... Secondly, reports have suggested that many young men in the Philippines en-gage in premarital ... These were age, family wealth, education, being single, and discussion networks. ... AIDS with three or more different types of people... more
... Secondly, reports have suggested that many young men in the Philippines en-gage in premarital ... These were age, family wealth, education, being single, and discussion networks. ... AIDS with three or more different types of people (such as friends, partners, parents, or teachers ...
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Given downward trends in fertility and mortality, population dynamics-and thus the estimation of spatially-explicit population dynamics and gridded population and derivative products-are increasingly sensitive to mobility processes and... more
Given downward trends in fertility and mortality, population dynamics-and thus the estimation of spatially-explicit population dynamics and gridded population and derivative products-are increasingly sensitive to mobility processes and their changes in spatiality. In this paper, we present a procedure to produce origin-destination intermunicipal/intercounty and interstate migration matrices, briefly discussing their use and application in gridded population products. To illustrate our approach, we produce total and sex-specific matrices with information from the 2000 and 2010 Mexican Census long-form 10% surveys. We share the code required to reproduce the extraction of these and for potentially at least another 122 country-periods based on harmonized publicly-available data from IPUMS International, which allow for the addition of ancillary social and economic data and individual and household levels, or IPUMS Terra, which further allow for GIS-based mapping, visualization, and manipulation and for the merging of important contextual, e.g., environmental, data. Besides discussing the likely limitations of these measures, using official projections from the Mexican government, we illustrate how migration/mobility data improve the estimation of spatial/gridded population dynamics. We wrap up with a call for the collection of more adequate, spatially-explicit data on residential mobility and migration globally. 1. Summary With a "natural" population increase, i.e., that is due to the net effect of fertility and mortality, on the decline around much of the world, the quantification of social growth, i.e., migration and residential mobility spanning administrative boundaries, is becoming an increasingly relevant quantity used to accurately estimate current and future spatial population distributions [1,2], and thus other gridded products. This is particularly true as migration impacts gridded population products not only when its magnitude changes, but also when its spatial distribution shifts (even in the absence of sizable
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In today's increasingly urban world, understanding the components of urban population growth is essential. While the demographic components of natural increase and migration have received the overwhelming share of attention to date, this... more
In today's increasingly urban world, understanding the components of urban population growth is essential. While the demographic components of natural increase and migration have received the overwhelming share of attention to date, this paper addresses the effects of administrative reclassification on urban population growth as derived from census data, which remain largely unstudied. We adopt a spatial approach, using the finest resolution US census data available for three decennial census periods, to estimate the magnitude of reclassification and examine the spatial-temporal variation in reclassification effects. We supplement the census data by using satellite-derived settlement data to further explain reclassification outcomes. We find that while 10% and 7% of the population live in areas that underwent urban/rural reclassification during the 1990-2000 and 2000-2010 time periods, respectively (with smaller fractions of corresponding land), reclassification has a substantial effect on metrics derived to characterize the urbanization process-comprising roughly 44% and 34% of total urban population growth over each period. The estimated magnitude of this effect is sensitive to assumptions regarding the timing of reclassification. The approach also reveals where, how, to what degree, and, in some part, why reclassification is affecting to the process of urbanization on the fine spatial scale, including the impact of underlying demographic processes. This research provides new directions to more effectively study coupled nature-human systems and their interactions.
This paper reports on a collection of recent efforts to integrate global spatial datasets and survey microdata to investigate drivers of hunger and infant mortality. They were motivated by a desire on the part of the United Nations... more
This paper reports on a collection of recent efforts to integrate global spatial datasets and survey microdata to investigate drivers of hunger and infant mortality. They were motivated by a desire on the part of the United Nations Millennium Project to understand the conditions under which the world's poor and hungry live, for the purpose of improving the diagnosing the
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Research Interests: Urban Growth, Land Cover, State, Variation, Power Law, and 25 moreVerification, Technique, Statistical Significance, Light, Estimation, Census, Geomatic Engineering, Population Density, Spatial Scale, Phase transition, Definition, Sample Size, Spatial Networks, Accuracy, Populations, Scaling, Utilization, Size Distribution, Night, Spatial resolution, Precision, Rank, Low Light, Unit, and Continuo
Over 30,000 ever-married women in 13 (out of 25) Indian states where HIV is thought to be highly prevalent-Maharashtra, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, and ten other less populous states-were surveyed about their awareness and knowledge of AIDS.... more
Over 30,000 ever-married women in 13 (out of 25) Indian states where HIV is thought to be highly prevalent-Maharashtra, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, and ten other less populous states-were surveyed about their awareness and knowledge of AIDS. Only one in six women had heard of AIDS. Among those, knowledge about transmission and prevention is poor. Multivariate analyses reveal that rural, poorly educated, and poor women are the least likely to be AIDS-aware and if aware, have the poorest understanding of the syndrome. Despite low levels of awareness and knowledge, we find a strong positive association between AIDS awareness and knowledge and condom use.
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What is known about the urban world is largely derived from local knowledge. This paper showcases substantial efforts at new data integration with existing technologies to develop a new suite of global datasets on urban population and... more
What is known about the urban world is largely derived from local knowledge. This paper showcases substantial efforts at new data integration with existing technologies to develop a new suite of global datasets on urban population and extents. These new databases far surpass past efforts to construct a systematic global database of urban areas by combining census and satellite data
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The Millennium Development Goals (MIDGs) have put maternal health in the mainstream, but there is a need to go beyond the MDGs to address equity within countries. We argue that MDG focus on maternal health is necessary but not sufficient.... more
The Millennium Development Goals (MIDGs) have put maternal health in the mainstream, but there is a need to go beyond the MDGs to address equity within countries. We argue that MDG focus on maternal health is necessary but not sufficient. This paper uses Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from Kenya, Ethiopia and Ghana to examine a set of maternal health indicators stratified along five different dimensions. The study highlights the interactive and multiple forms of disadvantage and demonstrates that equity monitoring for the MDGs is possible, even given current data limitations. We analyse DHS data from Ghana, Kenya and Ethiopia on four indicators: skilled birth attendant, contraceptive prevalence rate, AIDS knowledge and access to a health facility. We define six social strata along five different dimensions: poverty status, education, region, ethnicity and the more traditional wealth quintile. Data are stratified singly (e.g. by region) and then stratified simultaneously (e...
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ABSTRACT Appraisal of urbanization trends is limited by the lack of a globally consistent definition of what is meant by urban. This article seeks to identify and explain differences in the definition of “urbanness” as used in two largely... more
ABSTRACT Appraisal of urbanization trends is limited by the lack of a globally consistent definition of what is meant by urban. This article seeks to identify and explain differences in the definition of “urbanness” as used in two largely distinct research communities. We compare the Global Rural–Urban Mapping Project (GRUMP), which defines urban areas based primarily on satellite imagery of nighttime lights, to the urban classification found in Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), which relies on the urban definitions of individual countries' national statistical offices. We analyze the distribution of DHS clusters falling within and outside of GRUMP urban extents and examine select characteristics of these clusters (notably, household electrification). Our results show a high degree of agreement between the two data sources on what areas are considered urban; furthermore, when used together, GRUMP and DHS data reveal urban characteristics that are not evident when one data source is used independently. GRUMP urban extents are overwhelmingly medium and large highly electrified localities. DHS clusters that are classified as non‐urban but that fall within GRUMP extents tend to be peri‐urban areas.
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There is considerable interest in the future distribution of human population. The United Nations Population Division produces biannual updates to its medium-term projections of population (UN, WPP, 2003) to insure that researchers and... more
There is considerable interest in the future distribution of human population. The United Nations Population Division produces biannual updates to its medium-term projections of population (UN, WPP, 2003) to insure that researchers and policy makers have the most ...
A global and consistent characterization of land use and land change in urban and suburban environments is crucial for many fundamental social and natural science studies and applications. Presented here is a dense sampling method (DSM)... more
A global and consistent characterization of land use and land change in urban and suburban environments is crucial for many fundamental social and natural science studies and applications. Presented here is a dense sampling method (DSM) that uses satellite scatterometer data to delineate urban and intraurban areas at a posting scale of about 1 km. DSM results are analyzed together with
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... World Population Futures by Brian O'Neill and Deborah Balk BULLETIN A publication of the Population Reference Bureau ... Demogra-phers are experimenting with creative ways to express the uncertainty inher-World... more
... World Population Futures by Brian O'Neill and Deborah Balk BULLETIN A publication of the Population Reference Bureau ... Demogra-phers are experimenting with creative ways to express the uncertainty inher-World Population Futures by Brian O'Neill and Deborah Balk ...
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Research Interests: Physiology, Program Evaluation, Primary Health Care, United Nations, Biology, and 17 moreDeveloping Countries, Population Dynamics, Health, Stratification, Inequalities, Birth Weight, Maternal and Child Health, Population, Humans, Female, Social Inequalities in Health, Data Collection, Vaccination, Body Weight, Low Income, Health Indicator, and Death Rate
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This paper evolved out of a Global Infrastructure Mapping workshop organized by CIESIN of the Columbia Earth Institute and by NASA/JPL of the California Institute of Technology, held at Columbia University, New York, on 4-5 October 2000.... more
This paper evolved out of a Global Infrastructure Mapping workshop organized by CIESIN of the Columbia Earth Institute and by NASA/JPL of the California Institute of Technology, held at Columbia University, New York, on 4-5 October 2000. The research by the Jet Propulsion ...
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... Greg Booma, Jordan Chamberlin, Betty Hsiu-tsiu Chang, Jessica Forrest, Christine Grimando, Robby Gutmann, Erika Helms, Glenn Hyman, Malanding Jaiteh, German Lema, Marc Levy, ... Adam Storeygard, Maarten Tromp, Katya Vasilaky, Keelia... more
... Greg Booma, Jordan Chamberlin, Betty Hsiu-tsiu Chang, Jessica Forrest, Christine Grimando, Robby Gutmann, Erika Helms, Glenn Hyman, Malanding Jaiteh, German Lema, Marc Levy, ... Adam Storeygard, Maarten Tromp, Katya Vasilaky, Keelia Wright, Stan Wood, and Xiaoshi ...
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Research Interests: Demography, Research Methodology, Indonesia, Developing Countries, Population Dynamics, and 18 moreDisaster Response, Public Health, Mortality, Natural Disasters, Disasters, Population, Humans, Needs Assessment, Public, Surveys, Measurement, Demographic analysis, Vulnerable Populations, Theoretical Models, Post Disaster Planning, Environment, Geographic Information System, and Oceans and Seas
In this paper we give an overview of existing broad-scale population distribution modeling concepts in terms of their different levels of spatial and thematic complexity. The corresponding global or continental-scale datasets are... more
In this paper we give an overview of existing broad-scale population distribution modeling concepts in terms of their different levels of spatial and thematic complexity. The corresponding global or continental-scale datasets are described in terms of their individual characteristics. Special focus is put on using the accessibility concept for reallocating people within spatial reference units based on favoring conditions. This concept is based on the premise that people tend to live in or close to cities and tend to move towards areas that ...