- Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
Netherlands
Edgar Korteweg
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Casali Center of Applied Chemistry, Department Member
- As a publisher of science works I do independant research in the fields of relativity, quantummechanics, math, statis... moreAs a publisher of science works I do independant research in the fields of relativity, quantummechanics, math, statistics, thermodynamics, geology, chemistry and maybe in the future some more. I am, in my research, not bound/affiliated to an institute - I was related to the Hebrew university when I set up this academia account, but not any more (unfortunately) - and all my research/results are privately done (unless otherwise mentioned).
Why do I do this ? simply because I am a curious guy and thinking over some great science issues that interest me and I have some thoughts about them that I like to get out into the world.
I am mainly present in Holland and as much as I can in Israel (love it over there).
Unfortunately I am unemployed, STILL LOOKING FOR A STEADY JOB; so if you are interested in hiring me, I am open to it: this is my resumé in linkedIn: linkedin.com/in/edgar-korteweg-b704b086/edit
It was found that if an average of a measurement series are multiplied that the multiplication average to gain the exact same result has a lower value. And the bigger the standard deviation the lower the multiplication average. This paper... more
It was found that if an average of a measurement series are multiplied that the multiplication average to gain the exact same result has a lower value. And the bigger the standard deviation the lower the multiplication average. This paper is part I of the finding of the results of this mathematical research.
Research Interests:
For long it has been discussed that life emerged from simple organic chemistry. If this is so then this should be supported by the general knowledge within the field of organic chemistry. One aspect in organic chemistry we can look up on... more
For long it has been discussed that life emerged from simple organic chemistry. If this is so then this should be supported by the general knowledge within the field of organic chemistry. One aspect in organic chemistry we can look up on in this research is the yield within organic chemistry. The yield of a chemical reaction determines how much of a resulting desired component is found after a chemical reaction. We can do simple chemical calculations about them since there is by now a huge amount of knowledge with respect to this aspect of organic chemistry.
Research Interests:
Abstract: For long it has been discussed that life emerged from simple organic chemistry. If this is so then this should be supported by the general knowledge within the field of organic chemistry. One aspect in organic chemistry we can... more
Abstract:
For long it has been discussed that life emerged from simple organic chemistry. If this is so then this should be supported by the general knowledge within the field of organic chemistry. One aspect in organic chemistry we can look up on in this research is the yield within organic chemistry. The yield of a chemical reaction determines how much of a resulting desired component is found after a chemical reaction. We can do simple chemical calculations about them since there is by now a huge amount of knowledge with respect to this aspect of organic chemistry.
Keywords: organic chemistry, yields, mathematical approach of yields in OoL abiogenesis Vogels textbook of practical organic chemistry.
For long it has been discussed that life emerged from simple organic chemistry. If this is so then this should be supported by the general knowledge within the field of organic chemistry. One aspect in organic chemistry we can look up on in this research is the yield within organic chemistry. The yield of a chemical reaction determines how much of a resulting desired component is found after a chemical reaction. We can do simple chemical calculations about them since there is by now a huge amount of knowledge with respect to this aspect of organic chemistry.
Keywords: organic chemistry, yields, mathematical approach of yields in OoL abiogenesis Vogels textbook of practical organic chemistry.
Research Interests:
For knowledge to be true knowledge we need to define an airtight definition. Attempts have been made but were not airtight. So its time to lift the level up a notch. Next to a correct definition knowledge to be true knowledge requires... more
For knowledge to be true knowledge we need to define an airtight definition. Attempts have been made but were not airtight. So its time to lift the level up a notch. Next to a correct definition knowledge to be true knowledge requires repeatedly stand against testing in various ways. This paper is an other attempt as such.
Keywords: knowledge, information, assumptions, lucky guesses, Edmund Gettier, Gettier problem, testing verifying, defining, testing against definitions.
Keywords: knowledge, information, assumptions, lucky guesses, Edmund Gettier, Gettier problem, testing verifying, defining, testing against definitions.
Research Interests:
For knowledge to be knowledge we need to define a airtight definition. Attempts have been made but were not airtight. So its time to lift the level up a notch. This paper is an other attempt as such. Keywords: knowledge, information,... more
For knowledge to be knowledge we need to define a airtight definition. Attempts have been made but were not airtight. So its time to lift the level up a notch. This paper is an other attempt as such.
Keywords: knowledge, information, assumptions, lucky guesses, Edmund Gettier, Gettier problem.
Keywords: knowledge, information, assumptions, lucky guesses, Edmund Gettier, Gettier problem.
Research Interests:
It has been taught to us that numbers like e and π and 2 etc are irrational numbers and cannot be given in an equation as a ratio. Thus they are called irrrational. But why ? All the digits that we have is always an approximation of the... more
It has been taught to us that numbers like e and π and 2 etc are irrational numbers and cannot be given in an equation as a ratio. Thus they are called irrrational. But why ? All the digits that we have is always an approximation of the real value and never the real value as such due to that sae irrationality. So why is my approximation of whole numbers less valid as any other. Why is my approximation less equal that other approximations ? That makes scientifically spoken no sense and thus is irrational for ruling out ratio's. Time to go beyond this irrational thinking an get rational. Appologies; couldnt resist some word jokes.
Research Interests:
Most people in science are familiar with derivatives that is dY/dX. Any graph however also knows length; the arc length S. So far it is not known, to authors knowledge, however as to how this derivative behaves with respect to the... more
Most people in science are familiar with derivatives that is dY/dX. Any graph however also knows length; the arc length S. So far it is not known, to authors knowledge, however as to how this derivative behaves with respect to the distance such a graph travels, that is (dY/dX) / dS. This paper tries to solve that quest for information and discovery.
Research Interests:
Abstract: Most people in science are familiar with derivatives that is dY/dX of a function F(X). Any graph however also knows length; the arc length S. So far it is not known however as to how this derivative behaves with respect to... more
Abstract:
Most people in science are familiar with derivatives that is dY/dX of a function F(X). Any graph however also knows length; the arc length S. So far it is not known however as to how this derivative behaves with respect to the distance such a graph travels, that is (dY/dX) / dS. This paper tries to solve that quest for information and discovery.
Keywords: derivative, derivative per unit of length. dY/dX, dS.
The first upload misses 2 graphs my apologies (figure 1 & 2)
Most people in science are familiar with derivatives that is dY/dX of a function F(X). Any graph however also knows length; the arc length S. So far it is not known however as to how this derivative behaves with respect to the distance such a graph travels, that is (dY/dX) / dS. This paper tries to solve that quest for information and discovery.
Keywords: derivative, derivative per unit of length. dY/dX, dS.
The first upload misses 2 graphs my apologies (figure 1 & 2)
Research Interests:
In 1801 Thomas young had performed an experiment and we are still talking about it in our present days and many years after us. Some additional features have been added like an eraser option. But what is happening in this quantum eraser... more
In 1801 Thomas young had performed an experiment and we are still talking about it in our present days and many years after us. Some additional features have been added like an eraser option. But what is happening in this quantum eraser experiment is under discussion by many people. This paper is part of that. Is time and going back in time a reality ? what is locality ?
Research Interests:
Most beta scientists know what polynomials are how they behave and what to do with them. But how about polynomials with broken or fractional powers. This is a small study to what they are and how they behave. In other words what if the... more
Most beta scientists know what polynomials are how they behave and what to do with them. But how about polynomials with broken or fractional powers. This is a small study to what they are and how they behave. In other words what if the parameters p, q, r, s are not whole numbers in Y = a + bX p +cX q + dX r + eX s + .... but fractions like 0.95, 1.13, 2.25, 3.025 etc.
Research Interests:
Gravitation is mass related. Mass slows down time depending on its distance. Mass itself is 90+ % of kinetic energy of sub atomic particles. It is postulated that the amount of twisting, warping of space and time within matter must be... more
Gravitation is mass related. Mass slows down time depending on its distance. Mass itself is 90+ % of kinetic energy of sub atomic particles. It is postulated that the amount of twisting, warping of space and time within matter must be equal to the twisting and warping of space-time outside of an object. Basically saying that there is a conservation law at work for both space and time that causes the effect of gravitation. Which is confirming Noethers theorem as well.
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There is some seeming controversy about what 0/0 should be. Well in this paper it is argued that it must be 0. This was written in a previous paper. Where it was argued that the answer must be 0. Well this paper gives a final answer in... more
There is some seeming controversy about what 0/0 should be. Well in this paper it is argued that it must be 0. This was written in a previous paper. Where it was argued that the answer must be 0. Well this paper gives a final answer in that search and simply shows us why this is true.
Research Interests:
There is some seeming controversy about what 0/0 should be. Well in this paper it is argued that it must be 0.
Research Interests:
In a recent paper (1) it was argued that in order to mutate to more enhanced organisms an organism must have some mechanisms, just as the sender or mutative influences to be able to receive, implement and make mutative impacts active. The... more
In a recent paper (1) it was argued that in order to mutate to more enhanced organisms an organism must have some mechanisms, just as the sender or mutative influences to be able to receive, implement and make mutative impacts active. The conclusion was that this was not observed and thus that evolution must be part of pseudo scientifically assumptions. One can believe it as many people also actively do. But then evolution must be considered as a religion and not part of correct science. On top of that, it also should be treated in society as such and not be taught as correct science to gullible people such as children. In order to prove this statement an research was conducted parallel to that paper. Which is partially presented here. If mutations enhance organisms that this must be visible in mutations with humans. On his case study of syndromes the syndromes have been evaluated whether or not a syndrome was genetically originated or not. There are about 1400+ syndromes known (2) and how ever this is a preliminairy result, since only half of the data has been it can already be estimated that the majority of syndromes is of genetic origin. About maximum 74% is genetically originated.
Research Interests: Evolutionary Biology, Mutation (Evolutionary Biology), Evolutionary genetics, Evolution, DNA damage, and 7 moreMutations, Genetic Syndrome, Genetic variation, Genetic and Immunogenetic Analysis In Different Diseases, Syndrome, Human genetic diseases: diagnosis and mechanisms of disease, and Rare genetic syndromes
Our televisions and radio's receive signals of radio-waves. Due to that you can watch Star Trek or any other program on your TV or radio. How about DNA ? Can DNA mutate and receive information due to which it changes to DNA with more... more
Our televisions and radio's receive signals of radio-waves. Due to that you can watch Star Trek or any other program on your TV or radio. How about DNA ? Can DNA mutate and receive information due to which it changes to DNA with more information than it started off ? The answer is; no. However this is generally accepted by a large part of people.
Key words: Mutations, DNA changes, radioactivity, UV radiation, radioactive decay, signal transmitting, signal receiving, cosmic radiation, aggressive chemicals, cross overs, evolution, degeneration, noise introduction, damaging destroying DNA.
Additional note:
DNA is influenced from the outside in order to mutate. This must mean it can be approached as a sender-receiver situation in which it is suggested by the suggested process of evolution that more and/or better information is transferrred from outside of the organism to inside the DNA. But is that possible at all ? That is being discussed in this paper.
Conclusive: the answer to this is no ! No such mechanisms have even been observed in real life organisms which must mean that evolution is a non-existing suggested process. Our DNA does not function as a smartphone in which one can download apps to improve the smartphone.
Key words: Mutations, DNA changes, radioactivity, UV radiation, radioactive decay, signal transmitting, signal receiving, cosmic radiation, aggressive chemicals, cross overs, evolution, degeneration, noise introduction, damaging destroying DNA.
Additional note:
DNA is influenced from the outside in order to mutate. This must mean it can be approached as a sender-receiver situation in which it is suggested by the suggested process of evolution that more and/or better information is transferrred from outside of the organism to inside the DNA. But is that possible at all ? That is being discussed in this paper.
Conclusive: the answer to this is no ! No such mechanisms have even been observed in real life organisms which must mean that evolution is a non-existing suggested process. Our DNA does not function as a smartphone in which one can download apps to improve the smartphone.
Research Interests:
Our televisions and radio's receive signals of radio-waves. Due to that you can watch Star Trek or any other program on your TV or radio. How about DNA ? Can DNA mutate and receive information due to which it changes to DNA with more... more
Our televisions and radio's receive signals of radio-waves. Due to that you can watch Star Trek or any other program on your TV or radio. How about DNA ? Can DNA mutate and receive information due to which it changes to DNA with more information than it started off ? The answer is; no. However this is generally accepted by a large part of people.
Research Interests:
In the beginning God created heaven and earth. That's how the bible starts. Now ever since the Charles's Lyell and Darwin this has been challenged. For some years since 2004 after studying many argumentations from both points of view the... more
In the beginning God created heaven and earth. That's how the bible starts. Now ever since the Charles's Lyell and Darwin this has been challenged. For some years since 2004 after studying many argumentations from both points of view the author has been using a challenge that so far no one has been able to answer and as suggested will never will be able to answer/meet without pointing to the assumption/postulation that life as we know it, has been deliberately and divinely created.
Research Interests:
In his life time Christain Huygens my fellow country man in his time was looking at clocks to get the sailors a decent way to find their way to and fro. In doing so he was one of the, if not, the first one to observe clocks to synchronise... more
In his life time Christain Huygens my fellow country man in his time was looking at clocks to get the sailors a decent way to find their way to and fro. In doing so he was one of the, if not, the first one to observe clocks to synchronise via the hanging system they were attached on. Today we can do the same with metronomes placed on a board that is free to move. Synchronisation happens more than we know in nature. Here it is postulated that gravitation may actually be caused by the desire of nature to get wavy or oscillating things into sync with each other.
Research Interests:
In his life time Christain Huygens my fellow country man in his time was looking at clocks to get the sailors a decent way to find their way to and fro. In doing so he was one of the if not the first one to observe clocks to synchronise... more
In his life time Christain Huygens my fellow country man in his time was looking at clocks to get the sailors a decent way to find their way to and fro. In doing so he was one of the if not the first one to observe clocks to synchronise via the hanging system they were attached on. Today we can do the same with metronomes placed on a board that is free to move. Synchronisation happens more that we know in nature. Here it is postulated that gravitation may actually be caused by the desire of nature to get wavy or oscillating things into sync with each other.
Research Interests:
It is known that heavy objects change the geometry of space-time. Even more so if heavy objects rotate they drag along the space-time around such an object. Looking at entire galaxies can rotation be so strong of a collection of massive... more
It is known that heavy objects change the geometry of space-time. Even more so if heavy objects rotate they drag along the space-time around such an object. Looking at entire galaxies can rotation be so strong of a collection of massive objects (as present in a galaxy) warp space time in such a way that gravity itself is being warped in such an extent that it might even cause "dark matter" like results ?
Keywords: Space time, general relativity, rotation, dark matter, Schwartschild vs Kerr metrics, rotating galaxies.
Keywords: Space time, general relativity, rotation, dark matter, Schwartschild vs Kerr metrics, rotating galaxies.
Research Interests:
Spooky action at a distance-"spukhafte Fernwirkung"-, better known today as entanglement has by now been a verified phenomenon. It turns out that by splitting a particle in 2 the remaining particles can be entangled. By means of entangled... more
Spooky action at a distance-"spukhafte Fernwirkung"-, better known today as entanglement has by now been a verified phenomenon. It turns out that by splitting a particle in 2 the remaining particles can be entangled. By means of entangled particles the features of another particle can be transferred to the far away entangled counter particle. Such a phenomenon has also been observed but in a very different way: in a process that is being named "the collapse of a wave function". Well basically collapsing and getting entangled are exactly the same thing: the alteration of a wave function of a systems as a whole. And whether these particles are part of a bigger system (detector) or of 2 entangled particles by means of which another feature is transported the basic mechanism is exactly the same: wave function alteration due to entanglement.
Research Interests:
The more mass/energy is being piled up, the smaller the energy gradients in the quantum fluctuations in its vicinity will be. Therefore processes cannot proceed any longer. Processes due to energy gradients in the quantum fluctuations we... more
The more mass/energy is being piled up, the smaller the energy gradients in the quantum fluctuations in its vicinity will be. Therefore processes cannot proceed any longer. Processes due to energy gradients in the quantum fluctuations we perceive as time. That means the lack of energy gradients, as in black holes, leads automatically to timelessness. And whether this is achieved by mass piling up in a planet star, neutron stars black holes or by speeding up objects that doesn't make a difference. The more energy is piled up in a limited area the slower time must pass. Time therefore is nothing more than our perception of any energy gradients. Energy gradients make things happen, come in to action. Without it nothing will progress, and time stands still.
Research Interests:
The more mass/energy is being piled up, the smaller the energy gradients in its vicinity will be. Therefore processes cannot proceed any longer. Processes due to energy gradients we perceive as time. That means the lack of energy... more
The more mass/energy is being piled up, the smaller the energy gradients in its vicinity will be. Therefore processes cannot proceed any longer. Processes due to energy gradients we perceive as time. That means the lack of energy gradients, as in black holes, leads automatically to timelessness. And whether this is achieved by mass piling up in a planet star, neutron stars black holes or by speeding up objects that doesn't make a difference. The more energy is piled up the slower time must pass. Time therefore is nothing more than our perception of any energy gradients. Energy gradients make things happen come in to action. Without it nothing will progress, and time stands still.
Research Interests:
Over the centuries of people performing science, there crept in a way of thinking and doing that has little to do with science but all to do with assumptions and make believe. One small example is integrating with dX, where dX is an... more
Over the centuries of people performing science, there crept in a way of thinking and doing that has little to do with science but all to do with assumptions and make believe. One small example is integrating with dX, where dX is an infinitesimal distance. Today in modern day science, the smallest measured distance however is somewhere in the order of magnitude of 10-20 meter [1-3]. Not smaller, for now. That is the measured reality. There is the Planck length, but only on theoretical basis, it has not been measured so far. This paper discusses this reality issue with respect to present day science and the issues it may run into if science keeps assuming that nature has an infinitesimal character, while in reality it has not and nature turns out to behave lumpy or quantized.
Research Interests:
An oval or ellipse is a shape that is constructed by having 2 points and a rope/wire is put around them that is bigger than the double distance in between and a pen/pencil is "circled around" in that wire. But what happens if the number... more
An oval or ellipse is a shape that is constructed by having 2 points and a rope/wire is put around them that is bigger than the double distance in between and a pen/pencil is "circled around" in that wire. But what happens if the number of points are 3, 4, 5, 6 and so on ? What if the points are not points but shapes themselves, like circles triangles, squares or even ellipses or a combination of these. The figures that arise from that are distorted ellipses or distorted ovals. Now since they are new objects the math around them is still unknown as well as the practical applications except maybe in orbits of small objects in a solar system since gravity of planets may cause them to have similar features as these distorted ellipses
Research Interests:
There may be a very straight forward solution to cool don earth pretty rapidly. The climate seems to be out of control. We pollute out atmosphere and due to that seemingly our earth warms up too fast, due to also the sunlight that hits... more
There may be a very straight forward solution to cool don earth pretty rapidly. The climate seems to be out of control. We pollute out atmosphere and due to that seemingly our earth warms up too fast, due to also the sunlight that hits our earth. There may be a relative simple solution. Mirror it back ! literally. Put rooftop mirrors on every house/building/manmade construction. It should not be regarded as a permanent solution since the underlying problems still must be solved but it can / may serve as a temporary solution.
Research Interests:
Entanglement has puzzled people and communities for decades. It kept Einstein out of his sleep and some generations to come as well. But pondering over it, it is actually very simple and straight forward. Opposite measurements is required... more
Entanglement has puzzled people and communities for decades. It kept Einstein out of his sleep and some generations to come as well. But pondering over it, it is actually very simple and straight forward. Opposite measurements is required due to laws of conservation and faster than light speed ? why ? The particles already travelled at lower than light speeds and the only thing that happened is that the mathematical wave function connection is broken. Does a telephone call ending travel faster than the speed of light ? No ! as soon as the switch in the telephone system detaches the telephone call / the relationship is over, instantaneously same with entanglement.
Research Interests:
For Long science has investigated all kinds of ways to gain energy in a safe way from nuclear processes. Fission being the most used so far, use radioactive materials like uranium and let them split under controlled situations. Fusion... more
For Long science has investigated all kinds of ways to gain energy in a safe way from nuclear processes. Fission being the most used so far, use radioactive materials like uranium and let them split under controlled situations. Fusion tokamaks, ITER, JET. Now a new lattice confinement. But how about fission fusion.
Research Interests:
It is being said that quantum decoherence delivers on average a zero quantum result. Question is; is that really the practical case. What if quantum decoherence is quantized but to lower levels ? It seems that things as deBroglie... more
It is being said that quantum decoherence delivers on average a zero quantum result. Question is; is that really the practical case. What if quantum decoherence is quantized but to lower levels ? It seems that things as deBroglie wavelength proof us different behaviour with respect to quantum issues. Keywords: quantum mechanics, deBroglie wavelength, macroscopic objects, quantum decoherence, quantization in quantum decoherence, phonons, smell, birds flying with the seasons. Introduction:
Research Interests:
Abstract: Imagine that the next would be possible. Built a 50-100 km high (or higher) tube with a diameter of let’s say 5-10 km. Now at 50-100 km height the air pressure is way lower then on the ground surface. Of course this tube needs... more
Abstract:
Imagine that the next would be possible. Built a 50-100 km high (or higher) tube with a diameter of let’s say 5-10 km. Now at 50-100 km height the air pressure is way lower then on the ground surface. Of course this tube needs to be gastight in all directions even in the ground. Would it be possible to evacuate all the gasses from that construction so that it remains relatively gasless for longer periods of time, so that there would be no/far lower air resistance within the tube ? Technically this is of course close to impossible if not impossible at all. But it would be great to make it and do lots of vacuum experiments in it and launch rockets from there. Due to reduced air resistance of course rockets would be launched more easily. Next to this all kinds of airless-vacuum experiments can be done on realy large scale.
Keywords: atmosphere, vacuum, space, removing air resistance, large scale vacuum experiments, vacuum bridge to space.
Imagine that the next would be possible. Built a 50-100 km high (or higher) tube with a diameter of let’s say 5-10 km. Now at 50-100 km height the air pressure is way lower then on the ground surface. Of course this tube needs to be gastight in all directions even in the ground. Would it be possible to evacuate all the gasses from that construction so that it remains relatively gasless for longer periods of time, so that there would be no/far lower air resistance within the tube ? Technically this is of course close to impossible if not impossible at all. But it would be great to make it and do lots of vacuum experiments in it and launch rockets from there. Due to reduced air resistance of course rockets would be launched more easily. Next to this all kinds of airless-vacuum experiments can be done on realy large scale.
Keywords: atmosphere, vacuum, space, removing air resistance, large scale vacuum experiments, vacuum bridge to space.
Research Interests:
Abstract: One of the key experiments that blasted our science into the quantum realm is the 2 slits experiment of Thomas Young. It is one of the most simple experiments but in all its simplicity it has changed the world to how we know it... more
Abstract:
One of the key experiments that blasted our science into the quantum realm is the 2 slits experiment of Thomas Young. It is one of the most simple experiments but in all its simplicity it has changed the world to how we know it today. And this paper is stimulating to do it as well at your own home, that is the DIY part of it. Promising you a nice experimental time and maybe after many possible failures, a successful result in bringing quantum physics into the living rooms and every day levels. Promising also it is not going to be easy, but lots of fun. Now the approach is top down and not bottom up.
Keywords: 2 slits experiment, quantum mechanics, deBroglie wavelength, spraypaint, nano crystals, AgNO3, NaCl, DIY, simple experimenting.
One of the key experiments that blasted our science into the quantum realm is the 2 slits experiment of Thomas Young. It is one of the most simple experiments but in all its simplicity it has changed the world to how we know it today. And this paper is stimulating to do it as well at your own home, that is the DIY part of it. Promising you a nice experimental time and maybe after many possible failures, a successful result in bringing quantum physics into the living rooms and every day levels. Promising also it is not going to be easy, but lots of fun. Now the approach is top down and not bottom up.
Keywords: 2 slits experiment, quantum mechanics, deBroglie wavelength, spraypaint, nano crystals, AgNO3, NaCl, DIY, simple experimenting.
Research Interests:
Matter consists of particles, many particles. For these particles quantum mechanical principles are valid in various ways. One of these principles is Heisenbergs uncertainty principle. If the energy of a particle is known with pretty... more
Matter consists of particles, many particles. For these particles quantum mechanical principles are valid in various ways. One of these principles is Heisenbergs uncertainty principle. If the energy of a particle is known with pretty great accuracy, then the time-span is pretty blurry and visa versa. If a position is pretty accurately determined then its speed or impuls is pretty unknown and visa versa. However with macroscopic objects many waves are added and adding waves leads to lesser and lesser uncertainty in for example the energy/mass amount. But that may mean the uncertainty in time-spans, ∆T, is increasing. Time moves slower closer to a big mass. On the other hand the further removed from such a collection of particles (big/macroscopic objects) the more uncertainty of its energy/mass and hence less inaccuracy in time-span durations, time moves faster at greater distances from massive objects. This raises the question; is Heisenbergs uncertainty the direct consequence of gravity itself ? Can we say space time is not stretched but more blurred, being more spread out. There may be a side effect which we know as dark energy. Since more and more mass/energy is being sucked in into black holes, thus less uncertainty in energy/mass, this has the consequence of ∆T and ∆X must grow; in short space time itself must expand.
Research Interests:
Matter consists of particles, many particles. For these particles quantum mechanical principles are valid in various ways. One of these principles is Heisenbergs uncertainty principle. If the energy of a particle is known with pretty... more
Matter consists of particles, many particles. For these particles quantum mechanical principles are valid in various ways. One of these principles is Heisenbergs uncertainty principle. If the energy of a particle is known with pretty great accuracy, then the time-span is pretty blurry and visa versa. If a position is pretty accurately determined then its speed or impuls is pretty unknown and visa versa. However with macroscopic objects many waves are added and adding waves leads to lesser and lesser uncertainty in for example the energy/mass amount. But that may mean the uncertainty in time-spans, ∆T, is increasing. Time moves slower closer to a big mass. On the other hand the further removed from such a collection of particles (big/macroscopic objects) the more uncertainty of its energy/mass and hence less inaccuracy in time-span durations, time moves faster at greater distances from massive objects. This raises the question; is Heisenbergs uncertainty the direct consequence of gravity itself ?
Research Interests:
Matter consists of particles, many particles. For these particles quantum mechanical principles are valid in various ways. One of these principles is Heisenbergs uncertainty principle. If the energy of a particle is known with pretty... more
Matter consists of particles, many particles. For these particles quantum mechanical principles are valid in various ways. One of these principles is Heisenbergs uncertainty principle. If the energy of a particle is known with pretty great accuracy, then the time-span is pretty blurry and visa versa. If a position is pretty accurately determined then its speed or impuls is pretty unknown and visa versa. However with macroscopic objects many waves are added and adding waves leads to lesser and lesser uncertainty in for example the energy/mass amount. But that may mean the uncertainty in time-spans, ∆T, is increasing. Time moves slower closer to a big mass. On the other hand the further removed from such a collection of particles (big/macroscopic objects) the more uncertainty of its energy/mass and hence less inaccuracy in time-span durations, time moves faster at greater distances from massive objects. This raises the question; is Heisenbergs uncertainty the direct consequence of gravity itself ?
Keywords: Heisenbergs uncertainty principle, gravity, time, energy, quantum mechanics impuls-speed, position, S.T.E.A.M.
Keywords: Heisenbergs uncertainty principle, gravity, time, energy, quantum mechanics impuls-speed, position, S.T.E.A.M.
Research Interests:
All scientists are very much known with statistics and that is a great thing. But statistics can also work against science as also is known when statistics is used in a wrong way. There is however also a way in which statistics can work... more
All scientists are very much known with statistics and that is a great thing. But statistics can also work against science as also is known when statistics is used in a wrong way. There is however also a way in which statistics can work against reality in a less known way. To that, this paper is conveying the message that a mathematical correct probability does not necessarily equals measurable reality. What is the probability that 1.000.000.000 coins all land heads up ? That is fairly easy to calculate if we have a perfect 50/50 coin. That chance is (1/2)^1.000.000.000 which is a slim chance. The mathematical probability is real ! No argue about that. But how real/realistic is the actual happening that 1 billion coins will observably all land heads up ?. Is physical reality the same as mathematical probability ? Does math always line up with reality ? and do we scientists dare to be honest about that in all cases ?
keywords: probability, statistics, reality, mathematics, measurements, quantum mechanics, 5S, 6S, outliers, natures lumpyness, π, e, √2, mathematical, coins, scientific truth/honesty, amino acids, proteins, life.
keywords: probability, statistics, reality, mathematics, measurements, quantum mechanics, 5S, 6S, outliers, natures lumpyness, π, e, √2, mathematical, coins, scientific truth/honesty, amino acids, proteins, life.
Research Interests:
In science π is known to be an endless stream of numbers/digits. A question raised and that is how many prime numbers (2,3,5,7,11,13 etc) could successively be found in the digits of π or in e or root 2 etc ? It is known that π and the... more
In science π is known to be an endless stream of numbers/digits. A question raised and that is how many prime numbers (2,3,5,7,11,13 etc) could successively be found in the digits of π or in e or root 2 etc ? It is known that π and the other numbers have infinite number of digits, that implies that all number combinations should occur in it, at least once. Now since prime numbers have unique combinations of numbers in them, also they must all appear, and that into infinity. That is the basic question. Now there is a saying which says that a "fool" can ask more questions than a wise man could answer. So let's start asking this question and see how far we get.
Research Interests:
Over the centuries of people performing science, there crept in a way of thinking and doing that has little to do with science but all to do with assumptions and make believe. One small example is integrating with dX, where dX is an... more
Over the centuries of people performing science, there crept in a way of thinking and doing that has little to do with science but all to do with assumptions and make believe. One small example is integrating with dX, where dX is an infinitesimal distance. Today in modern day science, the smallest measured distance however is somewhere in the order of magnitude of 10-20 meter [1-3]. Not smaller, for now. That is the measured reality. There is the Planck length, but only on theoretical basis, it has not been measured so far. This paper discusses this reality issue with respect to present day science and the issues it may run into if science keeps assuming that nature has an infinitesimal character, while in reality it has not and nature turns out to behave lumpy or quantized.
Keywords: Measurements, observations, assumptions, theories, reality, quantized nature, mathematics, integration differentiations.
Keywords: Measurements, observations, assumptions, theories, reality, quantized nature, mathematics, integration differentiations.
Research Interests:
Many people, including very smart scientist people, have accepted that life emerged and developed from chemicals via a hypothetical process known as abiogenesis and later on evolution. Here it is shown, purely mathematically with respect... more
Many people, including very smart scientist people, have accepted that life emerged and developed from chemicals via a hypothetical process known as abiogenesis and later on evolution. Here it is shown, purely mathematically with respect to the supposed formation of proteins (polypeptides or enzymes), that this is simply impossible. The simplest reason to that is due to the overwhelming amount of options nature has to choose from, in combination with a far too slow chemical reaction time which result in a simple lack of time caused by the randomness of natural processes. Creating amino acids is not the problem as is proven by Urey Miller type like experiments [3,4], it is the supposed processes after that, in which randomness is the greatest hindrance. Even when chemical reactions are speeded up to impossible speeds, the simple lack of time remains, dramatically.
Keywords: abiogenesis, amino acids, Urey Miller experiments, life, age of the universe, chemical reaction times, catalysis, random processes, randomness, intelligence
Keywords: abiogenesis, amino acids, Urey Miller experiments, life, age of the universe, chemical reaction times, catalysis, random processes, randomness, intelligence
Spooky action at a distance – “spukhafte Fernwirkung” -, better known today as entanglement has by now been a verified phenomenon. It turns out that by splitting a particle in 2 the remaining particles can be entangled. By means of... more
Spooky action at a distance – “spukhafte Fernwirkung” -, better known today as entanglement has by now been a verified phenomenon. It turns out that by splitting a particle in 2 the remaining particles can be entangled. By means of entangled particles the features of another particle can be transferred to the far away entangled counter particle. Such a phenomenon has also been observed but in a very different way: in a process that is being named “the collapse of a wave function”. Well basically collapsing and getting entangled are exactly the same thing: the alteration of a wave function of a systems as a whole. And whether these particles are part of a bigger system (detector) or of 2 entangled particles by means of which another feature is transported the basic mechanism is exactly the same: wave function alteration due to entanglement.
Keywords: quantum mechanics, entanglement, wave functions, wave function collapsing, mathematical description of an object
Keywords: quantum mechanics, entanglement, wave functions, wave function collapsing, mathematical description of an object
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Ever since my fellow country man Hendrik Casimir (1) has theorized the effect that carries his name has been verified we know that virtual particles are real. But there is more: Since less particles pop into and out of existence between 2... more
Ever since my fellow country man Hendrik Casimir (1) has theorized the effect that carries his name has been verified we know that virtual particles are real. But there is more: Since less particles pop into and out of existence between 2 conducting plates this must also lead to a reduced mass of a closed system compared to plates, in that same closed system, that are far away from each other or plates stuck together. It may be tiny but is should be measurable.
Recently a paper was published [1] pertaining to generating a gravitational field by accelerating up charged particles. Accomplishing this technically requires stored energy to be transformed into potential energy accelerating the charged... more
Recently a paper was published [1] pertaining to generating a gravitational field by accelerating up charged particles. Accomplishing this technically requires stored energy to be transformed into potential energy accelerating the charged particles so that a gravitational field can be generated and to merge with other accelerated particles. Basically, it comes down to the transportation of gravitational energy and the transport of stretched space-time from one system, the energy storage "container" to the other system; the accelerated particles. This shows that stretched space-time-which results in gravity-is nothing more than a form of energy which can simply be transported over larger distances, simply by accelerating the particles to near the velocity of light.
Life as we know it is unique. Life has only been observed in this entire universe on our own home planet earth. There is a big question roaming around in the science world to find life elsewhere in the universe, but will we find it ?... more
Life as we know it is unique. Life has only been observed in this entire universe on our own home planet earth. There is a big question roaming around in the science world to find life elsewhere in the universe, but will we find it ? literally billions of dollars, Euro's, Yen's and other currencies are being spend, or wasted, with this subject. Has life developed in the rest of the universe. This paper tries to show that it is impossible for life to come to be by itself spontaneously. Then the question remains; how did we get here ?
Abstract: In 2012 it was stated, by author (1), that there is a 4th law of thermodynamics. In general it says: random energy input to system will lead to destruction or be neutral at best; Random energy input with intelligence or an... more
Abstract:
In 2012 it was stated, by author (1), that there is a 4th law of thermodynamics. In general it says: random energy input to system will lead to destruction or be neutral at best; Random energy input with intelligence or an intelligent object will be constructive, neutral or destructive. In a formula: Ei-Ii ϵ {-1,0} Λ Ei+Ii {-1,0,+1}.
Keywords: Energy input, randomness, systems, neutral effects, destruction construction, intelligence, design, thermodynamics, thermodynamic law.
In 2012 it was stated, by author (1), that there is a 4th law of thermodynamics. In general it says: random energy input to system will lead to destruction or be neutral at best; Random energy input with intelligence or an intelligent object will be constructive, neutral or destructive. In a formula: Ei-Ii ϵ {-1,0} Λ Ei+Ii {-1,0,+1}.
Keywords: Energy input, randomness, systems, neutral effects, destruction construction, intelligence, design, thermodynamics, thermodynamic law.
Abstract: The principle is simple; extreme heavy black holes may be capable, to generate such compressive forces in the swirling around material from their neighborhood that it compresses material into neutron stars and more black holes.... more
Abstract: The principle is simple; extreme heavy black holes may be capable, to generate such compressive forces in the swirling around material from their neighborhood that it compresses material into neutron stars and more black holes. Also it may be that they can no more than create neutron stars that themselves due to the strong gravitational pull grow to black holes while being sucked in to the massive black hole. These tiny neutron stars and black holes may be under certain circumstances be flung into space and form rogue heavy massive objects at high speeds. The process may be rare, and due to the very strong forces may hardly go noticed since these objects most probably are sucked into the massive black hole, never to be observed, but only once in a while such an object may be flung into space with extreme high velocities.
Key words: Massive black holes, extreme gravitation, miniature neutron stars, miniature black holes, accretion disk.
Key words: Massive black holes, extreme gravitation, miniature neutron stars, miniature black holes, accretion disk.
In a recent paper it was suggested that when a particle passes thru one of the slits after it has been observed and thus ends up in either 2 positions, is regarded merely an interaction of that particle with a macroscopic object... more
In a recent paper it was suggested that when a particle passes thru one of the slits after it has been observed and thus ends up in either 2 positions, is regarded merely an interaction of that particle with a macroscopic object (detector). In being observed it thus interacts with an object with a far smaller wave length. In this interaction the small particles wave function gets sort of entangled with the observing instrument and therefor is forced to changes its wave function. This leads to a wave function with a far more smaller wavelength. Now that results in a simple 2 spot pattern on the screen as we all know from experiments. Now experiments can also show us what happens on a deeper level.
Research Interests:
Abstract: Spooky action at a distance – “spukhafte Fernwirkung” -, better known today as entanglement has by now been a verified phenomenon. It turns out that by splitting a particle in 2 the remaining particles can be entangled. By means... more
Abstract:
Spooky action at a distance – “spukhafte Fernwirkung” -, better known today as entanglement has by now been a verified phenomenon. It turns out that by splitting a particle in 2 the remaining particles can be entangled. By means of entangled particles the features of another particle can be transferred to the far away entangled counter particle. It seemingly happens at greater than light speeds if we at all can speak of speed. These phenomenon forces us to think in different ways with regard to matter, particles, wave functions and information and all that is built from it. It forces us to think in terms of pure mathematical entities and information.
Spooky action at a distance – “spukhafte Fernwirkung” -, better known today as entanglement has by now been a verified phenomenon. It turns out that by splitting a particle in 2 the remaining particles can be entangled. By means of entangled particles the features of another particle can be transferred to the far away entangled counter particle. It seemingly happens at greater than light speeds if we at all can speak of speed. These phenomenon forces us to think in different ways with regard to matter, particles, wave functions and information and all that is built from it. It forces us to think in terms of pure mathematical entities and information.
Research Interests:
For long it has been stated that 2 whole numbers or integers a and b in a division a/b, with b is non zero, cannot be an irrational number like √2 or π or any other irrational number. But is this so ?. How are irrational numbers... more
For long it has been stated that 2 whole numbers or integers a and b in a division a/b, with b is non zero, cannot be an irrational number like √2 or π or any other irrational number. But is this so ?. How are irrational numbers calculated ? Simply spoken; by means of an approach or approximation. Then the question rises; what is wrong with approaching an irrational number by means of a division of 2 whole numbers. For that matter an approach remains an approach, no matter in what way the approach is achieved. Agreed, the whole numbers will be big, no doubt about that, but does that matter ? This paper shows us that size doesn't matter anymore in our modern computerized world. It is shown that with simple excel sheet calculations an approach of √2 and π can be fairly and easily done to an accuracy level of atom or nucleus size (10^-14 m) level with respect to using a unit of 1 meter. With more advanced programs the sky is the limit in using a/b = irrational. The other issue encompasses the meaning of approaching. Is it useful, except for mathematical curiosity, to know a certain irrational number beyond a practical accuracy ? Beyond +/-10^-25 meters there is thus far no practical use for knowing irrational numbers in so much detail, for accuracies smaller than 10^-35 meters there is not even a physical meaning anymore. So finding more decimals is only for mathematical curiosity, testing computer abilities and security coding kind of interest.
Research Interests:
As discussed in the conservation law of Space, Time. Energy and Matter, it was found that there seems to be a very strict conservation law in action, governed by the gamma factor. Increasing speed, and thus energy and mass, seems to go at... more
As discussed in the conservation law of Space, Time. Energy and Matter, it was found that there seems to be a very strict conservation law in action, governed by the gamma factor. Increasing speed, and thus energy and mass, seems to go at the cost of 1 space dimension, in the direction of movement and of the proceeding of time (observed by a non-moving observer). This has led to the conclusion that there may be a conservation law in action. Exactly the same appears to happening with mass and thus energy that distorts space and time due to which space-time is deformed. Also there the gamma factor appears units wise speaking. The deformation of space-time appears in such a way that gravitation appears. Following this reasoning this leads to the question whether this conservation law might be the very source of gravitation itself. Basically it is the conservation law upside down and possibly be the very origin/cause of gravity itself.
Research Interests:
Looking at moving objects, this paper tries to make it clear that space, time, mass and energy are conserved and act as if it is all the same. That space and time are also a form of energy. On speeding p or under gravitational situations,... more
Looking at moving objects, this paper tries to make it clear that space, time, mass and energy are conserved and act as if it is all the same. That space and time are also a form of energy. On speeding p or under gravitational situations, space and time " lose " some contribution. The overall factor is the gamma factor; while mass and energy gain, this happens at the cost of space and time, so it seems. This implies the idea that space time, matter and energy are in a linked bond with each other, in such a way that they are mutually conserved. The same is also observed in gravity. Also the Casimir effect directly shows this space, time, energy, mass conservation principle. This calls for a conservation law.
Matter consists of particles, many particles. For these particles quantum mechanical principles are valid in various ways. One of these principles is Heisenbergs uncertainty principle. If the energy of a particle is known with pretty... more
Matter consists of particles, many particles. For these particles quantum mechanical principles are valid in various ways. One of these principles is Heisenbergs uncertainty principle. If the energy of a particle is known with pretty great accuracy, then the time-span is pretty blurry and visa versa. If a position is pretty accurately determined then its speed or impuls is pretty unknown and visa versa. However with macroscopic objects many waves are added and adding waves leads to lesser and lesser uncertainty in for example the energy/mass amount. But that may mean the uncertainty in time-spans, ∆T, is increasing. Time moves slower closer to a big mass. On the other hand the further removed from such a collection of particles (big/macroscopic objects) the more uncertainty of its energy/mass and hence less inaccuracy in time-span durations, time moves faster at greater distances from massive objects. This raises the question; is Heisenbergs uncertainty the direct consequence of gravity itself ? Can we say space time is not stretched but more blurred, being more spread out. There may be a side effect which we know as dark energy. Since more and more mass/energy is being sucked in into black holes, thus less uncertainty in energy/mass, this has the consequence of ∆T and ∆X must grow; in short space time itself must expand.
Research Interests:
In 1974 Steven Hawking published his works on what we know as Hawking radiation. The question is, is that theoretical process realistic and thus valid. This paper shows that it is not a valid process. The simple reason for it is that it... more
In 1974 Steven Hawking published his works on what we know as Hawking radiation. The question is, is that theoretical process realistic and thus valid. This paper shows that it is not a valid process. The simple reason for it is that it is not the black hole delivers the energy but space-time does. The quantum fluctuations are not from within the event horizon.
Abstract: Life as we know it is unique. Life has only been observed in this entire universe on our own home planet earth. There is a big question roaming around in the science world to find life elsewhere in the universe, but will we find... more
Abstract:
Life as we know it is unique. Life has only been observed in this entire universe on our own home planet earth. There is a big question roaming around in the science world to find life elsewhere in the universe, but will we find it ? literally billions of dollars, Euro’s, Yen’s and other currencies are being spend, or wasted, with this subject. Has life developed in the rest of the universe. This paper tries to show that it is impossible for life to come to be by itself spontaneously. Then the question remains; how did we get here ?
Keywords: Chemical elements, abiogenesis, evolution, the life spark, spirit, intelligence, the 4th law of thermodynamics.
Life as we know it is unique. Life has only been observed in this entire universe on our own home planet earth. There is a big question roaming around in the science world to find life elsewhere in the universe, but will we find it ? literally billions of dollars, Euro’s, Yen’s and other currencies are being spend, or wasted, with this subject. Has life developed in the rest of the universe. This paper tries to show that it is impossible for life to come to be by itself spontaneously. Then the question remains; how did we get here ?
Keywords: Chemical elements, abiogenesis, evolution, the life spark, spirit, intelligence, the 4th law of thermodynamics.
Abstract: We know that energy is conserved Ebefore = Eafter. But that must automatically lead to the conclusion that also Space, Time And Mass are mutually conserved due to their relationship with Energy. Hence the Space, Time, Energy And... more
Abstract:
We know that energy is conserved Ebefore = Eafter. But that must automatically lead to the conclusion that also Space, Time And Mass are mutually conserved due to their relationship with Energy. Hence the Space, Time, Energy And Mass - S.T.E.A.M. – conservation law. We also know that charge, quantum color charge, quantum flavour is conserved and all are representing a different force. This leads to the conclusion that (fundamental and non fundamental) forces are associated with conservation laws, back and forth. That leads also to the conclusion that gravity is hold to obey such a principle and hence gravitation hold its working principle in this. Also quantum mechanically this holds true as is shown with the Casimir force.
Keywords: Space, Time, Energy And Mass-STEAM, conservation laws, fundamental forces, non-fundamental forces, gravity, quantum mechanics, virtual particles, Casimir force.
We know that energy is conserved Ebefore = Eafter. But that must automatically lead to the conclusion that also Space, Time And Mass are mutually conserved due to their relationship with Energy. Hence the Space, Time, Energy And Mass - S.T.E.A.M. – conservation law. We also know that charge, quantum color charge, quantum flavour is conserved and all are representing a different force. This leads to the conclusion that (fundamental and non fundamental) forces are associated with conservation laws, back and forth. That leads also to the conclusion that gravity is hold to obey such a principle and hence gravitation hold its working principle in this. Also quantum mechanically this holds true as is shown with the Casimir force.
Keywords: Space, Time, Energy And Mass-STEAM, conservation laws, fundamental forces, non-fundamental forces, gravity, quantum mechanics, virtual particles, Casimir force.
The postulation of the theory that gravitation is nothing more than the adding up of wave function of material particles of course requires a mathematical backup. That is pictured here. As slightly position shifted wave functions are... more
The postulation of the theory that gravitation is nothing more than the adding up of wave function of material particles of course requires a mathematical backup. That is pictured here. As slightly position shifted wave functions are added up a nice Einsteinian gravitation well arises. As indicated gravity is nothing more than the stretching of space-time on the outskirts of a wave function and due to the concentrating of space-time waviness into a particle. Just like a rubber band that is locally strongly bent (into a strong wavy section) than that goes at the cost of the amount of rubber band further away from the wavy part and thus stretches the rubber band in the far ends of it. For that same reason that space, time, energy and mass are conserved, this is a direct consequence of this principle. If mass/energy is gathered to a local region than that goes at the cost of space-time, via the gamma factor, in the adjacent and further away regions, this is gravity and dark matter. That goes for high speeds as well as high amounts of mass. Here it is graphically pictured how that mathematically functions.
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Since big bodies exert a great gravitation and smaller bodies smaller gravitation, there must be a long sought relationship with the bodies number of particles/wave functions which we know as atoms. Logic dictates that this must be found... more
Since big bodies exert a great gravitation and smaller bodies smaller gravitation, there must be a long sought relationship with the bodies number of particles/wave functions which we know as atoms. Logic dictates that this must be found in the great numbers of them. Each individual particle / wave function must have some contribution to a bend space-time. In order to get a feeling of what numbers and effects we deal with, this subject is here portrayed and excavated to find an entrance into solving this old mystery. There must be some kind of mathematical relationship between the number of particles and the strength of the gravitational field. Estimations based on the earth's mass and the number of particles from the earth's composition gives us a number of about 5,1793*10 51 particles, electrons, protons and neutrons or simpler said 3,5975*10 51 proton/electron combinations. All these particles bring about little less than 9,81 m/s 2 on the earth's surface. That means that the individual effect of 1 particle on the gravitational field is minute, but non-zero none the less.
Research Interests:
The universe can best be described as a spring on high tension. This results in basically 2 phenomena which are known to science. The first is the very existence of particles in all kinds of flavours and time. The second is the... more
The universe can best be described as a spring on high tension. This results in basically 2 phenomena which are known to science. The first is the very existence of particles in all kinds of flavours and time. The second is the accelerated expansion of the universe which led to the acceptation of what is called dark energy. Basically spoken the tension in the universal spring crystallizes inwards into particles, time and evaporates the universe from the edge outwards.
Key words: Cosmology, wave functions, particles, wave functions, accelerated expanding universe.
Key words: Cosmology, wave functions, particles, wave functions, accelerated expanding universe.
Abstract: Gravitation and " dark matter " is basically a very simple consequence of the waviness of particles. Now what we see happening at a tsunami can best picture, in spite of how horrible these types of events really are, what... more
Abstract: Gravitation and " dark matter " is basically a very simple consequence of the waviness of particles. Now what we see happening at a tsunami can best picture, in spite of how horrible these types of events really are, what happens when space-times curves in a wavy manner. In a tsunami the water recedes. And this receding effect is both gravity on short distances and is the gravity effect of " dark matter " at very long distances. Now the fact that the effects on both space and on time is very small makes that gravitation is weak and that the effect of dark matter goes hardly noticed on relative small scales-that is solar system scales. The fact is we concentrate, in regard to quantum effects of particles, only on the short distance effects but forget the long and very long distance effects. More and more we are learning that a particle is not a local entity but is more spread out over space time then we realize. These long range effects is what we know and experience as gravity and " dark matter " both have the same origin and both have the same type of effect; gravity, short and long range.