Des

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) based on water as the only hydrogen bond donor (HBD) have been introduced recently (aquoline). There is not a single report on surfactant association behaviour in aquoline. This study deals with the determination of physical properties (rheology, specific conductance, pH, micro polarity and apparent dielectric constant) of pure aquoline (with different molar ratios of choline chloride (ChCl): water, DES I - DES IV) and association behaviour of ionic surfactants in such aquoline systems. DESs were found Newtonian and highly polar / conducting fluids with nearly neutral pH (6.9–7.1). Micellization behaviour of different ionic surfactants (sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), sodium dodecane-1-sulphonate (SDSo), sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonates (SDBS), P, P’-1,4-butanedieyl, P, P’-didodecylester, disodium salt (12-4-12A), cetyltrimethylammonium ammonium bromide (CTAB) or dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB)) has been studied fluorometrically in various aquolines and compare data with an aqueous medium. In most of the cases, critical micelle concentration (CMC) values have been found lower than water which may be due to the presence of choline chloride (ChCl, one of the components of aquoline), which can interact micelle electrostatically and hydrophobically. For different head groups in anionic surfactant, CMC follows the order 12-4-12A < SDBS < SDS < SDSo, which fits in the Hoffmeister like series of head groups. For cationic surfactants (CTAB and DTAB), CMC shows a similar chain length effect as observed in water. Overall, CMC data allow to propose that CMC decreases with an increase in molar content of water in a typical aquoline under eutectic limit. Micellar aggregation number (Nm), Stern-Volmer constant, micellar polarity, and apparent dielectric constant were also computed. It has been observed that micelles of lower Nm, with high polarity, are formed in a typical aquoline system (DES III). The study may find applications where organized assemblies are required in highly polar solvents.

In today’s age safeguarding data privacy and security has become a priority, for organizations in various industries. The rise in cyber threats and strict regulations highlight the need for measures to secure data. The findings indicate that Oracle 19c TDE offers a seamless and effective solution for data encryption, balancing security and performance. TDE offers functionality that streamlines encryption methods. Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) plays a role in addressing these security concerns by encrypting database files at the storage level ensuring data protection while avoiding the need for changes at the application level. TDE also protects data stored on storage media (tapes, disks etc.) in-case of an incident that the storage media or data file is lost or stolen.

DNA Computing has emerged as a promising field since its inception when Leonard M. Adleman first used DNA for solving computational problem of the Hamiltonian Path in 1994 [1]. DNA Self Assembly utilizes ’bottom-up’ approach for design and synthesis of complex molecular objects. Intermolecular interactions with the structural units which make use of Watson Crick complementary binding has been the working principle behind creating DNA Tile structures. In this project, we shall be implementing image encryption-decryption using DNA Tiles. We shall be executing a novel method of encrypting image using look-up table and provide its variations along with modifications in the random key method applying XOR operation. We have also implemented the decryption process for the cipher image. Appropriate tilesets for encryption and decryption for each of the methods have been explicitly provided. Then, later in the paper we make statistical comparisons between the various algorithms implemented and investigate which ones are resistant towards attacks. In order to show the implementation of encryption-decryption computation using DNA Tiles, we have built a software which includes the simulation of the tile set generated by the encryption and subsequent decryption without any loss of information in the process. The algorithms have a space complexity of O(n) where n is the size of the image and time complexity being O(n) for converting the gray scale pixel values to binary/quaternary, depending on algorithm. We have used python to implement Encryption and Decryption using DNA Tiles.

In this contribution instances of a problem introduced by the differential cryptanalysis of Feistel cryptosystems are formulated as optimization tasks. The performance of Evolutionary Computation methods on these tasks is studied for a representative Feistel cryptosystem, the Data Encryption Standard. The results indicate that the proposed methodology is efficient in handling this type of problems and furthermore, that its effectiveness depends mainly on the construction of the objective function. This approach is applicable to all Feistel cryptosystems that are amenable to differential cryptanalysis.

      Information is an essential and valuable object in all systems. The more information you have about your issue, the better you can conform to the world around you. Moreover, information recognizes companies and provides influence that helps one company be more effective than another. So, protecting this information using better security controls and providing a high level of access to authorized parties becomes an urgent need. As a result, many algorithms and encryption techniques have been developed to provide a high level of protection for system information. Therefore, this paper presents an enhancement to the Blowfish algorithm as one of the cryptography techniques. Then it proposes an enhancement for increasing efficiency and secrecy for this algorithm, which are the main criteria for these modifications. In this paper, the main modification made for the Blowfish algorithm is altering the S-box according to the principles of the block cipher (OFB). The results were approv...

Ilmu kriptografi merupakan sebuah informasi yang akan disampaikan kepada pihak lain dengan bentuk yang tidak dimengerti. Pada saat ini ilmu kriptografi sangat diperlukan sebagai pertukaran informasi /data. Begitu pentingan informasinya yang akan disampaikan agar tetap  rahasia dan aman, menjadikan ilmu kriptografi ini suatu ilmu yang perlu dipelajari yang menjadiukan kebutuhuan primer dalam bidang teknologi . Kriptografi terdiri dari 2 hal yaitu enskripsi (data/ informasi dalam bentuk yang tidak dimengerti) dan deskripsi (informasi yang tidak dimengerti dirubah lagi kebentuk asli). Hill cipher  merupakan algoritma yang selalu berkembang dengan menggunakan ukuran matrik dengan semua ordo baik itu persegi panjang ataupun persegi. Pada penelitian ini memakai ordo persegi panjang sebagai matriks kunci. Dengan ada penambahaan fungsi logika X-OR dan X-NOR . Pada pengerjaannya lebih panjang dan disini kalimat kunci yang digunakan juga panjang plaintextnya 24 karakter. Nilai k yang duiambil...

Several proof-assistants rely on the very formal basis of Pure Type Systems (PTS) as their foundations. We are concerned with the issues involved in the development of large proofs in these provers such as namespace management, development of reusable proof libraries and separate verification. Although implementations offer many features to address them, few theoretical foundations have been laid for them up to now. This is a problem as features dealing with modularity may have harmful, unsuspected effects on the reliability or usability of an implementation.In this paper, we propose an extension of Pure Type Systems with a module system, $\mathcal{MC}_2$, adapted from SML-like module systems for programming languages. This system gives a theoretical framework addressing the issues mentioned above in a quite uniform way. It is intended to be a theoretical foundation for the module systems of proof-assistants such as Coq or Agda. We show how reliability and usability can be formalize...

As the amount of data and information received and sent electronically increases in various Small and Medium Enterprises, companies and organizations, the adoption of cloud Database as a Service is becoming popular in the global business community. The operational burden encountered by users of Traditional Database Systems (TDS), such as configuration, provisioning, performance tuning, scalability, privacy and security, backup and access control, are transferred by Database as a Service to the service provider/operator. This offers lower hardware and software costs, remote online access to databases and reliable applications. Despite all the benefits of Database as a Service, security and privacy issues of the cloud database can present significant challenges. With the increase of

In this era of communication Data Security is primary concern. This paper introduce the concept of Clocked Hybrid Encryption .The term clocked hybrid represent DES & AES hybrid algorithm which is synchronized with key . In this algorithm every DES round have one AES round. This hybrid algorithm has reinforced the previous standards and the clocked synchronization gives us highly secure algorithm. Therefore this encryption algorithm provides side channel attack protection. Its mean it secure the data from crack ,when both data and crack are running on the same server. In this algorithm 256 bit block cipher is encrypted with 128 bit key in 10 round .This design has been implemented in Xilinx ISE Design Suite 12.1 platform using verilog.

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have gained attention Worldwide in recent years. Because of potential of physical isolation, these sensors have wide range of applications in land based security, military security and much more. As WSNs exchange there environmental conditions with each other, security become important aspect. In WSNs due to battery constraint problem, efficient secure and authentication algorithm is needed which take much lesser time to execution time. In this paper different authentication algorithms are introduced. Most of the literatures indicate that it is not easy to implement cryptographical algorithm because of its battery issue. Many symmetric and asymmetric algorithms have been implemented till yet with large keys. Some papers have provided different keys execution with time constraints.

As the amount of data and information received and sent electronically increases in various Small and Medium Enterprises, companies and organizations, the adoption of cloud Database as a Service is becoming popular in the global business community. The operational burden encountered by users of Traditional Database Systems (TDS), such as configuration, provisioning, performance tuning, scalability, privacy and security, backup and access control, are transferred by Database as a Service to the service provider/operator. This offers lower hardware and software costs, remote online access to databases and reliable applications. Despite all the benefits of Database as a Service, security and privacy issues of the cloud database can present significant challenges. With the increase of

In recent years, lignin valorization is commercially an important and advanced sustainable process for lignocellulosic biomass-based industries, primarily through the depolymerization path. The conversion of the lignin moieties into biofuels and other high value-added products are still challenging to the researchers due to the heterogeneity and complex structure of lignin-containing biomass. Besides, the involvement of different microorganisms that carries varying metabolic and enzymatic complex systems towards degradation and conversion of the lignin moieties also discussed. These microorganisms are frequently short of the traits which are obligatory for the industrial application to achieve maximum yields and productivity. This review mainly focuses on the current progress and developments in the pretreatment routes for enhancing lignin degradation and also assesses the liquid and gaseous biofuel production by fermentation, gasification and hybrid technologies along with the bior...

Confidential data is concealed through encryption, which turns it into an unintelligible format. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of encryption techniques for Image, Video, Audio, and Document Data Types in Java. This study provides an efficiency comparison benchmarking evaluation to analyze three encryption algorithms i.e. Blowfish, Rivest Cipher2, and Triple Data Encryption Standard to choose the best in terms of size and time efficiency. By evaluating the time/size required by the algorithms to encrypt and decrypt the different data types in different data block sizes using an electronic codebook (ECB), benchmarking has been done using Java. In this study, Rivest Cipher2 (RC2) appears to be the best encryption/decryption algorithm in JAVA programming, outperforming the two most popular encryption algorithms, Blowfish, and Triple Data Encryption Standard (3DES), in benchmarking comparisons at various settings for each algorithm and different size of data blocks. The key factor that distinguishes RC2 as the best algorithm among the two is that it maintains lowest time efficiency followed by blowfish second 3DES with a slight difference and a difference of fewer milliseconds. 3DES is not a significantly worse algorithm, but it takes longer to complete than the other algorithms. Likewise all the three contender's algorithms RC2, Blowfish and 3DES are very good in terms of size efficiency evaluation having maintaining average size.