Alternative Economic Arrangements

En el presente artículo se analizan las transformaciones materiales recientes ocurridas en el proceso de trabajo agrario en la región pampeana con el objetivo de aportar evidencia empírica y elementos de análisis al debate existente en la literatura especializada respecto de las implicancias productivas y sociales que comportan dichas transformaciones. Para tal fin, se realiza un análisis de la llamada revolución biotecnológica en la producción agraria, se examina el caso de la producción agraria en la región pampeana y, por último, se reflexiona sobre las implicancias de estas transformaciones para el curso histórico de la producción agraria en general y la pampeana en particular. Las principales conclusiones a las que se arriban son: a) que la llamada revolución biotecnológica ha implicado una transformación muy limitada de los condicionamientos naturales que caracterizan a la producción agraria y que, en consecuencia, aún se está lejos de superar las barreras que históricamente l...

Author(s): Rowe, James; Peredo, Ana Maria; Sullivan, Megan; Restakis, John | Abstract: The international co-operative movement has prioritised supportive legal frameworks as a key constituent of co-operative growth (ICA, 2013). Unfortunately, there is not a robust literature on co-operative policy to help meet this need. Supportive legal frameworks for co-operatives are a “deeply under-researched area” (Adeler, 2014: 50). We recently conducted a review of the existing research and found that despite its dearth, the literature points to six primary forms of policy support that have been successfully deployed internationally to support co-operative growth: co-operative recognition, financing, sectoral financing, preferential taxation, supportive infrastructure, and preferential procurement. The most developed examples of these policies are found in areas of dense co -operative concentration, or “co-op hot spots”: the Basque region of Spain, Emilia Romagna in Northern Italy, and Quebec...

Recently, it has become increasingly recognised that self-servicing is a growing rather than declining phenomenon. To explain this, a range of competing theories have emerged which variously portray those engaged in self-servicing either as rational economic actors, dupes, seekers of self-identity, or simply doing so out of necessity or choice. This paper evaluates critically the validity of these rival explanations. To do this, the extent of, and reasons for, self-servicing in the domestic realm is empirically evaluated through an ...

Az elmúlt évtizedek felsőoktatási reformjainak egyik kiemelt célja az eredményesebb intézményi működés elérése volt, amelyet a menedzsment megerősítésével kívántak elérni. A menedzserizmus azonban az egyetem diszfunkcionális működését is eredményezte. A tanulmány alapkérdése, hogy milyen alternatívái fogalmazódnak meg a menedzserizmusnak azokban az országokban, ahol ez vált az uralkodó egyetemszervezési megközelítéssé. A cikk áttekinti a menedzserizmus kialakulásának okait és kritikáját, néhány ellenállási és reformstratégiát, valamint illusztrációként bemutat egy egyedi irányítási gyakorlattal rendelkező egyetemet, a szövetkezeti elvekre épülő Mondragon Egyetemet. A reformjavaslatok egyike sem vágyódik vissza az elefántcsonttoronyba, és egyik sem vitatja a hatékonyság és eredményesség fontosságát. Mindegyik úgy véli azonban, hogy a menedzserizmusnál vannak jobb módok, amelyek a hatékonyság elérése mellett a közösség és az érintettek érdekeit teljesebben meg tudják jeleníteni és job...

A qualitative study of an APIL of artisans  was carried out to implement the methodology of study of the APIL in Cuban conditions. The footwear industry in Camajuaní, mostly belongs to the private sector, formed by groups of artisans and vendors. Its products have recognized quality and great national and international demand. The economic figures footwear factory, producers sellers and artisan groups present ruptures in their productive chains that negatively influence the gradual increase of their productions, highlighting the lack of raw materials and the use of obsolete technologies. It responds to an ancient tradition and is inspired by the skills of its artisans, shared and improved in a continuous exchange of experiences and constant competition for markets and new profit options. The changes that have taken place in the Cuban economy have conditioned the development of an APIL where the updating of knowledge, innovation and the constant improvement of artisans have guaranteed the competitiveness of their businesses.

El contexto evolutivo del sector agrícola en Francia llevó a las cooperativas agrarias a crear grupos de empresas que combinan las cooperativas tradicionales —encargadas del proceso de producción— y las filiales, encargadas de agregar valor a la producción. En este artículo se presenta la especificidad de los grupos cooperativos agrarios en Francia. La nueva estructura cooperativa lleva a asociar el modo de gobernanza asociativo de la estructura tradicional y el modo de gobernanza accionarial de las filiales en un modo híbrido que provoca una crisis de identidad a este tipo de empresa.

Este trabajo muestra empíricamente que las cinco mayores Isapres (aseguradoras privadas de salud) del mercado chileno se coludieron para reducir su cobertura financiera en los planes de seguros de salud ofertados tanto a sus nuevos afiliados como en la renovación anual de los antiguos afiliados. La disminución en la calidad ofrecida de los planes ocurrió entre Marzo de 2002 y

Recently, it has become increasingly recognised that self-servicing is a growing rather than declining phenomenon. To explain this, a range of competing theories have emerged which variously portray those engaged in self-servicing either as rational economic actors, dupes, seekers of self-identity, or simply doing so out of necessity or choice. This paper evaluates critically the validity of these rival explanations. To do this, the extent of, and reasons for, self-servicing in the domestic realm is empirically evaluated through an ...

Szakdolgozatom témája a Budapest Gyógyfürdői és Hévizei Rt. 1983-as szervezeti átalakítása. A középpontban egy a gyógyturizmus szempontjából kiemelten fontos vállalat áll, melynek ugyanakkor nem kifejezetten tevékenységére, hanem belső szerveződésére helyeztem a hangsúlyt, levéltári forrásokra támaszkodva. Mindezek mellett az érdeklődők képet kaphatnak egy klasszikus, szocialista alapkon működő állami vállalat működéséről, és a magyar gyógyfürdőturizmus gyökereiről, lehetőségeiről és legfontosabb problémáiról.

Cortés, Alexis2017 “La vía chilena a la dependencia: reprimarización y subordinación económica.” in Fernando Carmona and Vesselina Vateva (eds.), Ensayos para un modelo de desarrollo sostenible: un cambio estructural. Santiago de Chile: ICAL - Fundación Rosa Luxemburgo - CLACSO. http://www.ical.cl/wp-content/uploads/Ensayos-para-un-Modelo-de-Desarrollo-Sostenible.-Un-Cambio-Estructural.pdf

Os chamados Stand-by Arrangements e, por conseqüência, as Cartas de Intenções que deles fazem parte, têm se tornado através dos tempos os dois instrumentos mais importantes de negociação com o FMI. Não obstante sua natureza e emprego comum, constantemente surgem perguntas concernentes à sua validade, bem como das obrigações legais deles derivadas. Alguns autores apontam (do mesmo modo como o faz o FMI) que os stand-by arrangements não são acordos internacionais em sentido estrito (acordos formais) ou tratados internacionais, mas, ao revés, enquadrar-se-iam eles na categoria dos “nonbinding agreements”. Por outro lado, outros julgam esses arrangements como contratos geradores de obrigação que devem ser tidos como acordos internacionais comuns e, por conseguinte, devem ser submetidos aos procedimentos de direito interno para a celebração de tratados que, no caso brasileiro, exige a manifestação das duas Casas do Congresso Nacional, nos termos do art. 49, inc. I, da Constituição brasileira de 1988. Neste estudo, o Autor defende a tese de que os stand-by arrangements não podem ser tidos como meros acordos executivos. Levando-se em consideração o sistema estabelecido pela Constituição brasileira, o Autor conclui que o poder de decidir sobre esses arrangements deve permanecer, em última análise, nas mãos da Câmara Alta do Poder Legislativo brasileiro, chamada de Senado Federal, a quem compete, nos termos do art. 52, inc. V, da Carta Magna brasileira, autorizar operações externas de natureza financeira de interesse da União.

The Western-European cooperative models were adopted ingeniously in the East-Central –European countries and were adapted to their specific social and economic contexts in different cooperative types and forms, thus in Hungary and Transylvania, the latter becoming part of Romania since 1918.

Our study presents along different research and methodological hypotheses the development of the country-wide cooperative institutions and their role in the modernization, emphasizing also those regional organizations, as well, which were constituted on the impetus of the central cooperative organs or on the initiative of the ministries and administration. These all aimed the modernization of the economically underdeveloped regions, e.g. the ministerial action (project) for the development of the Transylvanian (Szekler) region between 1902-1918.

We propose that the economic history should take an interdisciplinary approach when it presents the importance of the cooperative movement with its economically rich and geographically well extended, socially very dense network of cooperative, that unfortunately was nationalized after 1945. The reassessment of this great cooperative movement heritage gives us, in 2013, valuable examples of good practice, especially concerning the present CAP inside the European Union and the micro-regional development in Hungary, Romania and Transylvania.