Première partie. La philosophie comme discours Obstacles philosophiques à l'étude du dialogue L’étude du dialogue philosophique se heurte à une série de problèmes liés à l’ambiguïté du rapport entre dialogue et philosophie. Peut-on en... more
Première partie. La philosophie comme discours Obstacles philosophiques à l'étude du dialogue L’étude du dialogue philosophique se heurte à une série de problèmes liés à l’ambiguïté du rapport entre dialogue et philosophie. Peut-on en effet dissocier l’étude du dialogue philosophique d’une philosophie du dialogue ? La philosophie en occident, au moins depuis Platon, ne s’est-elle pas définie en posant le dialogue à la fois comme une valeur et comme une pratique ? Elle se présente comme un mod..
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It may be incongruous to bring together mysticism and skepticism, as each may be regarded as contradicting the other. Mysticism relates to the ecstatic experience of union between the human and the divine, while skepticism concerns a... more
It may be incongruous to bring together mysticism and skepticism, as each may be regarded as contradicting the other. Mysticism relates to the ecstatic experience of union between the human and the divine, while skepticism concerns a generalized doubting of Truth and Being. And yet mystic experience is deeply concerned with doubt, akin to the doubt that lies at the heart of skepticism. Conversely, skepticism, “which opposes appearances to judgments in any way whatsoever... [brings us] firstly to a state of mental suspense, and next to a state of ‘unperturbedness’ or quietude,” and does not contest the universal rule of appearance. Contemplating appearances leads us to ecstasy via a state of happy quietude. Beyond the paths of mystical experience and skepticism, is it not possible to explore the diversity of different forms of ecstatic experiences, and to establish a general theory of ecstasy ?
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1. Positionnement doctrinal, posture subjective et argumentation philosophique 1.1. La pensee en acte et ses traces subjectives dans la materialite discursive et textuelle : argumentation et neutralisation du point de vue enonciatif On... more
1. Positionnement doctrinal, posture subjective et argumentation philosophique 1.1. La pensee en acte et ses traces subjectives dans la materialite discursive et textuelle : argumentation et neutralisation du point de vue enonciatif On traite trop souvent la pensee ou l'activite philosophique comme si elles etaient independantes de la materialite de leur inscription textuelle et de leur mise en discours par un corps enoncant, une voix, un ethos situes. On imagine que le philosophe deploie des...
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One might think that the illustrated pocket monographs devoted to philosophers belong to a minor editorial genre whose aim is entirely didactic. This article would like to show on the contrary that they are not without interest for those... more
One might think that the illustrated pocket monographs devoted to philosophers belong to a minor editorial genre whose aim is entirely didactic. This article would like to show on the contrary that they are not without interest for those who want to consider the constraints of discourse in philosophy. The modes of presentation, illustration, and composition proposed by the various collections of monographs, as well as those devoted to writers, are compared among themselves, by mobilizing the methods of discourse analysis. We show that their retrospective function consists in elaborating a specific arrangement for the ‘constitutive discourses’ of the relation formed by each singular philosophy between life, work and doctrine. This is one way to help solve the risks of tension between singularity and universality, randomness of thought and creation of a work, speculative schemes and modes of exposure.
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Rapprocher mystique et scepticisme parait incongru tant leurs demarches semblent aux antipodes. L’une repose sur une experience extatique d’union entre l’humain et le divin, l’autre se nourrit d’un doute generalise sur la verite et... more
Rapprocher mystique et scepticisme parait incongru tant leurs demarches semblent aux antipodes. L’une repose sur une experience extatique d’union entre l’humain et le divin, l’autre se nourrit d’un doute generalise sur la verite et l’etre. Pourtant la voie mystique incorpore des figures du doute qui presentent des analogies frappantes avec celles des sceptiques. Le scepticisme inversement, au-dela de la suspension du jugement qui neutralise les opinions, les croyances et les raisons, ne conteste pas le regne universel de l’apparence. L’apparaitre des apparences procure au sage qui les contemple une quietude heureuse d’ordre extatique. Au-dela des voies mystique et sceptique, ne pourrait-on explorer la diversite des formes d’experience extatique et fonder ainsi une logique generale de l’extase ?
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Cette these reunit des travaux publies ainsi qu'une serie de textes inedits dependant tous d'une problematique unique explicitee dans un texte de synthese. Il s'agit d'abord de fonder une approche discursive de la... more
Cette these reunit des travaux publies ainsi qu'une serie de textes inedits dependant tous d'une problematique unique explicitee dans un texte de synthese. Il s'agit d'abord de fonder une approche discursive de la textualite philosophique, en explicitant les apories qui hypothequent un tel projet, sans le rabattre sur une hermeneutique ou sur une theorie de la deconstruction. Cette legitimation effectuee, il devient necessaire d'elaborer un cadre methodologique offrant les outils, les categories d'une analyse du discours philosophique. En se reclamant simultanement d'une linguistique des operations et de l'ecole francaise d'analyse des discours, elle peut lier l'etude des operations enonciatives qui contribuent a l'instauration des cadres theoriques d'une doctrine a celle des operations pragmatiques qui, assurant son universalisation, l'inscrivent dans un processus communicationnel et dans un contexte institutionnel. Enfin ces methodes sont appliquees par des etudes detaillees aux textes philosophiques herites de la tradition : platon, les sceptiques grecs. Descartes, spinoza, bergson. En variant les angles d'approche (etude de fonctions : didacticite, argumentation, metaphoricite, conceptualite ; etudes generiques et de composition : le dialogue philosophique, la forme generale d'une oeuvre), on peut alors degager certaines composantes fondamentales de la discursivite philosophique. La finalite du projet, ni normative ni purement descriptive, se veut heuristique puisqu'il vise a augmenter l'intelligibilite des textes et doctrines ou a en renouveler l'interpretation. Chercher comment l'ecriture articule modalites expressives et schemes speculatifs au sein des oeuvres ne suppose en rien une negation ni un renoncement a l'activite philosophique. Il s'agit d'une neutralisation permettant d'objectiver l'apprehension de la philosophie comme discours. Definir cette suspension comme >, est un gage paradoxal de creativite philosophique.
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My subject is the contemporary attempts, and more precisely K. O. Apel's, that aim at the refoundation of rationality within a communicational framework.1 I want to show that this task, insofar as it aims at being radical, insofar as... more
My subject is the contemporary attempts, and more precisely K. O. Apel's, that aim at the refoundation of rationality within a communicational framework.1 I want to show that this task, insofar as it aims at being radical, insofar as it is "transcendental pragmatics," is the target of criticisms that a skepticism always raises against the doctrines purporting to be built upon a foundation wholly devoid of presupposition.2 It so happens that Apel's doctrine in a manner more systematic than that of F. Jacques or Habermas makes explicit the conditions of its own constitution. It does so through the overthrow of skeptical objections that aim at a refutation of its radical attempt at a transcendental foundation: in Apel's eyes, the objection of the relativist or of the skeptic, because it contains an inner contradiction (a "performative self-contradiction") a contrario ensures the absolute validity of his universal pragmatic principle. If this use of skepticism constitutes the spring of the argumentation and the cornerstone of the systematic edifice Apel built, a skeptical overthrow of his overthrow will demonstrate the fragile and unsteady nature of its transcendental ambitions. It will then become impossible to associate the communicative activity with a horizon of ethical presuppositions that guarantee the success of discussion and of negotiation. It is the legitimacy of this foundationalism that we propose to contest in order to undermine transcendental theories of discourse ethics. And yet, without reverting to a sociological empiricism or having recourse to a philosophy of intersubjectivity, by showing that philosophical skepticism is not as naive as its critiques would have it, the ethical
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Research Interests: Philosophy, Epistemology, Rhetoric, Philosophy and Rhetoric, Icon, and 3 moreCitation, Download, and ICON
Frédéric Cossutta : « Pour une analyse du discours philosophique » Strangely enough, philosophy -as opposed to other disciplines- has never been studied by discourse analysts. We may account for that if we consider that -as a... more
Frédéric Cossutta : « Pour une analyse du discours philosophique » Strangely enough, philosophy -as opposed to other disciplines- has never been studied by discourse analysts. We may account for that if we consider that -as a self-instituting discourse- philosophy sets down its own functioning conditions and that relations between philosophy and language sciences are intricated and often ambiguous. This paper tries however to present the foundations on which an Analysis of philosophical discourse as such can be built, firstly in marking clear the epistemological conditions that would make it valid. In the second place, a close examination of the relationship between linguistic operations and discourse building activities (for instance with respect to textual analphors) makes it possible to replace this approach in a theoretical viewpoint that neglects neither the linguistic status of speech activities nor their connections with their institutional context. Lastly, a study of interna...
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Michel Narcy 1, Frédéric Cossutta, Clara Auvray-Assayas, Luc Brisson 1, Marie-Laurence Desclos, Philippe Guérin, Alain Lhomme, Thomas Morvan, Michel Narcy 1, Stefania Nonvel Pieri, Livio Rossetti, David Sedley, Sylvie Solère-Queval
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D. Maingueneau, F. Cossutta This article presents a type of discourse analysis suitable for discourses « constituent » (religious, philosophical, scientific, for example), whose function is to warrant the multiple verbal productions in a... more
D. Maingueneau, F. Cossutta This article presents a type of discourse analysis suitable for discourses « constituent » (religious, philosophical, scientific, for example), whose function is to warrant the multiple verbal productions in a society. It is assumed that the remarkable status they have as founding discourses gives them common proper- ties. This assumption is exemplified with religious and philosophical texts from the XVII th century.