1. Planning and design is the starting point for any water-wise landscape. Soil analysis will determine whether the soil should be improved so it will absorb and hold moisture better. Practical turf areas are neither too large (turfgrass requires more water than other plants) nor difficult to water efficiently.
2. Appropriate plant selection keeps the landscape more in tune with the natural environment. Native plants generally use less water than exotic plants, but there is room for both in a well-designed landscape.
3. Efficient irrigation can save 30 to 50 percent of the water bill for an average home. Use mulches in flower and shrub beds to reduce water evaporation from the soil. Appropriate
Waterwise Gardening Manual in the Top End - AustraliaFiorella58v
This document provides tips for waterwise gardening in the Top End region of Australia. Some key points discussed include:
- Up to 65% of water use is for outdoor gardening, so being waterwise in the garden can significantly reduce water consumption.
- Proper planning and choosing suitable plants are important for a waterwise garden. Group plants with similar water needs together.
- Improving soil quality through mulching and organic fertilizers helps the garden retain moisture better. Mulch should be 150mm deep and kept away from plant bases.
- The best time to water gardens is early morning to reduce evaporation. Lawns are large water users so consider reducing lawn areas.
Waterwise Guide to Gardening: A Guide to Saving Water in Established GardensFiorella58v
This document provides guidance on saving water in established gardens through proper garden design, plant selection, soil preparation, irrigation methods, and maintenance techniques. Some key points:
- 60-80% of water consumption in the metropolitan area goes to watering lawns and gardens, especially in summer. Proper techniques can significantly reduce water use without harming gardens.
- When designing or redesigning gardens, consolidate planting areas and use mulches and efficient irrigation to minimize water use. Choose plants adapted to local climate with low water needs.
- Prepare soil by improving moisture and nutrient retention through adding organic matter. Group plants by water needs and install irrigation suited to each zone.
- Warm season grasses like
Waterwise Gardening: A Guide for British Columbia's Lower Mainland - Metro Va...Fiorella58v
Water conservation is important in the Lower Mainland due to limited water storage and population growth increasing demand. The summer months see lawn sprinkling restrictions to ensure sufficient water. Waterwise gardening uses drought-resistant plants well-suited to the local wet-winter/dry-summer climate that need less watering once established. Careful planning of plant groupings according to water needs and site conditions helps create sustainable gardens.
The document provides a plant list and guidelines for creating water-wise landscapes in Salt Lake City. It acknowledges that historically landscapes have used water-intensive plants but that a transition is needed to more sustainable designs. The guidelines recommend performing a site analysis, improving soils, using efficient irrigation, limiting turf areas, applying mulch, and choosing low water plants suited to the site. An introduction provides context on water conservation needs. Sections then cover landscape program elements, soil amendments, irrigation methods, and appropriate maintenance practices. The plant list aims to introduce water-wise options for beautifying yards while reducing seasonal water demand.
Bayscaping to Conserve Water: A Homeowner's Guide - Chesapeake Bay, MarylandKama158x
This document provides a guide for homeowners on how to conserve water in their landscapes through BayScaping principles. It discusses why conserving water is important as the population grows, and provides tips for reducing outdoor water use such as proper timing, thorough watering, using the right equipment, mulching, and plant selection. Additional ways to conserve water outlined include controlling runoff, replacing lawn with alternative landscapes, and recycling water. The guide aims to help homeowners become water wise while contributing to healthier local waterways and the Chesapeake Bay.
Be Yard Smart: A Guide to Environmental Gardening - University of NebraskaKama158x
This document provides guidance on environmentally-friendly gardening practices, focusing on proper irrigation. It recommends:
1) Choosing appropriate irrigation systems like drip or soaker hoses to reduce water use and diseases, and zoning plants by water needs.
2) Avoiding overwatering and runoff by carefully observing soil moisture and plant needs, installing emitters properly, and shaping land to direct water to plants.
3) Watering early in the day to minimize evaporation and using systems that distribute water uniformly.
It estimates watering amounts for lawns and plant beds in eastern Nebraska and provides resources for more irrigation information. Proper cultural practices like aerating and fertilizing can also reduce
The document provides information about water conservation initiatives in South Australia. It introduces permanent water conservation measures that limit outdoor water use to essential purposes like hand watering gardens. It then provides tips for planning, planting, and maintaining waterwise gardens, including choosing appropriate plants, improving soil conditions, using mulch, and selecting efficient irrigation systems. The goal is to help residents have beautiful gardens while conserving water resources.
The Complete How to Guide to Xeriscaping - Albuquerque, New MexicoEric832w
This document provides an introduction and overview of xeriscaping principles for landscaping in Albuquerque, New Mexico's high desert climate. It discusses how xeriscaping uses native and drought-tolerant plants to create low-maintenance landscapes that require one-third less water than traditional turf grass yards. The document outlines the seven principles of xeriscaping and provides photos and descriptions of suitable trees, shrubs, flowers, and groundcovers for the region. It aims to help residents design water-efficient landscapes that save water while adding beauty.
Landscaping improves quality of life and property values, but requires watering during drought to maintain existing landscapes. Xeriscape principles like mulching, drip irrigation, and drought-tolerant plants can help landscapes use water efficiently. Trees should receive highest watering priority during drought as they are expensive to replace. Watering at night and following local guidelines can keep landscapes healthy with less water.
The document discusses selecting turf grasses and care based on water needs and site usage. Higher quality bluegrass and tall fescue require more water but provide aesthetic benefits, while buffalograss requires less water but is dormant in fall and spring. The amount of water used typically exceeds what the grasses need, and expectations can be adjusted to reduce watering. Different grasses have varying annual water requirements ranging from 14 to 34 inches depending on the type and quality expected.
Water-Wise Gardening - University of California, StanislausFiorella58v
This document provides a guide to creating a water-wise landscape in Stanislaus County, California. It discusses replacing traditional lawns with drought tolerant plants suited to the local climate and soil conditions. Specific recommendations include zoning plants by water needs, using drip irrigation and mulch, and following proper pruning and fertilizing practices to reduce water use and create an environmentally friendly garden. Lists of suitable plant types, including perennials, shrubs, trees, and ground covers are provided to help homeowners select water-wise options for their landscape.
Conserving Water in the Garden: Designing and Installing a New Landscape - Or...Kardatou54a
To conserve water in a new landscape:
1. Start with a plan that groups plants by water needs and uses permeable surfaces.
2. Improve the soil by adding compost or other organic matter to increase water retention.
3. Select drought-tolerant native or Mediterranean plants and water-efficient turf.
4. Use drip irrigation, water deeply and infrequently, and repair any issues with sprinkler systems to avoid overwatering.
Mulching provides several benefits including reducing evaporation by 25-50%, stabilizing soil moisture, preventing compaction, controlling weeds and moderating soil temperatures. When using wood/bark chip mulch, a 3-4 inch depth is standard for best weed control and eliminating compaction. Mulching around trees helps protect them from lawn mower damage but mulch should be kept 6 inches away from tree trunks. Grass clippings also make a good mulch for vegetable and flower beds when applied in thin layers.
Presentation on best gardener practices for water quality and watershed health. Presented to OSU Master Gardeners in Lincoln, Tillamook and Clatsop counties, winter, 2010.
Rain gardens are designed gardens or plantings that help capture and clean storm water runoff from surfaces like rooftops, driveways, and lawns. They prevent soil erosion and reduce pollutants entering waterways. A typical rain garden has different planting zones suited to different soil moisture levels, with the lowest area planted with wetland plants and the outer edge planted with drought-tolerant species. Rain gardens are an effective way to manage storm water naturally, like forests do, by slowing and filtering runoff through plants and soil. Homeowners and communities are increasingly using rain gardens to protect watersheds and meet regulations on storm water discharge.
Creating A Water-Wise Landscape - Virginia Cooperative ExtensionKardatou54a
The document provides tips for creating a water-wise landscape that reduces water usage. It recommends planning the landscape, selecting plants suited to the climate, preparing soil with organic matter, using mulch, and employing proper cultural practices like appropriate mowing and fertilizing. Specific tips include limiting turfgrass areas, grouping plants by water needs, replacing lawn with drought-tolerant groundcovers, and leaving leaf litter under trees to reduce maintenance.
La Plaza Garden CA: Water Efficient GardeningSotirakou964
This document provides information about La Plaza Garden, a water-efficient demonstration garden in Cotati, California. The garden uses various techniques like drought-tolerant plants, water harvesting, and habitat creation to conserve water and other resources. It includes seven distinct garden areas showcasing different techniques, plants, and habitats. The document also provides additional resources for water-efficient and native plant gardening.
Waterwise Gardening: Creating Your Own Xeriscape - Oregon State UniversityEric832w
The document discusses xeriscaping, which is a water-wise gardening approach. It describes the seven main components of xeriscaping: planning and design, plant selection, soil improvement, efficient irrigation, mulching, maintenance, and proper turfgrass placement. The key aspects are planning the garden based on the site conditions, choosing plants suited to the environment and water needs, improving soils, and installing an efficient irrigation system to reduce water use. Xeriscaping creates a water-smart landscape that requires less water and maintenance.
Prairier Rivers Network: Rain Gardens for IllinoisSotirakou964
Rain gardens are shallow depressions planted with native plants that are designed to capture, filter, and infiltrate stormwater runoff from rooftops, driveways, and other impervious surfaces. They provide multiple benefits by reducing flooding, improving water quality by filtering out pollutants, and providing habitat for wildlife like birds and butterflies. Proper site selection and planting of native species suited to the soil and moisture conditions are essential to establishing an effective and attractive rain garden.
This document provides information about rain gardens, including:
1) A rain garden is a garden designed to capture some of the runoff from rooftops, driveways, and lawns to slow down and soak up excess rainwater rather than letting it run into storm drains.
2) Stormwater runoff carries many pollutants that are filtered out as the water is slowed and soaked up in a rain garden, which benefits both the local environment and helps prevent issues like subsidence.
3) Creating an effective rain garden involves selecting a low-lying site near where water naturally drains, evaluating the soil drainage, and designing shallow planting zones suited to plants that can tolerate intermittent wet conditions.
Landscape Water Conservation: Principles of Xeriscape - New Mexico State Univ...Farica46m
This document provides an overview of xeriscaping principles for water-efficient landscaping in New Mexico. It discusses that a large amount of water is used for residential landscaping, and that traditionally landscaped plants from other regions require supplemental watering that is unsustainable. The key to xeriscaping is using plants adapted to the local climate and environment, and incorporating seven principles: planning and design, efficient irrigation, mulch, soil preparation, appropriate turf areas, water-efficient plant selection, and maintenance practices. By following these principles, homeowners can have attractive, colorful landscapes that use minimal supplemental watering.
This document provides guidance on designing and implementing rain gardens for property owners in Kansas. It discusses what rain gardens are and their benefits for managing stormwater runoff. The document outlines six key steps to create a successful rain garden: 1) Understanding your property context, 2) Locating and sizing the rain garden, 3) Designing plantings suited to the site, 4) Excavating and preparing soils, 5) Installing and watering plants, and 6) Monitoring and maintenance. Following these steps while considering local soils, climate and ecology will help create an effective rain garden that reduces runoff impacts and provides habitat.
Xeriscape principles promote water-efficient landscaping through practices like grouping plants by water needs, improving soil, and using mulch and efficient irrigation. However, these principles alone do not create truly sustainable landscapes, as they only address water use. Going beyond Xeriscape involves utilizing other water sources like rainwater harvesting and graywater, as well as considering energy and material resource consumption. Homeowners can make smart adjustments like using gas fireplaces instead of wood burning, installing solar lighting, and choosing locally-sourced materials to create environmentally-friendly outdoor living spaces.
The document describes guidelines for implementing water-wise or xeriscape landscaping to conserve water resources. It discusses seven key principles: planning and design, soil improvement, creating practical turf areas, grouping plants according to water needs, efficient irrigation, using mulch, and appropriate maintenance. Retrofitting existing landscapes to be more water efficient is also addressed. The guidelines provide specific practices under each principle to integrate low-water landscaping approaches.
Xeriscaping Spreadsheet: a Tool for Sustainable Grounds keeping at the Univer...Eric851q
The document is a spreadsheet created by Tim Moret, Liz Moore, and Hilary Sueoka for the University of Colorado at Boulder housing department. The spreadsheet lists 123 drought-tolerant plant species that could be used for xeriscaping on campus to conserve water according to the university's sustainability goals. It includes categories of information about each plant and links to photos online. The spreadsheet is intended as a dynamic resource that can be updated and customized for the housing department's landscaping needs over time.
Xeriscape Guidelines Adapted to Residential Gardens in CyprusEric851q
This thesis aims to adapt Xeriscape guidelines, which originated in Denver and promote water conservation through landscaping, to residential gardens in Cyprus. Cyprus faces water scarcity issues exacerbated by recent droughts, limiting gardening. The author conducted research and interviews about water conservation in Cyprus. Two case studies were used to test applying the Denver Xeriscape guidelines in Cyprus. Cultural and environmental differences necessitated adaptations to the guidelines. Graphic additions provide more detailed explanations of terms. The adapted guidelines aim to educate Cypriots on designing attractive, low-water gardens.
Xeriscape is a landscaping approach that reduces water usage through careful planning, use of drought-tolerant plants, efficient irrigation, and mulching. It allows homeowners to develop beautiful landscapes using environmentally-friendly practices while saving water, especially important during droughts. The key steps to Xeriscaping include planning based on the site's conditions, improving soil, establishing practical turf areas, selecting appropriate plants, extensive mulching, efficient irrigation, and ongoing maintenance.
Xeriscape Conversion Study - Southern Nevada Water AuthorityEric851q
This report summarizes a multi-year study conducted by the Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA) on the water savings from converting residential landscapes to xeriscape (low-water-use landscaping). The study involved recruiting hundreds of participants to convert portions of their landscapes to xeriscape (Xeric Study group) or maintain traditional turfgrass (Turf Study group). Submeters were installed to measure water use of converted and non-converted landscape areas. Results showed average annual household water savings of 30% (96,000 gallons) for those converting to xeriscape. Submeter data revealed average annual per unit area savings of 55.8 gallons for xeric areas compared to turf. Savings were highest
These owners loved the Southwestern look, and wanted NO MAINTENANCE, and VERY LOW WATER plants. Plus they also wantewd a modern clean look.
So, Agaves, Ocotillo, Aloes, a Palo Verde Tree, and succulents were used exclusively.
Location: Clairmont, San Diego, California
Xeriscape Gardening - Oklahoma State UniversityEric851q
The document discusses the principles and practices of xeriscape gardening, which is a style of landscaping that reduces or eliminates the need for irrigation. It explains the seven fundamentals of xeriscape design: planning, soil improvement, appropriate plant selection, practical turf areas, mulching, efficient irrigation, and maintenance. The document also provides many examples of low-water use trees, shrubs, perennials, groundcovers, vines, grasses, and annuals that are suitable for xeriscape gardens.
Dry Climate Landscaping: Xeriscape - Cal Poly Pomona UniversityEric851q
This syllabus is for a 6-week course on dry climate landscaping called Xeriscape taught by Wayne Smith at Cal Poly Pomona. The course will cover sustainable landscape techniques that promote water conservation, use of drought-tolerant plants, efficient irrigation systems, soil management, and maintenance practices. Students will complete readings, assignments, and a final assessment to test their understanding of the materials. Attendance at all classes is required to receive a passing grade.
Planning and Installing a Xeriscape Landscape - Fargo, North DakotaFiona9864
This document provides information on planning and installing a water-efficient xeriscape landscape. It discusses the 7 key steps: 1) planning and site assessment, 2) preparing the site, 3) selecting appropriate plants, 4) planting techniques, 5) turfgrass selection, 6) applying mulch, and 7) efficient irrigation. The goal is to create an attractive landscape using native and adapted plants that require little watering once established. Proper maintenance such as mowing turf at appropriate heights and fertilizing is also discussed to ensure the landscape thrives with less water, fertilizer and other inputs over time.
Xeriscape: the Seven Principles of Landscape Water Conservation - City of Le...Simm846q
The document discusses the principles of xeriscaping, which is a set of landscape design principles focused on water conservation. The 7 principles are: 1) Plan and design, 2) Improve soil, 3) Use drought-tolerant vegetation, 4) Limit turf areas, 5) Use efficient irrigation, 6) Apply mulch, and 7) Practice low-maintenance care. Xeriscaping can reduce water usage, save time and money, and showcase native plants that naturally grow in the prairies.
Using Water Efficiently in the Home Landscape - University of New HampshireFrida85y
The document provides tips for efficiently using water in the landscape during times of drought or water restrictions. It recommends grouping plants by water needs, using smaller plants that require less water, amending soil with compost to increase water retention, mulching, and using drip irrigation or microsprinklers which reduce evaporation and overspray. For established plants, it suggests prioritizing valuable trees and shrubs for watering, controlling weeds to reduce competition, and delaying fertilization and pruning to reduce water needs.
This document provides gardening tips for the West Kimberley region of Australia, which has an arid climate with high temperatures, seasonal rainfall, and wind. It recommends using local plant varieties adapted to the conditions, designing gardens to reduce evaporation through windbreaks and shade, improving soil with compost, and using mulch and efficient irrigation to minimize water use. Key techniques include grouping plants by water needs, retrofitting existing gardens, adding soil conditioners, and choosing appropriate mulches and watering systems.
Xeriscape is a water-wise gardening technique that can reduce landscape water usage by 50%. It involves 7 principles: 1) planning according to soil, drainage and views; 2) improving soil quality; 3) limiting turf areas; 4) selecting drought-tolerant native plants; 5) watering efficiently and only when needed; 6) using mulches to conserve water; and 7) providing adequate maintenance while using less water and resources.
Xeriscape Gardening - Goulburn Valley Water, AustraliaEric851q
This document provides information about xeriscape gardening principles and practices for water-efficient landscaping. It discusses the seven principles of xeriscape gardening including proper planning, soil preparation, use of mulch, grouping plants by water needs, and efficient watering techniques. It also provides a list of locally indigenous plants suitable for low water use gardens in the Goulburn Valley region of Australia, including trees, shrubs, ground covers, and grasses. It notes that a water conservation garden has been established at the Royal Botanic Gardens in Melbourne to teach visitors about water-efficient landscaping.
Xeriscape Gardening in Goulburn Valley, AustraliaEric851q
This document provides information about xeriscape gardening principles and practices for water-efficient landscaping. It discusses the seven principles of xeriscape gardening including proper planning, soil preparation, use of mulch, grouping plants by water needs, and efficient watering techniques. It also provides a list of locally indigenous plants suitable for low water use gardens in the Goulburn Valley region of Australia, including trees, shrubs, ground covers, and grasses. It notes that a water conservation garden has been established at the Royal Botanic Gardens in Melbourne to teach visitors about water-efficient landscaping.
Xeriscape By Design - Fort Collins, ColoradoEric851q
Xeriscaping is a landscaping concept that focuses on water conservation. It involves designing landscapes using plants that are adapted to the local climate and soil conditions to reduce or eliminate the need for irrigation once established. The key principles of xeriscaping include proper planning and design, soil preparation and improvement, efficient irrigation, use of mulch, and appropriate maintenance. By following these principles, homeowners can create attractive, colorful landscapes that use water efficiently and are compatible with Colorado's semi-arid climate.
Xeriscaping (often incorrectly spelled zero-scaping or xeroscaping) is landscaping and gardening that reduces or eliminates the need for supplemental water from irrigation.
Designing Water Smart Landscapes - Texas A&M SystemFabienne22Q
To reduce water usage in landscaping, homeowners are creating water-efficient landscapes known as xeriscapes or water smart landscapes. These concepts can save up to 50% of water used in landscaping through principles like zoning plants into low, moderate, and high water use areas. A well-designed water smart landscape should look attractive like landscapes in magazines while reducing the need for supplemental watering. Simple changes can be incorporated over time like limiting turfgrass and expanding mulched planting beds. Proper planning through measuring the property and designing zones and beds on paper allows for selecting plants suited to the site's conditions to create a beautiful water efficient landscape.
Step By step Xeriscape - Washington State UniversityFiona9864
The document provides step-by-step instructions for implementing xeriscaping to conserve water in landscaping. It recommends selecting drought-tolerant plants, improving soil quality with compost and mulch, grouping plants by water needs, checking irrigation systems, and reducing irrigated turfgrass. Xeriscaping can be done gradually and save water, time, energy and money while creating an attractive landscape.
Is Your Yard Water Efficient - Holliston, MassachusettsFarica46m
The document discusses techniques for designing and maintaining water efficient landscapes to promote water conservation and quality. It recommends reducing lawn area, planting native plants adapted to local conditions, enriching soil, watering less frequently and deeply, and avoiding over-fertilization which can pollute water resources. Adopting these practices can help the town meet water demands during drought by creating drought-resilient landscapes while saving residents money over time.
Water-Wise Food Gardening Sonoma County - University of CaliforniaKaila694m
The document discusses water-wise gardening techniques for conserving water in food gardens during the dry summer months in Sonoma County. It recommends preparing soil with compost to improve water retention, using drip irrigation systems to apply water directly to plant roots efficiently, and applying mulch around plants to reduce evaporation and weed growth. Drip irrigation requires checking lines yearly and running more frequently for shorter periods to keep the top layers of soil moist without overwatering. The amount and frequency of watering depends on soil type, plant needs, weather conditions, and whether mulch is used.
Northwest Arkansas Rain Gardens
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For more information, Please see websites below:
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Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
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Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
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Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
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Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
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Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
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City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
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Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
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Native Landscaping info and Water Conservation info for presentation for Rockdale Intermediate schools. They needed a speaker from the Master Naturalists chapter we are part of to come discuss use of Native Plants and Water Conservation in the Garden Space. This is the information we provided as a speaker and stayed to discuss volunteer projects as well.
Xeriscaping is a type of landscaping that reduces the need for watering by using drought-resistant plants and efficient watering methods. It involves grouping plants with similar water needs together, improving the soil to help it retain water, and using mulch to reduce evaporation. Xeriscaping can significantly lower the amount of water needed to maintain a landscape while still providing an attractive garden.
Xeriscaping is a landscaping method that reduces or eliminates the need for irrigation. It involves using drought-tolerant plants, proper soil preparation including mulch, and efficient irrigation. There are seven principles of xeriscaping: planning, soil preparation, appropriate plant selection for water needs, limiting turf areas, using efficient irrigation, applying mulch, and providing appropriate maintenance. Xeriscaping can save water, reduce maintenance needs, and provide wildlife habitat using native plants suited to the local climate.
Xeriscaping provides several benefits:
1) It enhances the value of homes with attractive, water-conserving landscapes that require little maintenance.
2) It saves water by 30-100% compared to traditional landscaping through appropriate plant selection and irrigation methods.
3) Xeriscaping creates drought-resistant landscapes that can withstand watering restrictions.
Water Efficient Gardens Manual - New South Wales, AustraliaFrida85y
This document provides tips for creating a water efficient garden. It recommends zoning plants into high, medium, and low water use areas. Proper garden design considers sunlight, wind, and drainage. Selecting drought-tolerant native plants adapted to local conditions reduces water needs. Improving soil quality with compost and mulch allows the soil to retain more water. Aerating clay soils and adding moisture-retaining products can also improve water efficiency. Regular pruning and mulching helps plants while using less water.
Efficient Irrigation of Trees and Shrubs - Utah State UniversityRetiz16x
This document provides guidance on efficiently irrigating trees and shrubs. It notes that over-watering in Utah's landscapes wastes water and damages structures. Proper irrigation encourages deeper roots and drought tolerance. The document recommends watering trees and shrubs less frequently than turf but for longer, using a soil moisture test to determine when to water. It also provides tips on determining plant water needs and selecting drought tolerant tree species.
Drought-Tolerant Landscapes for Alabama - Alabama A&M UniversityFabienne22Q
This document provides guidelines for designing drought-tolerant landscapes in Alabama. It discusses hydrozoning plants according to their water needs, improving soil quality, and selecting plants adapted to the local climate to reduce outdoor water usage. The key recommendations are to zone at least 60% of the landscape for low water use plants, amend soil with organic matter, and space plants appropriately to limit the need for supplemental irrigation.
Similar to Xeriscape Landscape Water Conservation - Texas A&M University (20)
Xeriscape: a Guide to Developing a Water-Wise Landscape - University of GeorgiaEric851q
This document provides a guide to developing a water-wise landscape using Xeriscape principles. It outlines seven steps: 1) Planning and Design, 2) Soil Analysis, 3) Appropriate Plant Selection, 4) Practical Turf Areas, 5) Efficient Irrigation, 6) Use of Mulches, and 7) Appropriate Maintenance. Implementing some or all of these steps can reduce outdoor water consumption by up to 50% without sacrificing beauty or quality. A water-wise landscape is environmentally friendly and low maintenance, saving both water and money.
Xeriscape is a landscaping approach that reduces or eliminates the need for irrigation. It utilizes drought-resistant plants and efficient watering techniques. The document discusses xeriscape and green technologies that can be used, including water harvesting, plant layering, and alternative turf grasses. It also addresses the costs of xeriscaping, which can save money over time through lower water and maintenance costs. Examples of xeriscape case studies are provided, such as projects at Sandia Labs and outdoor pavilion areas.
Xeriscape and the Sustainable Landscape - Texas Solar Energy SocietyEric851q
Xeriscape is a concept of water conservation that can be applied to any landscape style. It involves planning and designing landscapes to reduce water use through efficient irrigation systems, soil preparation, appropriate plant selection, and other principles. Some key aspects of xeriscaping include dividing landscapes into zones based on water needs, using mulch and drought-tolerant plants native to the area, and prioritizing conservation to sustain water supplies for a growing population. Proper maintenance practices are also important to ensure the sustainable landscape continues to reduce water usage over time.
Xeriscape at Bickham-Rudkin Park - Edmond, OklahomaEric851q
The document summarizes the principles of Xeriscape gardening, which uses creative landscaping techniques to reduce water usage. It discusses designing gardens with different water use zones, improving soil, selecting drought-tolerant plants, using mulch, and irrigating efficiently. The overall goal is to create an attractive landscape that requires less water and maintenance than conventional gardens.
The document discusses xeriscaping and its history and benefits. It provides examples of xeriscaped landscapes in Colorado that conserve water and examples of how homeowners can convert existing landscapes to be more waterwise. The key aspects are using drought tolerant plants, proper plant spacing and grouping by water needs, and designing functional and low-maintenance landscapes. Xeriscaping can significantly reduce water use and bills while providing attractive, wildlife-friendly gardens.
Xeriscape: Basics and Converting on a Budget - Aurora, ColoradoEric851q
This document provides information about converting landscapes to xeriscape on a budget from the City of Aurora Water Conservation. It discusses free water conservation resources including classes, rebates, audits, and a youth education program. Xeriscaping provides benefits like water conservation, lower bills, reduced maintenance, wildlife habitat and attractiveness. Following the 7 principles of plan/design, practical turf areas, low water plants, soil amendments, mulches, efficient irrigation, and maintenance can create an attractive low water landscape. The document provides tips on plant selection, irrigation, and maintaining a xeriscape. It also discusses the xeriscape rebate program.
Xeriscape Bedding Plants - Mecklenburg County, North CarolinaEric851q
The document provides plant recommendations for a xeriscape landscape, focusing on plants that require little water once established. It recommends considering the soil, light, and moisture conditions in different areas of the landscape. Native plants are a good starting point but must match the site conditions. Several drought tolerant perennials, bulbs, herbs, grasses, and annuals are listed as options. Proper planting and mulching is emphasized to help plants thrive with less watering.
This document provides a plant list for xeriscaping in Pullman, Washington. It begins by explaining that xeriscaping techniques reduce water consumption, maintenance needs, and use of fertilizers and pesticides. The list then categorizes suitable perennials, bulbs, grasses, shrubs, and trees for low-water landscaping. An important part of xeriscaping is grouping plants with similar water needs together to allow watering as needed and reduce waste.
Xeriscape Conversion for Urban Water Conservation - Southern NevadaEric851q
This paper presents the results of a study conducted in Las Vegas, Nevada that quantified water savings from converting typical turf and shrub landscapes to xeriscapes. The study found that xeriscaped homes used 41% less water outdoors after converting at least 500 square feet of turf to xeriscaping. There was little relationship between the area xeriscaped and water savings, but a stronger relationship between pre-conversion irrigation intensity and post-conversion savings. This implies savings came from reducing wasteful irrigation on remaining turf as well as in xeriscaped areas.
Xeriscape Design Clinic - Fort Collins, ColoradoEric851q
This document provides information about an upcoming Xeriscape Design Clinic where participants will receive a customized low-water landscape plan for their property. It outlines the steps and materials needed to prepare for the clinic, including completing a landscape profile and site plan of the area to be designed. Participants are instructed to bring specific documents and photos to their appointment. The document also provides resources on Xeriscaping including local classes and books on the topic.
Xeriscape: Dry Landscaping - Coconino County, Arizona Eric851q
Xeriscaping involves landscaping with plants that are drought-resistant and tolerant of temperature fluctuations in order to reduce water, fertilizer, and other resource needs. Key aspects of xeriscaping include contouring land to capture rainwater, improving soil quality, selecting native plants adapted to the climate, grouping plants by water requirements, installing efficient irrigation only where needed, and using mulches instead of lawns. Xeriscaping benefits the environment by encouraging biodiversity and reducing demands on water resources.
Xeriscape From the Ground Up with Jim Tolstrup - Fort Collins, ColoradoEric851q
This document discusses the environmental impacts of conventional lawns and gardens and introduces an alternative approach called xeriscaping. It notes that most of the United States has been altered for human use, including large areas of pavement and lawns. Conventional lawns require large amounts of water, pesticides, fertilizers and fuel for mowing, which harm wildlife and water quality. The document advocates for sustainable landscaping principles like xeriscaping that are low-maintenance, conserve resources and support local biodiversity. It outlines seven principles of xeriscaping, including planning, using drought-tolerant plants, efficient irrigation, soil improvement and mulching.
Xeriscape Front Yards - Mecklenburg County, North CarolinaEric851q
The document discusses how to implement a Xeriscape design for a front yard in multiple stages to avoid needing approval from a homeowner's association. It recommends starting with a comprehensive design plan that incorporates the seven Xeriscape principles. The design can then be divided into many small projects over time, such as reducing lawn size, replacing grass with drought-tolerant varieties, amending soil, adding mulch and drought-tolerant plants, and improving irrigation. Doing the project in stages allows homeowners to gradually transform their yard without requiring full approval.
Xeriscaping: An Approach To Water Conserving Landscapes - Greater Victoria Co...Eric851q
This document summarizes water conservation strategies for landscaping, known as xeriscaping, and provides an overview of the current water restrictions in Victoria, BC due to drought conditions. It discusses designing gardens with drought-tolerant plants and efficient watering techniques like drip irrigation and mulching to reduce water usage. The document also outlines the Stage 3 water restrictions currently in effect in Victoria, which prohibit lawn watering and limit other outdoor water uses, with the goal of reducing consumption by 25-30% to stretch the remaining water supply.
Xeriscape Garden Plants for Oklahoma - Oklahoma State UniversityEric851q
This document provides a list of perennial, annual, and other plant options for xeriscape gardens in Oklahoma. It includes drought tolerant trees, shrubs, groundcovers, climbers, and ornamental grasses. The list was produced by the Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service and Oklahoma State University's Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture.
This document provides information on planting and maintaining a xeriscape garden using drought-tolerant plants. It lists several perennials, shrubs, trees, and groundcovers suitable for high-altitude gardens, along with their heights. It emphasizes the importance of proper irrigation, pruning, fertilizing, weeding, planting at the right times, and maintaining lawns above 2-3 inches. It encourages incorporating organic matter into soil, avoiding compaction, and using mulch to conserve water and create a sustainable landscape.
Xeriscape Gardening Brochure - Spartanburg, South CarolinaEric851q
Mulch is a layer of material covering the soil that conserves water by reducing evaporation. It also reduces weeds and soil compaction while keeping soil temperatures moderate. Appropriate mulches should be used wherever possible. A well-designed xeriscape requires less maintenance through reduced watering, mowing, and mulch applications using efficient irrigation techniques. When planning a xeriscape, the seven principles of planning, soil analysis, appropriate plant selection, practical turf areas, efficient irrigation, mulches, and appropriate maintenance should be followed to significantly decrease water use.
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Principles of Roods Approach!!!!!!!.pptxibtesaam huma
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AI Risk Management: ISO/IEC 42001, the EU AI Act, and ISO/IEC 23894PECB
As artificial intelligence continues to evolve, understanding the complexities and regulations regarding AI risk management is more crucial than ever.
Amongst others, the webinar covers:
• ISO/IEC 42001 standard, which provides guidelines for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continually improving AI management systems within organizations
• insights into the European Union's landmark legislative proposal aimed at regulating AI
• framework and methodologies prescribed by ISO/IEC 23894 for identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks associated with AI systems
Presenters:
Miriama Podskubova - Attorney at Law
Miriama is a seasoned lawyer with over a decade of experience. She specializes in commercial law, focusing on transactions, venture capital investments, IT, digital law, and cybersecurity, areas she was drawn to through her legal practice. Alongside preparing contract and project documentation, she ensures the correct interpretation and application of European legal regulations in these fields. Beyond client projects, she frequently speaks at conferences on cybersecurity, online privacy protection, and the increasingly pertinent topic of AI regulation. As a registered advocate of Slovak bar, certified data privacy professional in the European Union (CIPP/e) and a member of the international association ELA, she helps both tech-focused startups and entrepreneurs, as well as international chains, to properly set up their business operations.
Callum Wright - Founder and Lead Consultant Founder and Lead Consultant
Callum Wright is a seasoned cybersecurity, privacy and AI governance expert. With over a decade of experience, he has dedicated his career to protecting digital assets, ensuring data privacy, and establishing ethical AI governance frameworks. His diverse background includes significant roles in security architecture, AI governance, risk consulting, and privacy management across various industries, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
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Date: June 26, 2024
Tags: ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, EU AI Act, ISO/IEC 23894
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Training: ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
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Xeriscape Landscape Water Conservation - Texas A&M University
1. B-1584
5-01
Xeriscape ™
Landscape Water Conservation
2. Xeriscape and the Xeriscape logo are trademarks of the Denver Water Department.
3. Douglas F. Welsh, Extension Horticulturist
William C. Welch, Extension Landscape Horticulturist
The Texas A&M University System
Water has become a critical issue for the design. Sketch your yard, showing the loca-
future prosperity of Texas. Booming popula- tions of buildings, trees, shrubs, gardens
tions have increased the demand on the and grass areas. Then consider how you use
state’s already limited supply of high-quali- the various areas of your yard, how you
ty water. In addition, seasonal fluctuations want your yard to look, the amount of
in rainfall and periodic droughts create a maintenance you plan to give it, and the
feast-to-famine cycle in Texas. budget you can afford. Also pinpoint the
In urban areas, about 25 percent of the areas of your landscape that require the
water supply is used to water landscapes most water. The purpose of planning is to
and gardens. In the summer, as much as 60 design a landscape that will have the
percent of the water the average household appearance and function you desire while
uses may be for landscape maintenance conserving water. Local landscape archi-
Many traditional landscapes require large tects, designers, nurserymen and county
amounts of water, and much of this water is Extension agents can help in this decision
applied inefficiently. making. You can implement your landscape
design gradually over several years.
To reduce the excessive use of water for
maintaining landscapes, the Texas Agricul- Analyze and Prepare the Soil
tural Extension Service encourages Texans
to adopt Xeriscape landscaping. This con- Have your soil tested. (Your county
cept conserves water and protects the envi- Extension agent can tell you how.) The test
ronment. Xeriscape landscapes need not be results will tell you what kinds and
cactus and rock gardens. They can be cool, amounts of fertilizer your soil needs, and
green landscapes full of beautiful plants whether you should add organic matter.
maintained with water-efficient practices. Most soils benefit greatly from organic mat-
ter. Adding organic matter to the soil of
The seven water-saving principles of
shrub and flower bed areas makes plants
Xeriscape landscaping are not new; they
healthier. Organic matter also helps the soil
have been practiced in the landscape indus-
absorb and store water. As a rule-of-thumb,
try for decades. Combining all seven into a
till in 4 to 6 inches of organic material such
comprehensive program of landscape water
as shredded pine bark, compost or leaves. It
conservation is what makes Xeriscape land-
is not necessary to incorporate organic mat-
scaping unique. The principles are:
ter for trees, and for large turfgrass areas it
5 Planning and design is not economically feasible.
5 Soil analysis and preparation
5 Practical turf areas Be Practical with Turf Areas
5 Appropriate plant selection When designing the landscape, keep in
5 Efficient irrigation
mind that turfgrasses need more water and
maintenance than most other plants. To con-
5 Use of mulches serve water, reduce the size of the lawn by
5 Appropriate maintenance including patios, decks, shrub beds and
By incorporating these seven principles, groundcovers in the landscape design.
you can help preserve our most precious Also consider the ease of watering turf
natural resource—water. areas. Areas that are long and narrow,
small, or oddly shaped are difficult to water
Start With a Plan efficiently. Confine grass to blocky, squarish
Creating a water-efficient landscape areas that are easier to maintain.
begins with a well-thought-out landscape
3
4. Select Appropriate Plants a deep, well-rooted lawn that efficiently
uses water stored in the soil.
Select trees, shrubs and groundcovers
that are adapted to your region’s soil and To know when to water the lawn, simply
climate. Texas is blessed with an abundance observe the grass. Wilting and discoloration
of beautiful native plants from which to are signs of water stress. At the first sign of
choose. Most require less water and fertiliz- wilting, you have 24 to 48 hours to water
er and have fewer pest problems than non- before serious injury occurs. Apply 1 inch
adapted exotic plants that have been intro- of water to the lawn as rapidly as possible
duced into Texas landscapes. without runoff.
Native Texas plants are becoming more Trees and Shrubs
available at retail nurseries and garden cen- Newly planted trees and shrubs should
ters. Combining Texas natives with well- be watered frequently until they are well
adapted exotic plants is one key to a beauti- rooted, which may take two growing sea-
ful, interesting landscape that conserves sons. Once established, plants should be
water. watered less frequently so they will develop
When it comes to selecting a turfgrass, deep roots and be better able to withstand
remember that the different varieties have drought.
very different water requirements. One of In the absence of rain, most trees and
the best ways to conserve water is to select shrubs benefit from a once-a-month, thor-
a grass that is adapted to your area of the ough watering during the growing season.
state and that has a low demand for water. Normal lawn watering is not a substitute for
Refer to the tables in this publication for thorough tree and shrub watering. The feed-
landscape plants adapted to and recom- ing root system of a tree or shrub is located
mended for your area. Your county within the top 12 inches of the soil and at
Extension agent or local nurseryman also the “dripline” of the plant. The dripline is
can make suggestions. the area directly below the outermost reach-
es of the branches. Apply water and fertiliz-
Water Efficiently er from just inside to a little beyond the
Tremendous amounts of water are dripline, not at the trunk. Simply lay a slow-
applied to lawns and gardens, but much of ly running hose on the ground and move it
it is never absorbed by the plants and put to around the dripline as each area becomes
use. Some water runs off because it is saturated to a depth of 8 to 10 inches. For
applied too rapidly, and some water evapo- large trees, this watering technique may
rates from exposed, unmulched soil; but, take several hours.
the greatest waste of water is applying too Irrigation Systems
much too often. The goal of any irrigation system is to
When too much water is applied to the give plants enough water without wasting
landscape it can leach nutrients deep into it. By zoning an irrigation system, grass
the soil away from plant roots, and possibly areas can be watered separately and more
pollute groundwater. Runoff also can cause frequently than groundcovers, shrubs and
pollution by carrying fertilizers and pesti- trees. Sprinkler and drip irrigation can
cides into streams and lakes. These prob- be used together to conserve water in the
lems can be eliminated with proper water- landscape.
ing techniques. Sprinkler irrigation. Most people water
Lawns with sprinklers—either hose-end sprinklers
Most lawns receive twice as much water or permanent, underground systems. A per-
as they need. The key to watering lawns is manent sprinkler system can be more
to apply the water only when the grass water-efficient than a hose-end sprinkler,
needs it, but water thoroughly. This creates but both systems require little maintenance
and apply large volumes of water in a short
4
5. time. If you have a permanent sprinkler sys- water-efficient. Mow St. Augustinegrass and
tem, make sure the sprinkler heads are buffalograss at 3 inches, Bermudagrass at 1
positioned properly to avoid watering side- inch, centipedegrass and Zoysiagrass at 2
walks and driveways. Also adjust sprinkler inches.
heads so that they spray large droplets of Fertilizing the lawn at the proper time
water instead of a fog or fine mist, which and using the proper amount can save time,
evaporates quickly and may drift away with effort and money by reducing mowing and
the wind. With either hose-end sprinklers watering. Fertilizers also can be a major
or permanent systems, water between late source of pollution of streams and ground-
evening and mid-morning so that water water if too much is applied. Fertilize the
won’t evaporate quickly and be wasted. lawn once in the spring and again in the
Drip irrigation. Drip irrigation is more fall. Use a slow-release form of nitrogen in
efficient and more beneficial to plants than the spring application and a quick-release
sprinkler irrigation. In areas of the state form in the fall. Apply only 1 pound of
where water quality is poor (i.e., high salt actual nitrogen fertilizer per 1,000 square
content), drip irrigation is also safer for feet of lawn at one time. With this schedule,
landscapes. Drip irrigation slowly applies no other fertilizer is needed to maintain
water to soil. The water flows under low most shrubs and trees in the lawn area.
pressure through emitters, bubblers, or Check your irrigation system periodically
spray heads placed at each plant. There is and maintain it so that it will operate effi-
little chance that water applied by drip irri- ciently. Properly time any insect and disease
gation will be wasted by evaporation or control measures, and eliminate weeds (they
runoff. If you aren’t familiar with drip irri- compete with other plants for water).
gation, seek advice from professionals and
A well-designed landscape that uses
experiment with it in small sections of the
Xeriscape principles can reduce mainte-
landscape. This will acquaint you with the
nance by as much as 50 percent through
benefits of drip irrigation.
reduced mowing, once-a-year mulching, the
Conserve Moisture with Mulches elimination of unadapted plants that require
lots of water, and efficient irrigation.
Mulch is a layer of nonliving material
covering the soil surface around plants. Commit to Water Conservation
Mulches can be organic materials such as
Water must be a vital concern for every-
pine bark, compost and woodchips; or inor-
one in Texas because it is a limited and
ganic materials such as lava rock, limestone
fragile resource. Many people believe that
or permeable plastic (not sheet plastic).
watering landscapes is a nonessential luxu-
Use a mulch wherever possible. A good ry. In times of severe drought, rationing
mulch conserves water by significantly may limit the amount of water we can use
reducing moisture evaporation from the for our lawns and gardens. Therefore,
soil. Mulch also reduces weeds, prevents Texans have a special responsibility to con-
soil compaction, and keeps soil tempera- serve water and protect its quality.
tures more moderate. Xeriscaping conserves water in the land-
scape without sacrificing beauty and plant
Use Good Maintenance Practices diversity. By following these guidelines, you
Mowing grass at the proper height con- can proudly create your own Xeriscape
serves water because it encourages root sys- landscape.
tems to grow deeper and become more
5
6. Planning and design is the starting point for any Soil analysis will deter
1 water-wise landscape. 2 should be improved s
hold moisture better.
Appropriate plant selection keeps the landscape more Efficient irrigation can
4 in tune with the natural environment. Native plants
generally use less water than exotic plants, but
5 water bill for an aver
there is room for both in a well-designed landscape
Appropriate maintenan
7 beauty and conserves
ize, irrigate and contr
Join the Xeriscape movement. Check with your local water d
7. mine whether the soil Practical turf areas are neither too large (turfgrass
that it will absorb and 3 requires more water than other plants) nor diffi-
cult to water efficiently.
ave 30 to 50 percent of the Use mulches in flower and shrub beds to reduce
ge home. 6 water evaporation from the soil.
e preserves the landscape’s
water. Prune, weed, fertil-
l pests properly.
epartment or county Extension agent for more information.
8. Outstanding Landscape Plants for Texas
Plant Adaptation Map
Region 1 - East Texas (Texarkana, Houston, Tyler, Beaumont, Nacogdoches)
Region 2 - South Texas (Corpus Christi, Brownsville, Laredo, Del Rio)
Region 3 - Central Texas (Austin, Waco, Bryan/College Station, San Antonio)
Region 4 - North Central Texas (Dallas, Ft. Worth, Denton, Wichita Falls)
Region 5 - Panhandle (Armadillo)
Region 6 - West Texas (El Paso, Lubbock, San Angelo, Midland, Abilene)
NOTE - Plants with number 7 are adaptable to most areas of Texas.
5 Texas native
Turfgrasses
Common name Scientific name Best adapted for Notes
Bermudagrass Cynodon dactylon 7 Good drought tolerance; produces dense turf; poor
shade tolerance; plant seed or sod
5 Buffalograss Buchloe dactyloides 3,4,5,6 Excellent drought tolerance; produces thin turf; poor
shade tolerance; plant seed or sod
Carpetgrass Axonopus affinis 1 Adapted to moist sites; tolerates partial shade; many
seedheads; thin turf; plant seed
Centipedegrass Eremochloa ophiuroides 1 Low maintenance; tolerates partial shade; tolerates
drought; plant seed or sod
St. Augustinegrass Stenotaphrum secundatum 1,2,3,4 Produces dense turf; good shade tolerance; poor
drought tolerance; plant sod
Tall fescue Festuca arundinacea 4,5 Under irrigation, remains green year-round; good
shade tolerance; poor drought tolerance; plant seed
Zoysiagrass Zoysia spp. 7 Produces dense turf; good shade tolerance; good
drought tolerance; plant sod
Vines
Common name Scientific name Best adapted for Exposure Notes
Boston ivy Parthenocissus tricuspidata 7 Sun/shade Deciduous; fall color; clings to walls
Bougainvillea Bougainvillea sp. 2 Sun Evergreen; many flower colors; plant
outdoors in extreme southern Texas
only or provide winter protection
Carolina jesssamine Gelsemium sempervirens 1,2,3,4 Sun/shade Evergreen; yellow spring flowers
Clematis Clematis sp. 5 Shade Beautiful blooms; deciduous vines
Confederate jasmine Trachelospermum jasminoides 1,2,3,4 Sun/shade Evergreen; fragrant white spring flowers
5 Coral honeysuckle Lonicera sempervirens 7 Sun Coral flower in summer
Coralvine Antigonon leptopus 1,2,3,4,6 Sun Pink flowers in late summer and fall
English ivy Hedera helix 7 Shade Evergreen; green or variegated
foliage; loves shade
Fig ivy Ficus pumila (repens) 1,2,3,4 Sun/shade Evergreen; clings to walls
8
9. Vines (continued)
Common name Scientific name Best adapted for Exposure Notes
5 Improved trumpet vine Camsis radicans 7 Sun/shade Orange flowers in summer and fall
Lady Banksia Rosa banksia 1,2,3,4,6 Sun Spring flowers in yellow or white
Mermaid rose Rosa x bractaeta 1,2,3,4,6 Sun Fragrant, pale yellow flower; vigorous
climber; pest-resistant
Rosa x fortuniana Rosa x fortuniana 1,2,3,4,6 Sun Fragrant, white flowers; vigorous
climber; pest-resistant
Silverlace vine Polygonum aubertii 3,4,5,6 Sun/shade Fluffy masses of white flowers
5 Virginia creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia 7 Sun/shade Clings to walls; fall color
Wisteria Wisteria sp. 7 Sun/shade Blue clusters of flowers in spring
Groundcovers
Common name Scientific name Best adapted for Exposure Notes
Ajuga Ajuga reptans 7 Shade Variety of foliage colors and blue
flowers; requires well-drained soil
Asiatic jasmine Trachelospermum asiaticum 1,2,3,4,6 Sun/shade Evergreen; green or variegated foliage
Confederate jasmine Trachelospermum jasminoides 1,2,3,4 Sun/shade Evergreen; fragrant, white spring flowers
English ivy Hedera Helix 7 Shade Evergreen; green or variegated foliage
Liriope Liriope muscari 7 Sun/shade Evergreen; grass-like foliage; purple
blooms; varieties: big blue, gigantic
Monkey grass Ophiopogon japonicus 7 Sun/shade Evergreen, grass-like foliage; dwarf
and standard varieties
Prostrate rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis 2 Sun Grayish-green, fragrant foliage; light
blue flowers
Santolina Santolina sp. 3,4,5,6 Sun Species with green or silver foliage
Trailing juniper Juniperus sp. 3,4,5,6 Sun Several varieties available; not
suitable for wet, humid areas
Vinca Vinca major 7 Shade Blue flowers and dark green foliage
Perennials
Best adapted Flowering
Common name Scientific name for Exposure Flower color season Height
5 Autumn sage Salvia greggii 2,3,4,6 Sun White, red, pink, Spring to fall 2-3 ft.
salmon
5 Baby sun/sunray Coreopsis grandiflora 7 Sun Yellow, orange Late spring, 1 ft.
coreopsis summer
Bearded iris Iris xiphioides 7 Sun/shade Many Spring 1-3 ft.
Blue plumbago Plumbago auriculata 1,2,3 Sun/shade Blue, white Summer, fall 3 ft.
Bouncing bet Sapinara officinalis 7 Sun/shade Pink Summer 1-2 ft.
Cigar plant Cuphea micropetala 1,2,3 Sun/shade Red/yellow Summer, fall 3-4 ft.
Daylily Hemerocallis sp. 7 Sun Many Spring, summer 1-3 ft.
9
10. Perennials (continued)
Best adapted Flowering
Common name Scientific name for Exposure Flower color season Height
Firebush Hamelia patens 1,2,3 Sun Reddish-orange Summer, fall 3-5 ft.
Garden canna Canna x generalis 7 Sun/shade Yellow, red, Summer 2-4 ft.
pink, salmon
Goldsturm rudbeckia Rudbeckia x goldsturm 7 Sun Yellow Summer 2 ft.
5 Hinckley’s columbine Aquilegia hinckleyana 2,3,5 Shade Yellow Spring 18 in.
5 Indian blanket Gaillardia sp. 7 Sun Reddish-yellow Spring to fall 18 in.
5 Lantana Lantana sp. 1,2,3,6 Sun Many Spring to fall 1-2 ft.
Lousiana iris Iris fulva x Iris 7 Sun/shade Many Spring 3 ft.
giganticaerulea x Iris foliosa
5 Mealy cup sage Salvia farinacea 1,2,3,4,6 Sun Blue, white, Spring, summer, 3 ft.
purple fall
Mexican oregano Poliomentha longiflora 1,2,3,6 Sun Pink Summer 1-2 ft.
Mexican sage Salvia leucantha 2,3 Sun Blue Spring to fall 3-4 ft.
5 Moonbeam/ Coreopsis verticillata 7 Sun Yellow, orange Late spring, 2-3 ft.
Zagreb coreopsis summer
5 Pavonia Pavonia lasiopetala 1,2,3 Sun/shade Pink Spring to fall 3-4 ft.
5 Perennial verbena Verbena sp. 1,2,3,4,6 Sun Many Spring to fall 6 in.-1 ft.
5 Pink rain lily Zephyranthes grandiflora 7 Sun/shade Pink Summer 1 ft.
5 Purple coneflower Echinacea angustifolia 7 Sun Purple Spring to fall 18 in.
Rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis 1,2,3,4,6 Sun/shade Blue Summer, fall 1-4 ft.
Society garlic Tulbaghia violacea 7 Sun/shade Lavender Spring to fall 18 in.
Sweet violet Viola adorata 7 Shade Purple Winter, spring 6-8 in.
5 White rain lily Zephyranthes candida 1,2,3,4,6 Sun/shade White Summer 1 ft.
Ornamental grasses
Common name Scientific name Best adapted for Exposure Flowering season Height
5 Big bluestem Andropogon gerardii 7 Sun Summer, fall 3-4 ft.
Fountain grass Pennisetum ruppelii 7 Sun Summer 3 ft.
5 Muhly grass Muehlenbergia lindheimeri 2,3,4,6 Sun Summer 3 ft.
Pampas grass Cortaderia selloana 7 Sun Summer, fall 7 ft.
5 Purple autumn grass Miscanthus sinensis 7 Sun Summer 3-4 ft.
Sideoats gramma Bouteloua curtipendula 7 Sun Summer 2-3 ft.
10
11. Shrubs
Common name Scientific name Best adapted for Exposure Notes
Dwarf shrubs (1 to 3 feet tall)
Dwarf burford holly Ilex cornuta rotunda burfordii 7 Sun/shade Glossy evergreen foliage
Dwarf Chinese holly Ilex cornuta rotunda 7 Sun/shade Glossy evergreen foliage
Dwarf pittosporum Pittosporum tobira wheeleri 1,2,3 Sun/shade Small, round evergreen
5 Dwarf yaupon holly Ilex vomitoria nana 7 Sun/shade Glossy evergreen foliage
Nandina: harbour dwarf, Nandina spp. 7 Sun/shade Reddish evergreen foliage
gulf stream, nana
5 Red yucca Hesperaloe parvifolia 7 Sun Red flowers on tall spikes
Rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis 1,2,3,4,6 Sun Fragrant bluish-green foliage; blue
flowers; herb
Small shrubs (3 to 5 feet tall)
Barberry Berberis thunbergii atropurpurea 1,3,4,5,6 Sun Red evergreen foliage
Bridal wreath spirea Spirea cantoniensis (S. reevesiana) 7 Sun/shade Sprawling; fern-like; white spring blooms
China rose Rosa chinensis 1,2,3,4,6 Sun Hardy; long-blooming; pest-resistant;
varieties: Old Blush (pink) and Cramiosi
Superior (red)
Dwarf burford holly Ilex cornuta rotunda burfordii 7 Sun/shade Glossy evergreen foliage
5 Dwarf palmetto Sabal minor 1,2,3,4,6 Sun/shade Trunkless, bushy palm
Flowering quince Chaenomeles japonica 7 Sun Deciduous shrub; spring blooming
(red, pink, white or orange)
Glossy abelia Abelia grandiflora 7 Sun/shade Bronze evergreen foliage and white flowers
Grayleaf cotoneaster Cotoneaster glaucophylla 1,3,4,5,6 Sun/shade Sprawling evergreen shrub; dusty gray
foliage
Indian hawthorne Raphiolepis indica 7 Sun/shade Spring flowering; blue berries in fall;
evergreen
Japanese boxwood Buxus japonica 7 Sun/shade Evergreen foliage
Juniper Juniperus sp. 1,3,4,5,6 Sun Tough, evergreen shrub; many
varieties available
Nandina compact Nandina domestica compacta 7 Sun/shade Reddish evergreen foliage and red fall
berries
Tea rose Rosa adorata 1,2,3,4,6 Sun Hardy; long blooming; pest-resistant;
excellent varieties: Mrs. B.R. Cant
(rose), Mrs. Dudley Cross (yellow) and
Duchesse de Brandant (pink)
Medium shrubs (6 to 9 feet tall)
5 Agarita Mahonia trifoliata 2,3,4,6 Sun Holly-like evergreen foliage; yellow
spring flowers; red edible berries
Althea Hibiscus syriacas 7 Sun Upright; deciduous; many colors;
summer blooming
Burford holly Ilex cornuta burfordii 7 E Glossy evergreen foliage
5 Central Texas sage Leucophyllum sp. 2,3,4,6 Sun Dusty gray evergreen foliage; blooms
throughout summer
Chinese horned holly Ilex cornuta 7 Sun/shade Glossy evergreen foliage
Eleagnus Eleagnus fruitlandi 7 Sun Evergreen with grayish-green foliage
Forsythia Forsythia intermedia spectabilis 1,3,4,5,6 Sun/shade Yellow spring flowers
Fraser photinia Photinia x fraseri 7 Sun/shade Red new foliage; evergreen
11
12. Shrubs (continued)
Common name Scientific name Best adapted for Exposure Notes
Glossy abelia Abelia grandiflora 7 Sun/shade Bronze evergreen foliage; white or
pink flowers
Green pittosporum Pittosporum tobira 1,2,3,4,6 Sun/shade Large evergreen shrub
Indian hawthorne Raphiolepis indica 7 Sun/shade Spring flowering; blue berries in fall;
evergreen
Italian jasmine Jasminum humile 7 Sun Sprawling evergreen; yellow summer
flowers
Juniper Juniperus sp. 1,3,4,5,6 Sun Tough evergreen; many varieties
Nandina Nandina domestica 7 Sun/shade Reddish evergreen foliage; red fall
berries
Pomegranate Punica granatum 1,2,3,4,6 Sun Large, upright shrub; orange blooms;
edible fruit; dwarf variety: Chico
Variegated pittosporum Pittosporum tobira variegata 1,2,3,4,6 Sun/shade Green/white variegated evergreen shrub
Winter honeysuckle Lonicera fragrantissima 7 Sun/shade Fragrant clusters of white flowers in
winter
Large shrubs (10 to 25 feet tall)
5 American holly Ilex opaca 1 Sun Tree-form holly; evergreen foliage; red
berries
Arizona cypress Cupressus arizonica 1,3,4,5,6 Sun Evergreen for specimen and windbreak
plantings
California fan palm Washingtonia filifera 1,2,3 Sun Tree-like palm
5 Cherry laurel Prunus caroliniana 1,2,3,4,6 Sun/shade Tree-like evergreen shrub
Chinese photinia Photinia serrulata 1,3,4,5,6 Sun/shade Evergreen; red spring foliage; white
spring blooms
Crape myrtle Lagerstroemia indica 7 Sun Shrubby to tree-like; summer
blooming; many flower colors available
Lilac Syringa vulgaris 5 Sun Deciduous blooming shrub; adapted
to alkaline soil
Mock orange Philadelphus coronarius 1,5 Sun Fragrant white blooms in late spring
Oleander Nerium oleander 1,2,3,4,6 Sun Evergreen foliage; summer blooming;
many colors available
5 Possumhaw Ilex decidua 1,2,3,4 Sun Deciduous holly; red to orange berries
persist through early winter
Russian olive Eleagnus angustifolia 4,5,6 Sun/shade Gray foliage; yellow flowers; ever-
green for windbreak plantings
5 Texas mountain laurel Sophora secundiflora 2,3,6 Sun/shade Tree-like evergreen shrub; purple
spring flowers
5 Texas palmetto Sabal texana 1,2,3,6 Sun Tall, native Texas palm
5 Texas persimmon Diospyros texana 2,3,6 Sun Tree-like; light gray trunk; fruit edible
by animals
Vitex Vitex agnus-castus 7 Sun Tree-like; flowers blue or white;
summer blooming
Washington hawthorn Crataegus phaenopyrum 5 Sun Maple-shaped leaves; white flowers;
red berries
Windmill palm Trachycarpus fortunei 1,2,3,4,6 Sun Tree-like; fibrous bark
5 Yaupon holly Ilex vomitoria 7 Sun/shade Upright evergreen, spineless holly;
red to orange berries
12
13. Trees
Common name Scientific name Best adapted for Notes
Small trees (20 to 35 feet tall)
American plum Prunus americana 5 White blooms in spring; sour fruit good for jelly
Aristocrat pear Pyrus calleryana ‘Aristocrat’ 1,3,4,5,6 Spring flowers; fall color
Bradford pear Pyrus calleryana ‘Bradford’ 1,3,4,5,6 Spring flowers; fall color
5 Canaert redcedar Juniperus virginiana 7 Evergreen for specimen or windbreak
Chinese pistache Pistacia chinensis 7 Spreading canopy; fall color
Crabapple Mallus sp. 1,3,4,5,6 Spring flowering tree; many varieties
5 Desert willow Chilopsis linearis 2,3,4,5,6 Snapdragon-like flowers in summer; willow-like foliage
5 Dogwood Cornus florida 1 Graceful tree; large spring blooms of white and pink
Eldarica pine Pinus eldarica 2,3,4,6 Best pine for alkaline soils; Christmas-tree shaped
Fan d’Arc osage orange Maclura pomifera ‘Fan d’Arc’ 7 Improved fruitless selection
5 Honey mesquite Prosopis glandulosa 2,3,4,6 Lacy spreading form
Japanese black pine Pinus thunbergii 7 Rounded small tree; adapted to alkaline soils
Japanese persimmon Diospyros kaki 7 Edible showy fruit; glossy green foliage
5 Mexican plum Prunus mexicana 7 Fragrant spring flowers; attractive trunk
Nanking cherry Prunus tomentosa 5 Tough, fruiting, shrubby tree
Panicled golden raintree Koelreuteria paniculata 3,4,5,6 Showy flowers and seed pods
Pink lady euonymus Euonymus bungeanus 5 Alkaline-tolerant; deciduous; light green foliage;
showy seeds in fall
5 Redbud Cercis sp. 7 Spring blooming; excellent varieties: Oklahoma and
Forest Pansy
5 Slash pine Pinus elliottii 1 Evergreen pine
5 Soapberry Sapindus drummondii 7 Fall color
5 Texas ebony Pithecellobium flexicaule 2 Airy foliage and flowers
5 Wild olive Corida boissieri 2 White flowers and bold foliage
Large trees (above 35 feet tall)
Austrian black pine Pinus nigra 5 Adapted to wind and cold
5 Bald cypress Taxodium distichum 1,2,3,4,6 Deciduous conifer; fine-textured foliage; fall color
5 Black walnut Juglans nigra 1,5 Good tree but tends to be messy
Blue spruce Picea pungens ‘Glauca’ 5 Grayish-blue needles
5 Bur oak Quercus macrocarpa 7 Bold foliage; huge acorns
5 Cedar elm Ulmus crassifolia 7 Upright growth habit; good street tree
5 Chinquapin oak Quercus mehlenbergii 1,2,3,4,6 Round-topped tree; bold foliage
Deodar cedar Cedrus deodora 7 Bluish-green conifer
5 Hackberry Celtis occidentalis 5 Variety ‘Shademaster’ particularly recommended for
area 5
Honey locust Gleditsia triacanthos 2,3,4,5,6 Thornless varieties available
Kentucky coffee tree Gymnocladus dioica 5 Upright tree; fine-textured foliage
Lace bark elm Ulmus parvifolia 7 Textured bark; spreading shade tree
5 Live oak Quercus virginiana 1,2,3,4,6 Evergreen shade tree
5 Loblolly pine Pinus taeda 1 Evergreen pine
13
14. Trees (continued)
Common name Scientific name Best adapted for Note
5 Pecan Carya illinoensis 7 State tree of Texas; edible nuts
Ponderosa pine Pinus ponderosa 5 Bushy, attractive tree
5 Shumard oak Quercus shumardii 1,2,3,4,5 Fall color
5 Southern magnolia Magnolia grandiflora 1 Bold evergreen tree; large white blooms throughout
summer
5 Sweetgum Liquidamber styraciflua 1 Upright growth habit; fall color
5 Texas red oak Quercus texana 7 Fall color
5 Water oak Quercus nigra 1 Holds foliage well into winter
14
16. Produced by Agricultural Communications, The Texas A&M University System
Extension publications can be found on the Web at: http://texaserc.tamu.edu
Educational programs of the Texas Agricultural Extension Service are open to all people without regard to race, color, sex, disability,
religion, age or national origin.
Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension Work in Agriculture and Home Economics, Acts of Congress of May 8, 1914,
as amended, and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the United States Department of Agriculture. Chester P. Fehlis, Deputy
Director, Texas Agricultural Extension Service, The Texas A&M University System.
7.5M, Revision $4.00 per copy