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    Origin of The Universe

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    nayem
    The Big Bang occurred 13.7 billion years ago, forming quarks that fused to create the earliest atoms of hydrogen and helium. Over billions of years, gravity caused these atoms to coalesce into stars and galaxies. When stars die, they explode as supernovae, forging heavier elements. This process is repeated throughout the universe, and we are all made of elements created in ancient stars. Evidence for the Big Bang includes the cosmic microwave background radiation, abundance of hydrogen and helium, and observation of redshift confirming the expansion of the universe.

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    Origin of The Universe

    Uploaded by

    nayem
    10 views11 pages
    The Big Bang occurred 13.7 billion years ago, forming quarks that fused to create the earliest atoms of hydrogen and helium. Over billions of years, gravity caused these atoms to coalesce into stars and galaxies. When stars die, they explode as supernovae, forging heavier elements. This process is repeated throughout the universe, and we are all made of elements created in ancient stars. Evidence for the Big Bang includes the cosmic microwave background radiation, abundance of hydrogen and helium, and observation of redshift confirming the expansion of the universe.

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    The Big Bang occurred 13.7 billion years ago, forming quarks that fused to create the earliest atoms of hydrogen and helium. Over billions of years, gravity caused these atoms to coalesce into stars and galaxies. When stars die, they explode as supernovae, forging heavier elements. This process is repeated throughout the universe, and we are all made of elements created in ancient stars. Evidence for the Big Bang includes the cosmic microwave background radiation, abundance of hydrogen and helium, and observation of redshift confirming the expansion of the universe.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    10 views11 pages

    Origin of The Universe

    Uploaded by

    nayem
    The Big Bang occurred 13.7 billion years ago, forming quarks that fused to create the earliest atoms of hydrogen and helium. Over billions of years, gravity caused these atoms to coalesce into stars and galaxies. When stars die, they explode as supernovae, forging heavier elements. This process is repeated throughout the universe, and we are all made of elements created in ancient stars. Evidence for the Big Bang includes the cosmic microwave background radiation, abundance of hydrogen and helium, and observation of redshift confirming the expansion of the universe.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    Origin of the Universe

    Cosmology: The study of the universe and


    our place in it.

    • The moment when all matter


    and energy were formed in a
    cosmic explosion is called the
    Big Bang
    • Occurred 13.7 billion years ago
    • Generated quarks that went
    flying out into space along with
    energy
    • Quarks came together to form
    the smallest atoms (hydrogen
    and helium).
    • Quarks coalesce (came
    together) to form
    protons, neutrons and
    electron: Subatomic
    particles
    – Particle accelerators
    are used to study
    quarks and what
    happened in the Big
    Bang.
    – Bombard subatomic
    particles, other
    subatomic particles
    and look what gets
    ejected as they
    collide
    • Even today when we listen in space we hear a hiss indicating the presence
    of microwave radiation still radiating since the Big Bang.
    Inflation
    • A process that
    started when the
    universe formed
    and continues
    today.
    • We can see
    evidence of this in
    something called
    redshift.
    Red Shift/Blue Shift
    • As an object moves • As an object moves
    away from the towards the observer
    observer there is an there is an decrease
    increase in the in the wavelength of
    wavelength of any any light emitted.
    light emitted.

    We can also hear this phenomenon (the Doppler Effect) in sound waves.
    Gravity!
    • The Big Bang made • The largest clumps
    quarks, those quarks get hot and dense
    coalesced to form enough to start a
    atoms of H and He. fusion reaction.
    • Those atoms • Fusion reaction: two
    clumped together smaller atoms
    and the clumps grow combine to make a
    as a result of gravity. larger atom.
    A Star is Born!
    • Stars are powered by • When all the hydrogen
    fusion reactions. in a star is used up,
    • Origin of our solar large stars will collapse
    system. in on themselves
    • These fusion reactions (implode).
    start out making
    elements like He and Li.
    Supernovae
    • An exploding star! • When the star runs
    • When all the out of any smaller
    hydrogen is gone and elements to fuse it,
    the star is imploding explodes out and all
    there is enough heat the rest of the
    and pressure for elements after iron
    heavier elements (up (Fe) are formed.
    to iron) to form.
    Gravity!
    • Gravity pulls atoms • “We are all stardust”
    back together – All the atoms that
    forming new stars make us and
    and sometimes everything else we
    planets like ours. have around us were
    made in ancient stars
    • These new objects that exploded as
    have a mix of all supernovae.
    sorts of elements.
    Evidence for the Big Bang

    1. Background hiss of microwave radiation

    2. Hydrogen is the simplest and most abundant


    element in the universe followed by He

    3. Red Shift: the universe is expanding

    4. Stars and supernovae repeat patterns

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