- School of International Relations
University of St. Andrews
St Andrews, Fife, Scotland KY16 9AX
UK
- Political Science, International Relations, International Relations Theory, International Political Economy, Foreign Policy Analysis, Democratization, and 8 moreIdentity Politics (Political Science), Elites (Political Science), Syrian Studies, Developing Countries, Turkısh Politics, Middle East (Political Science), Syria, and Middle East Politicsedit
- Raymond Hinnebusch is the director of the Centre for Syrian Studies and professor of International Relations and Midd... moreRaymond Hinnebusch is the director of the Centre for Syrian Studies and professor of International Relations and Middle East Studies at the University of St. Andrews. He teaches Middle East politics, the IR of the Middle East and the political economy of the region. His recent research interests included a project on Syrian-Turkish relations, a book on IR Theory and the Middle East, and a project on the Arab Uprising, state formation and the new struggle for power in MENA
His books on Syria include Turkey-Syria Relations: between enmity and amity, Ashgate 2013; "Syria, Revolution from Above," Routledge, 2000; "The Syrian-Iranian Alliance: Middle Powers in a Penetrated Regional System," with Anoushiravan Ehteshami, Routledge, 1997; "Syria and the Middle East Peace Process," with Alasdair Drysdale, Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1991; "Authoritarian Power in Ba'thist Syria: Army, Party and Peasant," Westview.1990; "Peasant and Bureaucracy in Ba`thist Syria: The Political Economy of Rural Development," Westview Press, 1989. His recent articles on Syria include: "The Foreign Policy of Syria," in Raymond Hinnebusch and A. Ehteshami, The Foreign Policies of Middle East States, Lynne Rienner Press 2002; "Globalization and Generational Change: Syrian Foreign Policy between Regional Conflict and European partnership," in The Review of International Affairs, v 3, n 1, winter 2003; “Modern Syrian Politics,” History Compass, Blackwell Synergy, 6/1, February 2008,; “Defier l’hegemonie americaine: la diplomatie Syrienne de l’Irak au Liban,” Les Cahiers de L’Orient, n 87, September 2007
He is also the author of books and articles on the international politics of the Middle East and on Egypt. These include The Iraq War: Causes and Consequences, co- edited with Rick Fawn, Lynne Rienner Press, 2006; The International Politics of the Middle East, Manchester University Press, 2003; The Foreign Policies of Middle East States, edited with A. Ehteshami, Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Press, 2002; Egyptian Politics Under Sadat: Cambridge University Press, 1985; “The US Invasion of Iraq: Explanations and Implications,” Critique: Critical Middle Eastern Studies, 16:3, Fall 2007; “Authoritarian Persistence, Democratization Theory and The Middle East: an Overview and Critique”, Democratization, v 13, n 3, June 2006; “Contrary Siblings: Syria, Jordan and the Iraq War,” with Neil Quilliam, Cambridge Review of International Affairs vol 19, no 3, Dec 2006; “The Iraq War and International Relations: Implications for Small States,” Cambridge Review of International Affairs, vol 19, no 3, Dec 2006; “Political Parties and Trade Unions in the Middle East,” in Youssef Choueiri, A Companion to the History of the Middle East, Blackwell Publishing, 2005, pp. 334-354; “The Politics of Identity in the Middle East,” in Louise Fawcett, ed. International relations of the Middle East, Oxford, 2009edit
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A small army of friends, colleagues and interested officials in Europe and the Middle East had thrust upon them by ourselves the unenviable task of keeping us on track, as well as helping us to develop and refine our ideas about the... more
A small army of friends, colleagues and interested officials in Europe and the Middle East had thrust upon them by ourselves the unenviable task of keeping us on track, as well as helping us to develop and refine our ideas about the Syrian-Iranian alliance itself, the two states' ...
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Examines the reconciliation agreements betaen the Syrian government and opposition, observing the context which determines their pace and character (balance of power), the discourse of regime and opposition and variations in outcomes in... more
Examines the reconciliation agreements betaen the Syrian government and opposition, observing the context which determines their pace and character (balance of power), the discourse of regime and opposition and variations in outcomes in different areas.Postprin
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This introductory chapter explicates the focus of the book, the “middle period of the uprising.” It was a period of key junctures or turning points, notably the failure of non-violent uprising to lead to democratization; of armed... more
This introductory chapter explicates the focus of the book, the “middle period of the uprising.” It was a period of key junctures or turning points, notably the failure of non-violent uprising to lead to democratization; of armed insurgency to effect revolution from below, and of counter-insurgency to restore regime control. It was a period when the consequences of the uprising became apparent: failed statehood, rebel governance, societal polarization, notably along sectarian lines; the intervention of external actors exacerbating the conflict and establishing zones of influence; the emergence of a war economy; and massive displacement of the population.
Research Interests: Political Economy, Political Science, Democratization, Syrian Studies, Insurgency/Counterinsurgency(COIN), and 14 moreFailed States, Democratisation, Sectarianism, Authoritarianism, Insurgency, Ethnic / Sectarian Violence, Arab Spring (Arab Revolts), Arab Uprisings, Democratic Transitions, Armed Conflict and External Interventions, Syrian Conflict, Syrian Civil War, Syrian civil war & sectarianism, and Armed & insurgency movement
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This chapter examines the process of foreign policymaking by regional states based on a ‘complex realist’ approach, which acknowledges the weight of realist (or power based) arguments but takes into account other factors such as the role... more
This chapter examines the process of foreign policymaking by regional states based on a ‘complex realist’ approach, which acknowledges the weight of realist (or power based) arguments but takes into account other factors such as the role of leadership in informing states’ foreign policy choices. The chapter first provides an overview of complex realism and the framework of analysis by considering the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) environment. It then illustrates the complex realist approach with an an assessment of decision-making by four leading states — Saudi Arabia, Iran, Turkey, and Egypt — in relation to the key events and crises of the last decade: the 2003 Iraq War, the 2006 Lebanon War, and the post-2014 war with the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). The chapter concludes with a discussion of the relative weight of the various policymaking determinants in the 2000s.
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This chapter examines identity politics in the Middle East, focusing on Arabism and other regional ethnicities as sources of political identity in the region. It argues that the persistence of conflict in the Middle East stems from the... more
This chapter examines identity politics in the Middle East, focusing on Arabism and other regional ethnicities as sources of political identity in the region. It argues that the persistence of conflict in the Middle East stems from the incongruence of identity and material structures. It shows how the interaction of identity with state formation and development has contributed to numerous wars, and most recently to the evolution of regional developments following the Arab Spring. The chapter first considers the problem of nation-building where identity and territory are incongruent before explaining how irredentism generates interstate conflict. It then explores the impact of identity on perceptions of interest in foreign policymaking, along with the rise, decline, and evolution of pan-Arabism. It also describes the instrumentalization of identity in the post-Arab uprising regional power struggle, asserting that identity has motivated, but material power structures have frustrated, ...
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Research Interests: International Relations, International Relations Theory, Political Science, Politics, Foreign Policy, and 15 moreInternational Politics, National Identity, Conflict Management, Pluralism, Middle East, Process, International conflict, Internationale Beziehungen, Politikwissenschaft, Middle East Policy, International Conflict, Pluralismus, Political Decision, nationale Identität, and Internationale Politik
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How have recent economic reforms affected Syria's agricultural sector? Addressing this question, the authors give particular attention to the implications of the reforms for rural society. ... Raymond Hinnebusch is professor of... more
How have recent economic reforms affected Syria's agricultural sector? Addressing this question, the authors give particular attention to the implications of the reforms for rural society. ... Raymond Hinnebusch is professor of international relations and Middle East ...
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1. Introduction (Sally N. Cummings, University of St Andrews and Raymond Hinnebusch, University of St Andrews) Section One: Histories of Empire and After 2. Russian Empires (Dominic Lieven, Bradford University) 3. The British and French... more
1. Introduction (Sally N. Cummings, University of St Andrews and Raymond Hinnebusch, University of St Andrews) Section One: Histories of Empire and After 2. Russian Empires (Dominic Lieven, Bradford University) 3. The British and French empires in the Arab world: Some problems of colonial state-formation and its legacy (James McDougall, Trinity College, University of Oxford) 4. Ottoman Legacies and Economic Sovereignty in Post-Imperial Anatolia, Syria and Iraq (Fred Lawson, Mills College) Section Two: Paths to Sovereignty - Views from the Core and Periphery 5. Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire and After (Ben Fortna, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London) 6. Mandated Sovereignty? The Role of International Law in the Construction of Arab Statehood during and after Empire (Michelle Burgis, University of St Andrews) 7. Reluctant sovereigns? Central Asian states' path to independence (Mohira Suyarkulova, University of St Andrews) Section Three: Empire and Domes...
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This volume explores the development of Syria's political economy under the Baath, particularly the role of the state in facilitating or obstructing economic development. Raymond Hinnebusch provides a brief overview of the literature... more
This volume explores the development of Syria's political economy under the Baath, particularly the role of the state in facilitating or obstructing economic development. Raymond Hinnebusch provides a brief overview of the literature and debates on the issue. His examination of Syria's political economy under populism (1963-2000) is followed by Soren Schmidt's analysis of the post-populist period since 2000. Contents: Debates on Syrian Political Economy Under the Baath— R. Hinnebusch The Political Economy of Populist Authoritarianism— R. Hinnebusch The Developmental Role of the State: Lessons from Syria— S. Schmidt .