1. Padiyar, K.R., “HVDC Power Transmission System”, Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi
1990. First edition.
2. Edward Wilson Kimbark, “Direct Current Transmission”, Vol. I, Wiley interscience, New
York, London, Sydney, 1971.
3. Rakosh Das Begamudre, “Extra High Voltage AC Transmission Engineering” New Age
International (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 1990.
4. Arrillaga, J., “High Voltage Direct Current Transmission”, Peter Pregrinus, London, 1983.
 ELECTIVE – IV

PS1623 FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 9
FACTS-a toolkit, Basic concepts of Static VAR compensator, Resonance damper,
Thyristor controlled series capacitor, Static condenser, Phase angle regulator, and other
controllers.

2. SERIES COMPENSATION SCHEMES 9

Sub-Synchronous resonance, Torsional interaction, torsional torque, Compensation of
conventional, ASC, NGH damping schemes, Modelling and control of thyristor
controlled series compensators.

3. UNIFIED POWER FLOW CONTROL 9

Introduction, Implementation of power flow control using conventional thyristors,
Unified power flow concept, Implementation of unified power flow controller.

4. DESIGN OF FACTS CONTROLLERS 9

Approximate multi-model decomposition, Variable structure FACTS controllers for
Power system transient stability, Non-linear variable-structure control, variable structure
series capacitor control, and variable structure resistor control.

5. STATIC VAR COMPENSATION 9

Basic concepts, Thyristor controlled reactor (TCR), Thyristors switched reactor (TSR),
Thyristor switched capacitor (TSC), saturated reactor (SR), Fixed Capacitor (FC).

L = 45 TOTAL
= 45

REFERENCES
1. Narin G.Hingorani, " Flexible AC Transmission ", IEEE Spectrum, April 1993,
pp 40- 45.
2. Narin G. Hingorani, " High Power Electronics and Flexible AC
Transmission Systems " IEEE High Power Engineering Review, 1998.
3. Narin G.Hingorani, " Power Electronics in Electric Utilities : Role of Power Electronics in
future power systems ", Proc. of IEEE, Vol.76, no.4, April 1988.
4. Einar V.Larsen, Juan J. Sanchez-Gasca, Joe H.Chow, " Concepts for design of FACTS
Controllers to damp power swings ", IEEE Trans On Power Systems, Vol.10, No.2, May
1995.
5. Gyugyi L., " Unified power flow control concept for flexible AC transmission ", IEEE
Proc-C Vol.139, No.4, July 1992.
PS1655 POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LABORATORY 0 0 3 100

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Power flow analysis: Gauss – Seidel, Newton Raphson methods

2. Fast decoupled power flow and Continuation power flow analysis
3. Contingency analysis: Generator shift factors and line outage distribution factors
4. Small signal stability analysis: SMIB and Multi machine configuration
5. Transient stability analysis of Multi – machine configuration
6. Economic dispatch with line flow constraints
7. Unit commitment: Priority-list schemes and dynamic programming
8. Co-ordination of over current and distance relays for radial line protection
9. Induction motor starting analysis
10. Analysis of switching surge using EMTP.
P = 45 Total= 45
 SEMESTER – III
ELECTIVE – V

PS1673 EHV POWER TRANSMISSION 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 6

Standard Transmission Voltages – Average Values of Line Parameters – Power Handling

Capacity and Line Loss – Costs of Transmission Lines and Equipment – Mechanical
Considerations in Line Performance.

2. CALCULATION OF LINE PARAMETERS 8

Calculation of Resistance, Inductance and Capacitance – Calculation of sequence inductances

and capacitances – Line parameters for Modes of propagation.

3. VOLTAGE GRADIENTS OF CONDUCTORS 9

Charge-Potential Relations for Multi-conductor lines – Surface Voltage Gradient on Conductors
– Gradient Factors and their use – Distribution of Voltage Gradient on Sub conductors of Bundle
- Voltage Gradients on Conductors in the Presence of Ground Wires on Towers.

4. CORONA EFFECTS 12
2
Power losses and audible losses : I R Loss and Corona Loss -Attenuation of Traveling Waves
Due to Corona Loss - Audible Noise Generation and Characteristics - Limits for Audible Noise -
Day-Night Equivalent Noise Level.
Radio Interference : corona pulse generation and properties - Limits for Radio Interference
Fields - The CIGRE Formula - The RI Excitation Function -Measurement of RI, RIV and
Excitation Function - Design of Filter.

5. ELECTROSTATIC FIELD OF EHV LINES 10

Capacitance of Long Object - Calculation of Electrostatic Field of AC Lines Effect of High Field
on Humans, Animals, and Plants - Meters and Measurement of Electrostatic Fields - Electrostatic
Induction in Unenergised Circuit of a D/C Line - Induced Voltages in Insulated Ground Wires -
Electromagnetic Interference.

L = 45 TOTAL = 45

REFERENCE
Rakosh Das Begamudre, “Extra High Voltage AC Transmission Engineering”, New Age
International Pvt. Ltd., 1990, Second Edition.
ELECTIVE – VI

PS1671 INTELLIGENT CONTROL 3 0 0 100

1. INTRODUCTION 9
Approaches to intelligent control. Architecture for intelligent control. Symbolic reasoning
system, rule-based systems, the AI approach. Knowledge representation. Expert systems.

2.ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS 9

Concept of Artificial Neural Networks and its basic mathematical model, McCulloch-Pitts
neuron model, simple perceptron, Adaline and Madaline, Feed-forward Multilayer Perceptron.
Learning and Training the neural network. Data Processing: Scaling, Fourier transformation,
principal-component analysis and wavelet transformations. Hopfield network, Self-organizing
network and Recurrent network. Neural Network based controller

3. GENETIC ALGORITHM 9
Basic concept of Genetic algorithm and detail algorithmic steps, adjustment of free parameters.
Solution of typical control problems using genetic algorithm. Concept on some other search
techniques like tabu search and ant-colony search techniques for solving optimization problems.

4. FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEM 9

Introduction to crisp sets and fuzzy sets, basic fuzzy set operation and approximate
reasoning. Introduction to fuzzy logic modeling and control. Fuzzification, inferencing and
defuzzification. Fuzzy knowledge and rule bases. Fuzzy modeling and control schemes for
nonlinear systems. Self-organizing fuzzy logic control. Fuzzy logic control for nonlinear
time-delay system.

5. APPLICATIONS 9
GA application to power system optimisation problem, Case studies: Identification and control of
linear and nonlinear dynamic systems using Matlab-Neural Network toolbox.
Stability analysis of Neural-Network interconnection systems. Implementation of fuzzy logic
controller using Matlab fuzzy-logic toolbox. Stability analysis of fuzzy control systems.

L=45 T=45

REFERENCES
1. Jacek.M.Zurada, "Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems", Jaico Publishing
House, 1999.
2. KOSKO,B. "Neural Networks And Fuzzy Systems", Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.,
1994.
3. KLIR G.J. & FOLGER T.A. "Fuzzy sets, uncertainty and Information", Prentice- Hall of
India Pvt. Ltd., 1993.
4. Zimmerman H.J. "Fuzzy set theory-and its Applications"-Kluwer Academic
Publishers, 1994.
5. Driankov, Hellendroon, "Introduction to Fuzzy Control", Narosa Publishers.
 ELECTIVE - VII

PS1624 COMPUTER NETWORK ENGINEERING 3 0 0 100

1. PROTOCOLS AND ARCHITECTURES 10

Protocols-layered approach-OSI model-DoD model-Hierarchical Approach-Local
Network Technology- Bus/Tree topology-Ring topology-medium access protocols
-Details of IEEE 802 standards.

2. NETWORK ACCESS PROTOCOL & INTERNETWORKING 9

Circuit Switched Network Access-Packet Switched Network Access-Broadcast Network
Access-Principle of Internetworking-Bridges, Gateways-X, 75-internet protocols-ISO
Internet protocol standard.

3. TRANSPORT PROTOCOL & ROUTING TECHNIQUES 9

Transport Service protocol Mechanisms-Network Service-Transport standards-Internet
Transport protocols-Wireless UDP-Overview of routing techniques.

4. PRESENTATION/APPLICATION PROTOCOLS 9
File Transfer Protocols-World Wide Web-Electronic Mail-Overview of ISDN-ISDN
Protocols.

5. NETWORK MANAGEMENT 8
Architecture of network management-Fault management-Congestion Control Algorithms-
Security Management.

L = 45 T = 0 TOTAL = 45
TEXT BOOKS

1. Stallings, " Data and Computer Communication ", Maxwell and Macmillan, 1988.
2. Andrew Tannenbaum S., " Computer Networks ", 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall of
India, 1997.

REFERENCES

1. Stallings, “Data and Computer Communication: Architectures, Protocols and Standards",

IEEE Computer Society, 1987.

2. Kernel Texpian A.S., " Communication Network Management ", Prentice Hall, 1992.
3. " Network Management ", Standards, Uylers Black, McGraw Hill, 1995.
4. Commer and Stevens, " Internetworking with TCP/IP Vol.III: Client Server
Programming and application ", Prentice Hall , USA, 1994.

PROJECT WORK (PHASE I) 0 0 12 *

 SEMESTER – IV

PROJECT WORK (PHASE – II) 0 0 24 *