Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Over the course of their development, humans show an amazing capacity for adaptation. Resilience refers to patterns of positive adaptation in the context of past or present adversity, which is one class of adaptive phenomena observed in... more
Over the course of their development, humans show an amazing capacity for adaptation. Resilience refers to patterns of positive adaptation in the context of past or present adversity, which is one class of adaptive phenomena observed in human lives. Resilience is explicitly inferential, in that two conditions are required to describe resilience in an individual’s life: (a) that significant adversity
Research Interests:
Underage alcohol use can be viewed as a developmental phenomenon because many kinds of developmental changes and expectations appear to influence this behavior and also because it has consequences for development. Data on alcohol use,... more
Underage alcohol use can be viewed as a developmental phenomenon because many kinds of developmental changes and expectations appear to influence this behavior and also because it has consequences for development. Data on alcohol use, abuse, and dependence show clear age-related patterns. Moreover, many of the effects that alcohol use has on the drinker, in both the short and long term, depend on the developmental timing of alcohol use or exposure. Finally, many developmental connections have been observed in the risk and protective factors that predict the likelihood of problem alcohol use in young people. Therefore, efforts to understand and address underage drinking would benefit from a developmental perspective, and the general principles of developmental psychopathology offer a useful conceptual framework for research and prevention concerned with underage drinking.
Research Interests:
In this paper, inspired by the plenary panel at the 2013 meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Dr. Steven Southwick (chair) and multidisciplinary panelists Drs. George Bonanno, Ann Masten, Catherine... more
In this paper, inspired by the plenary panel at the 2013 meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Dr. Steven Southwick (chair) and multidisciplinary panelists Drs. George Bonanno, Ann Masten, Catherine Panter-Brick, and Rachel Yehuda tackle some of the most pressing current questions in the field of resilience research including: (1) how do we define resilience, (2) what are the most important determinants of resilience, (3) how are new technologies informing the science of resilience, and (4) what are the most effective ways to enhance resilience? These multidisciplinary experts provide insight into these difficult questions, and although each of the panelists had a slightly different definition of resilience, most of the proposed definitions included a concept of healthy, adaptive, or integrated positive functioning over the passage of time in the aftermath of adversity. The panelists agreed that resilience is a complex construct and it may be defined dif...
... 1992). Key Concepts During the first generation of research on resilience indevelopment, these phenomena were studied in a variety of different contexts throughout the world (Glantz & Johnson, 1999; Masten et al., 1990). A ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The objective of this study was to identify the magnitude and consequences of and potential risk factors for fall-related injuries among agricultural operation households. Demographic, injury, and exposure data were collected through 1999... more
The objective of this study was to identify the magnitude and consequences of and potential risk factors for fall-related injuries among agricultural operation households. Demographic, injury, and exposure data were collected through 1999 from 3765 households in a five-state region. A causal model facilitated survey design, data analyses, and interpretation of results; directed acyclic graphs guided multivariate modeling. The 16,538 participants experienced 766 fall-related injury events (48.3 per 1000 persons). Consequences included lost agricultural and other work time. Increased risks involved residence in states other than Minnesota, male gender, and injury history. Decreased risks were among those less than 35 years of age and those who worked 40 hours or less per week. Fall-related injury is a major problem for the agricultural population. This effort serves as a basis for further in-depth research.
Research Interests:
The purpose of this study was to examine the acculturation, psychological well-being, and school adjustment of Pontian adolescents from the former Soviet Union (FSU-Pontians), who are immigrants of the diaspora living in Greece, compared... more
The purpose of this study was to examine the acculturation, psychological well-being, and school adjustment of Pontian adolescents from the former Soviet Union (FSU-Pontians), who are immigrants of the diaspora living in Greece, compared with an immigrant group from Albania and native Greek classmates. The sample included 165 FSU-Pontian immigrants, 272 immigrants from Albania, and their 525 Greek classmates (mean age = 13.7 years). School adjustment data were obtained using multiple methods and informants. Students also reported their subjective well-being and acculturation via multiple measures. Findings indicated that FSU-Pontian adolescents, although they are Greek citizens, had a stronger ethnic and a lower host-national orientation than did Albanian students. Both immigrant groups experienced similar difficulties in school adjustment. Involvement in Greek culture was a salient predictor of school adjustment, while involvement in one's ethnic culture was related to subjective well-being. Findings suggest that the acculturation expectations of host country members may be related to immigrants' acculturation orientations.
Research Interests: Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Cognitive Science, Social Psychology, Social Sciences, and 21 moreDevelopmental Psychopathology, Quality of life, Acculturation, Adolescent, Minority Rights, Psychological Well Being, Albania, Greece, Schools, Minorities, Students, Humans, Female, Male, former Soviet Union, USSR, Social Adjustment, European Social Fund, Subjective Well Being, Urban Population, and Resilence
Research Interests:
The purpose of this study was to examine the association of immigrant status to adversity and adjustment. Two samples of 12- to 15-year-old public school students in the Athens area were studied: a sample of first generation Albanian and... more
The purpose of this study was to examine the association of immigrant status to adversity and adjustment. Two samples of 12- to 15-year-old public school students in the Athens area were studied: a sample of first generation Albanian and Native Greek students attending two public schools (N = 325), and a sample of first-generation Pontian immigrants (of Greek heritage) and Native Greek
Research Interests:
Abstract 1. Presents a revised version of the class play (RCP) method of peer assessment for children, which was designed to improve the assessment of social competence as well as the psychometric properties of the class play method. The... more
Abstract 1. Presents a revised version of the class play (RCP) method of peer assessment for children, which was designed to improve the assessment of social competence as well as the psychometric properties of the class play method. The RCP consists of 30 roles, 15 ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Psychology, Cognitive Science, Poverty, Resilience, English language, and 19 moreHomelessness, Risk, Adolescent, Development, Schools, Students, Humans, Child, Academic achievement, Social Environment, Risk factors, Longitudinal Studies, Homeless students, Growth curves, Educational Status, Urban Population, Risk Factors, English Language, and Homeless Persons
Abstract This article reviews the research on resilience in order to delineate its significance and potential for understanding normal development. Resilience refers to the process of, capacity for, or outcome of successful adaptation... more
Abstract This article reviews the research on resilience in order to delineate its significance and potential for understanding normal development. Resilience refers to the process of, capacity for, or outcome of successful adaptation despite challenging or threatening ...
Research Interests:
Competent outcomes in late adolescence were examined in relation to adversity over time, antecedent competence and psychosocial resources, in order to investigate the phenomenon of resilience. An urban community sample of 205 (114... more
Competent outcomes in late adolescence were examined in relation to adversity over time, antecedent competence and psychosocial resources, in order to investigate the phenomenon of resilience. An urban community sample of 205 (114 females, 90 males; 27% minority) children were recruited in elementary school and followed over 10 years. Multiple methods and informants were utilized to assess three major domains of competence from childhood through adolescence (academic achievement, conduct, and peer social competence), multiple aspects of adversity, and major psychosocial resources. Both variable-centered and person-centered analyses were conducted to test the hypothesized significance of resources for resilience. Better intellectual functioning and parenting resources were associated with good outcomes across competence domains, even in the context of severe, chronic adversity. IQ and parenting appeared to have a specific protective role with respect to antisocial behavior. Resilient adolescents (high adversity, adequate competence across three domains) had much in common with their low-adversity competent peers, including average or better IQ, parenting, and psychological well-being. Resilient individuals differed markedly from their high adversity, maladaptive peers who had few resources and high negative emotionality. Results suggest that IQ and parenting scores are markers of fundamental adaptational systems that protect child development in the context of severe adversity.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
This investigation examines the predictive significance of peer reputation in elementary school for the quality of adaptation in adolescence. A normative sample (N = 207) of third to sixth graders was administered the Revised Class Play... more
This investigation examines the predictive significance of peer reputation in elementary school for the quality of adaptation in adolescence. A normative sample (N = 207) of third to sixth graders was administered the Revised Class Play (RCP). Each received 3 scores (Sociability-Leadership, Aggression-Disruption, and Sensitivity-Isolation). 7 years later, 88% of these children and their parents participated in a questionnaire follow-up study utilizing a broad range of adolescent outcome measures (e.g., social and athletic competence, academic performance, behavioral symptoms, well-being). The 3 RCP scores were significantly related to both adolescent competence and psychopathology, supporting the predictive validity of the RCP as well as the continuity of general adaptation. Each dimension of peer reputation had a different pattern of prediction depending on the outcome criteria under consideration, suggesting the importance of a multidimensional approach to peer reputation. Positive peer reputation proved to be an important predictor of later adjustment. Sex differences were examined; results suggested somewhat different patterns of prediction for boys and girls, especially for the sensitive-isolated dimension.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
... Nevertheless, we believe that examining the concurrent correlates of young adult civic engagement ... competence refers in this age period to cumulative lifetime academic attainment, the ... indicates the quality of the... more
... Nevertheless, we believe that examining the concurrent correlates of young adult civic engagement ... competence refers in this age period to cumulative lifetime academic attainment, the ... indicates the quality of the participant's close friendships (eg, satisfaction, emotional support ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
... Although human resilience research emphasizes the adaptive well-being of particular individuals, there are striking parallels in resilience theory across the developmental and ecological sciences. ...Resilience theory in human... more
... Although human resilience research emphasizes the adaptive well-being of particular individuals, there are striking parallels in resilience theory across the developmental and ecological sciences. ...Resilience theory in human developmental science compared to ecology ...