Max 6971
Max 6971
Max 6971
KIT
ATION
EVALU BL E
AVAILA
MAX6971
The MAX6971 serial-interfaced LED driver provides 16 ♦ 25Mb, Industry-Standard, 4-Wire Serial Interface
open-drain, constant-current-sinking LED driver outputs
rated at 36V. The MAX6971 operates from a 3V to 5.5V ♦ 3V to 5.5V Logic Supply
supply. The MAX6971 supply and the LEDs’ supply or ♦ 16 Constant-Current LED Outputs Rated at 36V
supplies can power up in any order. The constant-cur-
rent outputs are programmed together to up to 55mA ♦ Up to 55mA Continuous Current per Output
using a single external resistor. The MAX6971 operates ♦ Output Current Programmed by Single Resistor
with a 25Mb, industry-standard, 4-wire serial interface.
♦ 3% Current Matching Between Outputs
The MAX6971 uses the industry-standard, shift-register-
plus-latch-type serial interface. The driver accepts data ♦ 6% Current Matching Between ICs
shifted into a 16-bit shift register using data input DIN
♦ High-Dissipation, 24-Pin Packages
and clock input CLK. Input data appears at the DOUT
output 16 clock cycles later to allow cascading of multi- ♦ -40°C to +125°C Temperature Range
ple MAX6971s. The latch-enable input, LE, loads the 16
bits of shift register data into a 16-bit output latch to set
which LEDs are on and which are off. The output-
enable, OE, gates all 16 outputs on and off, and is fast
enough to be used as a PWM input for LED intensity Ordering Information
control.
PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
For applications requiring LED fault detection, refer to
MAX6971AUG -40°C to +125°C 24 TSSOP
the MAX6983, which automatically detects open-circuit
LEDs. MAX6971ANG -40°C to +125°C 24 Narrow PDIP
For safety-related applications requiring a watchdog
timer, refer to the MAX6983, which includes a fail-safe
feature that blanks the display if the serial interface Typical Application Circuit and Selector Guide appear at
becomes inactive for more than 1s. end of data sheet.
The MAX6971 is one of a family of 12 shift-register-plus-
latch-type LED drivers. The family includes 8-port and
16-port types, with 5.5V- or 36V-rated LED outputs, with Pin Configuration
and without open-circuit LED detection and watchdog.
All versions operate from a 3V to 5.5V supply, and are
specified over the -40°C to +125°C temperature range. TOP VIEW
GND 1 24 V+
DIN 2 23 SET
Applications CLK 3 22 DOUT
LE 4 21 OE
Variable Message Signs
OUT0 5 MAX6971AUG 20 OUT15
Marquee Displays MAX6971ANG
OUT1 6 19 OUT14
Point-of-Order Signs OUT2 7 18 OUT13
Traffic Signs OUT3 8 17 OUT12
OUT7 12 13 OUT8
TSSOP/PDIP
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
16-Port, 36V Constant-Current LED Driver
MAX6971
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Operating Circuit, V+ = 3V to 5.5V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V+ = 5V, TA = +25°C.)
(Note 1)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Operating Supply Voltage V+ 3.0 5.5 V
Output Voltage VOUT 36 V
Standby Current
All logic inputs at V+ or GND, DOUT
(Interface Idle, All Output Ports I+ 5.7 8 mA
unloaded
High Impedance, RSET = 360Ω)
Standby Current
(Interface Running, All Output fCLK = 5MHz, OE = V+, DIN and LE = V+
I+ 6 8.5 mA
Ports High Impedance, or GND, DOUT unloaded
RSET = 360Ω)
Supply Current
All logic inputs at V+ or GND,
(Interface Idle, All Output Ports I+ 18 25 mA
DOUT unloaded
Active Low, RSET = 360Ω)
Input High Voltage 0.7 x
VIH V
DIN, CLK, LE, OE V+
Input Low Voltage 0.3 x
VIL V
DIN, CLK, LE, OE V+
Hysteresis Voltage
ΔVI 0.8 V
DIN, CLK, LE, OE
Input Leakage Current
IIH, IIL -1 +1 µA
DIN, CLK, LE, OE
V+
Output High-Voltage DOUT VOH ISOURCE = 4mA V
- 0.5V
Output Low Voltage VOL ISINK = 4mA 0.5 V
V+ = 3V to 5.5V, VOUT = 0.8V to 2.5V,
Output Current OUT_ IOUT 37 50 61 mA
RSET = 360Ω
Output Leakage Current OUT_ ILEAK OE = V+ 1 µA
Note 1: All parameters tested at TA = +25°C. Specifications over temperature are guaranteed by design.
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
16-Port, 36V Constant-Current LED Driver
5V TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
MAX6971
(Typical Operating Circuit, V+ = 4.5V to 5.5V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
16-Port, 36V Constant-Current LED Driver
(Typical Operating Circuit, V+ = 3V to 5.5V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(INTERFACE IDLE, ALL OUTPUTS OFF, (INTERFACE IDLE, ALL OUTPUTS OFF, SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
RSET = 720Ω) RSET = 360Ω) (INTERFACE IDLE, ALL OUTPUTS ON, RSET = 720Ω)
2.00 3.70 40
MAX6971 toc03
MAX6971 toc01
MAX6971 toc02
TA = +85°C
TA = +125°C TA = +85°C TA = +125°C
35
1.95 3.65
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
30
TA = +125°C TA = +85°C
1.90 3.60 25
TA = -40°C TA = +25°C
20 TA = +25°C
1.85 3.55 TA = -40°C
TA = -40°C TA = +25°C
15
1.80 3.50 10
3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
16-Port, 36V Constant-Current LED Driver
MAX6971
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE PORT OUTPUT CURRENT vs. PORT OUTPUT PORT OUTPUT CURRENT vs. PORT OUTPUT
(INTERFACE IDLE, ALL OUTPUTS ON, RSET = 360Ω) VOLTAGE (RSET = 720Ω, V+ = 3.3V) VOLTAGE (RSET = 360Ω, V+ = 3.3V)
45 30 60
MAX6971 toc05
MAX6971 toc06
MAX6971 toc04 TA = -40°C TA = -40°C
40 TA = +85°C 25 50
PORT OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
35 20 TA = +25°C 40 TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
30 15 TA = +85°C 30
TA = +125°C TA = +125°C
TA = +25°C
25 10 20
20 5 10
TA = -40°C
15 0 0
3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) PORT OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) PORT OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
PORT OUTPUT CURRENT vs. PORT OUTPUT PORT OUTPUT CURRENT vs. PORT OUTPUT PORT OUTPUT CURRENT vs. SUPPLY
VOLTAGE (RSET = 720Ω, V+ = 5.0V) VOLTAGE (RSET = 360Ω, V+ = 5.0V) VOLTAGE (RSET = 720Ω, VOUT = 2V)
30 60 25.0
MAX6971 toc07
MAX6971 toc08
MAX6971 toc09
TA = -40°C
TA = -40°C
25 50
PORT OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
TA = +85°C
24.5
20 TA = +25°C 40
TA = +125°C
TA = +25°C
15 TA = +85°C 30 24.0
TA = +85°C
TA = +125°C
10 20 TA = +125°C TA = +25°C
23.5 TA = -40°C
5 10
0 0 23.0
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5
PORT OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) PORT OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
MAX6971 toc11
PORT OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
40
TA = +25°C
48
30
TA = -40°C
20
47 TA = +85°C
TA = +125°C 10
46 0
3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 0 1 2 3 4 5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) RSET RESISTANCE (kΩ)
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5
16-Port, 36V Constant-Current LED Driver
Pin Description
MAX6971
CLK
MAX6971
POWER-ON
LE D0 LATCHES D15 V+
RESET
OE
V+
CURRENT
D0 CONSTANT-CURRENT SINKS D15
REFERENCE
RSET
6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
16-Port, 36V Constant-Current LED Driver
MAX6971
sink that should be connected to the cathode of either
The MAX6971 LED driver comprises a 4-wire serial
a single LED or a series string of multiple LEDs. The
interface driving 16 constant-current-sinking, open-
LED anode can be connected to a supply voltage of up
drain output ports. The outputs drive LEDs in either
to 36V, independent of the MAX6971 supply, V+. The
static or multiplex applications (Figure 1). The constant-
constant-current capability is up to 55mA per output,
current outputs are guaranteed for current accuracy
set for all eight outputs by an external resistor, RSET.
not only with chip-supply voltage variations (5V ±10%
and 3V to 5.5V), but also over a realistic range of driver 4-Wire Serial Interface
output voltage drop (0.8V to 2.5V). The drivers use cur- The serial interface on the MAX6971 is a 4-wire serial
rent-sensing feedback circuitry (not simple current mir- interface using four inputs (DIN, CLK, LE, OE) and a
rors) to ensure very small current variations over the full data output (DOUT). This interface is used to write dis-
allowed range of output voltage (see the Typical play data to the MAX6971. The serial-interface data
Operating Characteristics). word length is 16 bits, D0–D15. See Figure 2.
The 4-wire serial interface comprises a 16-bit shift reg- The functions of the five interface pins are as follows.
ister and a 16-bit transparent latch. The shift register is DIN is the serial-data input, and must be stable when it
written through a clock input, CLK, and a data input, is sampled on the rising edge of CLK. Data is shifted in,
DIN, and the data propagates to a data output, DOUT. MSB first. This means that data bit D15 is clocked in
The data output allows multiple drivers to be cascaded first, followed by 15 more data bits finishing with the
and operated together. The contents of the 16-bit shift LSB, D0.
register are loaded into the transparent latch through a
latch-enable input, LE. The latch is transparent to the
shift register outputs when high, and latches the current
state on the falling edge of LE.
LE tLW
tLF
tCL tCH tLS
tCP
CLK
tDH
tDS
tDO
DOUT D7
tOEW
OE
tOEL tOEH
80% .
OUT_
20%
tf tr
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
16-Port, 36V Constant-Current LED Driver
H H R1 R2 … Rn-2 Rn-1 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
L L R1 R2 … Rn-2 Rn-1 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
X R0 R1 R2 … Rn-1 Rn — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — X X X … X X H R0 R1 R2 — Rn-1 Rn — — — — — — —
— — P1 P2 P3 … Pn-1 Pn L P0 P1 P2 … Pn-1 Pn L P0 P1 P2 … Pn-1 Pn
— — — — — — — — — X X X … X X H Hi-Z Hi-Z Hi-Z … Hi-Z Hi-Z
L = Low-logic level.
H = High-logic level.
X = Don’t care.
P = Present state.
R = Previous state.
Hi-Z = High impedance.
8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
16-Port, 36V Constant-Current LED Driver
MAX6971
The MAX6971 contains an internal temperature sensor
Selecting External Component RSET to Set that turns off all outputs when the die temperature
LED Output Current exceeds approximately +165°C. The outputs are
The MAX6971 uses an external resistor, RSET, to set the enabled again when the die temperature drops below
LED current for outputs OUT0–OUT15. The minimum approximately +140°C. Register contents are not
allowed value of RSET is 327.3Ω, which sets the output affected, so when a driver is overdissipating, the exter-
currents to 55mA. The maximum allowed value of RSET nal symptom is the load LEDs cycling between on and
is 5kΩ. The reference value, 360Ω, sets the output cur- off as the driver repeatedly overheats and cools, alter-
rents to 50mA. To set a different output current, use the nately turning the LEDs off and then back on again.
formula:
Power-Supply Considerations
RSET = 18,000 / IOUT
The MAX6971 operates with a chip supply V+, and one
where IOUT is the desired output current in mA. or more LED supplies. Bypass each supply to GND
with a 0.1µF capacitor as close to the MAX6971 as pos-
Computing Power Dissipation sible. This is normally adequate for static LED driving.
The upper limit for power dissipation (P D ) for the For multiplex or PWM applications, it is necessary to
MAX6971 is determined by the following equation: add an additional bulk electrolytic capacitor of 4.7µF or
PD = (V+ x I+) + (VOUT x DUTY x IOUT x N) more to each supply for every 4 to 16 MAX6971s. The
where: necessary capacitance depends on the LED load cur-
rent, PWM switching frequency, and serial-interface
V+ = supply voltage speed. Inadequate V+ decoupling can cause timing
I+ = operating supply current when sinking IOUT LED problems, and very noisy LED supplies can affect LED
drive current into N outputs current regulation.
DUTY = PWM duty cycle applied to OE Chip Information
N = number of MAX6971 outputs driving LEDs at the PROCESS: BiCMOS
same time (maximum is 16)
VOUT = MAX6971 port output voltage when driving load
LED(s)
IOUT = LED drive current programmed by RSET
PD = power dissipation, in mW if currents are in mA
Dissipation example:
IOUT = 20mA, N = 16, DUTY = 1, VOUT = 2V, V+ =
5.25V
PD = (5.25V x 25mA) + (2V x 1 x 20mA x 16) = 0.77W
Thus, for a 24-pin TSSOP package (TJA = 1 / 0.0122 =
+82°C/W from the Absolute Maximum Ratings), the
maximum allowed ambient temperature TA is given by:
TJ(MAX) = TA + (PD x TJA) = +150°C =
TA + (0.77 x 82°C/W)
so TA = +86°C.
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9
16-Port, 36V Constant-Current LED Driver
Selector Guide
MAX6971
+28V
+5V
μC MAX6971
V+
OUT0
SCLK CLK OUT1
OUT2
MOSI DIN OUT3
OUT4
MISO DOUT OUT5
OUT6
LOAD LATCH OUT7
OUT8
ENABLE OE OUT9
OUT10
360Ω OUT11
SET OUT12
OUT13
GND OUT14
OUT15
0V 0V
10 ______________________________________________________________________________________
16-Port, 36V Constant-Current LED Driver
Package Information
MAX6971
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
TSSOP4.40mm.EPS
PACKAGE OUTLINE, TSSOP 4.40mm BODY
1
21-0066 I 1
______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
16-Port, 36V Constant-Current LED Driver
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
PDIPN.EPS
Revision History
Pages changed at Rev 1: 6, 10, 11
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implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
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