Iron age settlements

Archaeologists of the University of Oulu conducted a small-scale test excavation on the Pirttitörmä site in the parish of Ii during the summer of 2014. The site is situated on Illinsaari, an island standing on the mouth area of the River Iijoki, just NE of the modern day town of Ii in Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland. The site was first discovered in 2013 by a local metal detector enthusiast who dug up multiple artefacts and artefact fragments dating to the Late Iron Age and the Early Medieval period. The aim for the excavation was to clarify the context of the metal detector finds as well as to specify the dating of the site.

During the field work, it was concluded that the Pirttitörmä site is most likely a Late Iron Age dwelling site with at least some magnitude. Although no clear evidence of an actual house was found, the site offered the evidence of specialized constructions such as a possible cooking tent and a cooking or storage pit. Also the find assemblage, consisting mostly of osteological material, pieces of flint and some fragments of copper containers and other metal artefacts, contribute to the notion of the site being a dwelling site. Based on the artefact typologies and the shore displacement as well as the C14 datings of the nearby Suutarinniemi cemetery, it seems likely that the site was in use sometime during the AD 1100 and 1300.

L’any 1972 J. Maluquer de Motes dirigí l’excavació de l’assentament del primer ferro de la
Ferradura (Ulldecona, Montsià). Immediatament, aquells treballs prengueren una notable importància. Els resultats publicats en el seu moment representen encara avui dia una referència ineludible de qualsevol estudi relacionat amb la protohistòria antiga de les Terres de l’Ebre i les del Sénia. Quaranta anys després d’aquella única actuació, però, resulta evident la necessitat de revisar aquells treballs i contrastar-los amb les noves dades obtingudes a les excavacions d’assentaments coetanis propers com Sant Jaume, la Moleta del Remei, la Cogula, el Puig de la Misericòrdia, el Puig de la Nau o el Castell d’Ulldecona. Amb aquest objectiu, el GRAP (Grup de Recerca en Arqueologia Protohistòrica) de la Universitat de Barcelona va reprendre l’any 2009 els treballs d’excavació d’aquest nucli. En aquest article presentem un resum dels primers resultats derivats d’aquesta tasca incipient.

Soós, E. - Tankó, K.: An attempt at interpretation of the La Tène and Roman period settlement finds from Szilvásvárad in Northeast-Hungary. in: Berecki, S. - Rustoiu, A. - Egri, M. (eds.): Iron Age Connectivity in the Carpathian Basin. Proceedings of the International Colloquium from Târgu Mureş. Cluj-Napoca 2018

The Iron Age archaeological sites located in the Ciorna River basin have been the object of attention of specialists since 1950s. Thus, as a result of surface investigations, archaeological surveys and systematic investigations currently in the Ciorna River basin there are discovered 36 sites that belonged to the communities of Cozia-Saharna, Basarabi-Şoldăneşti and Thraco-Getic cultures. Among them there are several fortifications (Glinjeni “La Şanţ”, Mateuţi, etc.), open settlements (Mateuţi “La Başne”, Şoldăneşti I, Glinjeni V, etc.), and cemeteries (Mateuţi “Curtaia”, Şoldăneşti II, etc.), which indicate the continuous habitation in the Ciorna River basin during the 11th/10th-3rd centuries BC.

Les données relatives aux gisements de la Protohistoire ancienne de la Haute vallée de la Sarre sont particulièrement indigentes
malgré le nombre croissant d’opérations d’archéologie préventive menées ces trente dernières années. En se limitant au cadre
chronologique Bronze final IIb - Hallstatt D2/D3, l’objectif de cet article est de dresser un état de la documentation disponible dans
ce secteur du Plateau lorrain et de faire un point sur l’évolution de l’organisation des sites d’habitats de la fin de l’âge du Bronze et du
Premier âge du Fer. Il s’agit également, avec l’exploitation de ces données, de caractériser au mieux les faciès céramiques issus des fouilles
récentes afin de discuter de la chronologie des sites découverts lors de prospections ou de fouilles anciennes.

Data related to deposits from ancient Protohistory in the Upper Saar Valley are particularly indigent despite a growing
number of archaeological survey operations conducted over the last thirty years. Within the chronological framework of the Late Bronze
to Hallstatt D2/D3, the purpose of this article is to compile the available documentation in this area of the Lorraine Plateau in order
to consider the evolution of settlement organization in the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. Finally, the processing of data is also
to describe as well as possible the ceramic facies recently excavated in order to discuss the chronology of sites discovered during surveys or
past excavations.

Unsere Kenntnisse vor- und frühgeschichtlicher Fundstellen im Tal der Oberen Saar sind trotz der steigenden
Zahl archäologischer Untersuchungen der letzten 30 Jahre noch immer recht dürftig. Ziel des Artikels ist eine Bestandsaufnahme der
vorliegenden Dokumentation zu den spätbronzezeitlichen und früheisenzeitlichen Siedlungen in diesem Bereich des Plateau lorrain
(Stufen Hallstatt A2 – Hallstatt D2/D3), an die sich einige Überlegungen zu ihrer Organisation und Entwicklung anknüpfen.
Abschließend wird über die Auswertung dieser Daten eine bessere Charakterisierung des Keramikspektrums aus den jüngsten
Grabungen versucht, um damit die Chronologie der durch Prospektionen oder bei Altgrabungen entdeckten Fundplätze zu erörtern.

The archaeological site of Unip – Dealul Cetățuica, Sacoșu Turcesc commune,
is located on a sand beam, formed after the deposits of the Timiș River (Fig. 1). Even if
it was discovered several decades ago, systematic research began only in 2007 and has
continued, with some interruptions to date. They are run by the Western University
from Timișoara, being one of the schoolyards of the Department of History, within the
Faculty of Letters, History, and Theology. Since 2015, the Museum of the Dacian and
Roman Civilisation Deva has become a partner in the research project of the site. This
work is one of the fruits of collaboration between the two institutions over the last
5 years.
The archaeological discoveries were presented to the public through
archaeological reports, studies, and articles, through exhibitions and through
popularization in the media, locally and centrally. So far, three levels of habitation have
been documented, belonging to the first Iron Age, the Dacian Kingdom time and the
Migration period. The results of the researches carried out during the period 2009-2015
are the subject of a monographic presentation that will see the light of the pattern until
the end of 2019.
On this occasion, we set out to present the objects discovered so far at Unip,
which belong to the level of Dacian habitation, but which come from other cultural
environments. The pieces that can be included in this category are not numerous, but
they are characterized by a great typological variety (Pl. I/1-9, II/1a-g). The small
number may reflect the current state of research or may indicate a certain
“impermeability” to artifacts from other cultural backgrounds. However, the location of
the site, on the banks of the Timiș River, in a place favorable to the development of
some communication networks, could have favored the commercial exchanges.
And the artifacts camming from other cultural environments discovered at Unip,
despite the small number, show us that the settlement was connected with the
surrounding areas, its contemporary.