The document discusses urine culture testing to diagnose urinary tract infections. It describes how urine samples are collected and tested, including microscopy and culturing of urine to identify bacteria. A positive urine culture finding of ≥105 CFU/ml indicates a urinary tract infection. Urine cultures are also used to screen pregnant women for asymptomatic bacteriuria and to diagnose some sexually transmitted diseases or mycobacterial infections of the urinary tract.