Ars

French blurb / quatrième de couverture:
Ce livre est le fruit d'un projet ambitieux visant à replacer l'émergence du portrait européen dans le contexte large d'une évolution où parmi d'autres facteurs les rites funéraires et les masques mortuaires jouent un rôle déterminant. L'« archéologie de la ressemblance » est ainsi la formule que l'auteur propose pour renouveler notre connaissance des débuts du portrait au XIIIe siècle, c'est-à-dire bien avant l'apogée du portrait individuel à la Renaissance. Par une transgression audacieuse des frontières du champ disciplinaire, l'enquête jette un éclairage inattendu sur l'environnement culturel qui favorisa l'apparition de ce genre visuel si caractéristique du continent européen. Le recours à la méthode étymologique enrichit tout particulièrement l'investigation en éclairant d'un jour nouveau les causes profondes de cette représentation figurée. Sur un sujet où tout déjà semblait avoir été dit, un arrière-plan aux multiples facettes se trouve ici mis au jour, qui d'une manière exemplaire révèle la complexité des facteurs intervenant dans l'histoire de la représentation figurée.

Hans Belting


German blurb / Klappentext:
Das Buch spannt einen weiten Bogen und ordnet die Herausbildung des europäischen Porträts in einen viel größeren Zusammenhang ein, in welchem auch Grabriten und die Totenmaske eine Rolle spielen. So ist etwa die „Archäologie der Ähnlichkeit“ ein Stichwort, um unsere Aufmerksamkeit für die Anfänge des Porträts im 13. Jahrhundert, lange vor der Blütezeit des Individualporträts in der Renaissance, neu zu wecken. Indem sie die Fachgrenzen kühn überschreitet, bietet die Untersuchung einen unerwarteten Einblick in das kulturelle Umfeld, in welchem es zur Entstehung dieser für Europa so charakteristischen Bildgattung kommen konnte. Das gilt auch für die Etymologie der Begriffe, die bei diesem Vorgang eine Rolle spielen und ein neues Licht auf die Motivation hinter diesem Bildnis werfen. In einem Thema, in dem alles schon gesagt schien, wird hier ein vielfach verzweigter Hintergrund freigelegt, der exemplarisch beweist, wie komplex die Gründe sind, die in der Bildgeschichte eine Rolle spielen.

Hans Belting

Dubbelbespreking: Arnold Heumakers, De esthetische revolutie. Hoe Verlichting en Romantiek Kunst uitvonden [Boom 2015] en Peter Henk Steenhuis en René Gude, Door het beeld. Door het woord [ISVW 2015].
in: Tijdschrift voor mediageschiedenis 20 (1) 2017, p. 164-173.

"Surveys of vocalizations are a widely used method for monitoring anurans, but it can be difficult to
coordinate standardized data collection across a large geographic area. Digital automated recording systems (ARS)
offer a low-cost method for obtaining samples of anuran vocalizations, but the number of recordings can easily
overwhelm human listeners. We tested Song Scope, an automatic vocalization recognition software program for
personal computers to determine if this type of machine learning approach is currently a viable solution for anuran
monitoring. For three species, Song Scope scanned more than 200 h of recordings in 3-20 h at the settings we chose.
The software misidentified true calls (false positive) at rates of 2.7%-15.8% per species and failed to detect calls (false
negative) in 45%-51% of recordings. There exists a tradeoff between false positive and false negative errors, which can
be adjusted by setting the minimum criteria for the recognition software. Users of this approach should carefully
consider their reasons for monitoring and how they intend to use the data before creating a large monitoring network."

A similaridade é uma força tão fundamental na linguagem que está presente mesmo na linguagem de imagens do cinema. É o que mostram sequências de Outubro (1929), de Eisenstein, apesar do cineasta declarar que seu princípio de montagem é o conflito. A videoinstalação CinemObjeto (2012), realizada como parte dessa pesquisa, investiga o uso da montagem para além da gramática interna do filme, considerando os elementos que circunscrevem o cinema, tanto material e tecnicamente quanto em termos de formas discursivas. A montagem aqui não é entre duas imagens, mas entre imagem e tela em movimento. Esse procedimento, através da "exterioridade da linguagem", produz "imagens emersivas". Estreitando relações entre teoria e prática, videoinstalação e filosofia, esta pesquisa em progresso explora potências da linguagem audiovisual.

Postscript 1.1. 2015

The recent repeated killings of young black males (YBMs) in several American states, like Missouri, New York, Ohio, and California -almost all of them unarmed, except in Berkeley, Missouri, where police claims that the YBM pointed a gun at the policeman, before the latter fired on him and killed him (very unlikely, as that YBM was not found to have fired any shots at the policeman.  The gun may have been planted after the killing)-and the Grand Juries’ decisions not to even indict the killer cops, have sparked nationwide protests by the Blacks and their supporters, against such monstrous classist-racist injustices.  Blacks and their supporters are focusing on a single issue in these cases, that is, the racist police brutality and killings of Blacks with impunity. However, it is essential to also place these within the context of  political economy of the interactions of racism and classism in this society, and identify and understand the precise causes that are created by these interactions, which produce all the various classist and racist institutions, including those of the law enforcement agencies and the police departments.  The police departments are not alone in inflicting monstrous injustices and atrocities on the Blacks and other minorities, even though, these become glaring and become widely publicized, because of their very nature, and the large scale protests that these provoke among the victimized and oppressed communities in the country.  Incomparably larger numbers of professional, economic, and judicial injustices and atrocities are committed against the Blacks and other minorities by almost all the various public, private, government, judicial, and other institutions, also with impunity, in most cases.  This report concretely documents and analyzes the nature and causes of these sinister problems in this sinister classist and racist political economy, system, and society, illustrating these with specific examples of the USDA, EEOC, USDOJ, and the Federal Court system. 

Single issue foci cannot even make a dent, much less solve these colossal and complex problems.  Only when the single and individual issues and problems are comprehended in their accurate politico-economic and social context, the discovery of their real meanings, nature, causes, and solutions becomes possible. The powers-that-be and the status quo want to prevent this from happening at all costs, as their continued domination and control depend on the continuation of fragmentations and mutilations of and disconnections between various parts of reality, problems, and issues.  The single-issue approaches play right into their hands.

Blacks and other minorities are facing huge problems of multidimensional oppression, repression, discrimination, impoverishment, and criminalization in the classist-racist politico-economic structure of this society, as well as betrayal by the organizations and leaders that claim to represent their interests.  When these organizations and leaders are allowed to cross the class barriers and become part of the upper economic classes, they melt into that class structure and, both consciously and unconsciously, strive to preserve that classist status quo.  By doing that, objectively, they end up also preserving the racist status quo, whether they realize it or not.

At this stage of the developments, it is essential for the minorities to create new organizations, new leadership, new unities, new programs, new strategies and tactics, new strength and vigor-all on the basis of new insights, knowledge, and understanding of the classist and racist politico-economic structure, which objectively generates all the problems, issues, causes, and effects and that are then reflected, on the subjective level, in the mass psychologies and cultures of various institutions, as well as in the mass psychologies and cultures of various classes and races, in this society.                     

End of Postscript 1.1.2015

The following report was written on May 19, 1999, and copies were sent to the USDA and EEOC, which made them even more viciously hostile towards me.  I was forced to leave the US for a few years, but returned because of the US and NATO invasion of Afghanistan and related civil war and other conflicts on the Pakistan-Afghanistan border, where I had moved to.  On my return, the racist, politico-economic, and philosophical discriminatory destruction of my career continued unabated.  Not a finger was lifted to help me in my struggle for justice and fairness against the cross-institutional networks of the powerful giant bureaucracies of USDA, USDOJ, EEOC, and the Federal court system, the various officials of which collaborated with each other in a clone-like fashion.  I have added those experiences under “2013 additions to the report”, at the end of the 1999 Report, on pages 63 to 112.

The politico-economic and racist oppression and exclusion of and discrimination against the minorities, under the administration of the first so-called Black President of the US, Barack  Obama, not only continues unabated, but has actually worsened and increased.
USDA was forced into $3.5 billion settlements with hundreds of thousands of minority farmer for decades of discriminatory practices against them.  More details can be found under Item Numbers 4, 5, and 7 at the end of this report.

I feel as if I have landed on a Planet of the Demons.  Only the most wicked and evil demons can do what has been done to me here, in the “Home of the Brave”, and “Land of the Free”.  My own personal experience is a miniscule part of this country’s long diabolical history of genocides-starting with that of the Native Americans and theft of their whole country-, slavery of and discrimination against the Blacks and other minorities, constant invasions and robbery of the resources of numerous Third World countries-most recently of Afghanistan, Iraq, and Libya-, plunder of the resources of other nations through neocolonialism, globalization of classist and racist injustice and inequality, and transformation of Homo sapiens into Homo dollarus in its own territory, as well as globally.

One of the  fundamental causes of this demonic reality is the mass slavery to totalitarian capital and capitalism and, in the state of extreme alienation and reification, experiencing it as freedom, when, in fact, the whole individual being-mind, body, and soul-as well as the whole social being, are engulfed and regulated by the totalitarian capital.  Mass and individual human mental apparatus in such conditions becomes a reflection of the relations of capital and things and their alienated and alienating powers.  There is very little, if any, free and unalienated and unreified space left there.  The more developed capitalism is in a given society, the more predominant and engulfing this particular type of slavery is in that society.

O texto volta-se para a noção de cânone, de modo a problematizar a narrativa historiográfica da arte e os impasses teórico-metodológicos frente à existência e à consolidação de outras histórias à margem ou incorporadas a essa narrativa. Ao aproximar-se da discussão em âmbito internacional, tendo o Ocidente como articulador de tal questionamento, seu objetivo é confrontar esses pontos com o estudo da historiografia da arte no Brasil. Em um primeiro momento, o termo “cânone” é submetido a uma revisão, para, em seguida, relacioná-lo à “história da arte global” e, por fim, levantar-se alguns pontos a serem considerados numa perspectiva Brasil.

Pretendo apresentar neste trabalho alguns aspectos da percepção quando esta envolve obras no uso de tecnologias emergentes, tanto para o fazer artístico, como na relação de fruição da obra. Para isto, trago conceitos de modos interativos, bem como multissensoriais, sinestésicos e pseudo sinestésicos. Observo uma problemática sobre a acepção da obra de arte, dentro desta situação poética, em especial quando ela compõe elementos lúdicos, assim como outros elementos de caráter de entretenimento. Encontro apoio para compreender esta problemática, que é de natureza transdisciplinar, em fundamentos de ordem multidisciplinar. Tento, neste discurso, apontar respostas objetivas, embora hipotéticas, uma vez que se referem a uma pesquisa em andamento. Para isto, abordo as relações entre estas figuras, sejam elas a obra, o artista e o interator. Elenco possíveis razões sistêmicas, semióticas e neurocientíficas para um tipo de aproximação entre estas partes que, desde já, coloco como imbricadas....

Referring to Bernard of Clairvaux’s famous letter in which he denounced the ornamented art of his time, Lilian M. C. Randall lists three characteristics of motifs typical for later Gothic marginalia: as ornaments they are too extravagant, they have distractive infl uence, and this is all the more problematic since they have “strong appeal [...] even

Brasilia is recognized for its exceptional modernist architecture and urbanism, as well as for the socioeconomic segregation represented by the satellite cities. Its metropolitan area has more than three million inhabitants, of which 90% live outside the limits of the planned city. This ambiguity is evident in the cinema, since on the one hand, the films produced for the advertisement of Brasilia explored its breadth, monumentality, and plasticity, and on the other hand, the ones made by the first generation of filmmakers born in the city reveal another Brasilia. This article will explore the tensions resulting from this socio-spatial segregation that are materialized in the constructed space and in Brasilia’s representation in cinema.

The study of accounting in its environmental contexts requires an understanding of accounting beyond its technical and numerical aspects. To obtain social, cultural and political legitimacy, organizations tend to adopt formal structures and practices � including accounting � that have been widely accepted by society as social norms and values without necessarily using them in actual practices. Seen from this

Relegado a notas de rodapé da história do Fluxus e cena pós-Cage de Nova Iorque, Henry Flynt desenvolveu, entre 1960 e 1966, uma abordagem crítica da vanguarda a partir de postura revolucionária, procurando respostas para perguntas que seus contemporâneos artistas aparentemente ignoravam. Trabalhamos aqui com três textos que radicalizam um discurso crítico à vanguarda que vai de uma crítica formalista até uma crítica total de caráter anticolonial e marxista. Estes três momentos são apresentados em rounds, um para cada enfrentamento com a vanguarda, passando por suas estruturas formal, social e política, em um percurso que vai do abstrato ao concreto e se manifesta em uma práxis revolucionária.

This paper assesses the changes in forest cover in Yok Don National Park of Vietnam between 2004 and 2010, and the implications of such changes on the biomass stocks of this national park. Remote sensing and GIS tools along with the ground truth data collected from the field were employed for classifying the forest types of the study area from SPOT HRV satellite imagery for years 2004 and 2010. The total area considered in this study is 115.5 thousand ha. Five different categories of forests were identified. The results demonstrated that between 2004 and 2010, the Evergreen broad leaved rich quality forest decreased by 11.2 thousand ha (3.5 Mega tons of biomass) and the Dry open dipterocarps medium quality forest decreased by 15.3 thousand ha (2.5 Mega tons of biomass). In that time period, the Evergreen broad leaved medium quality forest increased by 3.2 thousand ha (0.8 Mega tons of biomass), the Evergreen broad leaved poor quality forest increased by 2.5 thousand ha (0.24 Mega to...

Many supervised classification algorithms have been proposed, however, they are rarely evaluated for specific application. This research examines the performance of machine learning classifiers support vector machine (SVM), neural network (NN), Random Forest (RF) against maximum classifier (MLC) (traditional supervised classifier) in forest resources and land cover categorization, based on combination of Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) and Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data, in Northern Tanzania. Various data categories based on Landsat TM surface reflectance, ALOS PALSAR backscattering and their derivatives were generated for various classification scenarios. Then a separate and joint processing of Landsat and ALOS PALSAR data were executed using SVM, NN, RF and ML classifiers. The overall classification accuracy (OA), kappa coefficient (KC) and F1 score index values were computed. The result proves the robustness o...

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um estudo de crítica genética nas artes visuais. Estarão sendo analisados alguns cadernos de trabalho de Daniel Senise. Com a intenção de melhor compreender o processo criativo desse artista, discutiremos a função que ...

Esta investigação se dedica ao estudo da ação coletiva empresarial que tem incidido na educação pública latino-americana, privilegiando o estudo da Rede Latino-Americana de Organizações da Sociedade Civil pela Educação (Reduca), da qual fazem parte 15 organizações distribuídas pelos países da América Latina e Caribe. Orienta todo o trabalho a questão: Qual, afinal, é o projeto da burguesia para a educação pública na América Latina? Posicionado no cenário latino-americano, procura-se compreender como os processos globais, as trajetórias nacionais e as dinâmicas regionais se articulam na condução de uma ação empresarial organizada a fim de desvelar a direção que a Reduca pretende imprimir à educação na América Latina, explicitando suas determinações econômicas e políticas na definição dos rumos das reformas pretendidas.

Pola asuh yang tepat penting untuk proses perkembangan anak, hal ini bertujan agar anak tidak tumbuh dengan emosi negatif. Namun, pada kenyataannya banyak orang tua yang tidak mengetahui akan pentignya pola asuh yang yang tepat sehingga orang tua banyak melakukan pola asuh yang salah seperti menggunakan kekerasan verbal ataupun fisik. Memberikan solusi dan edukasi kepada orang tua muda dan calon orang tua mengenai masalah ini adalah tujuan dari perancangan agar tidak terjadi kekerasan terhadap anak yang menyebabkan anak tumbuh dengan emosi negatif. Maka, terdapat dua tahapan metode yang dilakukan, yaitu tahap persiapan dan tahap penciptaan. Tahap persiapan meliputi pengumpulan data, analisis data, sintesis, dan penentuan objek perancangan. Sedangkan tahap penciptaan meliputi pra produksi, produksi dan pasca produksi. Dengan menggunakan metode tersebut akan menghasilkan konsep desain dengan keyword “Kunci Mendidik Anak Emas”, yaitu solusi bagi orang tua dalam mengasuh anak kesayangan...

Authors: Wouk Edward H. Title: FRANS FLORIS AND DISEGNO. A RETURN TO THE QUESTION. Source: ARS year: 2009, vol: 42, number: 1, pages: 47-63 More information. Keywords: DISEGNO, FLORIS FRANS, ART, DRAWING, CREATIVE PROCESS, PERSONAL STYLE. ...

Este artigo situa Jackson Pollock, uma das figuras mais importantes do Expressionismo Abstrato, no quadro do debate, caraterístico dos anos 1950 e 1960, sobre a relação entre arte e vida. Analiso, nesse contexto, os limites da crítica face a um pintor que nos deixou inúmeros testemunhos sobre o papel do inconsciente no seu processo criativo. Qual o lugar reservado pela crítica, à época, para essa via de interpretação? Procurando responder a essa questão, o artigo põe em confronto as diversas perspectivas dos críticos e relaciona-as com a reflexão de Pollock sobre si mesmo.

Em 21 de setembro de 2020, a exposição itinerante “Philip Guston Now” foi adiada nos Estados Unidos e na Inglaterra. O artigo tenta entender as razões da reação e a dificuldade das instituições de enfrentar as contradições apontadas pelos novos movimentos sociais.

Mon propos est de montrer, par le biais de références à quelques
Commentaires de saint Thomas aux ouvrages d’Aristote, que ce caractère formel de la logique provient de sa constitution en tant qu’<ars> – là où ‘<ars>’ est la traduction latine du mot grec ‘<techne>’, qui possède les traits d’universalité et d’ordre. Le texte de référence pour la valeur qualitative des connaissances de la <techne> est le premier chapitre du Livre A de la <Métaphysique> d’Aristote; pour le lien explicite entre forme et <techne>, je signale le passage du livre Λ du même
traité, où Aristote précise que, normalement, ce qui est déterminé par une forme ne peut subsister en dehors de la substance composée, «comme par exemple la forme de la maison, à moins que par forme on entende <techne> ».